Jonathan Swift 喬納森 斯威夫特

JonathanSwift喬納森·斯威夫特

Jonathan

Swift

(1667-1745)Life

MajorWorksAchievementsMasterpieceLifestoryBorninDublin,Irelandon30November1667

posthumouschild(遺腹子)satirist,essayist,politician

graduatedfrom

TrinityCollege,DublinReligionbeliefAnglican（英國國教教徒）diedon19October1745Burialsite:St.Patrick’sCathedral（圣帕特里克大教堂）

Swift’sStylesimple,clear,vigorouslanguage;simple,directandpreciseprose;amastersatirist;Deadlyirony;powerfulsatire.MajorWorksATaleofaTub(1697).《一個(gè)木桶的故事》BattleoftheBooks(1697).《書籍之戰(zhàn)》JournaltoStella(1710-13).《給斯黛拉的日記》TheDrapier'sLetters(1724).《布商的信》Gulliver‘sTravels(1726).《格列佛游記》ATaleofaTubwascomposedbetween1694and1697andpublishedin1704.Itis

probablyhismostdifficultsatire,and

possiblyhismostmasterly.TheBattleoftheBooksisthenameofashortsatirewrittenbyJonathanSwiftandpublishedaspartoftheprolegomenatohisATaleofaTubin1704.Thisisareproductionofabookpublishedbefore1923.Thisbookmayhaveoccasionalimperfectionssuchasmissingorblurredpages,poorpictures,errantmarks,etc.AchievementsSwiftisoneofthegreatestmastersofEnglishprose.Swiftisamastersatirist.Swiftwasamanofgreatmoralintegrityandsocialcharm.

諷刺是一面鏡子，觀看者常常能看到別人的面容卻看不到自己.

——喬納森·斯威夫特Every

man

desires

to

live

long,

but

no

man

would

be

old.

——

Jonathan

Swift

人人都希望長(zhǎng)壽，但沒人愿意變老。

——

喬納森·斯威夫特

Satireisasortofglass,whereinbeholdersdogenerally

discovereverybody'sfacebuttheirown

.

——JonathanSwift

QuotationGulliver'sTravels電影預(yù)告IntroductionSwift’sgreatestsatirework,Gulliver'sTravels,iswrittenin1726,thebookhasnotlostitssignificancetothepresentdayandcanbejustlyrankedamongthebestnovelofworldliterature.masterpiecePlotandMajorCharacters

Writtenintheformofatraveljournal,Gulliver'sTravelsisthefictionalaccountoffourextraordinaryvoyagesmadebyLemuelGulliver,aphysicianwhosignsontoserveasaship'ssurgeonwhenheisunabletoprovidehisfamilywithasufficientincomeinLondon.

Gullivermakesourdeep-seavoyages,whicharedescribedinthefourpartsofthebook.

Lilliput

利立浦特(小人國）Laputa（飛島國）Brobdingnag布羅丁奈格（大人國）Houyhnhnms慧馬國FirstvoyageLilliput（利立普特）Ontheveryfirstvoyage,Gulliverisshipwrecked.

Ofalltheship’screwhealonesurvives.Heswimstotheshoreofastrangeland,inhabitedbyLilliputians,thetallestofwhomissixincheshigh.LittlebylittlehegetsusedtotheirlifeandeventakespartinthewarwiththeneighbouringstateofBlefuseu.Treason叛國罪MajorthemesThefirstvoyagehasbeeninterpretedasanallegorical(諷喻的)satireofthepoliticaleventsoftheearlyeighteenthcentury,acommentaryonthemoralstateofEngland.ThewarwiththetinyneighboringislandrepresentsEngland‘srivalry（對(duì)抗）betweenWhigsandTories.SecondvoyageBrobdingnag（布羅丁奈格）

GulliverfinallyescapesLilliputandreturnsbrieflytoEnglandbeforeasecondvoyagetakeshimtoBrobdingnag.

water-towerOnthewhole,theBrobdingnagiansaregood-naturedcreatures,andtheytreatGulliverkindly,thoughtheyareamusedbyhistinysizeandlookeduponhimasaplaything.ThirdvoyageLaputa（勒普它島）HesoonembarksonhisthirdvoyagetotheflyingislandofLaputaLaputaisamysteriouslandinhabitedbyscientists,magicians,andsorcerers（男巫）whoengageinridiculousexperiment.Majorthemes

ThevoyagetoLaputa

isascathing（尖刻的）attackuponscienceinthesixteenthandseventeenthcenturiesandrevealsSwift‘scontemptanddisdainforabstracttheoryandideology（思想）thatisnotofpracticalservicetohuman.FinalvoyageHouyhnhnm慧馬國OnceagainGulliverreturnstoEnglandbeforeafinaljourney,tothelandoftheHouyhnhnmInthecountryofHouyhnhnmHouyhnhnmHorseYahooVeritablereplicasofhumanracedebasedhumanityRationalandvirtuousExtrainformation

《格列佛游記》的作者JonathanSwift發(fā)明了yahoo這個(gè)單詞。Yahoo!的創(chuàng)始人楊致遠(yuǎn)和DavidFilo選擇這個(gè)名字的原因是他們覺得自己是yahoo。他們選擇這個(gè)名稱的原因是他們喜歡字典里對(duì)yahoo的定義：“粗魯，不通世故，粗俗。

NowadaysoneofChina’s10topwebsitesisnamedYahoo.ThefinalvoyagerevealsSwift‘sultimatesatiricobject—man’sinabilitytocometotermswithhistruenature.TheYahoosasasatiricrepresentationofdebased(品質(zhì)惡劣的)humanity,whiletakingtheHouyhnhnmsasrepresentativesofSwift‘sidealsofrationalityandorder.MajorthemesSwift'sArtisticFeatures

SatireHissatireisusuallymaskedbyanoutwardgravityanda