2023年考研英語(yǔ)真題超詳解

1996年年全真試題ＰaｒtⅠClｏｚeTestＤirectiｏns:Ｆoreachｎumｂeredblａnkｉnｔｈefolｌowinｇpaｓsage,ｔｈereａrefｏuｒｃｈoicesｍarkｅd［A］,[B］,[C]aｎd［Ｄ].ChooｓethebesｔoneandmaｒkｙouraｎsweｒoｎＡNSWERSHEＥT１byblａcｋeniｎgthｅcorｒeｓpoｎｄｉnglettｅrinｔhebracketｓ.(１0points)Ｖitaminsａrｅorgaｎiｃｃｏmｐouｎｄsｎeｃessarｙｉnsｍａｌｌamｏuntsinｔhedietforthｅnoｒmaｌgrｏｗthａndmaｉntenaｎceｏflifeofaｎｉmａｌｓ，iｎｃluｄｉngman.Theydonotprｏvideenｅｒgy,1ｄｏtheyconstｒuｃｔoｒbuiｌｄaｎypaｒｔoftheｂｏdｙ.Tｈeyarenｅe(cuò)dｅdfｏr2fｏｏdｓintoenergyandbｏdymaｉntenaｎce.Theｒｅarethｉｒteenｏrmoreofｔｈem，anｄｉf３isｍiｓsiｎｇadeficiencyｄisｅaseｂecｏmes4.Ｖitamiｎsarｅsｉｍilａrbecausetheyaremaｄeofｔhｅｓameelｅmeｎｔs—uｓｕallyｃａｒbon,hydｒogen,ｏxｙgen,aｎd5ｎitrogen.Ｔｈeyarｅdiｆferｅnt6theirｅｌementsareａrrangeddｉfｆereｎtｌy,aｎdｅachvitamin７oneｏrｍoｒespeｃifｉcfｕnctioｎsinthｅbody.８enoughvitamｉnsｉｓｅssenｔiａltolｉfe，altｈoughtｈebodyhasnonutｒitionalusｅfｏｒ9vitamins.Mａnypeoｐlｅ，10，bｅlieveiｎbeｉngｏｎthｅ“ｓafesiｄｅ”ａndｔhustａkeextrａｖiｔaｍｉns.However,aｗellbalanｃｅddietwilｌuｓuallyｍｅe(cuò)ｔａｌｌthebｏdy’svｉtamｉnneeds．

1.[A]eｉthｅr? [B]ｓo? [C］nor ?[Ｄ］ｎｅveｒ２．［A］shifｔinｇ [Ｂ]ｔransfeｒrｉｎg? [C］alｔｅｒing?[D］trａnsfoｒming3．［Ａ]ａｎｙ??［Ｂ]some???[C]anyｔｈｉｎg?[D］sｏmething4．[A］seriｏus [B］aｐparent? [Ｃ]sｅｖeｒe ?［D]fatal5.［A］mostly ?[B]partially???［Ｃ]sometimes?［D］rａreｌy6.［Ａ］inｔhａt(yī) ?[Ｂ]sothａt(yī) [C]sｕchthat?[D]ｅxceptthat7.[Ａ]ｕndｅrtaｋes ［B］ｈoｌｄs [C]pｌays? ［Ｄ］perfｏｒmｓ8.[A］Supｐlying [Ｂ］Gettinｇ ? ［C］Prｏviding?[D]Furniｓhｉng９.[Ａ］exceｐtｉoｎaｌ [B］exｃeeding ?［C］excess [D］external10.［A]nｅverｔheless?[B]therefｏre ?［C]morｅoｖer ［D］ｍeanwｈiｌePartⅡRｅadiｎgCompreheｎsiｏｎDirectioｎs:Eacｈoｆtｈｅｐａssaｇesｂelowisｆoｌｌowｅｄbysomeｑuesｔions.Foreachqｕesｔionstheｒeａreｆouransｗersmarｋｅd［A],［B］，[C］ａnd［D］.Readｔhepassａgｅｓcarｅfｕllｙａnｄｃhｏoseｔhebｅｓtaｎswｅrtoｅａchoftheｑuｅstiｏnｓ.ThenmarkyｏｕranswｅronＡNSＷＥRSHEET1ｂyblaｃkeｎingtｈｅcorresｐondｉngｌetterｉnｔheｂracｋeｔswithapencil.(４０poiｎtｓ)Passａge1Ｔigｈtlippedeldeｒsuｓedｔosay,“It’snoｔwhatyｏｕwaｎtｉｎtｈｉｓwoｒld，bｕtwhatyoｕgｅt.”P(pán)sycholoｇyｔｅachesthaｔyoｕｄｏgｅｔwhatyouwantifｙｏuknｏｗwhaｔyｏuwaｎtaｎｄwａnttherｉghttｈings.Yoｕcanｍａｋｅａmeｎtalbｌueprinｔofａｄeｓireasｙouwouldｍakeabluｅprintofahousｅ,aｎdｅachofusiscｏnｔinｕallymａkingｔhｅｓebｌuepｒｉｎtｓintｈegeneralｒｏuｔineofeｖerydayliving.Ｉfweｉntｅｎdtｏhavｅfriendｓtoｄinｎeｒ,wｅplaｎtｈｅmeｎu,ｍakeashoｐpinglｉst,decidewhｉchfｏodtocookｆiｒst,andｓｕｃhｐlanｎｉngisaneｓｓentｉalfｏｒａnyｔypeｏｆｍealtｏbeserved.Lｉkewise，iｆyouwanｔtofinｄaｊob，ｔａkeasheetofｐapeｒ,andｗriteabrｉefaccｏuntofyourseｌf.Inmａkinｇabｌuｅpｒｉntforａｊob，begｉnｗｉｔhyourself,forwhｅnyoukｎoweｘactlyｗhatyouｈaｖｅtooffｅr，yｏｕcanｉｎtelligentlｙpｌａnwheretoseｌlyoursｅrvicｅs．Tｈisａccoｕｎtofyｏurｓelfisａctuallyasｋｅｔchｏfyourworkinglifeaｎｄsｈoｕldinｃludeｅｄｕcatｉon,eｘperienｃeandreｆerences.Sｕcｈanaccountｉsvaluaｂle.Ｉtcanbereferreｄtｏｉnfilｌｉngｏｕtstａnｄardapｐliｃatiｏnblankｓandisｅxｔremelyhｅlpfulｉnperｓonaliｎterｖｉews．Wｈiletalkｉngtoｙou,youｒｃouｌｄbｅｅmployｅriｓdeｃidingwｈethｅryouｒeducation,ｙouｒｅxpｅrieｎce,ａｎdotherquａlifiｃatｉｏnswｉllpａｙhimｔoｅｍｐloyyoｕandyour“wａrｅs”aｎｄａbilｉtiesmuｓｔｂediｓplayeｄinaｎｏｒdeｒlyandreasｏnａblycｏnnecteｄmａnner.Whｅnyouhavｅcaｒefuｌlyｐrepaｒｅｄａblueｐriｎtofｙourabｉlｉtieｓanｄｄeｓirｅs,youhaveｓｏmｅｔhinｇｔangibｌetoselｌ．Theｎyouaｒeｒeaｄytohuntfｏrajoｂ.Ｇetaｌlthepossｉbｌeinｆormaｔｉonaｂoutyoｕrcouｌｄbeｊob.Makeiｎquiｒiｅsastothｅdetａilｓregardingtｈejobanｄtｈｅｆirm.Keepyｏｕreyeｓａndeａrsopeｎ,anｄｕｓeyourowｎjｕdgｍｅnt．Ｓpｅndaceｒtainamouｎtｏftiｍｅe(cuò)achdaｙｓeekｉngｔheemploymenｔyouwiｓhfｏｒ,andｋeeｐｉnmind:Sｅcuriｎｇａｊｏbiｓyouｒｊobnoｗ．11.Ｗhaｔdotheｅlｄerｓｍeanｗhｅntｈeyｓay,“Ｉt’snotwhａt(yī)ｙouwanｔinthisworlｄ,ｂuｔwhaｔｙoｕgｅｔ．”?[A]Yoｕ’ｌｌcｅrｔａｉnlygetwhatyouwaｎt.[B]Ｉt’ｓnouｓedreaming.[C]Yousｈouldbediｓsatisfiedwitｈｗｈaｔyouｈave.［D]It’sessenｔiaｌtosｅｔaｇoａｌｆoryourselｆ．12.Ａblueprintmadebeforeinｖｉtingafｒｉｅｎｄtｏｄiｎｎeriｓusｅdinｔhiｓｐａssagｅas

.[A］aniｌlusｔraｔｉoｎoｆhowtowｒiteanａpｐlicatｉonｆorａjob[B]aｎindｉcａｔionofhowtosｅcｕreagooｄｊob[C]ａｇuidｅｌineforjobdｅｓｃripｔion［Ｄ］ａpｒinciplｅforｊｏbevａｌuation13.Ａcｃｏrdiｎgtｏtｈepａssagｅ,onｅｍuｓtwriteanaccｏｕnｔofhimsｅlｆbｅｆｏrｅｓtaｒtingｔｏfindajｏbbｅｃaｕｓe

.［Ａ]thatiｓthefiｒststeptoｐleaｓeｔｈｅe(cuò)mpｌoyer[B］ｔhaｔisthｅrequirｅｍentoｆｔhｅｅｍｐｌoyｅｒ[C］ｉｔenableｓhimtokｎｏwｗｈenｔosｅlｌhisserviｃｅｓ［Ｄ]itfｏｒceshｉmｔoｂecomecｌｅarlyawareｏfhimsｅｌf14.Ｗhenｙouhaｖecarefullyprｅpareｄablueprintｏfyｏurａbilitiｅｓanddesireｓ,youhaｖesoｍｅthing

.［A]dｅｆinitetｏｏｆfer?? [B]imａginａryｔｏprｏvide[C]practicaltoｓｕpply ［D]dｅsiraｂｌetoｐresｅntPａsｓage2ＷiththesｔartofＢBCＷｏrlｄServicｅTelｅｖisioｎ,millionsofｖieｗeｒsｉnＡsiaanｄAmｅricacａnｎowwａt(yī)ｃｈtheCoｒpｏraｔioｎ’snewscoｖeraｇe,ａswelｌａslｉstｅｎｔoit．ＡnｄofcourｓeinBrｉtainｌｉsｔenersａndviewerscantunｅｉntotｗoBBCｔeleｖisionchａｎｎｅls，ｆivｅBＢCｎatｉonａｌraｄioseｒviｃesandｄoｚensofｌocalradｉｏｓtations．Tｈｅｙａｒebrｏｕｇhtspｏrｔ,comedy,ｄrama,mｕｓic,newsａndcurrｅntaffaiｒs,eｄucation,ｒｅlｉgｉon,parliａｍｅnｔａrycoverage,ｃhｉldｒen’spｒoｇrammesandｆｉｌmsforanannuａllｉcｅncefeeoｆ￡83pｅrhｏusehold.Itisａrｅmａrkableｒecｏrｄ,ｓtｒetcｈingbackover70years—yettheＢBC’sｆutureisnｏwinｄoubt．TheCｏrｐoｒatiｏnｗillsuｒviｖｅasaｐｕblｉcｌyfunｄedbroaｄcastｉｎgｏrｇaｎiｚation,atlｅａstforｔhetimebeinｇ,butitsroｌｅ,iｔssｉｚｅａnｄitsprogramｍesaｒｅnｏwｔhｅsubjectｏfanaｔioｎｗiｄedebａt(yī)eｉnBriｔａin.Thｅdeｂａt(yī)ewaslaunchｅdbytheGoｖerｎmｅnt,whiｃhｉnviteｄanｙoｎeｗitｈaｎｏpｉnioｎｏfｔheBＢC—incluｄingordｉｎarylistenersａndｖiewers—ｔoｓａywhａt(yī)wａsｇｏoｄorｂadabｏuttｈeCorporａt(yī)ion,ａｎdevenwhｅtheｒtheyｔhouｇhtitｗａsｗorthkｅe(cuò)ｐｉng.Ｔheｒeasｏｎforiｔsinquiryisthａt(yī)theBＢC’sｒoyalchａrtｅrrunsｏｕtiｎ１996aｎｄｉtｍｕｓｔdｅcidewhｅtｈｅｒtokeeptｈｅorgａnizationasitis，ortoｍakｅchanges．DefeｎｄｅｒｓoｆｔhｅCorｐoｒation—ofwhomtｈｅreａrｅmaｎy—arefoｎｄofquotingｔｈeAmｅricａnsｌoｇａn“Ifitａｉn’tｂroｋe,doｎ’tfiｘit.”TheBＢC“ain’tｂroｋe”,theysay,bywhichthｅｙmeaｎitｉsnotbｒｏｋen(ａsdisｔinctfromtｈｅwｏrd‘broke’，meanｉnｇhaｖinｇnｏmonｅy)，sｏwhybｏtherｔocｈangeit？YeｔｔheBBCwilｌhａvetｏcｈanｇe,bｅcauseｔhebrｏaｄcａstinｇworlｄaroｕndｉtｉschａnging.ThecoｍｍerｃｉalTVｃhanｎelｓ——IＴVａnｄＣｈanｎel4——wｅｒｅreqｕirｅdbytｈｅThatｃherGｏvｅｒnmｅnt’ｓBｒｏadｃastinｇActtｏbecomｅmorｅcｏｍmercｉal,cｏmpetiｎgｗiｔheaｃｈothｅｒforadverｔisers，ａnｄcｕttingcｏstsaｎ.Ｂutitisｔhearrivalｏfnewsaｔellitｅchａｎnels—fuｎdｅdｐarｔlyｂyaｄvｅrtisｉngandpartlybｙvｉewｅｒs’ｓuｂscrｉptiｏns—whｉchｗilｌｂrｉngabouｔtheｂigｇｅstchａnｇesinthelｏnｇtｅrｍ.1５.ThｅworldfａmousBBCnowfaｃes

．［A]tｈeｐroblemoｆnewscoveragｅ ?［Ｂ］anuncertaｉnｐroｓpect［Ｃ]ｉnquiriｅｓbytheｇeｎeralｐublic??[Ｄ］ｓhrinkaｇeofaudiencｅ16.Iｎｔheｐasｓａge,whiｃhofthｅfolｌowingaboｕｔtheBBCisnotmentｉonｅdａstｈekeyissue?［A］ExtｅnsiｏnofｉtsＴVsｅrｖｉｃｅtoFaｒＥast.[B]Ｐｒｏgramｍesasthｅsubjecｔofanation-wideｄｅbate．[C］Pｏtentｉalsforfｕrtherｉｎtｅrnatｉｏｎalｃｏ-operatiｏｎs．［D］Iｔsexiｓtenceａsａbroａdｃａstingorganization．1７．TｈeＢBC’s“rｏyalｃharteｒ”(Ｌiｎｅ4,Ｐaragrａｐh4)ｓｔaｎdsfor

．[Ａ]thefinancialsupｐoｒtfromｔhｅｒoｙａlfamily．[Ｂ］thepriviｌｅｇｅsｇranteｄbｙtheQueen.[C]acｏntrａctｗｉｔhtｈeQueen．［Ｄ]auniqｕeｒelａt(yī)ionshｉpwiththeｒoｙalfamiｌy．1８.TｈeｆoremostreasonwhｙtheBBChasｔoｒｅaｄjusｔitseｌfisnooｔhｅｒthaｎ

.［A］theemergｅncｅofcｏmmercｉalＴVcｈannels.[B]tｈeeｎｆｏrｃｅｍentofBroadｃastinｇAｃｔｂythegovｅrnmenｔ.［C]thｅｕｒgｅntneceｓｓiｔyｔoreduceｃostsandｊoｂｓ.[D］thechallengeofnewsatｅlliteｃhannels.Pａssagｅ3Intheｌａsthａlｆofｔhenineteｅnthcentｕry“capｉtal”ａnd“l(fā)aboｕr”wereｅｎlargｉnｇandpeｒfecｔｉnｇtｈeiｒriｖａｌorganｉｚatiｏnsoｎｍodernｌｉnes.Mａｎyａnoldfｉｒmwａsreplacedbyａlimitｅｄliａbiｌityｃoｍpanｙwithabｕreauｃracｙofsａlarieｄｍanagers．Thechａngemｅｔｔhｅｔｅchniｃalreqｕｉｒemenｔsofthenｅwagebyenｇagingalargｅprofesｓionalｅlemeｎtａndpreventedtｈedecｌineineffｉciencｙthatsocomｍoｎlｙｓpoｉledthefortｕneｓofｆamilyfirmsｉｎｔheｓeｃondaｎdthirｄgeｎerａt(yī)ionafteｒthｅe(cuò)nergetｉｃfoundeｒｓ.Itwasmorｅovｅrasteｐａｗayfrｏmｉnｄividualｉnitiativｅ,tｏwardscollｅcｔiｖismandｍｕnｉcipalａｎｄstａt(yī)e-ownｅdbｕsｉｎｅss.Therailｗayｃompaｎiｅs,thoughstiｌlpｒivａt(yī)ebusｉnessmaｎagedforｔhｅbenｅfitofshａreｈolderｓ，ｗereverｙunliｋeoldfaｍilｙbｕsiｎess.Atthｅsａmetｉmethｅgreatmuniciｐａｌitiｅsobusinｅｓstｏｓｕpplylｉghtinｇ,ｔramsａnｄｏtherservicｅｓｔothetaxpayｅrs．Thegrowtｈｏｆthelimiｔedｌｉabｉlｉtycｏｍpaｎｙandmuｎicipalｂｕsineｓshａdiｍpｏrtantｃonsequencｅs．Suchlaｒge,imperｓoｎａlmaｎipｕlatｉonｏfcaｐitaｌaｎｄiｎdustｒｙgｒeatｌｙiｎcreasedtheｎuｍｂersanｄiｍpoｒｔanceofｓharｅhｏｌｄeｒsasacｌass,anelementinｎationalliferepresｅnｔingirrespｏnsiｂlｅwealtｈｄetaｃheｄfrｏmthｅlandaｎdtｈedutｉesｏfｔheｌandowｎｅrs;andaｌmosｔｅquａllydｅtａcheｄfｒomtｈeｒesｐoｎsibｌemanagemenｔofｂusineｓs.Alltｈrougｈtｈｅｎinｅteｅnthcenｔury,Ａmerica,Afｒica,Indｉa,AｕｓtralｉａandpaｒｔsofＥｕropｅｗｅreｂeiｎｇｄｅveｌopｅｄbyBriｔishcapitａl，andBｒｉｔiｓｈｓhareｈoｌdｅrsｗeretｈusenrｉｃhedbyｔhewｏｒｌd’ｓmoveｍｅnttowａrdsindｕsｔriaｌｉzａt(yī)ion.TowｎｓliｋeBoｕｒneｍoｕｔhａｎdEastboｕrnesprａnｇuptohｏuselａrｇe“comfortaｂle”clasｓｅswhohａdｒｅtiｒedoｎｔｈｅiｒｉｎcomes，andwｈohadｎorelａt(yī)iontotherestoｆtｈecoｍmｕｎitｙexceptthａt(yī)ofdrａｗｉngｄｉｖidendsandoｃcasiｏnallyattｅｎdingａshａreholｄｅｒs’mｅe(cuò)tｉngtoｄｉctatetheｉｒorderstotheｍanａgeｍｅnt.Onthｅoｔｈerhand“sｈａreholding”meantleisureａｎdfrｅe(cuò)dｏmｗhichwaｓuｓeｄｂyｍanyｏfthｅlaterＶiｃtoｒiａnｓfｏｒthehｉghesｔｐuｒposeofagreａt(yī)cｉvｉlizaｔiｏn.Tｈｅ“shａｒehoｌｄers”assuｃhhadnoknowlｅｄｇeoftheliｖes,ｔｈoughtsoｒnｅｅdsofｔhｅworkｍｅnｅmployedbｙｔhecｏmpaｎyinｗｈiｃhhehｅldshａreｓ,andｈisinｆluenceｏnthｅｒelａt(yī)ionsofcaｐitalandlaborwasnｏtｇoｏd.Ｔheｐaiｄmaｎageractingｆorpａnywasinmｏredｉrectrｅlaｔｉｏnｗithｔｈｅmｅｎａndthｅirdｅmａnds,bｕtevenhｅhadseldoｍthatｆａｍiｌiarpersonaｌｋｎowledgeoｆthewｏｒkmenｗhichthｅｅｍｐloyeｒhａｄofｔeｎｈａdundｅrthｅmｏｒepatriarchalsystemｏftheoldfamｉlyｂｕsinesｓnoｗpａssｉngawaｙ.Inｄeedtｈemeresizｅofｏpeｒatiｏnｓandthｅｎumbｅrsofｗoｒkmeｎｉｎvolvｅdreｎｄeｒeｄｓuchpｅｒsonalreｌaｔionｓｉmｐossiblｅ．Fｏrtuｎatelｙ，ｈowｅｖer,theiｎcreａｓinｇpowerａｎdｏrgａniｚatｉonofthｅtraｄeunｉons,atleａsｔinallskilleｄtradｅs,eｎablｅdtheｗoｒkｍentomeeｔoneｑuａｌteｒmsｔｈemaｎageｒsofthecomｐａniｅsｗhoｅmployedtｈem.Thecｒuｅldiｓciｐlｉnｅofthｅｓtrikeandｌocｋｏuttaugｈtthetｗoparｔiestorｅspecteａｃｈｏｔher’sｓtrengthandｕｎdeｒstanｄthｅvaluｅｏfｆairneｇotｉａt(yī)ion.19.Iｔ’ｓtruｅofｔｈｅｏlｄfaｍilyｆirmｓｔhat

.［A］thｅyweｒespoiｌeｄbyｔheｙouｎgergeｎeｒatiｏｎs［B]theｙfailｅdforｌａckofindiviｄuａliｎiｔｉatｉvｅ［C]theyｌacｋｅdeｆｆiciｅｎcycｏｍparｅｄwｉthmｏderｎcompａnies［D］ｔhｅycｏuｌdsuppｌyadequateservicｅstｏtheｔaｘｐａyers20.Tｈegrowtｈoｆlimｉtｅdliａbilityｃompaniｅsresultediｎ

.［A］ｔheｓeparaｔionofcaｐitalfｒommａnaｇeｍent［B]tｈeoｗnershiｐofcaｐｉtalｂymanagers［C]theeｍergenceofcapitaｌａndｌａｂoｕrasｔwoｃｌasses［D］theparticｉｐationoｆshａreholdeｒｓiｎｍuniｃipaｌbusiness21.Aｃcｏrｄiｎｇtothｅpａssaｇe,allofthefollowinｇarｅｔｒuｅe(cuò)xｃｅptthａt(yī)

.[A］tｈesｈaｒehoｌｄeｒｓｗereｕnawaｒeoftheneedsofｔｈewoｒkers[B]thｅolｄfｉrmownersｈaｄａbetterundeｒｓtanｄingoftheirｗｏrｋers［Ｃ］tｈeｌimｉtedliabilｉtycｏmpaｎieswerｅtｏoｌargｅtoruｎsmｏothｌｙ［D］theｔrａｄeunionsｓｅe(cuò)mｅdtoplayaｐoｓitｉｖerｏle22.Theauｔhoriｓｍostcriｔicａｌｏｆ

.[Ａ］fａmｉlyfirmownｅrs???[B］landowners［C］manａgeｒs?????［Ｄ]sharｅｈoldersＰasｓage4WhａｔaccountsfｏrtheｇｒeaｔoutburｓｔofｍajorinvenｔｉoｎsineaｒｌyAmerｉｃa—brｅaktｈroｕghsｓｕcｈasｔheteleｇraph,tｈｅｓteaｍboａt(yī)aｎdtheweaｖiｎｇmaｃhｉｎe?Amongtｈｅｍanyshapiｎgfactorｓ,Ｉwoulｄsiｎgleoｕtthecoｕntry’sexceｌleｎｔelｅmeｎtａryschooｌs;ａlaboｒfoｒｃetｈａt(yī)wｅlcomeｄthenewtｅcｈnｏｌｏgｙ;theprａcｔiceｏfgivｉｎｇpremiｕmsｔoiｎｖentors;anｄａboveａｌｌｔheAｍerｉcaｎgeｎiusfｏrnｏｎvｅrｂal,“spａt(yī)ial”tｈiｎｋｉｎgａboｕtthingstechｎoｌoｇical．Wｈymentionｔｈｅe(cuò)ｌemｅｎtaryschｏols?Becausetｈaｎksｔothesesｃhoolsourearｌymｅchanics，espeｃiａllyiｎtheNewEnｇlaｎdａnｄＭｉｄｄleAｔｌａｎtｉcstａt(yī)ｅs，weregenｅraｌlｙliteraｔeanｄathoｍeinaｒithmeticandinsoｍｅaspｅｃtsoｆgeomｅtrｙaｎｄtriｇｏnomeｔry.AｃutefｏreignｏbｓerversｒelatedAmericanaｄaptｉvｅnesｓaｎdiｎventｉvenesstothｉseｄucatiｏnａlａｄvantａge．AsａmｅmberofａBrｉtisｈcoｍｍiｓｓｉoｎviｓｉtingheｒeiｎ185３rｅported,“Ｗｉｔhａmindprepaｒedbythｏroughscｈooldiｓciplinｅ,ｔheAmerｉcanboｙｄeｖelopｓrapｉdlyｉnｔoｔhesｋiｌledwｏｒkmａn.”Afurtｈerstimulｕstoinventioncamefｒoｍｔhe“preｍium”ｓystｅｍ,ｗhichprecededourｐaｔenｔsyｓtemａｎｄforyearsranparａllelｗithit．Thisａｐpｒoach,ｏrigｉｎateｄabrｏａｄ,offeredinventorsｍｅdａｌs,caｓhprizｅsandothｅrincｅntiveｓ.IntheUnitedＳtａt(yī)es，ｍultitudesofｐrｅmiumsfornewdevｉｃｅｓwｅreaｗａrdedatcountrｙfairsandattheｉnｄustｒiaｌfaｉrｓinｍajｏrcities.Americanｓｆlockedtothesefａirstoａdmirethenewmａchiｎesａndthusｔｏrｅneｗtheirfａithiｎthｅbenefiｃeｎceoftechnolｏｇicaladvance.Giventhｉsoptimｉsticappｒｏacｈtｏtechnologicalinnoｖａt(yī)ｉon,thｅAmeriｃanworｋｅrtｏokrｅadilyｔothaｔspeｃiａlkinｄoｆnonverbａlｔｈinkinｇｒeｑｕｉreｄinmｅchanicaltｅｃhｎolｏgy.AsEuｇeneFergusonhaspｏiｎtedoｕt，“Atechｎologisｔthinkｓaboutobｊｅctｓthatcaｎnotｂereducedtｏunａmbｉgｕｏｕsverbaldeｓcｒiｐtiｏｎs；theyａredeaｌtwiｔhiｎhismｉndbyavisual，nｏnｖerｂalpｒocesｓ…Tｈｅｄesｉgneｒandtｈeｉnvｅntｏr…areａblｅtoａｓｓemｂlｅanｄmaｎiｐulatｅiｎtheｉｒmindsdevicesｔｈatasyetｄｏnotexｉst．”Thｉsｎoｎｖｅrbaｌ“spatiaｌ”thinkingcanbejuｓtascｒｅativｅaｓpaiｎtinｇａｎｄwｒｉtiｎg.ＲobertFuｌtｏnoｎcewｒote，“Ｔｈemechａniｃｓｈoｕldｓitdownamoｎｇlevers,ｓcｒews，wｅdgｅs，wheels,etc,ｌikeａpoetaｍｏｎｇtheｌetｔersｏｆtｈealphａbet,conｓiderｉｎgtheｍasanexhibitiｏnｏｆhisthouｇhts,inwhicｈａnewaｒrａngeｍenttranｓｍitsａnewidｅa.”Whｅnaｌｌｔheseshａｐingfoｒcｅs—schools，ｏｐenａt(yī)titudes，thｅpremｉumsystem,agｅniｕsfｏｒspatialtｈiｎkinｇ—inｔeｒａｃｔedwiｔhoneaｎｏtｈｅｒonthｅrichU．Ｓ.mainland，ｔｈeyprｏdｕcｅdthａt(yī)Amｅricancharactｅrisｔiceｍulatioｎ.Todaythａt(yī)woｒdiｍｐlieｓmereｉmitatioｎ.Ｂutiｎearliertiｍesitmeantａfriendlyｂutcｏmｐetiｔｉｖeｓtriｖｉngforｆameandexｃellｅncｅ．２3．Accoｒdｉｎｇtｏtheａuthor,thｅgreatｏutburｓｔoｆmajorinventionｓinearlｙＡmericawasiｎalaｒgｅpａrtdueto

.[A]elemｅntaryschｏols ??［B］enthusiasticwｏrｋｅrs［C］ｔheattractivｅｐrｅmiumsｙstem[D]aｓpecialwayofthｉnkiｎg24．Ｉｔisimpｌieｄtｈａt(yī)adapｔｉｖeneｓｓａndｉｎｖentivenessoｆthｅe(cuò)arlyAmeriｃａnmechaｎiｃs

.［Ａ]benefitｅdａｌｏtfroｍtｈeirmathemaｔicalknｏwledgｅ.［Ｂ]sｈeｄlｉghtondｉsciplinedｓchoｏlｍanagｅmenｔ.［C］wasｂｒoughtaboutbｙpriｖｉleｇedｈoｍeｔrainiｎg.[Ｄ］oｗedaｌottothetｅchｎoloｇiｃaｌdeｖeｌopmeｎt.25.Ａtechｎｏｌogｉｓtcａnｂeｃomｐarｅdtoａnartistbecauｓｅ

.[A］theyarebothｗｉnnｅｒsofaｗarｄs.［B]theｙaｒebｏthexpｅrｔｓiｎspatialthiｎkiｎg.[C］theｙbothabanｄoｎverbaldｅsｃｒiption[Ｄ］theｙbｏｔhｕsevarioｕsｉnstrumｅnｔs26.Thｅbesｔtiｔleforthisｐassagemigｈtｂｅ

.[Ａ］IｎｖentiveＭind? ? [B］EffectiｖeScｈｏolｉng[C]WaysｏｆＴhinｋing ??[D］OutpouｒingoｆInｖenｔionsPasｓage5Rｕmoｒｈａsiｔｔhatmorｅtｈａn2０bookｓoｎcreaｔioniｓm／eｖoｌutiｏnａｒeintｈepuｂlisher’spipelｉnｅs.Afeｗhaｖeaｌreadyaｐpeａｒed.Thegoalofallwillbetｏｔrytoｅxpｌainｔoacｏnfuseｄandoftenuｎｅｎliｇｈtｅnedcitiｚenrythattheｒeａrｅnoｔｔwｏｅｑｕallｙｖalidsｃｉeｎtifictheoriesｆｏrtheｏriginanｄevoluｔionoｆｕniversｅａｎdlife.Cosmoloｇｙ,ｇeolｏｇy,anｄｂioｌogyvidｅdaｃonsｉｓtｅnt,unｉfｉed,andｃoｎstａｎtlyimprｏvｉngaｃcoｕｎtofwhaｔhapｐenｅd.“Sciｅntifｉc”crｅatioｎism,whichisｂｅｉngpusheｄbysoｍefｏr“equａlｔｉmｅ”iｎthecｌassroomswheneｖerｔhescieｎｔｉfiｃaccountsｏfevｏlutiｏnaregｉven,iｓｂasedｏnreliｇioｎ，noｔsciencｅ.Vｉrtuallｙalｌscienｔisｔsａnｄtｈemajoriｔyofnonfｕndamenｔalｉｓｔreligiouｓleaｄｅrshavecoｍeｔorｅgard“sｃientifiｃ”cｒeaｔioniｓmasbａdscieｎceandbadｒeligion.TｈｅｆｉrsｔｆourchａptersofKｉｔcher’ｓｂoｏkｇiveａｖeryｂrｏdｕctiontoevｏluｔion.Ataｐpropriateplaｃeｓ，heiｎｔｒoduｃｅｓthｅｃｒiｔiｃismsoftheｃreaｔｉoｎistsaｎdｐroｖideｓaｎswｅrs.Ｉntｈeｌasttｈreechaptｅrs,hetａkesｏｆfhiｓｇｌovｅｓaｎdｇivestｈecｒeatioｎｉstsaｇoodｂｅatinｇ.Ｈedescrｉbesthｅgrａmmesandｔactics,ａnd，ｆoｒthoseuｎfamiｌｉａｒｗiｔhｔｈewａysｏfcreatiｏniｓts,theeｘtentofthｅirdecepｔｉonanddistortｉonmａycｏmeasａnｕnpleａsantsurｐrｉse.Ｗｈentheirbasicmoｔｉvaｔiｏnisｒeligious，ｏnemigｈthaveｅｘpectｅdmoreCｈristｉanｂehavior.Ｋｉtcherisａpｈilosopher，andthｉsmａｙaccount,inpaｒｔ，ｆortｈeｃlarityaｎdeffeｃtｉvenessofhisargｕmenｔs．Ｔhenon-sｐｅciａlistｗillbeabletooｂtainatｌeaｓtaｎotionofthｅsorｔｓofdａt(yī)aａnｄａｒｇumｅｎtthaｔsupportevｏｌutiｏｎarytheoｒy.Ｔｈｅｆinalchaptersonthｅcｒｅaｔionistsｗｉｌｌｂeｅｘtreｍeｌycｌeartoａll.Ｏnthｅduｓtｊacｋｅｔｏfthisfiｎｅbｏｏｋ，StephenＪayGoｕldｓays:“Thisbｏoksｔandsｆｏｒｒeａsｏnitsｅlf.”Ａndsoｉtｄｏes-anｄａllwoｕldbewellweｒereasonｔheoｎｌyjudgeinthecreａｔionism／evolutｉondｅbate.27.“Creatｉoｎｉsm”iｎｔhepａssａgerｅfeｒsto

.[A]ｅvoluｔｉoninitｓtruｅsenseａstotｈｅoriginｏｆtheunｉverse[Ｂ]aｎotｉonofthecreａt(yī)iｏnofrｅlｉgion［C］thesｃｉeｎtｉfiｃｅxplanａｔioｎoｆｔhｅｅarthformatｉon[Ｄ]ｔhｅdｅceptiveｔheｏryabouttheoriｇｉｎoftheuｎivｅｒse２8．Kitcheｒ’ｓbookiｓiｎtｅnｄedto

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2.D??3.Ａ?4．B 5.Ｃ?６．A?７．Ｄ ８.B? 9.C10.AParｔⅡＲeａｄinｇCoｍprｅhensionPartAＰaｓsaｇe111．B 12.A 13.D? 14.ＡPassａｇe2１5.B １6.C ?17.C 18.DPassage319.Ｃ ?20.A ?21.C? 2２.DPａssage4２3.Ｄ??24.A? 2５．B 26.AＰasｓaｇe５27.Ｄ??28.B? 29．Ｂ? ３0.APartⅢEnｇlｉsh－ChiｎeseTranslation31.在這些因素中,有些純屬社會(huì)需求；另部分則是由于科學(xué)上一些特定發(fā)展在一定限度上自我加速而產(chǎn)生肯定結(jié)果。3２.這種趨勢(shì)始于第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間,當(dāng)初部分國(guó)家政府得出結(jié)論：政府要向其科研機(jī)構(gòu)提出具體規(guī)定通常是無(wú)法詳盡預(yù)見(jiàn)。３3.給一些和目前目的無(wú)關(guān)而未來(lái)則也許產(chǎn)生影響科研給予支持，看來(lái)可以有效地解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。34.然而,世界就是如此,完美體系通常而言是無(wú)法解決世上一些更加引人入勝課題。35.同過(guò)去同樣，未來(lái)肯定出現(xiàn)新思維方法和新思維對(duì)象,給完美以新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。SectionⅣWriｔｉnｇ（１5ｐoｉnts)36.見(jiàn)分析1996年試題精解ＰartⅠＣｌozeTest一、文章總體分析本文是一篇介紹維生素科普性小短文。文章首段對(duì)維生素下定義。第二段介紹了維生素兩大功效:將食物轉(zhuǎn)化成能量和維持身體健康。第三段介紹了多種維生素異同：基礎(chǔ)組成元素相同,但排列方法不同樣，并且各自承擔(dān)一到多個(gè)特殊功效。第四段指出:不需要獲取過(guò)量維生素,均衡飲食通常就可以完全滿足身體對(duì)它們需求了。二、試題具體解析1.[A］eitｈｅr ?[B]sｏ ?［C］nor??[Ｄ］neveｒ[精解］本題考評(píng)知識(shí)點(diǎn)是:否認(rèn)倒裝句連詞?？崭袂拔闹v到維生素不能提供能量,是一個(gè)否認(rèn)句；后文講到它們構(gòu)建身體任何部分，是倒裝句,所以選項(xiàng)必需既能引導(dǎo)倒裝句,又能和前面否認(rèn)相呼應(yīng)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,eitｈｅr表達(dá)“也”,可以用在否認(rèn)句中，但通常放在句尾,比如:Shedidn’ｔｇoｔｈere，either（她也不去)；so可以引導(dǎo)倒裝句,但它用在肯定句中,表達(dá)“也”，如:Thｅycａnleaｖenｏｗ,socanwe．（她們現(xiàn)在可以離開(kāi)了，我們也能)。nor也可以引導(dǎo)倒裝句，并可用在否認(rèn)句中,組成noｔ.．．nｏr...(既不…也不…）固定結(jié)構(gòu),如：Youcａn’tdoit,nｏｒcaｎＩ.（你不能做這件事,我也不能);nｅver也可以引導(dǎo)倒裝句,表達(dá)否認(rèn),但它必需放在句首,如:NeｖerinｍylifehaveIheardsuｃhnonsense.（我一輩子所有沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這么無(wú)稽之談）。綜合以上因素，C為對(duì)的選項(xiàng)。２.［A]shiftiｎg替換,轉(zhuǎn)移??[B]ｔrａnsferring遷移，移動(dòng)，傳輸［C］ａlterｉng改變,變動(dòng) ［D］ｔransｆｏrminｇ轉(zhuǎn)換,改變［精解］本題考評(píng)知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：習(xí)慣搭配+動(dòng)詞詞義辨析?？崭袼诰渥雍x是“需要維生素將食物2為能量,以維持身體健康”?？崭裉钊敕衷~需和iｎto搭配，并符合文意。trａnsfｏｒm常和into搭配,強(qiáng)調(diào)是“事物大變革或質(zhì)改變”。在此從food(食物）到ｅnｅrgy(能量）轉(zhuǎn)變是一個(gè)質(zhì)改變,所以，D符合句意。shift不和iｎto搭配，如:Tｈewindｓhｉｆtedtothｅｓｏuth(風(fēng)轉(zhuǎn)向南吹）;transfｅr多用于位置改變,也不和into搭配，如:Hisemplｏyertrａnｓferｒedｈｉmtoanoｔhｅｒoｆficｅ．(老板把她調(diào)到了另一個(gè)辦公室）；alter強(qiáng)調(diào)部分或少許變動(dòng)，限度較輕,如:Tｈeseclothesaretｏoｌarge;ｔｈeｙmustbealterｅｄ.（這些衣服太大，得修改）。所以以上三個(gè)詞所有不能表達(dá)事物質(zhì)改變。知識(shí)點(diǎn)補(bǔ)充：trans－為前綴，和動(dòng)詞連用,表達(dá)“橫過(guò)，越過(guò)”或“轉(zhuǎn)變,轉(zhuǎn)移”,比如:transact（辦理，交易,談判,解決）,transatlantic(橫渡大西洋),trans-nａｔional（跨越國(guó)界),transpｌanｔ（移植），transport（運(yùn)送）。3.[A]any任何一個(gè) ???[B]sｏｍe部分[C]anythｉnｇ任何事物 [D］someｔｈiｎg某事物[精解]本題考評(píng)知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：不定代詞使用方法。空格所在句子是一個(gè)由and連接并列句,前一個(gè)分句Therearethirteeｎorｍｏreofthem中theｍ指是vitａｍins，后一個(gè)分句是一個(gè)由if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“假如…缺少，（會(huì)出現(xiàn))維生素缺少癥。”由于iｆ引導(dǎo)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ｉｓ是單數(shù)，所以,只能由一個(gè)表達(dá)單數(shù)意義不定代詞作為被選項(xiàng)。一方面排除soｍe,它通常見(jiàn)于肯定句,做主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；另一方面anyｔhｉnｇ和someｔｈｉｎg泛指任何事或一些事,放入句中不符句意;anｙ放入后相稱于aｎyｏfｔｈem,即“任何維生素”。注意any通常見(jiàn)于否認(rèn)或疑問(wèn)句中，做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)單數(shù),如：Ａnｙｏftｈeｈｕnｔersiｓａｂletocatcｈthｅtｉgersinｇｌe－ｈａnded.（任何一個(gè)獵人所有能單獨(dú)抓住老虎）。所以答案只能選A。4.［A］seriｏuｓ嚴(yán)重，嚴(yán)厲，認(rèn)真 [Ｂ］apparｅnt顯著［C]sevｅre嚴(yán)厲,劇烈，嚴(yán)峻??［D]fataｌ致命[精解］本題考評(píng)知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：形容詞詞義辨析。本題規(guī)定考生鑒定,假如缺少任何一個(gè)維生素,缺少癥就會(huì)變得如何。四個(gè)備選項(xiàng)表達(dá)限度不同樣,從語(yǔ)意角度來(lái)說(shuō)所有可以和ｄisｅase相搭配。但是,依據(jù)上下文,這里需要填入一個(gè)對(duì)的描述疾病癥狀詞。sｅrioｕs、severe和ｆatal這多個(gè)詞所有表達(dá)限度嚴(yán)重，甚至危及生命。但上下文沒(méi)有暗示缺少一個(gè)維生素會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重后果,所以，這三個(gè)詞所有不可作為被選項(xiàng)。apｐａｒent只是簡(jiǎn)樸地描述了疾病癥狀,為對(duì)的選項(xiàng)。5.[A]ｍostly大部分,關(guān)鍵地?[Ｂ]ｐarｔiａｌly部分地[Ｃ]soｍetｉmeｓ有時(shí)候 ?[Ｄ］raｒeｌy很少地,罕有地［精解］本題考評(píng)知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：邏輯語(yǔ)義搭配＋副詞詞義辨析。本句破折號(hào)后舉例說(shuō)明維生素組成成份:碳、氫、氧和５氮，ａnd表白各成份之間為并列關(guān)系，那么，選項(xiàng)應(yīng)和ｕsualｌy相呼應(yīng)。usualｌy是頻度副詞，選項(xiàng)也應(yīng)是頻度副詞。選項(xiàng)中，moｓtly和partｉallｙ不是頻率副詞，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)事物部分和整體關(guān)系,如:Theauｄienceｃonsｉstedmｏｓtlyｏｆwomen.(觀眾關(guān)鍵是婦女）；Thｅdrｉvｅrisｐartialｌytoblamefortｈeaccidｅnt．(司機(jī)對(duì)那次車(chē)禍應(yīng)負(fù)部分責(zé)任)。rareｌy是頻率副詞，但它含否認(rèn)含義，若用于句中,之前連詞and應(yīng)改為表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系but。所以只有ｓoｍetiｍes為對(duì)的選項(xiàng)。全句意為“通常是碳、氫、氧，有些時(shí)候尚有氮”。６.[A］inthａｔ在…方面；由于[B]sotｈat以致，方便,（引導(dǎo)結(jié)果或目的狀語(yǔ)從句)[Ｃ]suchtｈat那樣,以至,(不能連接兩個(gè)完整句子)［Ｄ]eｘｃeptthat除了[精解］本題考評(píng)知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：邏輯關(guān)系。上句提到維生素相同因素,這句開(kāi)始提到維生素也是有區(qū)分,由于兩個(gè)句子是平行結(jié)構(gòu),我們可以估計(jì),本句后半句也會(huì)解釋為什么不同樣。下文果然提到因素是“元素排列方法不同樣，每種元素在人體內(nèi)(有)一個(gè)或多個(gè)特殊功效”。所以空格處應(yīng)填入表因果關(guān)系并連接因素狀語(yǔ)從句短語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)中，excｅpｔtｈat不表因果,sothａｔ和suchthａt(yī)后面接結(jié)果。只有inｔhat后面接因素,并且空格前面diｆｆerｅｎｔ和介詞in連用,表達(dá)“在哪一方面不同樣”。例句補(bǔ)充：Ｓelｆ－critｉcismｉsnｅcessaryinthatithｅlpsｕstｏcｏrｒeｃｔｏｕrｍistａｋeｓ.（自我批評(píng)是必需，由于它能幫助我們更正錯(cuò)誤）；Spｅaｋlouｄｅrsｏｔhatａｌlｔheｐeopleinthｅhａlｌｃanhearyou．(大聲點(diǎn)講,方便大廳里人所有能聽(tīng)清)；Ｔheｓituatｉｏnｗasｓｕcｈthａt(yī)ｐｏliticalobseｒversfounditdifficulttopredicｔ.（形勢(shì)如此,連政治觀測(cè)家們也認(rèn)為難以預(yù)料);Ｈｉsaｃcoｕｎtiscorrecteｘceｐtｔhaｔsomedeｔailsareｏmittｅd．(除了有些細(xì)節(jié)未提到之外，她敘述是對(duì)的)。７.[Ａ]ｕndertakes承擔(dān),采用? ［B]hoｌｄs保存，把握,握有［C］plays擔(dān)當(dāng),承擔(dān)? [Ｄ］performs表演，實(shí)行,推行[精解]本題考評(píng)知識(shí)點(diǎn)是:動(dòng)賓搭配。本題考察動(dòng)詞和function搭配。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中能和fuｎｃtｉｏn搭配只有perform，即perｆｏrmａfunctｉon(具有…功效,發(fā)揮…作用）,如:Tｈeｂrainpｅｒfｏｒｍsavｅｒｙｉmporｔantfuｎction:ｉtcontrｏlsthｅｎervoｕssystemofthｅｂｏｄy.(大腦具有很關(guān)鍵功效,它控制著身體內(nèi)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng))。在文中，它意為“每種元素在人體內(nèi)承擔(dān)一個(gè)或多個(gè)特殊功效”。其它能和functioｎ搭配動(dòng)詞尚有fulfill、ｓｅｒve等。其它選項(xiàng)常見(jiàn)搭配有:undertａｋeaｍiｓsion/taｓk/ｐroject承擔(dān)使命／任務(wù)／工程；hｏldａshare持有股份；pｌaｙaroｌe/parｔ扮演…角色。８.［A]Ｓupplying補(bǔ)給，供應(yīng)，提供,補(bǔ)充［B]Gettiｎg取得,變成,收獲，使得［C]Ｐrｏvidiｎg供應(yīng),供應(yīng)，準(zhǔn)備，防止[D］Furnｉshinｇ供應(yīng),提供，裝備，部署[精解]本題考評(píng)知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：動(dòng)名詞邏輯主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。本題空格所在句子是一個(gè)含讓步狀語(yǔ)從句復(fù)合句：8enoｕghvitaminsｉsesｓentｉaｌtoliｆｅ,altｈｏugｈthｅbｏdｙhasnoｎutriｔionalusefor9vitamｉns,其中空格部分和ｅnoｕghviｔaminｓ組成動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)做主句主語(yǔ)?？忌P(guān)鍵要鑒定出，空格處填入動(dòng)名詞邏輯主語(yǔ)也就是后面ａｌthｏｕgh引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中主語(yǔ),即:tｈebody。這么，動(dòng)名詞所表達(dá)動(dòng)作必需是thebｏdy發(fā)出來(lái),又能接enｏughvitａmins做賓語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)中，Suｐpｌyinｇ,Ｐroviding和Furｎishｉng均表達(dá)“提供，供應(yīng)”,動(dòng)作發(fā)出者不是“身體”。句子表達(dá)含義是身體需要獲取維生素營(yíng)養(yǎng)，而不是“提供”,所以只有Gettｉng(獲取，取得）符合。知識(shí)點(diǎn)補(bǔ)充：suppｌy、pｒovide、furnish是一組近義詞,所有有“提供,供應(yīng)”含義。fuｒnisｈ關(guān)鍵指提供部分基礎(chǔ)必需物品，可譯為“配置”，如:fｕrｎishｔheｎｅｗaｐarｔｍeｎt(為新房間配置家具)；sｕｐply強(qiáng)調(diào)“提供物品以備需要時(shí)候用”,可譯為“供應(yīng)，供應(yīng)”，它常和ｗith搭配,如：supplytｈemaｒkeｔｗithneｗcoｍmoditｉes(向市場(chǎng)供應(yīng)新商品）;proｖｉｄｅ也強(qiáng)調(diào)“提供物品,為…做準(zhǔn)備”，它常和介詞ｆoｒ,with和agaiｎｓt搭配。prｏvide．．.wiｔh...意為“給…提供”，ｐｒovidefｏr/agaｉnsｔ所有指“為也許困難做準(zhǔn)備,防備”，如:Heｗorｋedｈaｒdtoprovidｅｆorhｉsoldage.(她努力賺錢(qián)以防老)。９．[Ａ］ｅxｃepｔiｏｎal例外，異常 ［B]ｅｘceedｉnｇ很,極度，過(guò)度［C]ｅxcess額外,多余? ［D］external外部,客觀，外用[精解]本題考評(píng)知識(shí)點(diǎn)是:上下文語(yǔ)義+形容詞詞義辨析。本題空格所在部分是ａｌtｈoｕgh引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。前面主句提到,獲取足夠維生素是必需，所以從句很也許要從相反角度來(lái)說(shuō)明獲取維生素對(duì)人體意義。hａｖeusefor是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“需要”，關(guān)鍵用于否認(rèn)和疑問(wèn)句中,如：Ｉｈaｖenofuｒtｈｅｒuseｆorit.（我不再需要它了)。所以,依據(jù)所在從句含義,考生需鑒定人體對(duì)什么維生素沒(méi)有營(yíng)養(yǎng)上需要。選項(xiàng)中，一方面排除ｅｘtｅrnal和exceptional，由于不存在“外部維生素”或“例外維生素”;剩下兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，exceｅding用來(lái)指被修飾成份超過(guò)了通常限度,如：eｘceeｄingｄarｋｎｅｓs(極度黑暗),exｃeedingbeａｕty（美麗無(wú)比),顯然，它不能直接修飾“維生素”;只有exceｓｓ指“超過(guò)正?；蛩钄?shù)額數(shù)量”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“攝入過(guò)多維生素”符合邏輯。１０.[A］nｅvｅrthｅleｓｓ然而，但是，（表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系）［Ｂ］ｔｈerefore所以，所以,(表因果關(guān)系）[C]moreｏｖｅｒ并且，此外，(表達(dá)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系）［D］meanwhile(=atｔhｅsametime)同時(shí)，（表達(dá)時(shí)間關(guān)系）[精解］本題考評(píng)知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：邏輯關(guān)系。兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間空格處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)邏輯連接詞,所以考生需鑒定空格所在句子和上文之間邏輯關(guān)系。上文提到,過(guò)量維生素對(duì)身體沒(méi)有營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值,接著作者指出大家心態(tài):為“安全”考慮，而服用額外維生素。從語(yǔ)意上看,兩句之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,選擇項(xiàng)應(yīng)當(dāng)是一個(gè)表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系詞，所以neverthｅｌｅss為對(duì)的答案。整個(gè)句子意為“盡管獲取過(guò)量維生素對(duì)身體沒(méi)有營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值，但大家出于安全考慮，還是攝取額外維生素。”三、全文翻譯飲食中具有少許有機(jī)化合物—維生素是促進(jìn)動(dòng)物(包含人)正常發(fā)育和維系生命必需成份。維生素既不提供熱量，也不能構(gòu)建身體某個(gè)部分。它們被用來(lái)將食物轉(zhuǎn)化為能量并維持身體健康。維生素最少有十三種，假如缺少任何一個(gè)，缺少癥疾病就會(huì)表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。多種維生素所有比較相同,由于它們由同樣元素組成—通常是碳、氫、氧，有時(shí)尚有氮。它們之間不同樣之處在于每種維生素內(nèi)部元素排列方法不同樣,并且每種元素在人體內(nèi)承擔(dān)一個(gè)或多個(gè)具體功效。盡管獲取過(guò)量維生素對(duì)身體沒(méi)有營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值，但取得足夠維生素對(duì)人生命是至關(guān)關(guān)鍵。然而,大家出于安全考慮，還是攝取額外維生素。但是,事實(shí)上均衡飲食通常就可以完全滿足身體對(duì)維生素需求了。PaｒtⅡReaｄｉngComｐrehensiｏｎPassage1一、文章結(jié)構(gòu)總體分析文章是一篇介紹求職前應(yīng)進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)備工作