新核心綜合學(xué)術(shù)英語(yǔ)教程 4 Unit 1 參考答案

Unit1遇到很多障礙encountermanyobstacles有很大的關(guān)系havesignificantrelevanceto增強(qiáng)可信度enhancethecredibility證實(shí)或駁斥研究的結(jié)果confirmorrefutethefindings復(fù)制實(shí)驗(yàn)duplicatetheexperiment與良好研究報(bào)告背道而馳beantitheticaltogoodresearchreporting充分評(píng)估研究結(jié)果evaluatetheresearchresultsfully與研究項(xiàng)目的結(jié)果最密切相關(guān)bemostconcernedwiththeresultsofaresearchproject斷開(kāi)單調(diào)的長(zhǎng)篇大段breakuplongpassagesofprose避免使用矯飾的術(shù)語(yǔ)avoidpretentiousjargonTask5(Page8)1.Astudentandprofessionalmayspendplentyoftimereportingtheresultsoftheirresearchprojectswhentheypresentthemtoteachers,managersandclients.Actually,onewouldbefacedwithmanydifficultiesinstudyandonthejobwithoutthenecessaryresearchskillsaswellastheabilitytoshowtheresultswithclarityandcompleteness.2.Inthispartthebasicruleonehastofollowistooffertheentiresetofdatarelevanttotheresearchquestionraisedatthebeginning.Ifonetendstohidefindingswhich,tosomeextent,cannotsupporthishypothesis,suchdishonestbehaviorisnotwelcomeinresearchreportinginanyfield.3.Littleimportanceisattachedtoalivelystyle;however,itisacceptabletowriteinterestingly.Theessentialqualitiesforprofessionalcommunicationshouldincludeaccuracy,clarity,andcompleteness.Task4(Page27)2.TourismhasbeenaffectednegativelybytheriseofexpenseinairtraveltoscenicspotslikeHawaii.3.Studiesshowthatpeoplewithparticularbloodtypesaremorelikelytobeinfectedbysomediseases.However,thereisnosurecorrelationbetweenbloodtypesandpeople’scharacters.4.Thepracticeofidentifyingthesexoftheunbornbabyinthewomb,andthenterminatingthebabygirlifitisnotwanted,ismadepossibleinsometraditionalsocietiesbyultrasoundequipmentduetoitsportabilityandlowprice.5.In2011,AfricarankedNo.2inthecellularphonemarket,nexttoAsia.ThisyearsawtheswiftdevelopmentofAfrica’scellularnetworkinsizeandqualitytosatisfythe600millionusers’needs.6.Theshortageoffreshwateriscausedbypopulationexplosion,pollution,climatechange,helongrun,crises,evenwars,mayariseaspeoplefightovertheavailabilityoffreshwatersupplieswhichareessentialtothem.Task5(Page27)Question2Inexplaininghowfacultyandadministratorsshoulddealwithacademicdishonesty,Eastman,IyerandReisenwitz(2008)suggestthatthreeaspectsofacademicdishonestybetakenintoconsideration,includingfactorsinfluencingacademicdishonesty,differentiationbetweenplagiarismandcheating,andstudents’viewthatcertaintypesofacademicdishonestyaremoreunethicalthanothers.Question3VanMerrienboer(1997)pointsoutthetransitioninthefieldofinstructionaldesignfrom”instructivist”approachesto“constructivist”approachesinthelasttenyears,withtheformerexpressingtheideathattheknowledgeistorepresenttherealworld,andthusdeterminesthemeaningwhichisexternaltotheunderstanders.Question4Reigeluth(1999)explainstheinstructionaldesigntheoryasatleastconsistingoftwoparts:methodsforpromotinghumanlearninganddevelopment,andinwhatsituationsthemethodscanorcannotbeemployed.Question5Heimlich(1992)makesitclearthatinterestintheenvironment,thesourceofbothmaterialsandrefugeforthehumanspirit,isnotanewfieldforitisimportanttothegrowthanddevelopmentofmankind.Recently,theconcernforprotectingtheenvironmentshowspeople’sdemandforimprovingtheirlifeandsupplementingresources.Heimlichfurtherpointsoutthatthedifferencebetweenthedecadespriortothe1960sandnowismuchgreaterattentionhasbeenattachedtotheenvironment.Question6Gredler(2001)holdsthatfourimportantingredientsinteachingpigeonstoplayping-pongandtobowlareassociatedwithcomplexskillsdevelopment