現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀第二版book3unit1復(fù)習(xí)過程

現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀第二版book3unit1Questions/ActivitiesCheck-onPreviewObjectivesUnit1WarmingupYourCollegeYearsWarmingupQuestions/ActivitiesWhatisthearticlemainlyabout?Howmuchdoyouknowaboutdevelopmentalchanges?Whatdoestheauthorsaythatstrikesyoumost?Whatisanidentitycrisis?Canyoudefine“identity”?Arethereanyotherkeyconceptsmentionedinthetextthatyouknowaboutorwanttoknow?

WarmingupQuestions/Activitiesdevelopmentalchanges:

apsychologicaltermwhichreferstothephysiologicalandbehavioralchangesthroughoutthelifespanidentity:thequalitiesthatmakesborsthwhattheyarewhoyouare;whatstrengthsandweaknessesyouhave;howyouperceiveyourselfaswellashowotherpeopleperceiveyou(selfimageandtheimageyoupresenttoothers)Erickson:Theidentityis“asubjectivesenseaswellasanobservablequalityofpersonalsamenessandcontinuity,pairedwithsomebeliefinthesamenessandcontinuityofsomesharedworldimage.”Identityishighlyrelational.WarmingupQuestions/Activitiesidentitycrisis:

thedifficulties,confusionsandanxietiesthatonegoesthroughwhenhe/sheisnotsurewhohe/sheisandwhathis/herpurposeinlifeisCheck-onPreviewGivethreetranslationsof“意識(shí)到”.Offeratleastthreeexamplesofquotationthatyoucanfindinthetext.Definethefollowingwords:heightened(para.3);observe(para.4).WarmingupObjectivesUnderstandthekeypsychologicalconcepts.Understandthestructureoftheessay.Appreciatetheformalityofthewritingstyle.Learnaboutsomeusefulwritingtechniques—quotation,parallelism.WarmingupBackgroundErikEricksonSigmundFreudUnit1YourCollegeYears

SigmundFreud?

SigmundFreud:

(1856-1939)Fatherofpsychoanalysis,authorofTheInterpretationofDreams,famousforhisconceptionoftheunconscious,libido,deathinstinct,theOedipus/Electracomplex,andstructuralmodelofhumanpsyche.TheStandardEditionoftheCompletePsychologicalWorksofSigmundFreud(Ed.J.StracheywithAnnaFreud,24vols.London:1953-1964).Background?

ErikErickson:

(1902-1994)

Freudianego-psychologist,

“fatherofpsychosocialdevelopment”and“thearchitectofidentity.”

AccordingtoErickson,theidentitycrisisisthemostimportantconflicthumanbeingsencounterwhentheygothrougheightdevelopmentalstages

inlife.

ErikEricksonBackgroundBackground

ErikEricksonStage(age)PsychosocialcrisisSignificantrelationsPsychosocialvirtuesMaladaptations&MalignanciesI(0-1)infanttrustvs.mistrustmotherhope,faithsensorydistortion→withdrawalII(2-3)toddlerautonomyvs.shameanddoubtparentswill,determinationimpulsivity→

compulsionIII(3-6)preschoolerinitiativevs.guiltfamilypurpose,courageruthlessness→inhibitionIV(7-12orso)school-agechildindustryvs.inferiorityneighborhoodandschoolcompetencenarrowvirtuosity→nertiaEightDevelopmentalStagesBackground

ErikEricksonEightDevelopmentalStagesStage(age)PsychosocialcrisisSignificantrelationsPsychosocialvirtuesMaladaptations&MalignanciesV(12-18orso)

adolescenceego-identityvs.role-confusionpeergroups,rolemodelsfidelity,loyaltyfanaticism→repudiationVI(the20’s)youngadultintimacyvs.isolationpartners,friendslovepromiscuity→

exclusivityVII(late20’sto50’s)middleadultgenerativityvs.self-absorptionhousehold,workmatescareoverextension→rejectivityVIII(50’sandbeyond)oldadultintegrityvs.despairmankindor“mykind”wisdompresumption→

despairDetailedAnalysisStructure

StyleThemeUnit1TextAnalysisYourCollegeYearsWhatdoestheauthormeanbydevelopmentalchanges?Whyisitimportantforcollegestudentstobeawareofthem?Doyouagreewiththeauthorthatyoungadultsareboundtogothroughanidentitycrisis?Isitnecessarilya“dangerous”or“negative”incidentinourlife?Whydoestheauthoremphasizethechangeinthewayofdealingwithknowledgeasanimportantaspectofourgrowth?TextAnalysisThemeStyleGenre:

expositoryessay,e.g.formal,serious,academic,educational2.Diction:

big,complicated,formalwords,technicaljargon,e.g.personnel,occur,adolescence,adulthoodSyntax:long,involvedsentences,e.g.paras.4,6(Duringthecourse…)TextAnalysisStyle4.Techniques:quotation,e.g.in…(source);accordingto…;sbremarks/observes/comments/pointsout/defines…parallelism,e.g.words(para.2):strengthsandweaknessesphrases(para.2):determinedbygeneticendowment;shapedbyenvironment;influencedbychanceeventssentences(para.1):3consecutivequestionsothertechniques?Para.3isdevelopedby__________.

Para.4isdevelopedby____________&________.Howdowemakeaquotation?TextAnalysiscomparisoncategorizationquotation1TextAnalysisStructurePara.1Introduction:Keydevelopmentalchangesoccurduringcollegeyears.2Paras.2-9Detaileddiscussion:DetaileddiscussionofthesechangesPara.2:IdentitycrisisParas.3-4:

Dependence/independencestrugglePara5:EstablishingsexualidentityPara6:RelatingtopeoplearoundPara7:Internalizingfaith,valuesPara8:NewwaysoflearningPara9:Relatingtopeopleofothercultures3Para.10Conclusion:Collegeisatimeofpersonalgrowthandexpansion.Whatgoalsdoyouhaveforyourgrowthandmaturityduringyourcollegeyears?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartI:DiscussionDetailedAnalysisExplainthesentence“Howpeopleseethemselvesinbothrolesisunquestionablyapartoftheiridentity.”Whatdoes“bothroles”referto?2.Giveexamplestoshowhowidentityisdetermined.3.Didyouexperienceindependence/dependencestruggleinyourlateradolescencestage?4.Whydoestheauthorsayitmaybeheightenedbythestudents’choicetopursueacollegeeducation?5.Whatarethefourdistinctaspectsoflateadolescents’psychologicalseparationfromtheirparents?

TextAnalysisPartII:Discussion6.

Whyshouldcollegestudentsstandbacktoseewheretheyareintheindependence/dependencestruggle？7.Whatismeantby“establishingtheirsexualidentity”?Whyisitstressful?8.Howispara.4developed?9.Howdoescollegestudentschangethewaytheyrelatetoothersastheygrowandreachyoungadulthood?10.Giveexamplestoshowhowthewayyourelatetoothershavechangedsinceyoubecameacollegestudent?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Discussion11.

Whatismeantby“internalizingreligiousfaith”?Doyouthinkyouhaveinsomewayinternalizedvaluesandbeliefs?Whatnewinsightshaveyougainedinthisrespect?13.Didyoueverquestionthevaluesinstilledbyyourparentsinyouradolescence?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:DiscussionWhatnewwaysshouldcollegestudentsdevelopinlearningknowledge?Learningprocess:gather,processandapplyNewperspectivesofknowledge:What’sthepurposeofmaterials?Learntobecritical.Establishyourownattitudes.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:DiscussionWhydoestheauthorthinkitisimportanttobecomeaworldcitizen?Doyouhaveasimilarexperience,thatyourinteractionwithpeopleofotherculturesintroduceyoutonewwaysofinterpretinglife,newunderstandingoftheworldandofyourself?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Discussion1.Infact,itmaybeheightenedbytheirchoicetopursueacollegeeducation.(para.3)

Actually,ifthestudentschoosetogotocollegetocontinuetheireducation,theywillfaceanevenmoreseriousstrugglebetweenthedesiretobeindependentandtheneedtodependonthefinancialsupportoftheirparents.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Paraphrase2.Collegestudentsneedtostandbackandseewheretheyareintheindependence/dependencestruggle.(para.4)(Inthefaceofthearraysofchallenges,)itisnecessaryforcollegestudentstoavoidgettingtooemotionallyinvolvedinthestruggleandtrytogetaclearideaoftheirsituation.

TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Paraphrase3.Probablynothingcanmakestudentsfeellowerorhigheremotionallythanthewaytheyarerelatingtowhomevertheyarehavingaromanticrelationshipwith.(para.5)Perhapsnothingcanmakeastudentexperiencesuchabigemotionalchangeexcepthis/herrelationshipswithhis/herlover.

TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:ParaphrasegothroughtoexperienceTogetthisjobdone,hewentthroughallsortsofhardships.tofinishYouhavetogothroughnecessarycustomsformalitiesbeforeyoucanenteranothercountry.topassTheyjustwentthroughtheforestintotalsilence.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Words&Expressions(1)perceive(fml)toknow,realize,notice

IperceivedthatIcouldnotmakehimchangehismind.perceive…as

Heneedstoperceivechangeasopportunity,uncertaintyaschallengeandcorruptionasdisease.n.perception

adj.perceptive/perceptualTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Words&Expressions(2)pursuetochaseorfollow,inordertocatchorattack

Holmesranacrossthefieldwithoneofficerpursuinghim.

tocontinuedoingortryingtoachievesth:topursueinterests/profits/business/happiness/agoal/furthereducation/amajor

Sheplanstopursueacareerinpolitics.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Words&Expressions(3)excessivemuchmorethanisreasonableornecessary

Hisexcessivedrinkingbothersme.

Synonym:excess(onlyasattributive)see…ina…lightWhathedidmadeusseehiminanewlight.

TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Words&Expressions(4)applysthappliesto(適合，適用);sthisappliedto(運(yùn)用，應(yīng)用)developdevelopanidea(詳細(xì)闡述);developanewmedicine(研制)developthenaturalresources;developthewestregion(開發(fā))developaninterest;developahabit;developunderstandingofeachother(產(chǎn)生，形成)developone’sbusiness(發(fā)展)developlungcancer(患……病)developintocrisis(產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn))developafilm(沖洗)TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Words&Expressions(5)Fillintheblanks.Shehasbeenmodeling______heryoungersisterthroughouttheyears.Thecountry’sparliamentismodeled_________theBritishsystem.Manyofourproductsare______thebestintheworld.Bysubmittingtomalevalues,theysymbolically__________malesuperiority.Youneedtogetgood_______/high_______togotocollege.“Michaelseemstohavesomethingonhismind,”she_________.foron/afterequaltoTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisaffirmedgradesmarksobservedPartII:Exercise(1)Translation新技術(shù)正被應(yīng)用到幾乎所有的工業(yè)流程。（apply） Newtechnologyisbeingappliedtoalmosteveryindustrialprocess.不是所有的自然規(guī)律都適用于人類社會(huì)。（apply） Notallnaturallawscanapplytohumansociety.特殊情況只涉及18歲以下者。（apply） Specialconditionsapplyonlyifyouareunder18.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Exercise(2)Translation1.Collegeisdesignedtobeatimeofpersonalgrowthandexpansion.

大學(xué)本來就是一段個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)、拓展的時(shí)期。2.Hasiteverdawnedonyouthatcertaindevelopmentalchangeswilloccurinyourlifeasyoumovefromadolescencetoyoungadulthood?你是否曾經(jīng)想過，在你由青春期邁向成年的過程中，你的個(gè)人發(fā)展會(huì)發(fā)生某些變化？TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Exercise(3)Translation3.Functionalindependenceinvolvesthecapabilityofindividualstotakecareofpracticalandpersonalaffairs,suchashandlingfinances,choosingtheirownwardrobes,anddeterminingtheirdailyagenda.獨(dú)立生活的能力包括處理日常實(shí)際和個(gè)人事務(wù)的能力，比如說，理財(cái)、添置衣物和計(jì)劃日程安排。4.Shethenwentontoexplainhowincollegeshecametorealizethatliteratureisoneofthebestwaystounderstandaculture.她接著解釋在大學(xué)里她是如何慢慢意識(shí)到，文學(xué)是理解一種文化的最好方式之一。

TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Exercise(4)RecapofPart

II:ContentDevelopmentalchangesincollegeyearsNewwaysoflearning

Newwaysofdealingwithpeople

selfparentspeopleofotherculturesotheradultstheother

sexassembling,processing&applyingTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisWhatistheauthor’sconclusion?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIII:DiscussionFillintheblanks.Overtheyears,theyhave__________anampleamountofdata.Icannotsay__________howmuchthecarwillcost.Itmustbeintheneighborhoodoftwohundredthousand.assembledforcertainTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIII:Exercise(1)Translation1.這些措施大大促進(jìn)了那個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)蘇。（contribute）

Thesemeasurescontributedgreatlytotheeconomicrecoveryofthatcountry.2.你認(rèn)為促使這個(gè)公司成功的主要因素是什么？（contribute）

Whatdoyouthinkarethemainfactorsthatcontributedtothesuccessofthatcompany?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIII:Exercise(2)Unit1ReinforcementDiscussionYourCollegeYearsLanguageWritingFeaturesWhatdoestheauthorsayaboutdevel