浮頂油罐的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算書

伊拉克油罐計(jì)算書（中文）罐體參數(shù)：直徑d=76.25m高h(yuǎn)=12.8m其中一道抗封圈，三道加強(qiáng)圈。具體尺寸見(jiàn)附圖。二、油罐總用水量Q=πdh10.2L/min=3.14x76.25x12.8x10.2=31259.328L/min因?yàn)椴扇∷母⒐埽匀∷姆种?，q=31259.328/4=7814.832L/min三、噴頭數(shù)的初步確定根據(jù)噴水角度相切的原理，計(jì)算尺寸見(jiàn)下圖：由正弦定理得：=X=1.325°則每圈噴頭個(gè)數(shù)n==135.8，應(yīng)為136個(gè)整個(gè)圓周分成四部分，只計(jì)算其中四分之一即可，噴頭個(gè)數(shù)為34個(gè)，如下圖：四、噴頭的流量，壓力計(jì)算1、第一區(qū)：高1.1m面積S5/4=65.84m2此區(qū)域需流量Q=Sx10.2L/minm2=65.84x10.2=671.57L/min=11.2L/s每個(gè)噴頭的流量為q=671.57/34=19.8L/min，間距1.76m。據(jù)此選水幕噴頭SMTBD-22-120，主要參數(shù)如下：特性系數(shù)K=11.81.1Q=222L/min霧化角=12010°接管螺紋1/2“由公式q=Kq——噴頭流量（L/min）P——噴頭工作壓力（MPa）K——噴頭流量系數(shù)上圖節(jié)點(diǎn)1到18進(jìn)行水力計(jì)算，如表一。表一頂環(huán)編號(hào)流量L/min壓力MPa管徑mm長(zhǎng)度m水力損失編號(hào)流量L/min壓力MPa管徑mm長(zhǎng)度m水力損失1220.3510235.30.4411-2201.760.004501.760.003244.220.35411260.20.4442-3201.760.015501.760.004366.950.36912285.30.4483-4251.760.01501.760.004490.00.379310.50.4524-5251.760.018501.760.0055113.60.397335.80.4575-6321.760.006501.760.0066137.40.403361.30.4636-7321.760.009501.760.0077161.40.412386.90.4707-8321.760.012501.760.0088185.80.424412.80.4788-9401.760.007500.880.0049210.40.431825.60.482401.760.01825.60.48229.040.132總的損失=1.2x沿程損失=1.15x0.132=0.15182、第二區(qū)：高2.0m5/4=119.65m2此區(qū)域需流量Q=Sx10.2L/minm2=119.65x10.2=1220.27L/min=20.34L/s每個(gè)噴頭的流量為q=1220.27/34=35.9L/min，間距1.76m。據(jù)此選水幕噴頭SMTBD-40-120，主要參數(shù)如下：特性系數(shù)K=21.41.6Q=403L/min霧化角=12010°接管螺紋3/4“由公式q=Kq——噴頭流量（L/min）P——噴頭工作壓力（MPa）K——噴頭流量系數(shù)上圖節(jié)點(diǎn)1到18進(jìn)行水力計(jì)算，如表二。表二二環(huán)編號(hào)流量L/min壓力MPa管徑mm長(zhǎng)度m水力損失編號(hào)流量L/min壓力MPa管徑mm長(zhǎng)度m水力損失1400.3510422.30.4491-2251.760.004701.760.003280.260.35411467.80.4522-3251.760.014701.760.0033121.30.36812513.450.4553-4251.760.031701.760.0044164.050.399559.30.4594-5321.760.013701.760.0055207.490.412605.40.4645-6321.760.02701.760.0056247.800.432651.740.4696-7501.760.004701.760.0067290.380.436698.40.4757-8501.760.005701.760.0078333.500.441745.20.4828-9501.760.006700.880.0049376.940.4471490.40.486701.760.0021490.40.48629.040.136總的損失=1.2x沿程損失=1.2x0.136=0.16323、第三區(qū)與第二區(qū)基本相同，只進(jìn)行流量與壓力的校核。見(jiàn)表三表三三環(huán)編號(hào)流量L/min壓力MPa管徑mm長(zhǎng)度m水力損失編號(hào)流量L/min壓力MPa管徑mm長(zhǎng)度m水力損失1400.3510420.80.4551-2251.760.004501.760.01280.260.35411466.90.4652-3251.760.014701.760.0033121.30.36812513.20.4683-4251.760.031701.760.0044164.050.399560.50.4724-5321.760.013701.760.0055207.490.412607.70.4775-6321.760.02701.760.0056247.800.432655.10.4826-7501.760.004701.760.0067290.380.436702.80.4887-8501.760.005701.760.0078333.500.441750.80.4958-9501.760.006700.880.0049376.940.4471501.60.499501.760.0081501.60.49929.040.14949=0.17884、第四區(qū)：高7.7m461.0m2此區(qū)域需流量Q=Sx10.2L/minm2=461x10.2=4701.1L/min=78.35L/s由于流量比較大，所以噴頭相應(yīng)增加為48個(gè)。每個(gè)噴頭的流量為q=4701.1/48=98.0L/min，間距1.25m。據(jù)此選水幕噴頭SMTBD-100-120，主要參數(shù)如下：特性系數(shù)K=53.53.2Q=1005L/min霧化角=12010°接管螺紋3/4“由公式q=Kq——噴頭流量（L/min）P——噴頭工作壓力（MPa）K——噴頭流量系數(shù)下圖節(jié)點(diǎn)1到25進(jìn)行水力計(jì)算，如表四。表四四環(huán)編號(hào)流量L/min壓力MPa管徑mm長(zhǎng)度m水力損失編號(hào)流量L/min壓力MPa管徑mm長(zhǎng)度m水力損失11000.35131372.20.4281-2321.250.003801.250.0082200.50.353141484.00.4362-3321.250.0131001.250.0023302.850.366151596.00.4383-4501.250.0041001.250.0034405.760.3701708.40.4414-5501.250.0071001.250.0035509.640.3771821.10.4445-6501.250.011001.250.0036614.880.3871934.20.4476-7701.250.0031001.250.0047720.530.3902047.80.4517-8701.250.0061001.250.0048827.00.3962162.00.4558-9701.250.0071001.250.0049934.40.4032276.60.459701.250.0081001.250.0051042.70.4102391.80.464801.250.0051001.250.0061151.70.4152507.80.470801.250.0061001.250.0061261.50.4212624.50.476801.250.0071000.630.0035249.00.4795249.00.47929.380.129總的損失=1.3x沿程損失=1.3x0.129=0.1677由表一~表四得：四分之一油罐所需總流量Q=(5249+1501.6+1490.4+825.6)x1.15=10426.6L/min=173.78L/s則L=12.8m,選DN250鋼管，水力損失=0.013MPa流速v=3.48m/s四分之一油罐所需總水壓P=0.35+0.1518+0.128+0.013=0.643MPa五、立管尺寸的確定根據(jù)以上數(shù)據(jù)，第一環(huán)至二環(huán)段流量q=825.6L/min=13.76l/s管徑為DN80流速v=2.77l/s第二環(huán)至四環(huán)段流量q=3817.6L/min=63.63l/s管徑為DN150流速v=3.75l/s四環(huán)以下流量q=9066.6L/min=151.1l/s管徑為DN250流速v=3.10l/s以上為冷卻水噴淋計(jì)算。油罐泡沫消防部分計(jì)算：根據(jù)NFPA11罐壁到泡沫擋板距離d=600mm泡沫液供給強(qiáng)度12.2L/minm2供給時(shí)間20min二、大罐密封圈環(huán)型面積s=罐頂總表面積-不需要保護(hù)的面積=R2-r2=（R2-r2）=3.14x(38.132-37.632)=118.94m2所需總炮沫量=s泡沫供給強(qiáng)度=118.94x12.2=1451.1L/min=24.2l/s泡沫濃縮液的量（6%）=1451.1x20x6%=1741.32L三、根據(jù)油罐的圓周確定泡沫噴射口的設(shè)置數(shù)量1泡沫擋板使用高305mm時(shí)，泡沫噴射口在油罐圓周上的最大間距為12.2m；2泡沫擋板使用高610mm時(shí)，泡沫噴射口在油罐圓周上的最大間距為24.4m；本次設(shè)計(jì)擋板高于610mm，所以間距宜取24.4m油罐圓周長(zhǎng)度=d=3.14x76.25=239.425m噴射口數(shù)量=239.425/24.4=9.8125取為10個(gè)泡沫系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)圖，如下所示：四、管道水力計(jì)算一流量：每個(gè)噴射口所需要泡沫量=所需總泡沫量/10=24.2/10=2.42l/s二壓力：空氣泡沫產(chǎn)生器選PC4，選用DN50的焊接鋼管，具體參數(shù)如下：進(jìn)口壓力0.5MPa混合液流量4L/s發(fā)泡倍數(shù)>=6特性系數(shù)K=5.75流速v=1.88m/s沿程水頭損失=0.001772MPa（m）局部水頭損失=0.000532MPa（m）總水頭損失=0.002304MPa（m）管長(zhǎng)L=14m，則總管線的水頭損失=14x0.002304=0.0322MPa得H=h+h0+hz=0.0322+0.5+0.13=0.6622MPaH——油罐底部管線進(jìn)口壓力（MPa）h——系統(tǒng)管道的沿程壓力損失與局部壓力損失之和（MPa）h0——最不利點(diǎn)處泡沫產(chǎn)生器裝置的工作壓力（MPa）hz——最不利點(diǎn)處泡沫產(chǎn)生裝置與管道進(jìn)口的靜壓差（MPa）CALCULATIONSHEETOFONEOILTANK（英文）Coolingwatersystem1、TankParameter：Diameter=76.25mHigh=12.8m2、WaterquantityQ=πdh10.2L/min=3.14x76.25x12.8x10.2=31259.328L/minTotalfourstandpipe,eachstandpipe=31259.328/4=7814.832L/min3、Nozzlequantity=X=1.325°Nozzlequantityofeachring==135.8，應(yīng)為136個(gè)4、NozzleFluxandpressure1)Firstarea：H=1.1m65.84m2Q=Sx10.2L/minm2=65.84x10.2=671.57L/min=11.2L/sFluxofeachnozzle=671.57/34=19.8L/min.Checkoutbycomputer:Quantityofnozzle172shouldbeinsteadof136.Spacebetween:1.39m。Lostpressure=1.15x0.132=0.1518Thenominaldiameterofringpipe1is50mminaccordingtoflux、velocityofflow.Secondareaandthirdarea：H=2.0m119.65m2Q=Sx10.2L/minm2=119.65x10.2=1220.27L/min=20.34L/sFluxofeachnozzle=1220.27/34=35.9L/minCheckoutbycomputer:Quantityofnozzleare136.Spacebetween:1.76m。Lostpressure=1.2x0.136=0.1632Thenominaldiameterofringpipe2and3is65mminaccordingtoflux、velocityofflow.3)fourtharea:H=7.7m461.0m2Q=Sx10.2L/minm2=461x10.2=4701.1L/min=78.35L/sFluxofeachnozzle=4701.1/48=97.9L/minCheckoutbycomputer:Quantityofnozzle192shouldbeinsteadof136.Spacebetween:1.25m。Lostpressure=1.3x0.129=0.1677Thenominaldiameterofringpipe4is100mminaccordingtoflux、velocityofflow.4)FluxofOnefourthoiltank=(5249+1501.6+1490.4+825.6)x1.15=10426.6L/min=173.78L/sThenominaldiameterofstandpipeis250mminaccordingtoflux、velocityofflow.Lostpressure=0.013MPaFoamsystem1、AccordingtoNFPA11Thedistancefromtankshelltofoamdam:600mmFoamapplicationrate:12.2L/minm2Foamdischargetime:20minutesProportioningrate: