專題20-Unit2寫作與閱讀（教師版）-2021-2022學年英語初升高銜接大串講（牛津譯林版2020）

Unit2寫作與閱讀建議信.建議信是向收信人對某事提出寫信人的建議或忠告，可以是寫給個人的也可以是寫給單位或機構(gòu)的。.建議信要寫出提建議的理由、建議的內(nèi)容以及如果被采納可能會出現(xiàn)的積極結(jié)果。建議信的寫作要簡明扼要，目的明確，具有合理性和說服力。.建議信的寫作步驟：首段：表明寫作意圖，陳述事由。主體段落：應(yīng)該首先肯定對方的優(yōu)點，然后再寫需要改進的地方或針對具體情況提出具體建議或忠告。結(jié)尾段：對提出的建議進行總結(jié)，展望建議被采納后的良好結(jié)果并表達希望。常用表達：I'msorrytohearthatyouaregoingthrough...Itisnaturalthatmanyteenagers...Firstly,you'dbettercommunicatewithotherstudentsmoreoften.Secondly,joininactivitiesanddiscussionsheldinyourclass.Lastly,it'sagoodideaforyoutodo...Ihopetheadvicewillbeofgreathelptoyou.I'msurethatyouwillcheerupandsolvetheproblem...寫作模板Dear（收信人），Iunderstandyourfeelings.（陳述事由）.Butdon'tbeunhappy.Trythesepiecesofadviceandseeiftheyhelp.First,（第一條建議）.（第一條建議的理由）.Second,（第二條建議），forexample（第二條建議的理由）.Besides,（第三條建議）.Ihopeyouwillfindmyadvicehelpful.Iwishyouall（hebest（祝愿）.Yours,（寫信人）假如你是李華，你的好朋友Mary因搬家換了一所新學校，因不知如何結(jié)交新朋友而感到苦惱。請你根據(jù)下面的提示寫一封建議信。.表示理解與同情；.提出建議；.表達祝愿。注意：1.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出；2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。第一步審題謀篇［審題］寫作要求是寫一封建議信，寫作時應(yīng)注意下面幾點：.確定文體：這是一封建議信。寫作時應(yīng)注意建議信的寫作特點。.主體時態(tài)：文章應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時為主。.主體人稱：由于是寫一封建議信，所以人稱應(yīng)該以第二人稱和第三人稱為主。［謀篇］第一段：開門見山，引入主題。第二段：具體提出建議。第三段：進行總結(jié)，表示祝愿。第二步遣詞造句［核心詞匯］.做某事有困難havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth..沒有必要做某事Thereisnoneedtodosth..和交流communicatewilh.接受某人的建議takesb.'sadvice［連詞成句］.沒有必要擔心結(jié)交新朋友。Thereisnoneedlobeanxiousabouimakingnewfriends..許多青少年發(fā)現(xiàn)他們在新的環(huán)境中遇到同樣的情況。Manyteenagersfindtheymeetthesamesituationwheninanewenvironment..你最好接受我的建議。You'dbettertakemyadvice..這個問題很容易解決。Theproblemiseasylosolve.第三步句式升級.用原因狀語從句合并句1、2Thereisnoneedtobeanxiousaboutmakingnewfriends,becausemany【eenagersfind【heymeelihesamesituationwheninanewenvironment..用條件狀語從句合并句3、4Theproblemiseasylosolve,ifyoulakemyadvice.第四步組句成篇用適當?shù)倪^渡詞語，把以上詞匯和句式，再加上聯(lián)想內(nèi)容，組成一篇英語短文。【答案】DearMary,I'msorrytohearthatyouarehavingtroublemakingnewfriendsinyournewschool.Thereisnoneedtobeanxiousaboutmakingnewfriends,becausemanyteenagersfindtheymeetthesamesituationwheninanewcnvironincnt.Theproblemiseasytosolve,ifyoutakemyadvice.Firstofalbcommunicatewithyourclassmatesmoreoften.Asitmayhelpyoudevelopacloserelationshipwiththem.Besides?whynotjoininactivitiesanddicussionsheldinyourclass?IfyoudoIhis,youcanmakefriendseasily.Lastbutnotleast?itisagoodideatohelpotherswheneverpossible.Hopemyadvicewillbeofgreathelptoyou.Yours，LiHua閱讀天天練閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ASunriseHikeSaturday,October21,6:45am—7:45amEnjoysunrisefromthehilltopasyoulearnaboutwildlife,plants,historyandforest.Ages8andup；under18withanadult.Toregister（報名）byphone,call630-933-7248.Meetin（heparkinglotonthewestsideofGreeneRoadsouthof79thStreet.Dressfortheweather,wearcomfortableshoesandbringwater.TrickOrTreatSaturday,October28,9:00am—11I30amYouandyourfamilyareinvitedtojointheYMCAforaHalloweenhikeupBadgerMountain!MakesuretowearyourHalloweencosiumes（戲裝）！Freeshirtsforthefirst200kidsregistered.Remembertotakeawayyourshirtby11:30amoritwillbegivenaway.Cost：TrickOrTreatisaFREEevent.DiscoveryHikeThursday,October26,1:00pm—4:00pm;Ages3—8Fallispumpkintime.Listentoapumpkinstoryandlearnhowpumpkinsgrow.Thenwewillheadoutonthepathinsearchofalittlepumpkinjustforyouandmaybe,wewillfindthegreatpumpkinalongtheway.Cost：$7perchild.HarvestDayCampMonday,October31,8:00am—5*00pmHarvestCampisanopportunityforchildrenaged5-13tofindthewonderofautumnatKeystoneScienceSchoolandenjoyallthefuntheHalloweenseasonoffers.We'llexplorethewaysournaturalenvironmenthaschangedfromsummertofall.Asalways,ourprogrammingisfocusedonbuildingskills,knowledgeandconfidcnce.Cost：S0.00.語篇解讀這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章介紹了在秋季，為孩子們準備的一些有趣的活■布Whatdotheseactivitieshaveincommon?Theyaredesignedonlyforchildren.Theyarcheldinamountain.TheyaretocelebrateHalloween.Theyalltakeplaceinautumn.D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由“Saturday,October21；Saturday,October28；Thursday,October26：Monday,October31”可知，這些活動有一個共同點，就是都在秋天舉行，故選D。Inwhichactivitymightchildrengetfreeclothes?SunriseHike.DiscoveryHike.HarvestDayCamp.TrickOrTreat.D(解析】細節(jié)理解題。由TrickOrTreat中的“Freeshirtsforthefirst200kidsregistered.“可知，在TrickOrTreat活動中，孩子們可能會獲得免費的衣服，故選D。WhatcanchildrendoonthelastdayofOctober?Listentoapumpkinstory.Hikewiththeirparents.Enjoythebeautyofautumn.Learnaboutwildlifeandforest.C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章最后的“Monday,October3l,,^Ut4We,llexplorethewaysournaturalenvironmenthaschangedfromsummertofall”可知，我們將探索自然環(huán)境從夏季到秋季的變化。由此可知，在10月的最后一天，孩子們可以欣賞秋天的美麗，故選C。BHaveyoueverthoughtoftakingatrainandhavinganadventure?Ridingthetraincanbearealadventure.ThatishowIfeeleverytimeI(akeAmtrak.Ioften(akeafbur-hourtriptovisitmychildren.EverylimeItakethistripIneverknowwhatwillhappen.LastweekwhenIwasonthetrainandoveranhourintothetrainride,therewasamansittingbyhimselfinthebackofthetraincarryingonamobilephoneconversation—inanotherlanguage.ltwasloudanddisturbedmostofthepeopleonthetrain.!thinkitwasannoying.Fortunately,Isatnexttoawonderfuloldladywhowastakingatwo-daytripbytrain.Shesaidhertwodaughtersweredistraughtatthethoughtofherdrivingforthreedaystoreachherhome,althoughshehadnotroubledriving.Thetrainridewastheonlychoiceforher.Shelovedtolookoutofthewindowandwatchtheworldgobyon(hetrain.Shewasfuntotalktoandaskedmewhenmychildrenstartedbeingparents.Thatisaverygoodquestion.Bothofusareoldandhavechildren.Sheaskedthatsamequestionfromtimetotime.Therearealwaysmanypeopleonthetrainfromallwalksoflife,differentcountries,andmanylanguages.Ridingthetrainisagreatwaytoincreaseyourknowledgeandtakeinallkindsofcultures.Ifyougethungry,youcanbuyfoodin(hefoodcaratanytime.Ifyouneedtousetherestroomthereisalwaysoneavailable.Itsurebeatsdrivingthecar,whichhastostopforfoodandrestrooms.Anditisbetterthantakingthebus.語篇解讀作者在本文中介紹了乘坐火車時的經(jīng)歷，認為乘坐火車是一次很好的文化體驗。Accordingto(hepassage,thepurposeoftheauthor^trainridewas.todobusinesstoseeherchildrentovisitplacesofinteresttoseeheroldfriendsB【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句"Ioftentakeafour-hourtriptovisitmychildren.”可知，作者坐火車去看望孩子們。故選B。Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“distraughi"inParagraph3?A.Disappointed.B.Satisfied.C.Worried.D.Pleased.C【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句可知，此處句意為：雖然老太太開車沒有問題，但是兩個女兒一想到她要開車三天才到家，就會感到。根據(jù)常識可知，此處意為“擔心”。故選C。WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheoldladysittingnexttotheauthor?Sheistoooldtodrivenow.Shedoesnotliketotaketrains.Althoughsheisold?shehasagoodmemory.Herdaughterslivefarawayfromherhome.D［解析］推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“althethoughtofherdrivingforthreedaystoreachherhome”可推知，女兒們住得很遠。故選D。Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?TrainRide—ACulturalExperienceAPainfulExperienceontheTrainTheHistoryofAmtrakAWonderfulLadyA【解析】標題歸納題。根據(jù)全文的介紹以及倒數(shù)第二段第二句"Ridingthetrainisagreatwaytoincreaseyourknowledgeandtakeinallkindsofcultures.”可知，本題答案為A。CYourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff.Youcanmakeyourenvironmentworkforyouinsteadofagainstyou.Herearesomewaystoturnyourhomeintopartofyourdietplan.Openthecurtainsandturnupthelights.Darkenvironmentsaremorelikelytoencourageovereating,forpeoplearcoftenlessself-conscious（難為情）whenthey'reinpoorlylitplaces—andsomorelikelytocatlotsoffood.Ifyourhomedoesn'thaveenoughwindowlight,getmorelampsandfloodtheplacewithbrightness.Mindthecolors.Researchsuggestswarmcolorsfuelourappetites.Inonestudy?peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.Warmcolorslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing,whilecoldcolorsmakeusfeellesshungry.Sowhenit'stimetorepaint,goblue.Don'tforgettheclock-ortheradio.Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories（卡路里）permealthanthosewhorushthroughtheirmcals.Beginkeepingtrackofthetime,andtrytomakedinnerlastatleast30minutes.Andwhileyou'reatit,actuallysitdowntoeat.Ifyouneedsomehelpslowingdown>turnonrelaxingmusic.ltmakesyoulesslikelytorushthroughameal.Downsizethedishes.Bigservingbowlsandplatescaneasilymakeusfat.Weeatabout22percentmorewhenusinga12-inchplateinsteadofa10-inchplate.Whenwechoosealargespoonoverasmallerone?totalintake（攝入）jumpsby14pcrccnt.Andwe'llpourabout30percentmoreliquidintoashort,wideglassthanatalkskinnyglass.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。當你在家里吃飯的時候，有沒有擔心自己吃得越來越多，正在變胖？快來看看吧，家里的環(huán)境，包括窗戶和燈的亮度、墻壁的顏色以及吃飯的速度等都可以影響你的飲食。也許使你肥胖的罪魁禍首就在你的家里！Thetextisespeciallyhelpfulfor（hosewhocareabout.A.theirhomecomfortsB.theirbodyshapeC.housebuyingD.healthydietsB【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章首句“Yourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.”以及下面幾個段落中提到的建議可知，本文是關(guān)于如何不變胖的，所以那些“關(guān)心自己體形的人”會覺得本文特別有幫助，故選B項。Ahomeenvironmentinbluecanhelppeople.A.digestfoodbetterB.reducefoodintakeC.burnmorecaloriesD.regaintheirappetitesB【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“…peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom”可知，人們在藍色的房間里吃飯，要比在黃色或者紅色的房間里少吃33%的食物，故B項“減少食物攝入量”正確。1（）.Whatarepeopleadvisedtodoatmealtimes?A.Eatquickly.B.Playfastmusic.C.Usesmallerspoons.D.Turndownthelights.C［解析］細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后?段中的“Whenwcchoosealargespoonoverasmallerone,totalintake（攝入）jumpsby14percent”可知，應(yīng)使用較小的湯匙，故C項正確。11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?IsYourHouseMakingYouFat?WaysofServingDinnerEffectsofSeif-ConsciousnessIsYourHomeEnvironmentRelaxing?A【解析】標題歸納題。短文首句即為主題句：房子可能影響住戶的身材。接下來介紹了墻壁的顏色、房間的亮度、吃飯的速度以及吃飯時使用的器皿大小等都與一個人的身材有關(guān)。因此A項“你的房子正在讓你發(fā)胖嗎？”最適合作文章的標題。第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Everybodygetsangry,butoui-of-controlangerisn'tgoodforyouor（hosearoundyou.Soherearefivesimplestrategiestohelpyoulearnhowtomanageyouranger：,Relax.Breathedeeply,fromyourstomach.1Repeatittoyourselfandvisualizearelaxingtimeandexperience.Changethewayyouthink.Whenyou'reangry,yourthinkingcangetexaggeraled（夸大的）.2Forinstance,insteadoftellingyourself,“Oh,it'sterrible!Everything'sruined,tellyourself?"It'sunderstandablethatFmupsetaboutit,butit'snottheendoftheworld.^^3Statementslike“Thisneverworks."or"You'realwaysforgettingthings.,,willmakeyoufeelyourangerisjustified（合乎情理的）andthere'snowaytosolvetheproblcm.Thcymightupsetpeoplewhomightbewillingtoworkwithyouonasolution.Haveabettercommunication.Angrypeopletendtojumptoconclusions.Ifyouareinaheateddiscussion,slowdown.4Andtakeyourtimebeforeanswering.Insteadofsayingthefirstthingthatcomesintoyourhead,thinkcarefullyaboutwhatyouwanttosay.,Usehumor.Psychologistssaythathighlyangrypeopletendtothink“thingsoughttogomyway!”“Sillyhumor”canhelpyougetamorebalancedperspective.So,whenyoufeelthatangercomingthenexttime,pictureyourselfasakingorqueen,walkingaround,admiredbyeverybody,andgettingyourownwayineverysituation.Thcmoredetailyoucangetintoyourimaginaryscenes,themorelikelyitistoputasmileonyourface.5A.Becarefulwithwordslike“never"or"always”.Listencarefullytowhattheotherpersonissaying.Tryreplacingthesethoughtswithmorereasonableones.Avoidusingthesestrategieswhenyou'reinatensesituation.Thenslowlyrepeatacalmwordorphrasesuchas"lakeiteasy”.Trychangingthetopicssoyourtalkswon'tturnintoarguments.Thatwillhelpyourealizethatthethingsyou'reangryaboutarcreallynotveryimportant.語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章就如何管理自己的憤怒給出了五條建議。E【解析】E項(然后慢慢地重復(fù)一個詞或一句話，例如“放輕松和下文“Repeatittoyourselfandvisualizearelaxingtimeandexperience.”承接自然，該句的“it”指代E項中的“acalmwordorphrase”，且兩句中的repeat屬于原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選E項。C【解析】C下文的“舉個例子來說，不要告訴你自己，太糟糕了！一切都毀了！\而要說，我對它感到失落是可以理解的，但這絕對不是世界末日?？芍珻項(嘗試用更合理的想法代替被夸大的想法)承接自然，故選C項。A【解析】A項(小心使用“從不”或“總是”這樣的詞)和下文“像，這是沒用的，或者，你總是忘記事情，的說法會讓你覺得你的憤怒是合乎情理的并且沒有辦法解決這個問題''承接自然，該句是對答案的進一步說明。故選A項。B【解析】B項(仔細聽別人說了什么)和下文“在回答之前慢慢來”承接自然。先仔細聽，然后再回答，符合事情的發(fā)展邏輯和語境。故選B項。G【解析】上文“你放入想象場景里的細節(jié)越多，你就越有可能面帶微笑”和G項(這會幫你意識到你所生氣的事其實并沒有那么重要)承接自然，符合語境，G項中的that指代前文提到的幽默方式。故選G項。第三節(jié)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinaheldameeting1.TuesdaymorningattheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijingtopraiserolemodelsinthecountry'sfightagainsttheCOVID-19epidemic.TheMedaloftheRepublicwasconferredonafamousrespiratorydiseaseexpertZhongNanshan.Thc2.(nation)honoraryliile,“ihePeople'sHero,“wasconferredonZhangBoli,3-expertwhowasresponsiblefortheresearchoftheCOVID-19treatmentplan4.(combine)traditionalChinesemedicineandWesternmedicine,ZhangDingyu,headofWuhanJinyintanHospital>andChenWei,amilitarymedical