新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)第89-90

Lesson89

Forsale本課內(nèi)容單詞學(xué)習(xí)課文講解練習(xí)日常用語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)練習(xí)作業(yè)單詞學(xué)習(xí)believe v.相信，認(rèn)為may 可以howlong 多長(zhǎng)since prep.自從why adv.為什么sell v.賣，出售because conj.因?yàn)閞etire v.退休cost v.花費(fèi)pound n.英鎊worth prep.值……錢penny n.便士★believev.相信，認(rèn)為，想believesb相信某人的話believeinsb.信任某人我不相信你說(shuō)的話。Idon’tbelieveyou.我們互相信任。Webelieveineachother.你應(yīng)該信上帝。YoushouldbelieveinGod.believethat……我認(rèn)為他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的Ibelievethatheishonest.believeitornot(口語(yǔ))Webelievethathewillsucceed.我們相信他會(huì)成功。Ibelievehimtobehonest.我認(rèn)為他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。believe/believein/trustbelieve表示“相信”、“信以為真”（toacceptastrue）之意，它是及物動(dòng)詞，其后直接跟賓語(yǔ)。例：Doyoubelievehisreports？你相信他的報(bào)告嗎？Icouldhardlybelievemyeyes．我?guī)缀醪荒芟嘈抛约旱难劬Αnancienttimesitwasbelievedthattheearthwasflat．古時(shí)候，人們認(rèn)為地球是扁平的。believein則表示“信仰”、“信任”（tohavefaithinsomebodyorsomething）之意。其后的常用搭配語(yǔ)為：有關(guān)宗教、理論、原則、概念及可信任之人，如：areligion、ghosts、fairies、atheory、afriend等詞；上例中的believe為不及物動(dòng)詞。如：Wedonotbelieveinghosts．我們不信鬼神。Hebelievesingettingplentyofexercise．他相信多鍛煉身體就會(huì)有好處。InthedaysoftheFrenchRevolution，peoplebelievedinliberty，equalityandfraternity．

['l?b?t?]

[?'kw?l?t?][fr?'t??n?t?]法國(guó)大革命時(shí)代的人們信奉自由、平等及博愛(ài)。trustvt.&vi.相信，信任;多表示相信某人的品德，為人和能力，側(cè)重人品Wehavealwaystrustedhim.我們一直都很相信他?，F(xiàn)在試比較下列兩語(yǔ)的不同涵義：Ibelievehim．（=Ibelievewhathesays）我相信他（的話）。Ibelieveinhim．（=Itrusthim）我相信他是一個(gè)可以信得過(guò)的人。（即：我信任他）在英美人的談話中，經(jīng)?？梢月?tīng)到這么一句口頭禪——Believeme：這是一個(gè)用以表示希望對(duì)方相信自己談話的口頭語(yǔ)，它相當(dāng)于Ibet或Takemywordforit。例：Believeme，youwillgetwellverysoon．你一定會(huì)很快就恢復(fù)健康的。Believeme可以根據(jù)不同的場(chǎng)合，譯作“真的”、“我不騙你”、“一定會(huì)”或“請(qǐng)相信”。summarybelieve后跟人或話語(yǔ)，表示相信某人的話。側(cè)重相信某人所說(shuō)的話/所做的事believein信任賓語(yǔ)有能力，能帶來(lái)福祉等。trust與believein意思差不多，但語(yǔ)氣較重，表示“深信不疑”。belive為相信，偏重對(duì)某事，在某件事上“相信”什么。trust為信任，偏重對(duì)人，對(duì)某人的人品的“信任”★sellv.賣，出售我把我的車賣給了他。Isoldmycartohim.我把我的車以5000元賣給了他。Isoldmycartohimfor5000yuan.★sale[seil]n.賣，促銷forsale待售，預(yù)售onsale打折salesman推銷員salesmanager銷售經(jīng)理★retire①v.退休；離職不久他將退休，結(jié)束其航海生涯。He’sgoingtoretiresoonfromthesea.②v.退出；退隱他周末通常退隱到他那個(gè)鄉(xiāng)間別墅生活Heoftenretirestohiscountryhouseatweekends.女士們離席退出，先生們則繼續(xù)喝酒聊天。Theladiesretired,andthegentlemenwentondrinkingandchatting.★costv.花費(fèi)（物體做主語(yǔ)）這件外套30美元Thecoatcosts$30.這個(gè)房子多少錢？Howmuchdoesthishousecost?payfor……我花了30美元買這件外套。Ipaid$30onthiscoat.spendon他花很多錢用于買書(shū)Hespendsalotofmoneyonbooks.★worth①prep.相當(dāng)于……價(jià)值，值……錢這條項(xiàng)鏈值多少錢？Howmuchisthenecklaceworth?everypennyofit確實(shí)值得……錢這件外套確實(shí)值這些錢。Thiscoatiswortheverypennyofit.②prep.具有……價(jià)值；值得beworthdoing值得……這本書(shū)值得一讀Tveone’sworth證明某人的價(jià)值★pennyTakecareofthepence,andthepoundswilltakecareofthemselves.留意小錢,大錢自來(lái);小事留意,大事自成Apennyforyourthoughts.你呆呆地在想些什么呢?Inforapenny,inforapound.既為一文錢,就為一貫錢;一旦開(kāi)始做,就做到底;一不做,二不休pencefromheaven天上掉下來(lái)的錢,意外的好運(yùn)retireV.退休

thepastform:

retired

retireda.退休的Mygrandpa__________________for25years.Hehasbeena________worker,hasbeenretiredretiredthepastparticiple

form:retiredHowtoremembertheword?Myfatheristootiredandhewantstoretire.句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Theyretiredin1996.They___________since_____/for_________.haveretired199614yearsforsalen.待售1.Thecoatisforsale.2.Thehandbagisforsale.3.Theshoesareforsale.4.Thetrousersareforsale.Conclusion:(1)thesingularform(thecoat,thehandbag)+is+forsale(2)thepluralform(trousers,shoes)+are+forsalecostv.花費(fèi)thepastform:costthepastparticiple

form:cost￥400￥

350￡68,500Howmuchisthishouse?Howmuchdoesthishousecost?Thehouseisforsale.Itcosts___.Theshoesareforsale.Theycost___.Thehandbagisforsale.Itcosts____.Doesthehousecost___?Dotheshoescost___?Doesthehandbagcost___?￡68,500It’swortheverypennyofit.prep.值……錢It’sworth￡68,500.It\They\Sthbeworth+price.1pound=pennies\pencepenny￡1≈￥9.8491pound100Exercise:1.that,be,worth,pairofshoes,￡322Thatpairofshoesisworth￡322.2.these,be,worth,shoes,￡322Theseshoesareworth￡322.Let’sfillintheblanks.Myfather-Ianhasjust______.Hewantstosellhishouse.Somyfather’shouseis___________.”Howmuchishishouse?”Ithas_____￡68,500.Butmyfatherbelievesthatit’s____every____ofit.retiredforsalecostworthpenny

NIGEL：Goodafternoon.Ibelieve

that

thisishouseisforsale.IAN:That'sright.beforsale有待出售Thishouseisforsale.beonsale打折Thedressesareonsale.動(dòng)詞：sell（sold,sold）聯(lián)想：salesman,salesmanagerbelieve+that從句Ibelievethatthisnewsiswrong.2.believe+sb.Don’tbelievehim,Jimmywillhelpus.聯(lián)想：believein=trust信任

NIGEL：MayIhavealookatit,

please？IAN：

Yes,ofcourse.Comein.MayI…?比較正式的提出請(qǐng)求。MayIcomein?（firsttime）較熟悉后就可說(shuō)：CanIcomein？24

NIGEL：Howlonghaveyoulivedhere？IAN：

I'veliveherefortwentyyears.NIGEL：Twentyyear！

That'salongtime.用完成時(shí)來(lái)表示持續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常和for,since連用。HowlonghaveyoustudiedinNewIdeaSchool?—I’vestudiedthereforfouryears.可延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有：live,be,study,teach,wait25

IAN：

Yes,

I'vebeenheresince1976.NIGEL：Thenwhydoyouwanttosellit？IAN：

BecauseI'vejustretired.Iwanttobuyasmallhouseinthecountry.26NIGEL：Howmuchdoesthishousecost？IAN：

$68,500.NIGEL：That’salotofmoney!IAN：It’swortheverypennyofit.=“Howmuchisthishouse?”cost：物作主語(yǔ)Thecoatdoesn’tcost50Yuan.2.spend：人作主語(yǔ)Ispent50Yuanonthiscoat.一分錢一分貨。第一個(gè)“it”指“house”，第二個(gè)“it”指“money”。27NIGEL：Well,

Ilikethehouse.butIcan'tdecideyet.Mywifemustseeitfirst.IAN：

Womenalwayshavethelastword.decidetodosth.=makeadecisiontodosth.makeupone’smind下定決心課文講解Ibelievethatthishouseisforsale.=Ithinkthat.../Isupposethat...賓語(yǔ)從句I’mafraidthat.../Ihopethat...我擔(dān)心我要遲到了。I’mafraidthatIwillbelate.我認(rèn)為到明年的這個(gè)時(shí)候我會(huì)升職的。IthinkthatIwillgetapromotionatthistimeofnextyear.forsale供出售，有待出售。onsale減價(jià)出售。MayIhavealookatit?havealookat=lookat看一看我想看一下那張地圖。Iwanttohavealookatthatmap.正式提出請(qǐng)求：MayI...?我能進(jìn)來(lái)嗎？MayIcomein?較為隨意的請(qǐng)求方法：CanI...?CanIcomein？-Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?-I’velivedherefortwentyyears.

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在?！癴or+時(shí)間段”是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。你在那個(gè)學(xué)校多久了？我在那里學(xué)習(xí)了2年了。-Howlonghaveyoustudiedinthatschool?-I’vestudiedtherefortwoyears.Howmuchdoesthishousecost?詢問(wèn)價(jià)格的常用語(yǔ)。cost的主語(yǔ)是物（花費(fèi)人多少錢）也可以說(shuō)Howmuchisthishouse?這些書(shū)多少錢？Howmucharethesebooks?Howmuchdothesebookscost?你那條裙子多少錢？Howmuchisyourdress?Howmuchdoesyourdresscost?cost、pay、spend和take的區(qū)別spend，cost，take和pay的區(qū)別是歷年中、高考試題的必考內(nèi)容之一，雖然它們都可以表示“花費(fèi)”，但用法卻不盡相同。

spend的主語(yǔ)必須是人，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)spendtime／moneyonsth.在……上花費(fèi)時(shí)間（金錢）。例：Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem.

這道數(shù)學(xué)題花了我兩個(gè)小時(shí)。(2)spendtime／money(in)doingsth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間（金錢）做某事。例：Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.

造這座橋花了他們兩年時(shí)間。(3)spendmoneyforsth.花錢買……。例：Hismoneywasspentforbooks.

他的錢用來(lái)買書(shū)了。cost的主語(yǔ)是物或某種活動(dòng)，還可以表示“值”，常見(jiàn)用法如下：(1)sth.costs(sb.)＋金錢

某物花了（某人）多少錢。例：Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.

買一臺(tái)新電腦要花一大筆錢。(2)(doing)sth.costs(sb.)＋時(shí)間,

某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少時(shí)間。例：Rememberingthesenewwordscosthimalotoftime.

他花了大量時(shí)間才記住了這些單詞。注意：cost的過(guò)去式及過(guò)去分詞都是cost,并且不能用于被動(dòng)句。take后面常跟雙賓語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)用法有以下幾種：(1)Ittakessb.＋時(shí)間＋todosth.

做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。例：Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.

他們用了三年時(shí)間修完了這條路。(2)doingsth.takessb.＋時(shí)間

做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。例：

Repairingthiscartookhimthewholeafternoon.

他花了一下午修車。pay的基本用法是：(1)pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付錢（給某人）買……。例：Ihavetopay(them)20poundsforthisroom

eachmonth.

我每個(gè)月要付20英磅的房租。(2)payforsth.付……的錢。例：Ihavetopayforthebooklost.

我不得不賠丟失的書(shū)款。(3)payforsb.替某人付錢。例：Don'tworry!

I'llpayforyou.

別擔(dān)心，我會(huì)給你付錢的。(4)paysb.付錢給某人。例:Theypayuseverymonth.

他們每月給我們報(bào)酬。（5）paymoneyback還錢。例：MayIborrow12yuanfromyou?I'llpayitbacknextweek.

你能借給我12塊錢嗎？下周還你。（6）payoffone'smoney還清錢。Summary(1)spend的主語(yǔ)通常是人，往往用于以下句型：（sb）spendsomemoney/sometimeonsth.(sb)spendsomemoney/sometime(in)doingsth.例如：Ispentfiftyyuanonthecoat.=Ispentfiftyyuan(in)buyingthecoat.我花50元買了這件大衣。Hespentthreedaysonthework.=Hespendthreedays(in)doingthework.我干這項(xiàng)工作用了3天。(2)take常用于“占用、花費(fèi)”時(shí)間，其主語(yǔ)通常為形式主語(yǔ)“it”或物。句式是：Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth＝Sth.takessb.sometime.例如：Ittookmethreeyearstodrawthebeautifulhorses.畫(huà)這些漂亮的馬花費(fèi)了我3年時(shí)間。Theworkwilltakemetwodays.這項(xiàng)工作花了2天時(shí)間。(3)pay為“付款、賠償”之意，主語(yǔ)通常是人，往往是sb.payssomemoneyforsth或paysb.(somemoneyforsth)

例如：Ipaidfiftyyuanforthecoat.

我花50元買了這件大衣。Hehaspaidthedoctor50poundsforthemedicine.

他買藥已付醫(yī)生50英鎊。Howmuchdidyoupayhim?

你付他多少錢？take一般用it做主語(yǔ)，

Ittakes+sb．+時(shí)間（或錢）todosth．

spend一般是人做主語(yǔ)，

sb.spend…onsth．/indoingsth．cost的主語(yǔ)必須是某物（doing）sth.costs(sb.)＋金錢/時(shí)間pay一般是人做主語(yǔ)，

往往是sb.payssomemoneyforsth

或paysb.(somemoneyforsth)It’swortheverypennyofit.前一個(gè)it代指house，后一個(gè)it代指money。Ican’tdecideyet.這里yet也可以用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)否定句中，表示“迄今仍未”。下定決心decidetodosth.makeupone’sminddeterminetodosth.我決定要去云南旅行。Womenalwayshavethelastword.注意這里的word是“話”的意思，不要寫(xiě)成words。havethelastword=havethefinalsay最后說(shuō)了算。老板總是最后說(shuō)的算的。Bossalwayshasthelastword.Lesson90

Haveyou...yet?practice模仿例句提問(wèn)，并做出否定回答。Hereadthisbooklastweek.Didhereadthisbooklastweek?Hedidn’treadthisbooklastweek.1.Thesunsetattwentypastseven.2.Heatehislunchatoneo’clock.3.Theydidtheirhomeworklastnight.2023/2/5Didthesunsetattwentypastseven?Itdidn’tsetattwentypastseven.Didheeathislunchatoneo’clock?Hedidn’teathislunchatoneo’clock.Didtheydotheirhomeworklastnight?Theydidn’tdotheirhomeworklastnight.4.Hecamebycarthismorning.5.Thesunroseathalfpastfive.6.Weswamacrosstheriveryesterday.模仿例句回答問(wèn)題。Didyoureadthisbooklastweek?Yes,Ireadthisbooklastweek.WhataboutPenny?Hehasn’treadthisbookyet.2023/2/5Didhecomebycarthismorning?Hedidn’tcomebycarthismorning.Didthesunriseathalfpastfive?Thesundidn’triseathalfpastfive.Didyouswimacrosstheriveryesterday?Wedidn’tswimacrosstheriveryesterday.1.Didyoudoyourhomeworklastnight?WhataboutTom?2.DidMrs.Jonesgotothebutcher’sthismorning?WhataboutMrs.Willams?2023/2/5Yes,Ididmyhomeworklastnight.Hehasn’tdonehishomeworkyet.Yes,shewenttothebutcher’thismorning.Shehasn’tbeenthereyet.3.Didyouspeaktohimyesterday?WhataboutSusan?4.DidGeorgeswimacrosstheriveranhourago?WhataboutSan?2023/2/5Yes,Ispoketohimyesterday.Shehasn’tspokentohimyet.Yes,heswamacrosstheriveranhourago.Hehasn’tswumacrosstheriveryet.5.Didyouseethatfilmyesterday?WhataboutSanandPenny?6.DidTomtakeoffhisshoesamomentago?WhataboutFrank?2023/2/5Yes,Isawthatfilmyesterday.Theyhaven’tseenthatfilmyet.Hehasn’ttakenhisshoesyet.Yes,hetookoffhisshoesamomentago.Homework:

1.聽(tīng)錄音三十分鐘2.朗讀背誦課87—883.聽(tīng)寫(xiě)87—88，錯(cuò)詞51114.完成87—88課的一課一練2023/2/5practice1Theyhavealreadyarrivedattheairport.2)ShehaslivedinBeijingsince2000.Theyhaven’tarrivedattheairportyet.Havetheyarrivedattheairportyet?Y