中國傳統(tǒng)文化簡介英文

中國傳統(tǒng)文化簡介英文TheChineseZodiacandDragon（十二生肖和龍）Clothing（服裝）EmperorYanandHuang（炎帝和黃帝）ChineseInventions（中國的發(fā)明）FamousChinesePeople（中國的名人）EmperorYanandHuangEmperorHuangandYanChinahasalonghistoryofMorethan5,000yearsofcivilization!TheEmperorYanandHuangareconsideredasourcommonancestors.EmperorHuangandYanEveryyear,ontheTomb-sweepingDay(usuallyonApril5th）,thousandsofChinesepeoplecomebackfromallovertheworldtothetomboftheiroldestancestorsinShaanxiprovincetoparticipatetheannualmemorialceremony..ChineseZodiacandDragonChineseZodiac

TheChineseZodiac(生肖)consistsoftwelveanimalsigns,eachrepresentingayearaccordingtothelunarcalendar.Thetwelveanimalsignsare:Rat;Ox;Tiger;Rabbit;Dragon;Snake;Horse;Sheep;Monkey;Chicken;DogandPig.Theorderoftheanimalsisoftenexplainedwithafolk-taleabouthowtheanimalsweresummoned（召喚）toheavenbytheJadeEmperor.Thedragon,astheonlyanimalofthetwelvethatcouldfly,wasexpectedtoarrivefirst.Butthedragon’snatureistobehelpful,andhestoppedtohelpsomevillagersandthentherabbit,sohewasthefifthanimaltoarrivefortheJadeKing'sfeast.

ThisyearistheyearofMonkey!!!WhatisyourChineseZodiac?DragonWealsobelievethatwearethedescendantsoftheDragon.TheimagesofthemythicDragoncanbefoundonmanyobjects.DragonThedragonhasninesons.Theninedragonhavedifferentthemes,andtheyallhavedifferentversionstoo.Oneversionis:The1stsonlovesmusic.TheheadofNumber1sonbecomesadecorationformusicinstrument,suchastwo-stringedbowedviolin(囚牛huqin).The2ndsonlovesfighting.ManydifferenthandlesofweaponshavethesymbolofNumber2son.(睚眥yazi)The3rdsonlovesadventureandkeepingguard.Hehasprestigeandisthesymbolofsafety,harmonyandpeace.(嘲風(fēng)chaofeng)The4thsonloveshowling.TheimageofNumber4soncanbefoundonthebigbells.Itisasymbolofprotectionandalertness.(蒲牢pulao)The5thsonlovesquietness,sitting,fireandsmoke.Hisimageisoftenfoundintemples,suchasonincenseburners.(狻猊suanni)Dragon

The6thsonhasthepowerofstrength.Helovestocarryheavystufftoshowoffhismagicenergy.Heisasymboloflongevityandgoodluck.(霸下baxia)The7thsonlovestoseekjustice.Chineseliketoapplyhissymbolaroundlaw,court,orjail.(狴犴bigan)The8thsonlovesliterature.Chineseliketoputthe8thsonasasymbolaroundsteles（石碑）.Whenusedinthisway,itisasymbolofknowledgeoreducation.(負(fù)質(zhì)fuzhi)The9thsonloveswater.Heisasymboltopreventfiredisasters.(螭吻chiwen)Dragon

DragoninWesternCultureCanyoumakeacomparisonbetweenChineseDragonandWesternDragon?ClothingClothing

Chinesegarmentdesignhasundergoneaverylonghistoryofevolution,therehavebeenalotsofdifferentstyles.Qipao,thetypicalChinesewoman’sdress,wasoriginatedfromManchurianwomen’sgown,andhasbeenremoldedagainandagaintomeetthemoderntaste.Clothing

WhilemosturbanChinesemenandwomenhaveglobalizedtheirdailydressings,someremoteethnicminoritiesstillhavekepttheirbeautifultraditionalgarments.Clothing

SilkisaChineseinvention.Silkisoneoftheoldestknowntextilefibersand,accordingtoChinesetradition,wasusedaslongagoasthe27thcenturyBC.ThesilkwormmothwasoriginallyanativeofChina,andforabout30centuriesthegatheringandweavingofsilkwasasecretprocess,knownonlytotheChinese.Clothing

嫘祖（西陵氏之女）Leizu:thefounderofSericulture.Accordingtosomeancientstory,Leizu,thewifeofEmperorHuang,wasthefirstwomanwhobegintoraisesilkworms.Clothing

ThehistoricaltraderoutebetweenChinaandtheWestwascalledthe“theSilkRoad.”TheSilkRoadwasnotatraderoutethatexistedsolelyforthepurposeoftradinginsilk;manyothercommoditieswerealsotraded,fromgoldandivorytoexoticanimalsandplants.Ofallthepreciousgoodscrossingthisarea,silkwasperhapsthemostremarkableforthepeopleoftheWest.ChineseInventionsChineseInventions

Compassisveryimportantintravelingoutside,andthisisjustagreatinventionofChinese.Thecompasscomposedofamagneticspoonandacopperplatewithorientationmarks.Turnthespoonandletitrunning,whenitstops,thehandleofitwillpointstotheSouth.ChineseInventions

CaiLun(Ts‘a(chǎn)iLun,蔡倫)(?-121),wasaChineseeunuchwholivedaroundAD105oftheEasternHanDynasty.Heistheinventorofpaper.Forpapermaking,hetriedmaterialslikebark,hemp,andevenfishingnet.TheinventionofpaperisagreatcontributiontotheworldmadebyChinesepeople!ChineseInventions

AnothergreatcontributionofChinaisthetechniqueofprinting.Thestereotypingwasappearedin11thcenturyoftheNorthSongDynasty,whichwas300yearsearlierthanGutenberg’stime.WhatisthefouthinventionofChina?FamousChinesePeopleFamousChinesePeople

Confucius(孔子)(circa551-479BC）ConfuciuswasaChineseteacher,editor,politician,andphilosopheroftheSpringandAutumnperiodofChinesehistory.ThephilosophyofConfuciusemphasizedpersonalandgovernmentalmorality,correctnessofsocialrelationships,justiceandsincerity.HisfollowerscompetedsuccessfullywithmanyotherschoolsduringtheHundredSchoolsofThoughteraonlytobesuppressedinfavoroftheLegalistsduringtheQinDynasty.FollowingthevictoryofHanoverChuafterthecollapseofQin,Confucius'sthoughtsreceivedofficialsanctionandwerefurtherdevelopedintoasystemknownasConfucianism.FamousChinesePeople

TheLunYü(Analects),aworkcompiledbysomeofConfucius’disciples,isconsideredtobethemostreliablesourceofinformationabouthislifeandteachings.知者樂水，仁者樂山。知者動(dòng)，仁者靜。知者樂，仁者壽。Thewisemandelightinwater,theGoodmandelightsinmountains.Forthewisemove;buttheGoodstaystill.Thewisearehappy;buttheGood,secure.FamousChinesePeople

QuYuan(屈原)wasaministeroftheStateofChusituatedinpresent-dayHunanandHubeiprovinces,duringtheWarringStatesPeriod(475-221BC).Hewasupright,loyalandhighlyesteemedforhiswisecounselthatbroughtpeaceandprosperitytothestate.However,whenadishonestandcorruptprincevilifiedQu,hewasdisgracedanddismissedfromoffice.Realizingthatthecountrywasnowinthehandsofevilandcorruptofficials,QugrabbedalargestoneandleaptintotheMiluoRiveronthefifthdayofthefifthmonth.Nearbyfishermenrushedovertotryandsavehimbutwereunabletoevenrecoverhisbody.Thereafter,thestatedeclinedandwaseventuallyconqueredbytheStateofQin.FamousChinesePeople

TheDragonBoatFestival,alsocalledtheDuanwuFestival,iscelebratedonthefifthdayofthefifthmonthaccordingtotheChinesecalendar.Forthousandsofyears,thefestivalhasbeenmarkedbyeatingzongziwrappedtoformapyramidusingbambooorreedleaves)andracingdragonboats.Thefestivalisbestknownforitsdragon-boatraces,especiallyinthesouthernprovinceswheretherearemanyriversandlakes.This

regatta

commemoratesthedeathofQuYuan,anhonestministerwhoissaidtohavecommittedsuicidebydrowninghimselfinariver.FamousChinesePeople

NightThoughts(WrittentoMusic)Thebrightmoonshone

beforemybed,Iwondered--

wasitfrostupontheground?Iraisedmyhead

togazeattheclearmoon,Bowedmyhead

rememberingmyoldhome.LiPo/Bai(李白)

(A.D.701–762),thegreatestromanticpoetofChina,TangDynasty靜夜思床前明月光，疑是地上霜。舉頭望明月，低頭思故鄉(xiāng)。FamousChinesePeople

DreamoftheRedChamber（orTheStoryoftheStone）Thestoryorbitsaroundawealthybutdecliningfamily,theJiaclan,whooccupiestwolargefamilycompoundsinthecapital.ThemaincharactersarethepowerfulfamilymatriarchGrandmotherJia,th