高三英語(yǔ)二輪語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句課件

定語(yǔ)從句一鍵解鎖學(xué)會(huì)分析句子成分學(xué)會(huì)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)鍵主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)一句話中，行為的主導(dǎo)著，即該句話中，動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。常放于句首。賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)

狀語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)行為的對(duì)象，即動(dòng)作的承受者，常由名詞或者代詞擔(dān)任。放在及物動(dòng)詞或者介詞之后。用來(lái)說(shuō)明或者限制名詞的成分，常用形容詞或者相當(dāng)于形容詞的短語(yǔ)或從句擔(dān)任。這里指該句話中，動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)，即時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)TheteacherwithglassestaughtEnglishinthatschoollastterm.主語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)1.Themanisaworker.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:

Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.引入定語(yǔ)從句概念:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子.Maryisabeautiful

girl.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.形容詞作定語(yǔ)句子作定語(yǔ),修飾girl,叫做定語(yǔ)從句Maryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并為一個(gè)句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句Maryisagirlwho

haslonghair.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞that,who,whom,whose,whichWhere,when定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系詞的作用：指代先行詞，又在從句中充當(dāng)相應(yīng)的句子成分。

定語(yǔ)從句的用法:當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí),用that或which引導(dǎo).Thesearethetreesthat/which

wereplantedlastyear.當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí),用who/that引導(dǎo).Theman

who/that

Ivisitsdyesterdayismyuncle.

定語(yǔ)從句的用法:當(dāng)先行詞是地點(diǎn)時(shí),用where引導(dǎo).當(dāng)先行詞是時(shí)間時(shí),用when引導(dǎo).Thisistheschoolwhere

Iusedtostudy.

Winteristhetimeofyearwhenthedaysareshortandnightsarelong.注意：先行詞雖然是地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間，但是當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)或時(shí)間在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)時(shí)，仍然用that/which.Thisistheroom

that/whichIlivedin.September18thisthedaythat/whichalltheChineseneverforget.賓語(yǔ)who,whom,whose,that用法區(qū)別.who

作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ).Themanwho

isspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主語(yǔ)Whom

作定語(yǔ)從句的賓語(yǔ)Thewomanwhom

theywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作賓語(yǔ)?？梢允÷詗hose

作定語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ).即：先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)存在從屬關(guān)系Iknowthegirlwhose

motherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定語(yǔ)that

可以作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ).注意:

關(guān)系代詞作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略.Thewoman(that/whom)

theywantedtovisitisateacher.分解Thewoman

isateacher.

Theywanted

tovisit

thewoman下列情況只能用that1.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。

eg.TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.2.當(dāng)先行詞是指物的不定代詞時(shí)。如：all,anything,something,nothing,none,theone,everything,little,few,much,any。

eg.Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.3．先行詞被theonly，thevery，

thelast等修飾時(shí)。下列情況只能用thateg.

Thisistheonlynovelthatyouwanttoborrow．

4．先行詞是或被all，no，some，any，little，much等修飾時(shí)。

eg.

I'vewrittendownallthethingsthattheteacherdoesn'tallowustodo．

5．先行詞是人和物的名詞時(shí),用that,既不用which,也不用who。

eg.Hetoldus

manyinterestingthingsandpersons

thatwehadneverheard．下列情況只能用that6.主句的主語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)詞who/which時(shí),為了避免重復(fù)。eg.Whoisthegirlthatiscrying？

eg.Whichisthebikethatyoulost?下列情況只能用which1.介詞前置時(shí)，不用that。即介詞提在定語(yǔ)從句前。2.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句不用thateg.Thisistheroom

inwhichhelives.eg.The

necklace,

which

you

gave

me

as

a

present,

was

lost

yesterday.3.先行詞為that時(shí),避免重復(fù)，用which.eg.What’s

that

which

is

under

the

desk?

who與whom(先行詞指人)1.在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，兩者可互換，且可省略。Theteacher(who/whom)LiMingistalkingtoisTom'sfather.2.在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，只用who.3.在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，但是介詞提在從句前時(shí)，只用whom.YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.Pleasetellmefromwhomyouborrowedthebook.定語(yǔ)從句巧記法定語(yǔ)從句記結(jié)構(gòu)，先行關(guān)系從在后。關(guān)系詞，在中央，指代先行成分當(dāng)。充當(dāng)主賓或定狀，關(guān)系代副看情況。先行詞語(yǔ)若指物，that/which要記住。先行指人不指物，使用that或用who。若有介詞從句前，whichwhom在中間。先行與主表從屬，whose一詞要記住。地點(diǎn)時(shí)間從作狀，wherewhen來(lái)充當(dāng)。從句作主或賓語(yǔ)，thatwhich要選取。使用that比較多，不妨對(duì)你說(shuō)一說(shuō)。不定代詞或被限，使用that來(lái)判斷。Exercise1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johntalkedismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.which/that7.Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All______wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboy.thatthatthat句子翻譯1.這就是救了那個(gè)孩子命的醫(yī)生.Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboy’slife.2.正在跑步的那個(gè)人是我的叔叔.Thema