必修三Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note 知識(shí)點(diǎn)串講

課文一知識(shí)點(diǎn)串講Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)必背*1．_________ 撫養(yǎng)；培養(yǎng)；教育；提出*2．________ 前進(jìn)；(用于祈使句)可以；往下說(shuō)*4．__________ 偶然；無(wú)意中；不小心*5．________ 盯著看；凝視*6．__________ 導(dǎo)致；作出解釋7．_____________ 與此相反；正相反8．_____________ 冒險(xiǎn)*9.

關(guān)于；至于10．

說(shuō)實(shí)話

bringupgoaheadbyaccidentstareataccountforonthecontrarytakeachanceasfortobehonestIwonder,MrAdams,if

you’dmindusaskingafewquestions.ItwastheshipthatbroughtyoutoEngland.Ifoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrong…ThenextmorningI’djustaboutgivenmyselfupforlost

whenIwasspottedbyaship.ThefactisthatIearnedmypassagebyworkingwasanunpaidhand,which

accountsformyappearance.難句分析1.Iwonder,MrAdams,ifyou’dmindusaskingafewquestions.

Iwonderwhether

(if)you…是表示委婉的請(qǐng)求的句式，用于較為正式的場(chǎng)合。譯為：不知您是否……whether(if)youmindusaskingafewquestions在句中作wonder的賓語(yǔ)從句,該句中的(mindus)askingafewquestions為動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作動(dòng)詞mind的賓語(yǔ).“名詞的所有格/形容詞性物主代詞+doing”為動(dòng)名詞(-ing形式)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中能做主語(yǔ),表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ).動(dòng)名詞(-ing形式)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu):1.用作主語(yǔ):Sophia’shavingseenthemdidnotsurpriseus.索非亞看見了他們,這并不使我們感到驚訝.2.用作賓語(yǔ):Excusemyinterruptingyou.3.用作表語(yǔ):Whatworriedthechildmostwashisnotbeingallowedtovisithismotherinthehospictal.使那孩子不安的是不允許他到醫(yī)院探望他的媽媽.

在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中,動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)用作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),其名詞多用通格,形容詞性物主代詞也多用代詞的賓格.mindusasking..就屬這種情況.Ihatepeoplebeingunhappy.Pleasesaynothingaboutuscalling.1.-----你介意我把你的演講錄音嗎？（錄音：record）----不介意，當(dāng)然可以。---Wouldyoumind____________________yourlecture?---Wouldyoumindif__________________yourlecture?---Doyoumindif___________________yourlecture?merecordingIrecordIrecordNo,goahead./Notatall./Ofcoursenot/Certainlynot難句1.Iwonder,MrAdams,if

you’dmindusaskingafewquestions.練習(xí)1)Hepermittedustotakebooksandmagazinesout.強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)：強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)：強(qiáng)調(diào)booksandmagazines:Hedidpermitustotakebooksandmagazinesout.Itwashethatpermittedustotakebooksandmagazinesout.Itwasbooksandmagazinesthathepermittedustotakeout.難句2.Anditwastheshipthat

broughtyoutoEngland.該句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句,其句型為“Itwas+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+句子剩余的部分”.練習(xí)2)Wedidn’tunderstandituntilourteacherexplaineditmanytimes.強(qiáng)調(diào)句：倒裝句：Itwasnotuntilourteacherexplaineditthatweunderstood.Notuntilourteacherexplaineditmanytimesdidweunderstand.難句3)Well,towardsnightfallIfound

myself

carried

outtoseabyastrongwind.

[仿寫]她醒來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)被許多陌生人包圍著。 Shewokeupand _byagreatmanystrangers.foundherselfsurrounded嗯，傍晚時(shí)分我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被一陣大風(fēng)刮到海上去了。findoneself+介詞短語(yǔ)/分詞(發(fā)現(xiàn)某人自己不知不覺…)①Ifoundmyselfsurroundedbyagroupofchildrenfullofcuriosity.我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被一群充滿好奇心的孩子圍住了。②Dickfoundhimself

inthedirectionofMike'splace.迪克發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在朝邁克家的方向走去。③Afterwanderingaround,wefoundourselvesbackatthehotel.我們四處漫步后發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不知不覺回到了飯店。walking[鏈接高考](2011·浙江高考)Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselves_____________forwords.A．lose B．lostC．tolose D．havinglost解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處lost是過(guò)去分詞作themselves的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)意表示“甚至最好的作家有時(shí)候也會(huì)表達(dá)不出來(lái)”，所以答案選B項(xiàng)。答案：B答案：D2．Hefoundhisson_____________bylettersandpapersand_____________veryworried. A．surrounding;looked B．surrounded;looked C．surrounding;looking D．surrounded;looking

解析：動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)，表示被動(dòng)；動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)，表示主動(dòng)。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選D。1.走進(jìn)院子，我發(fā)現(xiàn)滿地的落葉。___________(enter)theyard,Ifoundit___________withlotsof____________leaves.Enteringcoveredfallen2.第一次看到她的時(shí)候，我認(rèn)為她美麗又善良。___________________Imether,I_________________herkindand_________________.Thefirsttimefound/thoughtbeautiful難句4)ThenextmorningI'djustaboutgivenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship. 第二天早上，我正感到絕望的時(shí)候，一艘船發(fā)現(xiàn)了我。

[解讀]hadjustdone...when...“剛做完……，這時(shí)……”。 [仿寫]我剛放下電話這時(shí)傳來(lái)敲門聲。 I

thephone

therewasaknockonthedoor.hadjusthungupwhengiveoneselfupfor….因…而絕望[句型對(duì)點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)]

Ⅰ.完成句子1．她正在街上徘徊，這時(shí)忽然看見了一家裁縫店。 She

shecaughtsightofatailor'sshop.2．他剛上床睡覺，這時(shí)電話響了。 He

thetelephonerang.3．我匆忙地趕到飛機(jī)場(chǎng)卻發(fā)現(xiàn)我的錢包丟了。 Ihurriedlygottotheairportonlyto

.waswanderingthroughthestreetwhenhadjustgonetobedwhenfindmywalletlostIhadjustgotbacktothekitchen_____________thedoorbellrangloudenoughtowakethedead. A．since B．a(chǎn)s C．when D．than 解析：考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：我剛回到廚房，門鈴就響了起來(lái)，那響聲足以把死人喚醒。hadjustdone...when...為固定搭配，表示“剛……就……”。答案：CExplanationAlargequantityofmoney=alargesumofmoney常用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞。

Nowhehasalargeamountofmoney.Hecandoanythinghewantswithit.只用于修飾可數(shù)名詞的有:dozensofscoresofagreatmanyabig(large/great)numberofbig(large/great)numbersof2)只用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有:muchagreat(good)dealofagreat(good)amountof3)既可修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有:alotoflotsofplentyofalargequantityof

2.Whatwillyoudowithit?dowith對(duì)待；處理Whatshallwedowiththerubbish?比較:dowith/dealwith兩個(gè)都有“處理,對(duì)付”之意

dowith中的do是及物動(dòng)詞;而dealwith中的deal是不及物動(dòng)詞,所以dowith用what提問(wèn),dealwith用how提問(wèn)。Howareyougoingtodealwiththewastepaper?Whatareyougoingtodowiththeoldbooks?3.makeabetmakeabetonsth.withsb.=betonsth.withsb.Ibet…=I’mcertain…我肯定…類似的短語(yǔ)：haveabet打賭win/loseabet打賭贏/輸了accept/takeupabet同意打賭4.….Whatdoyouthinkofit?你覺得它怎么樣？Whatdoyouthinkofsth?=Howdoyoulikesth?=Howdoyoufindsth?----Howdoyoufindyournewteacher?---_________________.Ifindherinthelibrary.B.IfoundherbychanceC.Idon’tlikeherbecauseherclassisboring.

C5.HeislostinLondon.他在倫敦迷了路。belost迷路；傾心于某事e.g.Hewaslostintheforestforthreedaysandnightsandwasfinallyrescuedbyhisfriends.他迷失在樹林里三天三夜,最后被朋友們救了出來(lái)。e.g.Hewassolostinreadingthisbookthatheforgotthetimeofhistrain.他看書入了神,把上火車的時(shí)間都忘了。6.Permitmetoleadtheway,sir.先生,請(qǐng)讓我來(lái)帶路吧。

permitsomeonetodo準(zhǔn)許……做某事e.g.Willyoupermitustousethisroomforameetingthisafternoon?你能準(zhǔn)許我們今天下午在這個(gè)房間開個(gè)會(huì)嗎？

permitdoing準(zhǔn)許做某事e.g.Therulesoftheclubdon’tpermitsmoking.俱樂部的規(guī)矩是不允許吸煙。與permit同義的詞allow，也這樣使用。permitv./n.Dogsarenot~tedinthebuilding.Wedon’t~__________(smoke)intheoffice.Iwas~ted_____________(explain)it.Youcan’tenterthebuildingwithouta~.

smokingtoexplain1.Withoutadriver'spermit,youarenotpermittedtodrivethecar.翻譯：2.Youcan'ttakephotographshere

.未經(jīng)許可你們不能在此處拍照。withoutpermission英漢互譯3．Wedon'tpermit_____________intheclassroom;thatistosay,studentsaren'tpermitted_____________intheclassroom. A．tosmoke;tosmoke B．smoking;smoking C．smoking;tosmoke D．tosmoke;smoking

解析：permit意為“允許；許可”時(shí)，常用于permitsb.todosth.和permitdoingsth.結(jié)構(gòu)。答案：C你若沒有駕照，就不允許開這輛車。[聯(lián)想歸納]動(dòng)詞permit的常見用法為：permitdoingsth./sb.todosth.，請(qǐng)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示寫出用法類似的動(dòng)詞。①

doingsth./sb.todosth.允許(某人)做某事②

doingsth./sb.todosth.禁止(某人)做某事③

doingsth./sb.todosth.建議(某人)做某事④

doingsth./sb.todosth.鼓勵(lì)(某人)做某事allowforbidadviseencourage[教師備課參考]permit是高中階段的重要單詞，除掌握其基本用法外，也要注意它在獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的用法。—What'syourplanforthisweekend?—Weather_____________，we'llgotoclimbthehillnearby.A．permittedB．permittingC．permitsD．permit解析：在答語(yǔ)中，逗號(hào)前后兩部分之間沒有連詞，所以空格處只能用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。weather和permit之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用permit的動(dòng)詞-ing形式。weatherpermitting構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，表示條件，相當(dāng)于ifweatherpermits。答案：B[教師備課參考]感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,observe,lookat,hear,listento,notice等詞的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)有四種形式，以see為例：(1)see＋賓語(yǔ)＋do看見賓語(yǔ)做……了(2)see＋賓語(yǔ)＋doing 看見賓語(yǔ)正在做(3)see＋賓語(yǔ)＋beingdone看見賓語(yǔ)正在被做(4)see＋賓語(yǔ)＋done 看見賓語(yǔ)被做IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.(主動(dòng)，完成)剛才我聽見她唱了一首英文歌。IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.(主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行)昨天經(jīng)過(guò)她房間時(shí)，我聽見她在唱英文歌。注意：不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表完成或狀態(tài)。Ilookeddownatmyneckandfoundmynecklacegone.(不及物動(dòng)詞，狀態(tài))我低頭看了一眼我的脖子，發(fā)現(xiàn)我的項(xiàng)鏈不見了。詞語(yǔ)辨析：permitallowletpermit含有比較積極地同意某人做某事，多用于正式場(chǎng)合；allow含有聽任或默許某人做某事，它可以和副詞連用，permit則不能；let多用于口語(yǔ)，祈使句中應(yīng)用let.如：Willyoupermitmetosayafewwords?Marywouldn’tallowmein.Letmetry.5．Itwasallmyfault!全是我的錯(cuò)！faultn．責(zé)任；過(guò)錯(cuò)；缺點(diǎn)vt.對(duì)……挑毛病it'sone'sfault是某人的錯(cuò)atfault有過(guò)錯(cuò)；應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)責(zé)findfaultwith挑毛??；找茬①Somehow,peopleseemtothinkit'smyfaultforlettinghimin.不知什么原因，人們似乎認(rèn)為讓他進(jìn)來(lái)是我的過(guò)錯(cuò)。②Heissuchamanwhoisalways

otherpeople.他是一個(gè)總是愛挑別人毛病的人。findingfaultwith答案：C

IbrokemyrelationshipwithJohnbecausehealwaysfound_____________withme. A．error B．mistake C．fault D．failure

解析：句意：我和約翰的關(guān)系破裂了，因?yàn)樗偸钦椅业牟?。findfaultwith“挑剔；找……的茬子”，符合句意。6．..WhenIwasspottedbyaship.spotvt.發(fā)現(xiàn)；認(rèn)出；點(diǎn)綴n.斑點(diǎn)；污點(diǎn)；地點(diǎn)①Hespottedamanenteringthespotwhereaheateddiscussionwason.他注意到在激烈討論的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)有個(gè)人進(jìn)來(lái)了。②Thepolicewerecalledandtheywere______________inthreeminutes.有人報(bào)了警，警察三分鐘內(nèi)就來(lái)到了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。onthespot答案：BWhenthemanwastryingtobreakintothebank,hewascaughtbythepolice_____________. A．inaspot B．onthespot C．offthespot D．tothespot 解析：考查spot短語(yǔ)的用法。句意：當(dāng)那個(gè)人試圖闖入銀行時(shí)，他被警察當(dāng)場(chǎng)抓獲了。onthespot“在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)；當(dāng)場(chǎng)”，與本句的語(yǔ)境一致。inaspot“陷入困境”；offthespot“不準(zhǔn)確；離題”。難句5）ThefactisthatIearnedmypassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand,which

accountsformyappearance.該句中whichaccountsformyappearance是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,which代表了前面的整個(gè)句子.我是作為一個(gè)不拿工資的幫手賺來(lái)我的船費(fèi)的,這就是我為什么會(huì)衣冠不整的原因了。(1)accountfor解釋；說(shuō)明；占……(比例)(2)onaccountof由于；因?yàn)閛nnoaccount決不(置于句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝)onanyaccount無(wú)論如何(3)oaccount＝oconsideration考慮……①Onnoaccountshouldthehousebeleftunlocked.離開住宅時(shí)千萬(wàn)要鎖門。②Theyhadto

whendrawinguptheplan.他們?cè)谄鸩萦?jì)劃時(shí)，不得不把各種可能性都考慮到。takeeverypossibilityintoaccountaccountvi.&vt.認(rèn)為；說(shuō)明；總計(jì)有n．說(shuō)明；理由；計(jì)算；賬目；報(bào)道答案：C

(2013·河北質(zhì)檢)Thepurposeofthetheoryisto_______theseexperimentalfindings. A．involveinB．dependon C．a(chǎn)ccountfor D．consistof

解析：句意：理論的目的是解釋這些實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果。accountfor“解釋”，符合句意。

Onthecontrary,infact.

onthecontrary與此相反；正相反I’mnotill.Onthecontrary,I’mveryhealthy.

我沒有生病。正相反，我很健康。2．takeachance冒險(xiǎn)；試圖做某事；碰運(yùn)氣

[經(jīng)典例句]Theropemightbreakbutthat'sachancewe'llhavetotake.(牛津P288) 繩子可能會(huì)斷，但我們只能冒這個(gè)險(xiǎn)了。(1)takeachance＝takeone'schance/takechances冒險(xiǎn)(2)bychance＝byaccident偶然；碰巧(3)(The)chanceis/(The)chancesarethat...有可能……Thereisachancethat...可能……答案：D—Isitdangerous? —Yes,butIhaveto_____________achance;afterall,thisisthelastopportunityforme. A．make B．hold C．catch D．take

解析：答語(yǔ)句意：是的，但是我必須得冒險(xiǎn)；畢竟對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)這是最后一次機(jī)會(huì)。takeachance“冒險(xiǎn)”，固定搭配。詞語(yǔ)辨析：stare,glare,gaze,glanceStare指由于好奇，驚訝，深思而長(zhǎng)時(shí)間目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地“直視，注視，瞪視”，有時(shí)表粗魯無(wú)禮；glare指由于興趣，驚奇而長(zhǎng)時(shí)間無(wú)意識(shí)地“凝視、注視”；glance指“瞥視“”匆匆一看“。他們都可跟介詞at.10.Iearnedmypassagebyworkingasunpaidhand,whichaccountsformyappearance.我靠做義工來(lái)頂替船費(fèi),這就是我為什么衣冠不整的原因了。earnone’spassage掙取旅費(fèi)e.g.Hecouldn’taffordthefare,andsohehadtoearnhispassagebydoingjobsontheship.他交不起船費(fèi),只得靠在船上做些零活來(lái)掙取路費(fèi)。12.tobehonest老實(shí)說(shuō)=totellyouthetruth=honestlyspeaking類似的說(shuō)法：tobefrank=franklyspeaking坦率地說(shuō)Tobehonest,Idon’tthinkwehaveachanceofwinning.說(shuō)實(shí)話，我認(rèn)為我們?nèi)俚目赡苄圆淮?。Usinglanguagetakea/one’schance(takechances)ofdoingsth./onsth.冒險(xiǎn)，碰運(yùn)氣類似的表達(dá)：take/runarisk(take/runrisks)ofdoingsth/onsthHehadhischanceonce.Idon’tknowwhyhedidn’ttakeit.他曾有過(guò)一次機(jī)會(huì)，我不懂他為什么不利用它。GrammarNounClausesMayweaskwhatyou’redoinginthiscountryandwhatyourplansare?Well,Ican’tsaythatIhaveanyplans.Ididn’tknowwhetherIcouldsurviveuntilmorning.Youmustn’tthinkwedon’tcareaboutyou.2.Well,whydon’tyouexplainwhatthisisallabout.3.That’swhywe’vegivenyoutheletter.Youmustn’tthinkwedon’tcareaboutyou.2.Well,Ican’tsaythatIhaveanyplans.3.Ididn’tknowwhetherIcouldsurviveuntilmorning.4.Well,whydon’tyouexplainwhatthisisallabout.5.That’swhywe’vegivenyoutheletter.從句名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞連接詞that,whether,asif,asthough,連接代詞who,whom,what,which,whose

連接副詞when,where,how,why從句名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞連接詞that,whether,asif,asthough,連接代詞who,whom,what,which,whose

連接副詞when,where,how,whyIdon’tknow

willhelpHenrytowinthebet.Ican’tyettellyou

Ilikethisplayornot.Ican’tdescribe

Iwouldfeelifsomeonegavemeamillionyuan.Iknow

Henrymustbeworriedaboutwhatwillhappentohim.Thebrotherswon’tsay

theydecidedtomakethebet.whowhetherhowthatwhyIamsurprised

hehasleftwithoutsayinggoodbyetous.Idon’tknow

heisdoingthere.Pleasetellme

shehasgone.Pleasefindout

thetrainleave.Thequestionis

thefilmisworthseeing.That’s

hedidn’tcomeyesterday.Idon’tknow

willattendthemeeting.Willyoutellme

Icankeephealthy?Theproblemis

wecangetenoughfood.Heasked

penitwasthatwhatwhenwhetherwhywhohowhowwhosewhere1.Goandgetyourcoat.It's_______youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewereD.wherethere2.Theproblemis_______hehasenoughtime.A.ifB.whetherC./D.that3.Hemadeapromise_______hewouldhelpme.A.whatB.whenC.thatD.which4.Iremember_______thisusedtobeaquietvillage.A.howB.whenC.whereD.what

5.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_______heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whereverBBCBBPractice–choosing(10m)高考鏈接1.---Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday'sgame?---Oh,that's_______.(2003北京春季)A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited

A解析：這是由what引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，這句話的意思為：那是使我感到興奮的事。故答案為A。2.---IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.---Isthat_______youhadafewdaysoff?

(NMET1999)A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where

解析:這是一個(gè)由why引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句,表示原因.這句話的意思是"這就是你離開的原因嗎?"。故答案為A。A3.Perseveranceisakindofqualityandthat’s_______ittakestodoanythingwell.(2002上海春季)

A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why

解析:what在表語(yǔ)從句中作takes的賓語(yǔ),構(gòu)成"Ittakessth.todosth."的句型。答案為A。A4.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly_______hewants.(2002上海春季)A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that解析:這是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,wants后面缺少賓語(yǔ),Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlywhathewants是一句諺語(yǔ),意思是"永遠(yuǎn)給予他人他確實(shí)想要的東西"。故答案為A。A2.表語(yǔ)從句從句在復(fù)合句中用作表語(yǔ)，一般放在主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（連系動(dòng)詞）后面。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：連接詞that,whether,asif,asthough,because;連接代詞who,whom,what,which,whose;連接副詞when,where,how,why等。如：WhattheywanttoknowiswhetherHenryhaveanymoneyonhimornot.ThatiswhatthetwobrotherswantHenrytodo.Itlooks