初中英語重點(diǎn)詞匯(一)

詞匯精講初中英語重點(diǎn)詞匯（一）兩個(gè)短語均可用來修飾形容詞、副詞及其比較急，意義一樣，可以通用。例：Theyarefeelingabit/alittletired.他們感到有點(diǎn)兒累。修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，alittle可以直接連用，但abit需要加of，再跟不可數(shù)名詞。

例：Ineedalittle/abitofmoneytobuythebook.

我需要一點(diǎn)錢買這本書。notalittle意為“非?！?、“很”，而notabit則意為“一點(diǎn)也不”。

例子Heisnotabitengry.

他一點(diǎn)也不惱火。Sheisnotalittlehungry.

她很餓了。辨析：abit，alittle在表示位置關(guān)系時(shí)，均有“在……上方”的意思，但above表示“斜上方”，反義詞為below。over表示“正上方”，反義詞為under。表示“越過”時(shí)，要用over。e.g.TheplaneflewoverthecityofNanjing.那架飛機(jī)飛越南京城而去。表示氣溫、還把的“高于”，一般用above。e.g.Thelowesttemperaturewillbe8℃abovezerotonight.

今晚的最低溫度將是零上8攝氏度。over還有“多于”、“超過”的意思，相當(dāng)于morethan。e.g.Overfiftystudentsareoverthere.

那邊有50多個(gè)學(xué)生。辨析：above，overaccept指友誼是的，經(jīng)過考慮的，意為“接受”receive是無意識(shí)的，無法事先考慮，意為“收到”。e.g.Ireceivedagiftfromher,butIdidn’tacceptit.我收到了她給我的禮物，但我沒有接受。辨析：accept，receive這兩個(gè)詞都是“穿過的意思，介詞，across表示穿過某處時(shí)，它的左右兩邊無障礙物，而用through時(shí)，兩邊有障礙物。e.g.whentheytravelledthtoughtherorest,theysawmanymonkeys.他們穿過森林時(shí)，看見許多猴子。Wewalkedacrossthesquareandcametothemuseum.我們穿過廣場(chǎng)，來到了博物館。說“橫過馬路”、“橫渡江河”均需用介詞across，即：acrosstheroad，acrosstheriver。辨析：across，through考點(diǎn)突破·人教版詞匯點(diǎn)睛1byprep.靠；通過；在……旁邊，靠近；沿著，經(jīng)由；由于；不晚于，不遲于[搭配]

by＋動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者(用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)中)bybus(train，plane，ship)乘公共汽車(火車、飛機(jī)、輪船)shakesbbythehand和某人握手bydoing用……的方式Thereisapowerstationbytheriver.河邊有一個(gè)電廠。│考點(diǎn)突破·人教版Hewalkedbymewithoutspeaking.他一言不發(fā)地從我身邊走過。Ididitbymistake.我誤做了此事。They'reimprovingdaybyday.他們?cè)谝惶焯斓馗倪M(jìn)。Canyoufinishyourworkby5：00pm?你能在下午五點(diǎn)之前完成你的工作嗎？活學(xué)活用(1)IlearnEnglish_______________________.我通過大聲朗讀學(xué)習(xí)英語。(2)Thehousewasdestroyed__________.房屋被火燒毀了。byreadingaloudbyfire·人教版2impress

v．使印象深刻[點(diǎn)撥]

impressedadj.(使人)感到印象深刻的；impressingadj.令人印象深刻的；impressionn．印象。其常用搭配為impresssbwithsth或impresssthonsb?；顚W(xué)活用Theteacher'swords____________meonmymemory.老師的話銘刻在我的記憶里。impressed·人教版3patient

adj.忍耐的，有耐心的[點(diǎn)撥]

patient的反義詞是impatient。其常用搭配為：bepatientwithsb/sth對(duì)某人/某事有耐心bepatientatsth對(duì)某事有耐心活學(xué)活用(1)I'dbeenwaitingfortwentyminutesandIwas________________________.我等了二十分鐘，有點(diǎn)兒不耐煩了。(2)Don'tbe__________withher.Sheisonlyachild.不要對(duì)她沒有耐心，她只是一個(gè)孩子。gettingimpatientimpatientPERIOD16│考點(diǎn)突破·人教版4death

n．死；死亡[拓展]

diev．死，死亡；deadadj.死亡的；dyingadj.要死的活學(xué)活用(1)Her________isashocktohim.她的死對(duì)他是個(gè)打擊。(2)Flowerssoon________withoutwater.花如果沒有水很快就會(huì)死。(3)Theboy'slittlepetdogis________.Heisverysad.這個(gè)男孩的小寵物狗死了。他很傷心。deathdiedeadPERIOD16│考點(diǎn)突破·人教版5pride

n．得意；自豪[點(diǎn)撥]

pride的形容詞形式為proud“自豪的”，常用搭配：takepridein＝beproudof對(duì)……感到自豪/驕傲Theywereproudoftheirsuccess.＝Theytookprideintheirsuccess.他們對(duì)他們的成功感到驕傲?！と私贪?afraid

adj.害怕的[搭配]

beafraidtodosth害怕做某事beafraidofsb/sth/doingsth＝beterrifiedof…害怕某人/某事/做某事Theoldmanwasafraidtocrossthestreetalone.那位老人害怕一個(gè)人過馬路。Sheisafraidofherfather.她怕她父親。Shewasafraidofwakingherhusbandup,forhewasill.她唯恐吵醒她的丈夫，因?yàn)樗×?。Don'tbeterrified/afraidofthedark.不要害怕黑暗?！と私贪?cost,take,spend與pay[辨析]

(1)cost意思是“花費(fèi)(金錢)”，主語一般是物，sthcostsb＋money“某物花了某人……錢”。(2)take意思是“花費(fèi)(時(shí)間或金錢)”，主語一般為事物，常用it作形式主語，Ittakessbsometimetodosth“某人花一些時(shí)間做某事”。(3)spend意思是“花費(fèi)(時(shí)間或金錢)”。主語一般為人，常和介詞on/in搭配。spendsometime/somemoneyonsth花費(fèi)多長時(shí)間、多少金錢在某物(事)上；spendsometime/somemoney(in)doingsth花費(fèi)多長時(shí)間、多少金錢做某事。·人教版(4)pay意思是“花費(fèi)(金錢)”，主語一般為人，常和介詞for搭配，sb＋pay＋money＋forsth“某人買某物付……錢。”[注意]

(1)payfor付款，賠償(2)牢記這些動(dòng)詞的過去式和過去分詞spend—spent—spentpay—paid—paidcost—cost—costPERIOD16│考點(diǎn)突破·人教版活學(xué)活用(

)(1)—Michael，haveyoufoundoutthepriceoftheticket?—Yes.Eachticket________￥180.A．spends

B．costsC．buysD．pays(

)(2)—Whatanicewatch!Isityours?—Ofcourse.I________180yuanonit.A．costB．tookC．spentD．paidBCPERIOD16│考點(diǎn)突破·人教版8giveup放棄[點(diǎn)撥]

giveup后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。若賓語為代詞時(shí)，要用賓格且放在兩詞中間。Hegaveupsmokinglastyear.去年他戒了煙。[拓展]

后接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞短語：lookforwardtodoingsth渴望做某事beusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣于做某事feellikedoingsth想做某事cannothelpdoingsth忍不住做某事putoffdoingsth推遲做某事·人教版句型透視1Iusedtobeafraidofthedark.我過去怕黑。[點(diǎn)撥]

usedtodosth表示“過去常常做某事”，指過去常常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，而現(xiàn)在不再做了。Heusedtobecomeangry.他過去常常生氣。PERIOD16│考點(diǎn)突破·人教版[拓展]

(1)beusedtodoingsth表示“習(xí)慣于做某事”，to是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。(2)beusedtodosth＝beusedfordoingsth表示“被用來做某事”。Amyisusedtogettingupearly.艾米習(xí)慣早起。Knivesareusedtocutthings.＝Knivesareusedforcuttingthings.刀是用來切東西的。PERIOD16│考點(diǎn)突破·人教版活學(xué)活用(

)(1)He________beaquietboy.A．isusedto

B．usedtoC．wasusedtoD．gotusedto(

)(2)Everypossiblemeans________to

preventthewaterpollution，buttheriverisstillnotclean.A．hastouseB．a(chǎn)reusedC．hasbeenusedD．haveusedBCPERIOD16│考點(diǎn)突破·人教版Sometimestheyhavedisagreementsanddecidenottotalktoeachother.有時(shí)，他們意見不一致，并且決定互相不說話。[點(diǎn)撥]

decidetodosth決定干某事decidenottodosth決定不干某事makeadecision做決定Wealldecidedtogotherebybike.我們都決定騎自行車去那里。Theydecidednottobuythatbookbecauseit'stooexpensive.他們決定不買那本書了，因?yàn)樘F了。Studentsmadeadecisiontodohomeworkontime.＝Studentsdecidedtodohomeworkontime.學(xué)生們決定按時(shí)做作業(yè)。PERIOD16│考點(diǎn)突破·人教版3Andunlesswedealwithourproblems,wecaneasilybecomeunhappy.除非我們處理我們的問題，(否則)我們很容易變得不開心。[點(diǎn)撥]

unless相當(dāng)于if…not,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。Iwon'tmeetherunlessshecallsme.除非她給我打電話，否則我不會(huì)去見她。

活學(xué)活用(

)We'llgotothemountains________itrainstomorrow.A．if

B．unlessC．untilD．sinceBPERIOD16│考點(diǎn)突破·人教版高頻考點(diǎn)(

)1.Mygrandma________mefunnystorieswhenIwasachild.A．isusedtotellB．isusedtotellingC．wasusedfortellingD．wasusedtotelling(

)2.Theoldmanusedtobeahistoryteacher，________？A．isn'the

B．wasn'theC．didn'theD．useheCDPERIOD16│考點(diǎn)突破·人教版(

)3.Ourteachernevergivesup________us.A．helps

B．helpingC．helpedD．tohelp(

)4.Iwon'tbelievewhatyousaid________Iseeitbymyself.A．sinceB．whenC．becauseD．unlessBDPeriod17│[Units3-4,Book9]Period17[Units3-4,Book9]·人教版Period16

│基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)?詞匯專練Ⅰ.根據(jù)句意及首字母提示完成單詞1.StudentsreadEnglisha________everymorning.2.Americansspellsomewordsd__________

fromtheBritish.3.Thestudentshadt________ingettingtothetopofthehill.4.Pleasekeepthes________betweenyouandme.5.Myd________lifehaschangedalotsinceIenteredthisnewschool.·人教版loudifferently

roubleecret(s)ailyPeriod16

│基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)Ⅱ.根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子1.Studentsshouldpayattentiontotheir____________(發(fā)音)whentheyspeakEnglish.2.Thewomanisvery________(耐心的)withyoungchildren,andtheyalllikeher.3.Everyonewill________________(犯錯(cuò)誤)inlife.4.Mostoftheboysinourclasswanttobe________(士兵)．·人教版pronunciationpatientmakemistakessoldiersPeriod16│基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)5.Theradiosaysthatitwillbesunny________(以后)．6.Whenshewasalittlegirl，shewasafraidof

___________(游泳)．7.Themother________________(以……驕傲)herson'ssuccess.8.Wemustmakea________(決定)beforewegothere.·人教版lateronswimmingtakesprideindecisionPeriod16

│基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)Ⅲ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Hismother's________(die)madehisfamilybecomemoredifficult.2.Ican'timaginehowthelittleboymanagedtodoitallby________(he).3.Educationisoneofthemostimportantpartsofacountry's___________

(develop).4.Hecan________(easy)workoutthemathproblem.5.Manychildrenlikeeating________(candy).It'sbadfortheirteeth.6.Manygirlsareafraidof________(walk)aloneatnight.·人教版death

himselfdevelopmenteasilycandieswalkingPeriod16│基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)Ⅰ.根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子，每空一詞1.請(qǐng)根據(jù)這幾幅畫和你的同伴一起編一個(gè)新的對(duì)話。

Please________________anewconversationwithyourpartneraccordingtothepictures.2.在老師的幫助下，我們解決了這道難題。

________________________________theteacher，

wesolvedtheproblem.3.請(qǐng)不要嘲笑他。

Pleasedon't________________him.·人教版?句型專練makeupofWiththehelplaughatPeriod16│基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)4.實(shí)踐是學(xué)好一切本領(lǐng)的最佳途徑。

Practiceis_______________________tolearneverything.5.盡管那個(gè)老人已經(jīng)80歲了，但他仍然能自己做許多事。

________________theoldmanis80yearsold，

hecanstilldomanythingsbyhimself.6.我的生活在最近幾年發(fā)生了很大變化。

Mylife________________________________inthelastfewyears.7.我最終決定去大連。

________________________，Idecidedtogoto