著名英語(yǔ)報(bào)刊

SelectedReadingsfromEnglishNewspapersandPeriodicals

GeneralIntroductionLOGOLearningAimsSignificanceofNewspaperReading

TheBasicLayoutofEnglishNewspapersGeneralFeaturesofNewsEnglishDifferentStylesofNewsArticlesNewspapersintheUSandBritishLOGOSelectedReadingsfromEnglishNewspapersandPeriodicals

I.TheSignificanceofNewspaperReading

LOGOSelectedReadingsfromEnglishNewspapersandPeriodicals

1.GoodlearningResourcesforEnglishlearnersfortherichvocabulary,whichincludesvariousidioms,commonsayingsanddiversephrases.2.EnablethelearnerstoenhancetheirreadingabilitybyprovidingauthenticEnglishlearningmaterial.3.Broadenthereaders’horizon,beingthemajoraccesstoworldnews.4.Goodhelperforthelearnerstoimprovetheirwritingskill,duetotheexpertuseofvariouswritingtechniqueslikepersonification,ironyetc.infeatures

.LOGOSelectedReadingsfromEnglishNewspapersandPeriodicals

II.BriefIntroductiontoAmericanandBritishnewspapersandmagazines

LOGOBroadsheetsandtabloidsNewspapersmaybeclassifiedintotwotypesbypagesize:broadsheetnewspapersandtabloids.Broadsheetnewspapersareserious,alsocalledqualitypapersTheNewYorkTimes,theWashingtonPost,theChristianScienceMonitorTabloidsarealsocalledpopularpapersNewYorkPostLOGOBroadsheetsVS.TabloidsBroadsheets(嚴(yán)肅性報(bào)紙

)aimatwealthiersocio-economicsectionderiveahigherproportionofincomefromadvertisingTabloids(小報(bào))aimatthemassderiveahigherproportionofincomefromcirculationfigureTheSun,forexample,whichisatabloid,isthebiggest-sellingnewspaperinBritain.LOGONewspapersintheUSTherearemorethan1500dailynewspapersintheUS.Eachoneisusuallysoldonlyinonepartofthecountry,e.g.inacity,buttheycovernationalandinternationalnews.Inlargercitiesthereisoftenmorethanonenewspaperandthedifferentonesexpressdifferentpoliticalopinions.LOGONewspapersintheUSSomenewspapersaresoldinnearlyallpartsoftheUS.E.g.USAtoday,thenationaleditionoftheNewYorkTimes.Twoothernewspapers,theLosAngelesTimesandtheWashingtonPostareknownandrespectedallovertheUSbutcannotbeboughteverywhere.LOGOAmericanmajorpapers

TheNewYorkTimes

TheWashingtonPostLosAngelesTimesUSATodayTheWallStreetJournalTheChristianScienceMonitorInternationalHeraldTribune《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》《華盛頓郵報(bào)》《洛杉磯時(shí)報(bào)》《今日美國(guó)報(bào)》《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》《基督教科學(xué)箴言報(bào)》《國(guó)際先驅(qū)論壇報(bào)》LOGOAmericanmajorpapers

FreePress

ChicagoSun-Times

NewYorkDailyNewsBostonGlobeDalasMorningNewsSanFranciscoChronicle《自由新聞報(bào)》《芝加哥太陽(yáng)時(shí)報(bào)

》《紐約每日新聞

》《波士頓環(huán)球報(bào)

》《達(dá)拉斯晨報(bào)

》《舊金山紀(jì)事報(bào)

》LOGOAmericanmajornewsmagazines

TimeNewsweekReader’sDigestFortuneBusinessWeekFarEasternReview《時(shí)代》周刊

《新聞周刊》《讀者文摘》《財(cái)富》雜志《商業(yè)周刊》《遠(yuǎn)東經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)論》LOGOThethreemostinfluentialnewspapersintheUSTheWashingtonPost()TheNewYorkTimes

()USAToday

()LOGONewspapersintheUK英國(guó)報(bào)刊英國(guó)報(bào)刊發(fā)行與美國(guó)不盡相同，國(guó)內(nèi)外財(cái)團(tuán)控制的大報(bào)業(yè)集團(tuán)的報(bào)紙占全英發(fā)行量的90%，這些大集團(tuán)以往又都是集中在倫敦市中心的報(bào)業(yè)中心“艦隊(duì)街”（FleetStreet）。因此，F(xiàn)leetStreet常用來(lái)借喻倫敦或英國(guó)“報(bào)界”或“新聞界”。現(xiàn)在為了改善發(fā)行和促進(jìn)在海外銷售，有的已移往倫敦其他地區(qū)或城市，甚至海外，如《衛(wèi)報(bào)》就在德國(guó)發(fā)行國(guó)際版，而《金融時(shí)報(bào)》就直接在德國(guó)、美國(guó)和日本等國(guó)印刷發(fā)行。英國(guó)報(bào)紙按風(fēng)格和內(nèi)容分為quality/popular/mid-marketpapers,

“質(zhì)量類”報(bào)紙是嚴(yán)肅性大開(kāi)張（broadsheet）的全國(guó)性日?qǐng)?bào)，有很高的編輯水平，讀者對(duì)象是受過(guò)較高教育的上層和中產(chǎn)階級(jí)人士。DailyExpress《每日快報(bào)》、DailyMail《每日郵報(bào)》、DailyMirror《每日鏡報(bào)》、DailyStar《每日明星報(bào)》、TheSun《太陽(yáng)報(bào)》都是“通俗類”小報(bào)，消息不如qualitypapers那樣嚴(yán)肅可靠，往往追求轟動(dòng)效應(yīng)。如《太陽(yáng)報(bào)》就以刊登英國(guó)王室成員和政界人士的桃色新聞和美女照片而“著稱”。其發(fā)行量居首位。讀者基本是工人階級(jí)和中產(chǎn)階級(jí)?！爸虚g市場(chǎng)類”指介于這兩者之間的報(bào)紙。LOGOQualityNewspapersintheUK(broadsheets)《泰晤士報(bào)》TheTimes

《衛(wèi)報(bào)》TheGuardian《觀察家報(bào)》TheObserver

《獨(dú)立報(bào)》TheIndependent《每日電訊報(bào)》TheDailyTelegraph《金融時(shí)報(bào)》TheFinancialTimes《星期日電訊報(bào)》SundayDispatch《星期日泰晤士報(bào)》TheSundayTimes

LOGOPopularNewspapersintheUK(tabloids)《太陽(yáng)報(bào)》TheSun《每日快報(bào)》TheDailyExpress《每日郵報(bào)》TheDailyMail

《每日鏡報(bào)》DailyMirror《星期日快報(bào)》TheSundayExpress

《世界新聞報(bào)》TheNewsoftheWorld

LOGOMajorNewsAgencies

美英通訊社簡(jiǎn)介

西方報(bào)紙、電臺(tái)和電視等新聞，許多都是由通訊社提供的。下面介紹的是英美四大通訊社。

1．AP(abbrev.AssociatedPress)(美國(guó))美聯(lián)社，成立于1848年，總部設(shè)在紐約市。1976年就已有1，181家美國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)和約3，462家廣播電臺(tái)和電視臺(tái)接受該社提供的新聞服務(wù)，現(xiàn)在它是世界最大的通訊社。

2．UPI(abbrev.UnitedPressInternational)(美國(guó))合眾國(guó)際社，成立于1907年，它開(kāi)創(chuàng)了一些重要的新聞報(bào)道業(yè)務(wù)，如它于1925年開(kāi)辦了新聞圖片等服務(wù)。在20世紀(jì)70年代末，該社就為100多個(gè)國(guó)家的4，503家客戶服務(wù)。它有250多個(gè)分社向外提供新聞。

3．Reuters(abbrev.Reuter’sNewsAgency)(英國(guó))路透社，1851年由路透(PaulJuliusReuter)創(chuàng)建，總部設(shè)在倫敦。它是一家商業(yè)性通訊社。20世紀(jì)60年代以來(lái)，它播發(fā)經(jīng)其壓縮的來(lái)自諸如中國(guó)等國(guó)的新聞報(bào)道，美國(guó)也有幾十家報(bào)紙定購(gòu)該社的新聞?，F(xiàn)在其業(yè)務(wù)已遍及全球150多個(gè)國(guó)家。該社擁有91個(gè)國(guó)家14，800名職員，1，800名記者，138個(gè)分社。

4．PA(abbrev.PressAssociation)(英國(guó))報(bào)紙聯(lián)合社，它通過(guò)該社的新聞（PANews）、體育（PASport）和數(shù)據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)(PADataDesign)這三家公司而成為英國(guó)的全國(guó)新聞社，為報(bào)紙、廣播電臺(tái)和電視臺(tái)提供全方位的新聞和信息服務(wù)。LOGOMajorNewsAgenciesA.P.(AssociatedPress)UPI(UnitedPressInternational)Reuters(Reuter’sNewsAgency)PA(PressAssociation)DPAAFPANSA（美國(guó)）美聯(lián)社

（美國(guó)）合眾社（英國(guó)）路透社（英國(guó)）報(bào)紙聯(lián)合社（德國(guó)）德新社

（法國(guó)）法新社（意大利）安莎社Majorproviderofnewsfornewspapers,radiosandTVstationsLOGOReferences

www.guardian.co.uk

www.

www.mirror.co.uk

《泰晤士報(bào)》：TheTimes

《衛(wèi)報(bào)》：TheGuardian

《金融時(shí)報(bào)》：TheFinancialTimes《每日電訊報(bào)》：TheDailyTelegraph

《太陽(yáng)報(bào)》：TheSun

《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》:TheNewYorkTimes

《華盛頓郵報(bào)》：TheWashingtonPost

《洛杉磯時(shí)報(bào)》：LosAngelesTimes

《國(guó)際先驅(qū)論壇報(bào)》：InternationalHeraldTribune

《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》：TheWallStreetJournal

《今日美國(guó)》：USAToday《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》：TheEconomist《時(shí)代》：Time

《財(cái)富》：Fortune

《新聞周刊》：Newsweek

《商業(yè)周刊》：BusinessWeek

LOGOSelectedReadingsfromEnglishNewspapersandPeriodicals

III.EnglishnewspapertermsLOGOEnglishnewspapertermsFLAG

Thenewspaper'snameasitappearsatthetopofthefirstpage;alsoknownasthelogotypeornameplate.HEADLINE

Wordsinlargetypeatthetopofastorytellingwhatthestoryisabout;alsocalledahead.BYLINE

Thereporter'sname,whichappearsattheheadofanewsorpicturestory.LOGOEnglishnewspapertermsDATELINE

Wordsatthebeginningofastorythatgivethestory'splaceoforigin.NEWSSTORY

Astoryaboutanewsevent.CUTLINE

Explanatoryinformationunderapictureorillustration;alsocalledacaption.LEAD

Thefirstparagraphortwoofanewsstory,tellingwho,what,when,where,why/how.

LOGOnewspapertermsALLEY

Thewhitespacebetweenthecolumnsofnewsstories.NEWSSERVICES

JUMP

Tocontinueastoryfromonepagetoanother.LOGOSelectedReadingsfromEnglishNewspapersandPeriodicals

IV.Newspapercontents&Sections

LOGONewspapercontents&Sections報(bào)刊內(nèi)容與版面編排

一般而言，英美報(bào)刊常見(jiàn)的新聞報(bào)道中有以下這幾方面讀者感興趣的內(nèi)容：

1．政治與政府(politicsandgovernment)

2．災(zāi)難(disasters)

3．犯罪與訴訟(crimeandcourts)

4．商業(yè)(business)

5．罷工、示威游行及糾紛(strikes,demonstratesanddisputes)

6．戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和恐怖主義活動(dòng)(warandterrorism)

7．環(huán)境(environment)

8．名人(famouspeople)

9．體育(sports)

10.娛樂(lè)(entertainments)LOGONewspapercontents&SectionsNewsFeaturesSportsBusinessEditorial/OP-EdClassifiedsScienceandTechnologyLifeHealthEntertainment新聞版

專題報(bào)道版/特寫

體育版

財(cái)經(jīng)版

社論版/專欄版分類廣告版科技版生活版醫(yī)療保健版娛樂(lè)版LOGOSelectedReadingsfromEnglishNewspapersandPeriodicals

IV.MajorDifficultiesofReadingEnglishNewspapersLOGOMajorDifficultiesspecialwritingstyle:achatty,slangy,up-to-the-momentwayofwriting;2.NewsEnglishisrichinpuns(雙關(guān))，overtones(弦外之音)，andvariouswordgamesbymeansofpolysemy(一詞多義),synonym(同義詞)andantinomy(反義詞).

3.Westernjournalistsliketoquotetheclassicsintheirreports,solackofnecessaryculturalbackgroundknowledgewillleadtoconfusionLOGOExample

thethrillofvictoryandtheagonyofdefeat？譯:勝利的激動(dòng)和失敗的痛苦。這是美語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的一種說(shuō)法，經(jīng)常用于運(yùn)動(dòng)賽事。此為報(bào)刊新聞中的常用表達(dá)法，會(huì)經(jīng)常遇到。LOGOExample

Sofar,theEuropeanCommissioniswaryofencouragingGypsiestopresentthemselvesasanation.Thatmight,itisfeared,openaPandora’sbox

alreadycontainingBasques,Corsicans

andotherawkwardpeoples.(TheEconomist)

Pandora’sbox潘多拉之魔盒，典出希臘神話。比喻“災(zāi)難之源”或“由于不明智的干預(yù)而引起許多難以解決的復(fù)雜問(wèn)題”。LOGOExample1CurvaceousPatriciaPotts,thegirlwiththesmashingsilhouettewhowasScunthorpe’s

DishoftheMonthinOctober—thedishiestinthearea—wasdishedupwithadishoftroubleonherwayhomefrombingolastnight.Twowould-bemuggerstrieditoninDarkStreetnearherhome,butshesentthempackingwithhandbaga-whirling,nailsascratchingandplatformclogsa-kicking.LOGOExample

TheideaofMarchloomsasacrucialtime.PollsterRichardWirthlinandCounsellorEdMeesehavewarnedthepresidentthatjustaboutnowPresidentCarterbegantoyieldtooutsideclamor.Helosthispowerthroughretreat（退卻）

andvacillation（動(dòng)搖猶豫）.(Time)“ideaofMarch”指古羅馬日歷的三月十五日，比喻“危險(xiǎn)即將來(lái)臨的日期”。典出莎士比亞悲劇JuliusCaesar(《裘力斯?愷撒》)。LOGOSelectedReadingsfromEnglishNewspapersandPeriodicals

IV.EssentialTechniquesforReadingEnglishNews

1.FamiliaritywithnewsEnglishvocabulary

2.Accumulationofvariousworldknowledgeishighlyimportant

LOGOEnglish-ChineseTermsinJournalismaccuracy

準(zhǔn)確objectivity

客觀brevity

簡(jiǎn)潔balanceandfairnessn.

平衡和公平anecdote

趣聞,軼事documentary

文獻(xiàn)breakingnews

突發(fā)新聞broadsheet

大報(bào)tabloid小報(bào)delayedlead

延緩式導(dǎo)語(yǔ)directlead

直接式導(dǎo)語(yǔ)

LOGOcoverstory

封面文章dateline

日期行by-line

署名行caption

圖片說(shuō)明,小標(biāo)題headline

標(biāo)題highlight

提要deadline

交稿最后期限body

(新聞)主體end

(新聞)結(jié)尾column

(報(bào)紙版面上的)欄目,專欄English-ChineseTermsinJournalismLOGOcolumnist

專欄作家freelancer

自由撰稿人correspondent

記者(reporter?Journalist?)editor

編輯

editor’snotes/Eds.編者按eye-catching

搶眼的newsfeatures

新聞特寫flash

快訊follow-upstory

后續(xù)報(bào)道newslead

(新聞)導(dǎo)語(yǔ)English-ChineseTermsinJournalismLOGOgatekeeper

看門人(guesswhatitmeans?)thewatchdogrole