2023年北京地區(qū)成人本科學(xué)士學(xué)位英語考試真題及答案

北京地區(qū)成人本科學(xué)士學(xué)位英語統(tǒng)一考試5PartIReaｄiｎgCoｍpｒｅhenｓｉon(３０%)Ｄirecｔions:Ｔheｒearｅｔｈreepａssａgesintｈｉspaｒt.Eachｐaｓｓageiｓfoｌlowedbysｏmeqｕestｉｏｎsorｕnfｉnishｅdｓｔaｔｅmｅｎts.ＦｏｒeacｈofthｅmthereaｒefｏurcｈｏｉｃesmａrｋｅdＡ,B，CａnｄD．YoushoulｄｄeciｄｅoｎthebestchoiceandblａcｋｅｎtｈecoｒrespondingleｔterｏntｈeAnsweｒShｅｅt.Ｐａssage1Ｑueｓtiｏnｓ１ｔo5aｒebaｓedontｈｅｆollｏwiｎgpaｓsａge:Themostfamouscｏｌlectionｓoffairｙｔａles(童話)aｒeｔheoneｓbｙJakobａndWilheｌmGriｍm．ThｅGrｉｍｍspublishedｔheiｒfｉrstfaｉry-ｔalecollectｉonin1812.Theydiｄn’tthinktheywereｗｒitｉngｆorｃhｉldｒen.ＴｈｅythoｕghttheyｗerｅｐreseｒvingdisaｐpeａringGermaｎfolｋcultｕre．Theirｆiｒsteｄitｉon(版本)ｗasascｈoｌarlyｂookｔhatcarｅfullyｒecordedｔｈeoraltａles.Thｅyｗeresurｐrisｅｄwhensomeoftｈeiｒeａrlyreaderssｕggesｔedthatｔhestｏriesmightbeｉnterestiｎgtｏcｈiｌdｒeｎ.BｕttｈeGrimmsｎeedｅdmｏｎey.Theｙhadmａdeａbaddealwithｔhｅirpｕbｌisherandrecｅivedlｉｔtlepaymｅntfoｒｔｈｅirfｉrsｔbook.AtoneｐointＷｉlhelmｃoｍplainedtherｅwａsn’ｔachaiｒinｈiｓhouseoneｃouldsitonｗithouｔｗoｒryｉｎgitwｏｕldbreａk．Sohetooｋthehｉｎtandｓｅtｔｏwｏｒｋtomakｅaｂookｔhａt(yī)woulｄｂesuｉtablｅｆorcｈildren.Hesｅｌecteｄafｅwoｆthetaｌes，ｍadeｔhemmuchlonger,ａndpolisｈeduｐthelａｎguage．Hedidｎ’tａddmｏrals,bｕthｅdｉdｓliｐincｈaｒacterjudgｍentsaｎdmｏｒaliｚｉngcommentswhｅreverheｃoulｄ.TｈeGrｉmms’faiｒytalesａlsohaveｏｎｅｃhaｒaｃterｉｓtｉcthaｔｗｏuｌdseemtｏmaｋethemunsuiｔablｅｆorｃhｉldren.Manyofｔhｅminｃludeviｏｌeｎtｉｎcidｅnts.In“ＨａnsｅlａnｄGretel”anoldwomａnｉｓbｕrnｅdｔodeａt(yī)ｈiｎanoven,aｎdiｎ“LittleＲedRiｄingHｏoｄ”achildisｅatｅnｂyａｗolｆ.Ｗｈeｎherｅviｓｅdthetａlｅsｆｏrｃhｉｌdren,ＷｉｌｈelｍGrimmｒｅｔaｉnedtheviolence.Iｎｆaｃt,hesomｅｔｉmeseveｎrampedituｐ.Forｅxample,inｔhｅfirsｔeditionoｆtｈetaleｓ，Ｃinderellａfoｒgivｅshersistersaｔtheｅｎd.Iｔ’sｏnlyinthesecondedｉtioｎ，ｔheoneｉntｅndedforchiｌdren,thatｈerｂirdsｐeck(啄)ouｔthｅireｙｅs．Whｙ,thｅn,ｈavetheGrimms’faiｒｙtａlｅsbｅcｏmeｃｌassiｃｓｏfcｈｉldren’sliterａt(yī)ｕrｅ,sｏmuchsothatitishardtｏimagiｎｅaｃhildwｈｏｄoesn’tknowCinderella’sｓｔorｙoｒSnｏwWhite’s?Ｏneansｗeristｈatonlyａｆewoｆtheｔalessｕrviｖeｄｉntoｍodemtｉｍｅs.ＴｈefirstｅditioｎｏftheＧｒimｍs’fairyｔaｌeｓｈａｄ210ｔａlｅs.Bｙ１825itｗasdownto50.Ａnｄtodayoｎｌyadozenorｓoofthetalesａreoftenreprintedｉncｈildｒen’ｓcollｅctions.（76)Butthｅdeeｐeraｎswｅｒｉsthaｔｔhetalesthathavelａsteｄarｅmagｉcａlａｄventuｒestｈatheｌｐｃhilｄrｅndealwiththestrugglesaｎdfearｓofｔhｅireｖeｒydaｙlivｅs．1.WｈydidWilhｅlmGrｉmmｓetoutｔoadapｔhisbookforcｈｉlｄrｅn?A.Ｔodealwｉｔhreａdeｒs’coｍplaiｎts．B．Ｔoｉmprovehisfiｎａncialｓｉtｕatioｎ.Ｃ.Attheｒｅquｅstoｆhispuｂｌiｓｈer.D.Toｐrｅseｒｖetheaｎcienｔstorieｓｉｎprｉnt.2.Wｈenrｅvisingthefaiｒｙtales,WilheｌmdidallｏｆthefoｌlowingEXＣＥPＴ.A.addinｇchａｒacterｊudgmｅｎtsＢ．makingtheｔａlesmuchlongerC.dｅletｉｎgtheviｏlentscｅnｅsD.ｐoliｓhiｎgupthｅlanguａｇe3．Whａｔｄoｅsｔheexpreｓｓion“ｒamｐeｄｉtup”iｎＰａragrapｈ３ｐroｂaｂlymｅan?A.Ｓtａrted.B.Allｏwｅｄ.C.Clａssｉfｉｅd.D.Iｎｃrｅasｅｄ.4.ＷhichofｔｈefolloｗｉｎgsｔatementｓabｏｕｔtheＧｒiｍｍs’fairyｔａlesisＴRUＥacｃordiｎgｔothepａsｓage?Ａ.Thｅｙweｒeoriｇiｎaｌlｙｉｎtendｅdtｏｂechｉｌdrｅn’sstｏrieｓ.B．Genｅrａllyｓpｅaking,tｈｅtalesｔhathaveendｕredcaｎhｅｌpchiｌdreｎdealwｉｔhtｈｅchallengesliｆebｒingｓｔothｅｍ.C.Alarｇenｕmberｏfthｅtalｅsmadeittothｅmodemａge.D.Theｙaｒelessｖｉolentｔｈanthecｈildrｅｎ’ssｔorｉｅsbeｉｎgwritｔentoｄａy．５.Whaｔisthepasｓaｇemainlyconceｒnedｗith？Ａ.Historyｏｆfａirytalｅs.B．Waｙｓtｏprｅｓervetheoｒalｔｒaditioｎ.C．TheGｒiｍmｓ’fairytales.D.Violenceｉnfairytales.Ｐassａge2Queｓtiｏｎs6to１0aｒｅbasedonthｅfollowｉngpassage:.Astheｓcｈoolyｅａｒkｉｃksｏff，ｐarｅｎtsaｒeｏncｅａgaiｎstragglingtocajole(哄編)anｄ,iｆneｅdbe，dｒａgtｈｅiｒexｈauｓｔedteenｓouｔofｂeｄ.Ｔhａt(yī)imagemaymakeｙoulaugh,butlａckｏfsleepisnojoｋｅ.（77)Teenａgeｒswhoｄｏn’tｇetｅnouｇhｒestｈaｖｅmorｅｌeａrｎing.heａlｔh~behａvｉｏrandmoodｐroblｅmｓｔｈａnstudentswｈｏgetatｌeasｔｎｉnehourｓanｉｇｈt.Long-ｔermlackoｆsｌeepistiedtohｅarｔdisease,overｗeigｈｔ,ｄｅprｅssionanｄaｓhｏrtenｅdlifespanｉnａｄults，ｉｎｄicａt(yī)ingｔheimportａｎｃeoｆesｔaｂｌｉｓhinggooｄsleephabitsearlyinlife.Lackｏfslｅｅpcaｎbeespecialｌydeaｄｌyfortｅens;caraｃcideｎtsarethelｅadｉngcauseofdｅaｔｈamoｎgteenaｇeｒs,andsafeｔyeｘpｅrtsbelｉeｖeｓleｅpｙdｒｉｖｉngisamaｊｏrfａcｔoｒ．Unfortｕnａｔely,fewteｅnaｇersgｅtthesleeptｈeｙneed．Iｎａsurveyofmiddｌe－andｈigh-ｓchooｌsｔudｅnｔｓ，UｎｉversｉtyofＣoloradorｅsearcｈeｒsfoｕｎdthat８2perｃentsaiｄtｈｅywoｋeuｐtireｄａnｄunrefreshｅd,ａnｄmｏrethanhalｆhadｔｒouｂｌecoｎｃｅntraｔｉnｇduringｔｈeｄaｙａt(yī)ｌeaｓtonｃeａweeｋ.Blａmemultiｔaskingforsｏｍeofthiｓ．Mａnysｔudenｔsarejugglingafteｒ-ｓchoolactｉｖiｔｉeｓ,hｏmｅworkａndｐａrｔ-tiｍｅｊｏbｓ.Eveｎwhｅntheyｍanagetｏfｕlｆilltheｓeobｌigatｉoｎsｂｙarｅａsｏnablehoｕr,ｔｅlevision,theＩntｅrnｅｔ,videogａｍes，ｐhonecaｌlsanｄtｅxｔmessagｅｓｔofrｉendｓｏftenkeｅpthemawaｋedeepｉntｏtｈenigｈt.Takinｇsｏdａａｎdenergyｄrinkｓlateｉｎｔhedａyａｎｄgｏiｎｇｔｏlａt(yī)ｅ－nightparｔiesonweｅkｅnｄsaｄｄtosleｅpdebt.Biologyaｌsoworksaｇainstteeｎａgｅrs’slｅep，Tｈebody’sintｅｒnａlclock,whicｈcoｎｔrolｓｗhｅnaｐｅrｓｏnstarｔsｔｏｆｅeｌtiｒed，sｈiftsafterpｕｂｅrtｙ(青春期),mａkinｇitharｄformostｔeenｓtoｆallａsleepｂｅｆoｒe11pｍ.Ｃｌaｓsusualｌybeginsbeforｅ８:15ａm，witｈmanyhigｈschoolｓstarｔingaｓeａrlyas７:15aｍ.Toｇettｏschoｏlontｉme,mostteeｎｓhａvetoｇｅtuｐby6:３0am，guaｒａnｔeeinｇtheｙ’llｂeslｅep-dｅpriveｄduｒｉngtheweek.Teeｎsｏfｔeｎｓleｅｐmuchｌａt(yī)eronweekendsｔocatchup，ｍakinｇiteveｎharｄeｒｔofalｌaｓleｅpoｎSｕndａｙnightａndwaｋeuｐＭondａyｍoｒning.Plａyingcａt(yī)ch－uｐoｎｗeekｅｎdsalsoｄoesｎ’thelｐteensstａyreｆreｓｈeｄwhentheyneeｄｉtmｏｓt：dｕringthｅwｅｅkatschooｌ.Sｉｎcｅtｈe1９90s,ｍiｄdｌeａnｄhｉghscｈooｌsinｍoｒethａｎtwoｄoｚeｎsｔaｔｅｓhaｖeｅxpｅｒｉmentedwithlaterscｈoolsｔarttimeｓ.（78)Tｈｅｒesultsｈavebｅen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ｎenouｇhＤ.oｌdenougｈthｅn24.Bynomｅanslooｋdoｗnoｎｔhoｓewhoarｅlessｌuckyinlifｅtｈanｗeare．A.wesｈoulｄB.shoulｄｗｅC.weｓhoｕｌdnotD.ｓhoｕldwｅnot２5.Hedidn’tｆeｅllikｅｔｈatdaｙsohesｔayedｉｎdoorｓreａdｉng．A.workingB．ｗｏｒksC．toｗｏｒkＤ.worked2６.Nｏsｏｏnｅrhadwestarｔeｄｏntheroａｄitbｅgａntorain.Ａ．whenB.ｔhａｎC.thｅnＤ.whｅneｖer2７.HｅdeciｄedtogofｏrasailiｎghｏlidａｙthefacｔthathewasusuallySeasick（暈船）.Ａ.becauｓeofB.inspiteofC.incａseoｆD.ａsaｒesulｔof２8．Whaｔｙoudｏinyouｒspareｔimeｉsyoｕrown．Howeveｒitｓｈouｌdｎoｔbeｈａｒmｆultoothers.A.buｓiｎesｓＢ.purchａseC.bａrｇainＤ.ｓalｅ29.Asaｇａrdｅｎer，Ｊimｈａstｏｗatertheflowersａndthegrassinthegardeｎｅverymornｉng.A.trimB．ｉｍprｏvｅC．refｉneD．repaｉr30.Thefiremeｎａrestillthｅｓｍallｆiresstaｒtedbｙtｈeｐｌanｅcrash．A.takｉｎgｏffB.settingａsideC.geｔｔｉngalonｇwｉthD．puttingoｕt31.Hedidn’tliveuｐtoｈadbｅenexｐectｅdofhim.A.thaｔＢ.ｗhaｔC.whｉchＤ.all32.Tｈeoldcouｐledecｉdedｔｏaｂoyandagirlｔhouｇhtheyhadthrｅeｏftｈeirowｎ．A.ａdａptＢ．bringC.receivｅD.adoｐｔ33.Thｅreｌatiｏnｓhｉpbetweｅnemployｅrｓandeｍｐloyeeshasbeeｎstudied．Ａ.oｒiｇinaｌlｙB.extreｍelyＣ.viｏlentｌyＤ.iｎtensiｖelｙ34.Thecarhalfwａyfornｏreaｓon.Ａ.bｒｏｋeoffB.brｏｋｅdｏｗnC.brokeupD.ｂｒokeｏut35．Thepoｌiｃeｔhaｔｈeｃommittedａsｅrｉｅｓofcrｉmeｓinthenoｒthoｆtｈｅｃiｔｙ.A．swelleｄB.ｓubmiｔtedC.sｕrveyedＤ.suspｅｃｔed36.Themanageｒｌosthiｓjustｂecauseｈiｓsｅcretarywaｓｔenminｕteslate.A.mooｄＢ.tｅmｐeｒＣ．mindD.pasｓｉｏｎ３7．Ｗegａveoutaｃheｅrwhｅntｈeｒedroofofｔｈecottagecamｅview.A．frｏmＢ．inC.ｂeforｅD.iｎtｏ38.IhavｅｋｅpｔthatportｒａitIｃansｅeｉtevｅryday，asiｔalwａysｒemｉｎdsｍeofｍyunivｅrsiｔyｄaysinＬondｏｎ.A.ｗｈichB.wｈereC．whethｅrＤ.wｈen39.Therooｍisinatｅrribｌemess;ｉtcｌｅaned．A.can’thavebeｅnB．ｍｕstn’thaveｂｅｅnC．shouldn’tｈaveｂeｅnD.woulｄn’ｔｈaｖebeeｎ４0．Youseethelightｎinｇｉthａｐpeｎs,butyouhｅaｒthethuｎderlatｅｒ.Ａ．ｔｈeｉnstaｎtＢ．foraninstantC.ontｈｅinstanｔＤ．inaniｎstaｎｔ４1.itornot，hiｓdiｓcoveryｈａscreaｔeｄastiriｎｓｃieｎtifiｃcirｃles.A.BｅlｉevｅB．ＴｏbelieveＣ.BｅlievingＤ.Ｂelieved42．Themeｄｉcinｅｉsｏｎsaleeverｙｗｈｅre.Youcａngeｔitａｔcｈeｍist’s.A.ｏｔheｒB．someC.cｅrtainＤ.aｎy４3.Ｙｏurhａiｒwanｔs．You’dbｅtｔerｈavｅｉtdonｅtomorroｗ.A．cｕtＢ.toｃｕtＣ.cuｔｔiｎgＤ.beingcut4４.Idon’ｔthinｋitaｄvisａbleｔｈａt(yī)Tｏmtothejobsinｃｅhehasnoｅｘperiｅnce．A.beassignｅdＢ.ｗｉｌｌbeassｉgneｄC．isaｓsiｇnedD．hａsbeenassigneｄ4５.Theｇｏalshｅｈadfougｈtallhislifenolongerｓｅemedimpｏｒtanttohim.A．ａｆterwhicｈＢ.witｈｗｈiｃｈC．forwhichD.atｗｈichPartIIIIdentｉｆｉｃａt(yī)iｏｎ(1０％)Directiｏns：EａchoｆthｅfｏllowingsenｔｅnｃeshasｆourｕｎderliｎedｐarｔｓmarkedA,Ｂ,CaｎdＤ．Idenｔifｙｔheonethatｉsｎｏtcoｒrect．TheｎblackeｎtｈecoｒｒesｐondiｎｇleｔｔerｏｎtｈｅAnsweｒSheeｔ.4６.Thｅsungiveｓofflightandwａｒｍｔｈ，thatmaｋｅｓitpossiｂlefoｒｐlantstｏgrow.ABCD47.SandｐaｉntiｎghasalsocalledｄryoｒearthpaiｎtｉngａndispracticedbyABCseveralAmericanIndｉanaｒtistｓ.Ｄ48.Hｕmans，liｋemａｎyoｔherａnｉmals,aｒewaｒm－ｂloodedwithaｆairlyｃoｎsｔaｎｔlｙAＢＣＤbodytemperature.49．Nｏwｔhａt(yī)thｅstrｅssｏfeｘaｍiｎａｔiｏnsandiｎｔerviewsareoｖeｒ,weｃanａllｒｅlaxABＣDfoｒawhiｌｅ.50.Thetallestｏftｈetwinswentｔoｓｅaｒchｆoｒｔhｅmiｓsｉnｇｊｅwｅls,tｈepictｕrｅofＡBwｈichyousａｗintodaｙ’ｓnewspaper.CD51.ＴheyarｅgｏingtohavethｅserｖiceｍａｎtoｂeiｎｓtａlledａｎeｌecｔrｉcfａniｎtｈｅＡBＣDofficetomorｒｏw.52.Ｏnlyundｅｒspecｉａlcｉrcumstancesfreshmｅnarepermｉｔｔeｄtotakemake-uｐtｅsts.ABCD5３.It’salreａｄy５o’cloｃｋｎoｗ.Don’tｙouｔｈiｎkit’saｂoｕttimewearegoinghｏme?ABＣD54.Deｓpitｅthewｏndeｒfuｌactｉngａnｄwelｌ-develoｐedplotthｅthrｅe－ｈoｕｒｓ’movieABCｃouldnotｈoｌdｏuratteｎtion.D55．PｅopleappｒeciatｅｔohaveworｋedwitｈｈiｍbecausｅｈｅhasaｇoodｓenseoｆＡＢChuｍｏr.DPartlyＣloｚe(１0%）Dｉｒeｃtions:Thｅrearｅ20blａｎｋsｉnthｅfollowinｇpasｓagｅ，aｎdfｏreachｂlankthｅrｅare４chｏｉcesmarkedA,B，ＣaｎｄDａt(yī)theenｄofｔｈｅpassaｇe．YoushoulｄchooseONEａnｓｗertｈatbeｓｔfiｔsintｏthepassage．TheｎbｌａcｋenｔhｅcorrespondingletｔerｏnｔheAnswerSheeｔ.ＢyｔheｔｉmｅIｆiｎishedhｉghscｈoｏl,mｙｉｎterestｉｎaｎiｍaｌsｈadｇroｗn，ａndＩenrolleｄaｔａunｉversｉtytostｕｄyｂiｏlｏgy.Ilearnedｓoonｅnoughthatｓtudｙｉnganimals５6ｔhisleｖeｌwasnotintheanimals’besｔ5７.Ireｍemberoｎemidtｅrｍｅｘamｉn58eaｃhstudｅnｔwashandedａlarge，ｆｒeshｌy-ｋilｌedfrｏgaｎd5９toｄｉｓsｅcｔ(解剖)andmarkａsetoｆｂodypaｒｔs．Ilooｋedatthe60fｒoｇinfrontofmeａnｄwaｓsaddｅnedｔｈatｈerlifewaｓ61awayforsuchasliｇｈt62.Aｙeａｒlａｔer，inｔｈesamｅlab６3Ｉdissｅctｅｄｔhefｒｏg,Ipｅrformedasｍaｌlａcｔofａnimａl６4．Ｗewｅrｅ6５onｆruitfliｅs，andｉtwastｉmetoｒecorｄtｈedisｔriｂutｉonｏfcｈaｒacｔｅｒisｔiｃsｉｎtheiｒneｘtgeneｒatiｏｎ.Ｆliｅsweｒe66inｓｍaｌlplastiｃｂｏttles.Counｔinｇthenumberｏfflieswithwhiteorｒｅdeyｅsｒequireｄfｉrstexposiｎｇtｈemtoethｅr（乙醚)６7theyｃｏｕldnoｔmovｅ.Thｅｆliesｗeｒｅtheｎsｐrｅadontｏaｐiecｅｏfwhitepapｅr68aｎdcoｕｎted．Ｗhenthedaｔaｃｏllｅctｉｏnwaｓ6９，thefｌｉｅｓhadnofurｔhｅrｕｓe,andouriｎstructｉonsweｒeto７0ｔheｍｉntoasmalｌｇlaｓsdishoｆoｉlaｔthecenteroｆeachdｅｓk,whiｃhwａstoｂetheｉrｆｉnalreｓtｉnｇ7１O(jiān)ncemylitｔｌｅｐiｌｅoｆflieshａdbeeｎcouｎted,Ｉpｕsｈeｄthemofｆtheedgeｏｆtheｐａｐer.Ａｓwerecｏｒdedｏurｄata,Ikeptonｅeye72them.Ｗithinmiｎutｅsthepilｅwashumminｇ(嗡嗡叫)ａstinyleｇsandwingｓbeattheiｒwayｏutofthｅetｈerfｏg．Ｉｗaｓextreｍelｙeｘｃitｅｄasthey73fliｇht.Thatwasｍyfirsｔ74ｉｎrefusｉngｔoconductscienｔｉficｒeｓｅａｒchtｈatｔrｅatｅｄnonｈｕmanliｆeina（n)75way.５6.A．a(chǎn)ｔB,ｗithＣ．forD．oｆｆ57.A.dutｉesB．inｔerｅstsC.ratｅｓD．hobbiｅｓ５8.A.whaｔB.tｈatC,whereD.which59.A.diｓｍissedB.drawnＣ.ｉnstructｅdD.ｍenｄｅｄ６0.A．ａｌiveB,deaｄ~C.livｉngD.ｗｏunded6１.A.ｍａdeＢ.brougｈtC.takenD.passed６2．Ａ．ｒeaｓoｎB.sｐｉrｉtC.ｓpaｃｅD.sｙstｅm6３.A.thatＢ．ｗhiｃhC.wｈａt(yī)D.where６4.A.opeｒatioｎＢ.libeｒatiｏnC.teｎｄencyＤ.weａltｈ65.A．expeｒimenｔｉｎgＢ.ｓtｒeｎgｔheninｇC.stiｍｕｌatiｎgD.subsｔitｕｔing６６.A.solveｄB.sｏakedC．ｒｅcoｖｅredＤ.kｅpt67.A.whiｌｅB．becausｅC.incａｓeD．sotｈaｔ6８.A.ｂeingexａmｉneｄＢ.tｏｂeexａminedＣ．beinｇopｅrａt(yī)edＤ-tobeｏpeｒaｔeｄ6９．A．ｐrelｉmｉnaryB．progrｅssiveC.completｅD.curｉｏｕs7０.A．pｕtB.ｒaｉsｅC.ｒouｓeD,spoil７１.Ａ.shａｄｅB.shａdo