2023年電大學位英語試卷及參考答案

北京地區(qū)成人本科學士學位英語統(tǒng)一考試2023.１１．０5ＰａrｔⅠReadinｇCｏmｐｒehension(30%)Direｃtｉons:Thｅreａreｔhrｅeｐassagesinｔhisparｔ.Eａｃhpaｓsａgｅisｆｏｌloweｄbysomｅqueｓtｉonsｏｒｕｎfinisheｄstatemeｎtｓ.FｏreacｈofｔheｍthｅreａｒefourchｏicesmarkedA，B，CａndD.YｏｕshoｕlddｅcidｅonthebestchoiceaｎdｂｌａckentｈｅcoｒrｅｓpondingｌetｔerontｈeＡnswerSheeｔ。Pasｓaｇe1Quｅstｉons1ｔo５ａｒebaｓedｏｎthｅfolｌowｉngpａssage:TherefｌeｃtiveｔoｗersofＮewYorkCiｔｙ,wｈicｈisonｔheＡｔlａnticmｉgratｉnｇ(遷徙的)ｒoute,ｃanbｅdeadｌyforbiｒds.“Welｉｖｅinanageｏfｇlasｓ,”saidＭs.Lａurel,ａｎarｃhitect。(76)“Itcanbｅaperfeｃｔmirrorｉncertainlｉghts，andthｅｌarｇertheglaｓｓ，ｔhemoreｄａnｇerｏusｉｔiｓ?！保羈out90,000biｒdｓａrekillｅdｂｙflyiｎｇinｔobｕｉldｉnginｔｈeｃityeachｙear．Ofｔen,ｔhｅyｓtrikethelｏwｅrlｅvｅlsofglaｓstｏwｅrｓafteｒsｅaｒcｈｉngforfoodinneaｒbypaｒkｓ.Sucｈcrashesａrｅtheseｃoｎd－leadinｇcausｅofdeａt(yī)ｈfｏrmigｒaｔingbｉｒds，afterhabitat(棲息地）ｌｏss,withanｅstimａt(yī)ednｕmberofｄeaｔｈrangiｎguptｏａｂillionayeａr。(7７)Asgｌａssｏffiｃeandapartmｅnttowerｓhａveincｒeａsedintｈeｌａstdecａde,so,tｏo，hａveｃallｓtoｍakethemlｅsｓdｅaｄlｙtobirdｓ.SａnFrancｉsｃｏａdoptedbird-safｅｔystａndardｆornewbuiｌdinｇｉnＪuly.ＴｈeＵnitｅdStaｔesＧrｅeｎBuildingCｏｕncil,anｏnproｆｉtindusｔｒygrouｐthatｅncouragesｔhｅcｒeatｉonofenvironmｅntalｌycoｎsciousbuildｉｎgｓ,willｉntrodｕceａbird-safetycredｉttｈｉsaｓpａrtｏｆｉtseｎvirｏnｍentalcertifiｃatioｎproｃeｓs。Therｅareｎｏeaｓyfixeｓ,hoｗever.Afewresｅａrcｈerｓａｒeexｐloｒiｎgglassdesiｇnsthatuｓｅuｌtravioleｔ（紫外線的)sｉgnａls,buttheyarｅｓtｉlliｎtｈeiｒｉnfancy．Cｏvers,doｔｐaｔterｎｓ,ｓhadesanｄnetaretｈemaiｎoｐtｉonｓavailaｂle。Ofteｎ,onlyoneｓeｃtionofabuildingneｅdsｔoｂｅｃhａnged.“Ｙｏuｄon’tneceｓsａrilｙhavetoｔｒｅａｔevｅｒywindoｗ,”Ms．Lａurｅlsaid.“Iｔｗouｌdｂetoｏｅxpenｓivetoｄothｅwholebuiｌdiｎg?！盩heＪａｃob1．

Whａt(yī)ｉｓthemaｉｎideａｏftheｐａssage？Ａ.ＮewYorｋｉsacityoｆglasｓtｏwｅｒｓ。B.Ｇｌasstowｅrarｅdaｎgeｒoｕsfｏrmigｒatinｇbiｒｄs。C.NｅｗYｏrkadopｔeｄnewsafetysｔandardsfoｒｂuildingｓ。Ｄ．ＧlａｓｓtｏweｒsareaｎｅwtrendｉntheUnitedStates。2.Whatisthｅnuｍberonecauseoｆｄeatｈfｏｒmigrａｔingbｉrdｓ?A.Cｌｉmateｃhangｅ

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B.ExplａnatioｎsC.Soluｔions

Ｄ.Ｄeｖelｏpmｅｎts4.____＿arｅusｅｄｉntｈealterationofthｅＪacobＫ.JaｖiｔsConveｎtionＣenｔer。Ａ．Dｏtpattｅｒｎｓ

B.Sｈades

Ｃ．Ｎｅts

Ｄ.Covers5．WhichoｆtｈefowlinｇsｔatｅｍenｔｓisＴRUEaccordingtothepassagｅ?Ａ．Inmaｎyｃases,thewｈoｌｅｂｕildinｇneeｄｓtobealteredtopreventbirdcrａｓｈes。Ｂ．TheＪａcｏbK.ＪａｖitsConveｎtiｏnＣentｅristhｅｆirstbuiｌdｉｎgtodealwithｔheｐrobｌeｍoｆbiｒｄcｒａshes。C.Ａbｏut９0，0０0biｒｄsarekiｌlｅdduetｏhａbｉｔatloｓsiｎNewYｏrkCityｅachｙeａr。Ｄ.Unfortuｎａt(yī)ely，glaｓsｄesｉgnstｈatuseuｌtraｖiolｅtsｉgｎａlsarestｉllｉntheireａrlｙｓｔages。答案1-5

CBＣAD

Ｐasｓagｅ２Question６to１0arｅbａsedｏnthｅfoｗｌiｎｇｐassａge:Today’sstudenｔｓhavｅgrownｕｐheａrｉngmorｅabouｔBillＧａt(yī)ｅsｔhanＦ.D．Ｒ．,andｔheylｉvｅiｎａworldｗhereamazinginnovaｔｉonｓ（革新)arecｏｍmon.Thecurrenｔ1８-year-ｏlds,afteｒａll,weｒｅ８ｗhenGooglｅwasfoｕndeｄbytｗostudｅnｔsatStａｎford;MarkＺuｃkerbergfoundedFaceｂｏoｋin202３whileｈｅwaｓHarｖardandtheywｅｒeentｅｒinｇｈighschｏol.Hａvinggroｗnupdｉgital（數(shù)字的)，theyareimpａt(yī)iｅnttogｅtｏnｗｉｔhlife。Theeａｓiestwaytoｆindｋｉdsｌiｋetheseｉｓｔocheckinoｎｅntrｅpｒeneurshｉp(公司家才干)eｄuｃａt(yī)iｏn，inｗhｉchcollｅgesanduｎiversiｔiｅstrｙtoprｅｐａreｔheirｓtudeｎｔstｏrecogｎｉzｅｏppｏｒｔuｎitｉｅｓanｄseizｅｔhem。ＡreportpublishedｌasｔｙearbytheKauffmanFouｎｄatiｏn,whichfinａncesproｇramstｏprｏmｏtｅinnovationoｎｃampuseｓ,noteｄｔｈａt(yī)morｅthan50,000ｅntｒeprｅｎeurｓhipprogramsareｏffｅredoｎtwo-andｆｏuｒ-ｙearcamｐuｓes—upfromjust250couｒsｅsin198５．LesaMｉtchelｌ,aＫaｕffmaｎｖｉceprｅsｉｄent,saystｈａt(yī)ｔhefoｕnｄationiｓextendingtherｅachofitｓａｃadｅmｉcinｆluenｃｅ,ｗhiｃhuseｄtobｅfoundoｎlｙinbusinesssｃhools．Noｗ,tｈeconcｅptofentｒepreｎeｕｒsｈipisbloomｉngｉｎenｇineeｒiｎgprogrａmsandmｅｄｉｃａlschool,anｄeｖｅniｎtheｌiｂｅraｌarts.“Ourｉnterestisthepｒｏgrams,”ｓhesays．“Wenｅedtoｓprｅaｄｏutｆrｏmthebusinesssｃhｏol?！盓iｔherasclasｓprｏjectsoｒonthｅirown,stuｄeｎtsinavarietyoｆmajｏrsarｅｃomiｎｇupwithｉdeaｓ,writingbusinessplaｎsａnｄｓeeiｎgthｅmthroughtopｒotoｔｙpｅand,oftｅｎ，ｍarket.Inｔheirｓpareｔime，ｓtuｄeｎtsiｎａgｒiｃuｌturalecoｎｏmicsaｔPurdｕeｉｎveｎtnewusesfｏrbean;inｄustｒialdeｓiｇｎmajｏrsatSyracuｓe，inspecｉallabｏｒatory,ｃreatｅｗearaｂletechnoｌｏgｉes。(78)Theeｎtrepreｎeｕrｓhipmoveｍenthasitscriｔｉcｓ,ｅｓpeciallyamｏngthosｅwｈoseeｃollegｅasａt(yī)imeforextensiveaｃademicｅｘｐloration.“Iｊustdoｎ’tthinkthatentrｅprｅnｅuｒｓｈipraｎkssohigｈinteｒｍsｏｆnａt(yī)ｉonａlneed，”ｓａysDaｎielS.Greenbｅrg,auｔhorofSｃiｅncefｏrｓale:Theｐerils,ＲeｗaｒｄsandＤelusiｏnsofＣampusCapｉtaliｓｍ。ＬeoｎardA.Schｌeｓinｇｅｒ,Babsｏn6.WｈenＧooglｅaｎdFacｅboｏkwｅreesｔabｌished，thｅfoundｅrｓｗerestill__＿＿_。A.iｎhighschool

Ｂ.inthｅaｒｍyＣ.inpｒimaryscｈool

D．atcoｌlege7．Accorｄingtoｔhｅpassage,whａt(yī)ｉsthemainpuｒposeoｆeｎtreprenｅuｒｓhｉcatｉon?Ａ.ＴｏprｅparestudentsforfutureacaｄemicｌifeB．Ｔoｐrｅpａresｔudentstofinｄoppｏrｔunitieｓaｎｄseizetｈem。C.Topreparｅstudentsforoveｒseasｃａreer。D.Topreｐaｒesｔuｄenttodevelｏｐｉntｅrｐersｏnalsｋills。8.Thewoｒｄ“pｒｏtｏtype”inthefoｕrtｈparaｇｒaphismostlｉkeｌytomean＿____。A.mｏdel

Ｂ.straｔegyＣ.ｍｅthoｄ

D.staｇe９.ＷhatdoesDａnieｌＳ.Ｇrennｂeｒｇthinkofentreｐｒeneurshipeｄuｃation?A．Entrepreneurship,ｏrａt(yī)lｅａstcｅrtａineｌementsoｆit,ｃanｂetａughｔ。B.Anentrｅpｒeneｕｒshipprｏgrａmcanhelpｓtudenｔsｆinｄwhａt(yī)ｔheyreallｙliｋｅａndeｎtrepｒenｅurshｉpisn’talｌaboｕtbｕｓiness。C．Entrepｒenｅｕrshipshouldbｅspｒeａdacrossdifｆｅｒeｎｔｆiｅlds。D.Ｃoｌlegeｓshouldｎ’tpuｔtooｍucheｍphaｓｉｓoｎeｎtrepreneｕｒshipｐｒograms。１０.Whatiｓtｈemainideaoｆthｅpａｓｓａgｅ?A.Entreprenｅursｈipｃｏuｒsesｉnｂusinesｓｓchools。Ｂ.Ｑuａlｉtｉeｓｏfanｅnｔrepｒenｅｕｒ。C．Ｅntreｐrｅｎeurshipedｕcatｉoniｎｃollｅges。D.Kidｓiｎthｅiｎｆｏrmatiｏnage。 答案６-１0

ＡBAＤCPassage3Ｑuｅsｔion１１ｔo１５areｂａｓedｏｎtｈeｆollowingｐaｓsａge:Regretisasｃoｍｍonaneｍｏtiｏnasｌoveｏrfｅaｒ,andｉｔcanbenearlyasｐｏwerful.Ｓｏ,inaneｗpaｐer,ｔworｅsｅaｒchｅrssetaboｕttryｉｎｇtofiｎdｏutwhａt(yī)thetypｉcalAmericａnrｅgretsｍost.Intｅlephonｅｓurvｅys,ＮeａlRoｓｅ,apｓycｈologistandpｒoｆesｓorｏｆmarｋetｉｎｇａt(yī)thｅScｈoolｏｆＭaｎａｇeｍｅｎｔatNorthwｅsternUniverstiy，anｄMｉkeMorｒisｏｎ,adoｃtorａlｃandidateinpｓycｈｏlｏgyatUniｖｅrsiｔyofIllｉnoｉｓ,askｅｄ370Amｅricaｎｓ,ａged19to103,totalkabouttheｉrmosｔｎotabｌeregret.Parｔicipantsweｒeaｓｋｅdwhattheregreｔwas,wｈeｎithapｐened,wｈｅｔheriｔwaｓaｒesｕｌtofsomethiｎgtｈeyｄidordidn’tdo,aｎdwhetｈerｉｔwａssｏmetｈingthatcouｌdｓtillbefixed。Tｈemostｃｏmmonｌymｅｎtｉｏnedregretｉｎvolｖeｄｒｏmanｃe(浪漫的事)(1８％）－---loｓtlovesoｒunｆulfｉｌlｅdrｅlａt(yī)ｉonshipｓ．Familyrｅｇｒetsｃａｍeinsecond(1６%），ｗhｉtpeoplestilｌfeelingｂａｄｌyabｏuｔbｅｉｎgunkindtotheirbrｏtｈeｒｓｏrsｉsteｒｓinｃhildｈood．Oｔherfｒeqｕeｎtlyrｅpｏrｔedregretｓinvoｌveｄcareer(13%）

,ｅducａｔiｏn（１2%),ｍoney（1０%)andpareｎtｉｎg(９^%)。RoseanｄＭorｒison’sstudy,whichｉｓtoｂeｐｕblishedinsｏcialｐsycｈｏlogiｃaｌaｎdpersonalｉtyscｉeｎｃe，issiｇnificaｎｔiｎthatitsuｒveyedawiderangeoftheAmｅrｉｃanｐｕbｌiｃ,incｌuｄingpeｏｐleoｆallaｇesａndsocio-eｃｏnomｉcａndeducａt(yī)ionalbacｋgｒoｕnｄs.Ｐreviｏuｓｓtudiesｏnｒｅｇrethaveｆoｃuｓｅdｌａrgelyｏncoｌｌegestuｄents,wｈopredｉｃｔａblｙｔeｎdｔｏhavｅeducaｔion-fｏcｕｓedregrｅts，lｉkewishｉｎgtheｙhａdｓtｕdieｄｈａｒderoradｉｆfereｎtｍaｊor.Tｈeneｗsｕｒｖeｙsｈoｗsｔhaｔｉnthelargerｐopulation,apｅｒsoｎ’smaｊor．Theｎeｗｓurveyｓhoｗsthatintｈｅlargeｒpopuｌaｔiｏn,aｐerson’s“l(fā)ｉfecircumｓｔanｃeｓ—acｃoｍｐlishmenｔs，ｓhoｒtcomings,sｉｔuaｔiｏniｎlｉfｅ—injectｃｏｎsideｒａblｅfｕelintｏｔhefｉresｏｆregret,”tｈeauｔｈorｓｗrｉte。（79）Peoｐleｗitｈlesｓeｄｕcatioｎ,fｏrinsｔancewｅrｅmorelikelytoreporｔeducatiｏnregret.Peｏｐlewiｔhhigｈerlｅvelsoｆeducａt(yī)iｏnhadtｈemｏsｔcareｅrregretｓ．Andthoｓｅｗithnoroｍanticparｔnerｔendedtｏholdreｇretｓrｅgａrdｉｎgｌove.Broｋenｄoｗn(分解、細分)bysｅx,ｍorewoｍen(44%)ｔｈａnmen(19%）hadrｅgrｅtsabｏuｔｌｏveａndfaｍily-－－-ｎotｓuｒpｒisｉng,sinｃeｗｏmeｎ“vaｌuesociaｌreｌａt(yī)ｉoｎshipsmoretｈaｎmen,”theauthorswrite．Inconｔｒａｓt,mｅn（34%)wｅremorｅlikelｙthanｗomｅn(27%)tomeｎtiｏnｗorｋ－relａt(yī)edrｅgrets,wishiｎｇｔhｅy’ｄcｈｏsenadifferentｃaｒeｅrpａｔh,forinｓｔaｎcｅ,oｒfｏllowｅdtheirpassｉon。(８0)Ｍanypaｒｔiｃipantsａlsoｒeｐortedwisｈingthｅyｈadｗorkeｄlesstoｓpenｄｍoreｔimewｉtｈｔhｅirｃhiｌdren。Ｔhｅrewasaｎeｖensplitbｅtweeｎregretｓaboutinactioｎ(notdｏｉngsomething)ａnｄａｃｔion(dosomethingyｏuｗｉshyｏudidn’t).Bｕt,likeprevｉoussｔｕｄｉes,thecｕrreｎtrｅsｅarchｆoｕnｄtｈatsomｅregretsaｒemorelｉkeｌytｈａnｏtheｒｓtopｅrsｉstoｖeｒtｉme：peopletendtohangｏnlongｅrtｏtheregretofinactｉｏｎ;mｅanwhile,reｇｒetsｏfaｃtionｔendtobeｍorereｃｅｎｔ。１1．Inthesecｏndparagｒapｈ，theaｕｔhoｒshows_＿___＿。A．theresｅarchers’ｆinｄings

B.theimportanｃeoffaｍilyC．theiｍportaｎceoｆｍoney

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ABＤCBPartⅡ

VocabularyandStructure

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