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形容詞和副詞形容詞修飾名詞,描述其性質(zhì)、品質(zhì)、特性等的詞。一般“…的”的詞都是形容詞。如:Sheisabeautifulgirl.(美麗的)在句中作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語。如:Ihaveaninterestingbook.(interesting有趣的,修飾book,在句中作定語)Wearehappytoday.(happy快樂的,在句中作表語)Studentsshouldkeeptheirclassroomcleanandtidy.(clean干凈的,tidy整潔的,在句中都作賓語補(bǔ)足語)多個形容詞同時修飾一個名詞時的排列順序限定詞+外觀類+形狀+年齡+顏色+國籍+材料+名詞(簡記:縣官行令色國才)如:atall17-year-oldblackAmericanboy.一個17歲的高個子黑皮膚美國男孩。thebigroundredwoodentable.又大又圓的紅色木質(zhì)飯桌。副詞:通常修飾動詞,表達(dá)動作的限度、方式等。還可修飾形容詞、副詞,有時修飾整個句子,在句中作狀語。一般“…地”的詞都是副詞。如:Youmustlistentotheteachercarefully.(仔細(xì)地,認(rèn)真地)副詞的分類1)時間副詞:now,today等2)頻度副詞:always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never2)地點(diǎn)副詞:here,there,upstairs,downstairs等3)方式副詞:carefully,fast,well,politely等4)限度副詞:much,little,quite等5)疑問副詞:how,when,where,why等形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化成副詞一般在形容詞后加ly,如:quick-quickly以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的形容詞,變y為i,加ly,如:happy-happily以ue結(jié)尾的形容詞,去e加ly,如:true-truly注:有些詞兼有形容詞和副詞的詞性,如:fast,hard,high,late,far等,它們的詞性只有通過具體語境來判斷。此外,有些以ly結(jié)尾的詞不是副詞,而是形容詞,如:friendly,lovelylonely,lively等。形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級構(gòu)成比較級:兩者之間進(jìn)行比較時形容詞和副詞的變化形式,如tall-taller,well-better最高級:三者或三者以上進(jìn)行比較時形容詞和副詞的變化形式,如long-longest比較級和最高級的變化規(guī)則:規(guī)則變化(單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)):在詞尾直接加-er/est,如:short-shorter-shortest詞尾是e,只加-r/st,如:nice-nicer-nicest以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的,變y為i再加-er/est,如:happy-happier-h(huán)appiest重讀閉音節(jié),末尾只有一個輔音字母,雙寫該輔音字母,再加-er/est,如:big-bigger-biggest其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞,其前加more/most,如:more/mostdelicious不規(guī)則變化:如下表(簡記為:好、壞、多、少、遠(yuǎn))詞義原級比較級最高級好good/wellbetterbest壞bad/badly/illworseworst多many/muchmoremost少littlelessleast遠(yuǎn)farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest五.形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級用法:1.原級的用法:用于兩者之間對比,意思為“……和……相同”相稱于thesameas…肯定句:A+動詞.+as+形容詞/副詞原級+asBTomisashonestasJack.JackrunsasfastasPeter.否認(rèn)句:A+動詞.+notas/so.+形容詞/副詞原級+asBThistreeisnotas/sotallasthatone.2.比較級的用法:1)A+動詞+形容詞/副詞比較級+than+BSusanishappierthanJane.LilyrunfasterthanMary注:形容詞/副詞比較級前還可以用much,even,still,alittle,far,alot,abit來修飾。2)數(shù)字(倍數(shù))+形容詞/副詞比較級+thanI’mtwoyearsolderthanyou.Ourclassroomistwicebiggerthanyours.3)比較級+and+比較級,表達(dá)“越來越……”Theearthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.4)the+比較級,the+比較級,表達(dá)“越……,就越……”Themore,thebetter.越多越好。(多多益善)3.最高級用法:用于三者及以上的人或事物的比較,最高級前加the,最高級前有物主代詞,序數(shù)詞和名詞所有格時,不加定冠詞,后面跟帶in或of表范圍的短語。1)oneofthe+最高級ShanghaiisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina.2)比較級句型表達(dá)最高級意義A+動詞+比較級+than+anyother+B(單數(shù))如:TheChangjiangRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.A+動詞+比較級+than+theother+B(復(fù)數(shù))如:TheChangjiangRiverislongerthantheotherriversinChina.以上兩句意思相稱于:TheChangjiangRiveristhelongestriverinChina.隨堂演練(滿分100分)一、寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級、最高級(23*1分=23分)

old________(dá)

young____(dá)___

tall______(dá)

long_____(dá)___

short_____(dá)___

strong________(dá)

big________(dá)

small_______(dá)

fat(yī)__(dá)______

thin_____(dá)_____

heavy____(dá)__light______(dá)__

nice__(dá)____(dá)__good__(dá)__(dá)___(dá)__

beautiful____(dá)__(dá)__(dá)___(dá)__(dá)____

low__(dá)_______

high__(dá)____(dá)___

slow___(dá)____

fast___(dá)_____(dá)

lat(yī)e_____(dá)____

early_________(dá)

far_____(dá)____(dá)

well__(dá)____(dá)_二、根據(jù)句意填入單詞的對的形式:(23*1分=23分)1.Mybrotheristwoyears__(dá)____(dá)___(dá)_(old)thanme.2.Tomisas_____(dá)___(fat(yī))asJim.3.Isyoursister__(dá)______(dá)__(dá)(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.4.Whois_______(dá)____(dá)(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.5.Whosepencil-boxis_________(dá)_(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.6.Mary’shairisas__(dá)____(dá)____(dá)(long)asLucy’s.7.Ben______(jump)_____(dá)___(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.8.____(dá)____(dá)Nancysing__(dá)_____(dá)___(well)thanHelen?Yes,she_____(dá).9.Fangfangisnotas__(dá)__(dá)__(dá)___(tall)astheothergirls.10.Myeyesare____(dá)______(big)than____(dá)__(dá)__(she)..11.Whichis___(dá)____(dá)___(dá)_(heavy),theelephantorthepig?12.Whogetsup_________(early),TimorTom?13._____(dá)thegirlsgetup___(dá)___(dá)_(early)thantheboys?No,they__(dá)__(dá)__.14.Jimruns___(dá)__(dá)(slow).ButBenruns_____(slow).15.Thechilddoesn’t__(dá)___(write)as___(dá)_(fast)asthestudents.三、小小翻譯家:(62*0.5分=31分)1、誰比Jim年紀(jì)大?是你。____(dá)__(dá)__(dá)is_____(dá)____thanJim?

______(dá)__are.2、誰比David更強(qiáng)壯?是GaoShan.__(dá)__(dá)____

__(dá)___(dá)___(dá)_thanDavid?

GaoShan

________.3、誰的鉛筆更長,他的還是她的?我想是她的。___(dá)______pencilis_____(dá)____,__(dá)___(dá)_or_____(dá)___?__(dá)______is,Ithink.4、誰的蘋果更重,你的姐姐的還是你的弟弟的?

我的弟弟的。_____(dá)___(dá)_apples

____(dá)____(dá)

________,your_____(dá)__oryour_____(dá)__(dá)?My___(dá)______(dá)___

_______(dá)____.5、你和你的叔叔同樣高嗎?是的。___(dá)___(dá)________(dá)___as_____(dá)___(dá)_asyouruncle?Yes,Iam.6、他和他的朋友Jim同樣年輕。He_______as

___(dá)___(dá)____as____(dá)___(dá)_

________Jim.7、她和她的雙胞胎哥哥同樣胖嗎?不,她比他瘦。____(dá)___________(dá)_as_________(dá)as__(dá)____(dá)twin____(dá)___?No,_____(dá)_______(dá)_____(dá)_thanhim.8.YangLing天天睡得比SuYang晚。YangLing___(dá)____(dá)_to__(dá)_____

_______(dá)_thanSuYangeveryday.9.我跳得和Mike同樣遠(yuǎn)。I________(dá)_as_____(dá)__asMike.10.Tom比你跑得快嗎?不是的,他和我跑得同樣快。____Tom___(dá)__

_____thanyou?No,he_______.He____(dá)_as_____as____(dá)_.11.多做運(yùn)動,你會更強(qiáng)壯。________(dá)moreexercise,you’ll___(dá)_____

_________soon.12.我的科學(xué)很好,但是語文不好。I__(dá)____(dá)_____(dá)__(dá)_atScience.ButIdon’t_______(dá)__(dá)wellinChinese.13.你放風(fēng)箏比王兵放得高嗎?不,我比他放得低。____you__(dá)_____(dá)thekite___(dá)__thanWangbing?No,I_____(dá)_it____(dá)_than__(dá)_.14.我喜歡游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。Ilike_____(dá)__(dá).Allmy____(dá)__

__(dá)_____

____(dá)__(dá)_thanme.15.我的姐姐起得比我早。My__(dá)__(dá)_

_____(dá)up__(dá)___thanme.16.女孩比男孩唱得好嗎?是的。____(dá)thegirls__(dá)__(dá)__(dá)

____(dá)__(dá)

__(dá)____theboys?Yes,they____.17.她不擅長體育。但我跳得沒有她高。Shedoesn’t___(dá)_

__(dá)___

inPE.ButIdon’t

___(dá)___

_____than____(dá)_.18.你足球踢得比你的同班同學(xué)好嗎?不,他們踢得和我同樣好。__(dá)_you__(dá)__football___(dá)__thanyourclassmates?No,they__(dá)__(dá)as____(dá)asme.五、選詞填空(18*1分=18分)1.Mysisterisgetting___(dá)__.A.faterandfat(yī)erB.fatterandfatterC.morefatterandfatterD.moreandmorefat(yī)ter2.Theyare_______(dá)_tousthanbefore.A.friendB.friendlyC.morefriendlyD.friendier3.Jackisthe__(dá)____boy________(dá)ourclass.A.tallest.inB.taller.inC.mosttall.ofD.moretall.of4.Itisnot__(dá)__(dá)___(dá)warm_________yesterday.Putonmoreclothes.A.so.onB.so.inC.as.a(chǎn)tD.as.as5.HanA.beautifulB.beauitifulierC.morebeautifulD.themostbeautiful6.BothAndyandIdriveslowly.Tomdrivesfast.SoTomdrives_____(dá)___ofall.A.slowerB.theslowestC.fasterD.thefastest7.Mysisterisa___(dá)___(dá)__(dá)___(dá)_girl.

A.good

B.well

C.very8.一Isityourtoytaxi?一No.____(dá)_____(dá)__(dá)it’shis.

A.Maybe

B.May

C.Maybe9.______areyou?—I’m__(dá)____(dá),thankyou.

A.What;good

B.How;fine

C.What(yī);fine

D.How;good?10.一Canyouhelpme?—____(dá)_______(dá).

A.Yes

B.Excuseme

C.Certainly

D.How

11.ThegrassaroundmyhouseisVery___(dá)___(dá)__.

A.black

B.blue

C.green?12.Theskyis____(dá)___(dá)_.Thec1oudis__(dá)____(dá)___.A.blue;red

B.red;brown

C.blue;white?13.Thechildis____(dá)__(dá)____(dá)kind.

A.much

B.verymuch

C.very?14.一CouldIuseyourpen,please?

—_____(dá)_____.

A.No

B.Certainly

C.Excuseme?15.I____(dá)__(dá)___gotoSchoolat8:00a.m.

A.very

B.much

C.often?16.Ihavean____(dá)_____doll.

A.oldbeautiful

B.beautifulo1d

C.smallold?17.MrWangisa_____(dá)___(dá)_teacher.

A.talloldEnglish

B.Englisholdtall

C.oldtallEnglish?18.Orangesare___(dá)__(dá)___(dá)__(dá).

A.purple

B.blue

C.orange課后練習(xí)一、按規(guī)定寫出下列單詞的比較級和最高級1.good______(dá)__________2.thin____(dá)________(dá)______(dá)_3.heavy___(dá)__(dá)___(dá)__(dá)__(dá)___(dá)4.happy__(dá)_____(dá)___(dá)_____(dá)5.long_____(dá)_________(dá)__(dá)___6.little__(dá)_____(dá)___(dá)__(dá)__(dá)___7.far__(dá)______(dá)_____(dá)__(dá)__8.careful______(dá)__(dá)_____(dá)___(dá)_9.slow______(dá)_______(dá)___10.well___(dá)___(dá)___(dá)_____(dá)_11.low__(dá)___(dá)___(dá)___(dá)__(dá)___(dá)__12.beautiful____(dá)_______(dá)____(dá)__(dá)13.large____(dá)_________14.famous__(dá)___(dá)_____(dá)______(dá)15.delicious___(dá)__(dá)___(dá)_______(dá)___16.interesting____(dá)____(dá)_____(dá)___(dá)__17.important______(dá)__(dá)______(dá)___(dá)__(dá)_18.cheap__(dá)___(dá)_______19.easy__(dá)____(dá)____(dá)____(dá)20.high__(dá)__?__(dá)______(dá)__(dá)二、根據(jù)句意,用所給形容詞或副詞的對的形式填空1.Jimworks___(dá)_____(hard),buthisbrotherworks__(dá)____(dá)__(hard)thanhim.2.It’smuch____(dá)__(dá)__(dá)(hot)todaythanyesterday.3.MrSmithisthe__________(rich)maninthisoffice.4.Thismatchis___(dá)____(dá)_(exciting)ofthethree.5.Mymotheristhe__(dá)_____(busy)inmyfamily.6.Beijingisoneofthe________(dá)_(beautiful)cityinChina.7.Thisbookis___(dá)_____(interesting)thanthatbook.8.Whichgoes__(dá)___(dá)__(dá)_(quick),thebusorthecar?9.Look!Hishandsare___(dá)___(dá)______(big)thanmine.10.Ithinkyoudothesethings___(dá)____(dá)__(well)thanyourclassmates.11.Whosebagis_____(dá)____(dá)__(dá)(heavy),yoursormine?12.DoesJimrunas___(dá)______(dá)_(slow)asDavid?Yes,butMikeruns___(dá)__(dá)__(dá)__(slow)thanthem.13.I’mvery____(dá)_____(dá)__(dá)_(thin),butshe’s______(dá)____(dá)_(thin)thanme.14.Myeyesare______(dá)____(dá)(big)than________(she).25.Mybrotheristwoyears__(dá)__(dá)___(dá)___(dá)(old)thanme.三、單項選擇題1.Whichsubjectdoyoulike__(dá)__(dá)___,mathsorEnglish?A.goodB.betterC.wellD.best2.Thisredroseis_____(dá)__ofallflowers.A.beautifulerB.muchmorebeautifulC.themostbeautifulD.beautiful3.Mybookisnewerthan_____(dá)___(dá).A.heB.hisC.ourD.we4.Heis______(dá)__(dá)student

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