完形填空解題技巧課件-人教版整理教學(xué)內(nèi)容

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Topics:完形填空解題技巧第一頁(yè)，共19頁(yè)。一、完形填空的起源(qǐyuán)與運(yùn)用完形填空法（thecloseprocedure）的產(chǎn)生與格式塔心理學(xué)（Gestaltpsychology）有著密切的關(guān)系。格式塔心理學(xué)特別注重作為(zuòwéi)整體的經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｊ剑℅estaltpsychologyisespeciallyconcernedwithpatternsofexperienceaswholes.）。它強(qiáng)調(diào)：不能通過對(duì)各部分的分析來認(rèn)識(shí)(rènshi)整體。要理解整體的全部性質(zhì)，就必須“自上而下”地分析整體結(jié)構(gòu)到各個(gè)組成部分的特性。第二頁(yè)，共19頁(yè)。完形填空題的創(chuàng)始人：威爾遜·泰勒(tàilè)（WilsonTaylor）“完形填空并不直接涉及特定的意思。它只是反復(fù)(fǎnfù)地從兩種語言模式的相似之處取樣：一種是寫的人表達(dá)自己的思想的語言模式，另一種是反映讀的人根據(jù)自己的理解作出的猜測(cè)的語言模式?！钡谌?yè)，共19頁(yè)。二、完形填空題的解題(jiětí)方法完形填空題是測(cè)試話語水平的題型。根據(jù)完形填空法的基本(jīběn)理論，我國(guó)在高考NMET的測(cè)試中使用完形填空題的主要目的在于考察考生的短文閱讀理解能力。威爾遜·泰勒說：“完形填空所涉及的是一系列與上下文相聯(lián)系的空白(kòngbái)，而不是孤立的空白(kòngbái)?！钡谒捻?yè)，共19頁(yè)。跳過空格，通讀全文(quánwén)，把握大意再讀全文，反復(fù)(fǎnfù)檢查結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，綜合考慮(kǎolǜ)，初定答案瞻前顧后，先易后難，個(gè)個(gè)擊破

完形填空的解題總則把握整體具體分析第五頁(yè)，共19頁(yè)。四.完形填空的解題(jiětí)方法１．充分利用文章(wénzhāng)的上下文和前后句，找到對(duì)選擇有提示作用的詞或句。這些詞有時(shí)可能是同義詞或反義詞。2.注意固定的搭配，包括動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配、動(dòng)詞與名詞的搭配以及(yǐjí)形容詞與名詞的搭配等，同時(shí)要根據(jù)內(nèi)容選擇正確的短語。3.注意同義詞的辨義４.根據(jù)動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者確定所選的詞5.根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系確定選項(xiàng)6.根據(jù)生活常識(shí)以及相關(guān)知識(shí)確定選項(xiàng)7.根據(jù)作者的態(tài)度，觀點(diǎn)，情緒來確定相關(guān)選項(xiàng)第六頁(yè)，共19頁(yè)。

１．充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到對(duì)選擇有提示作用的詞或句。這些(zhèxiē)詞有時(shí)可能是同義詞或反義詞。完形填空解題技巧１．Theamountofusablewaterhasalwaysbeenofgreatinterestintheworld.２１springsandstreamssometimesmeanscontrol,particularlyinthe22areaslikethedesert.21．A．UsingB．HoldingC．OwningD．Finding22．A．dry B．distant C．deserted D．wild第七頁(yè)，共19頁(yè)。２．The33watersupplyforecastisbasedmoreonthewaterfromthe34thanfromthebelow.33．A．correct B．further C．a(chǎn)verage

D．early34．A．clouds B．sky C．a(chǎn)ir D．a(chǎn)bove３．In1964ShirleygraduatedfromGallaudetandlookedfor

_44_.Shewantedtobe_45_andworkfulltime.

44.A.information

B.help

C.ajob

D.anassistant

45.A.happy B.independent C.free

D.confident１．充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到對(duì)選擇有提示作用的詞或句。這些詞有時(shí)(yǒushí)可能是同義詞或反義詞。第八頁(yè)，共19頁(yè)。4.Thestonemenface41,ratherthanouttosea,andtheireyesarefocuseduponthesky.41.A.forwardB.outwardC.onwardD.inward5.Theartexpertswhoworkatthegallerysaytheyusedmodernchemistrytechnologyto45thepaintonthepicture.Thesechecksfoundtraces(痕跡(hénjì))ofpaintdeepinthepicture46about1814.45.A.try B.remove C.wash D.checkA.lookingbackB.datingfromC.gettingalongD.startingwith第九頁(yè)，共19頁(yè)。2.注意固定(gùdìng)的搭配，包括動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配、動(dòng)詞與名詞的搭配以及形容詞與名詞的搭配等，同時(shí)要根據(jù)內(nèi)容選擇正確的短語。

１.He’d

36

hislifebrewingbeerforlocalbreweriesonlytomakealiving,

37

hadhisfatherandgrand－fatherbeforehim.36．A.cost

B.spent

C.take

D.paid

37．A.like

B.asif

C.so

D.nor２.IcalledmybeerSamuelAdams,

51

thebrewerandpatriot（愛國(guó)者）whohelpedtostarttheBostonTeaparty.51

A.for

B.at

C.in

D.after第十頁(yè)，共19頁(yè)。2.注意固定的搭配(dāpèi)，包括動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配(dāpèi)、動(dòng)詞與名詞的搭配(dāpèi)以及形容詞與名詞的搭配(dāpèi)等，同時(shí)要根據(jù)內(nèi)容選擇正確的短語。３．Hedidn’thearthebellforhewascompletely

inreadingthenewspaper.A.interestedBcenteredCaddictedDabsorbed第十一頁(yè)，共19頁(yè)。3.注意(zhùyì)同義詞的辨義1.Herfacewasfamiliartome,butIcouldnot8.r_______whereandhowIhadseenher.2.AllatonceI10.r_______whereIhadseenher.3.ThenIexplainedthatIhad13.r________herfromthephotoIfoundinthepurse.emeberealizedecognized4.Sincetheir43,thesehugestonemen44oneofthegreatestmysteriesofalltime.Whobuiltthem?43.A.lookingB.inventionC.discoveryD.covering44.A.havehappenedB.haveledtoC.havetakenplaceD.havecreated第十二頁(yè)，共19頁(yè)。3.注意(zhùyì)同義詞的辨義5.Thetrainer

44

itwasuselesstryingtofinish.HecalledtoTrudyto

45

.44．A.thoughtB.consideredC.decidedD.felt

45．A.keepupB.slowdownC.giveupD.takearest6.Theforestbegantodisappear,which53alltheanimalsdyingout.53.A.resultedinB.resultedfromC.createdD.layin第十三頁(yè)，共19頁(yè)。４.根據(jù)動(dòng)作的發(fā)出(fāchū)者確定所選的詞1)

Andvideocamerascanbeusedto______people'sactionsathome.A.keep B.make C.record D.watch2)

Thewatch,whichMrsSmithhad______onthetableasshestartedherlecture,disappeared.A.seen B.dropped C.found D.laid3)

Whenthepaperswere______shediscoveredthattwelveboyshadmadeexactlythesamemistakesthroughoutthetest.A.collected B.completedC.markedD.answered第十四頁(yè)，共19頁(yè)。5.根據(jù)(gēnjù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系確定選項(xiàng)1.Theexplorersfoundthattheislandhadgoodsoil37the200nativeslivingtheresurvivedwithlittlefood.37.A.andB.butC.howeverD.still2.Herfatherhad

36

hertwothings.Onewasnottopullheroutofthewater

37

sheasked.36．A.givenB.refusedC.allowedD.promised

37．A.asB.unlessC.evenifD.when3.So,at24Idecidedtodropout.

42

,myparentsdidn’tthinkthiswasagreatidea.42．A.FortunatelyB.ObviouslyC.PossiblyD.Properly第十五頁(yè)，共19頁(yè)。

6.根據(jù)(gēnjù)生活常識(shí)以及相關(guān)知識(shí)確定選項(xiàng)1.in1967shewasaskedtoworkatGallaudetUniversityasadormsupervisor(宿舍(sùshè)監(jiān)管員).Shirleysupervisedyoungwomenwho_47_intheuniversityduringtheschoolyear.47.A.workedB.studiedC.lived D.played2.Interestis35inthewaystoincreaserainfallbyman-mademethods,andtogetwaterfromthewintersnowonmountain36.35．A．raising B．rising C．buildingD．lasting36．A．rocks B．tips C．copsD．trees第十六頁(yè)，共19頁(yè)。7.根據(jù)(gēnjù)作者的態(tài)度，觀點(diǎn)，情緒來確定相關(guān)選項(xiàng)１．Lifeisvery

55

,sodon’trushtomakedecisions.Lifedoesn’tletyouplan.55．A.hard

B.busy

C.short

D.long２．Dr.ShirleyJeanneAllenhastraveledmanyroadsand

_54_manyrainbowssearchingforherdream.Withcourageand_55_,shenevergaveup.54.A.found