2023年考研英語二真題全文翻譯解析華明網(wǎng)校版

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Text４Thougｈoｆtenvｉeｗedaｓaｐｒoblｅmｆｏrweｓtｅrnstaｔeｓ,thegrowｉnｇfrｅquencyoｆwiｌdfireｓｉｓanａt(yī)ionaｌcｏnceｒnbecａuｓeｏfｉtsｉｍpaｃｔonｆederaltａxｄoｌlars，sａysProｆesｓoｒＭaxＭoriｔz，aspeciaｌｉstinｆirｅecologｙandmａｎagｅment.In2０2３,thｅUSForｅstServｉcｅｆoｒｔhefｉrsttｉmesｐentmorｅｔhanhａlfｏｆits$５.５billiｏｎanｎualbudｇetfighｔiｎｇfｉｒes－ｎearlydoubleｔhｅperceｎtageitspentonsuｃhefforｔs２0yearｓａgｏ.Ineffect,feｗerfｅdeｒａlｆｕｎdstｏdaｙａregoingtowardsthｅａｇｅncy'soｔherwork-suchasforestｃonserｖａt(yī)ioｎ,wateｒshedandｃulｔｕralresourcesmanaｇeｍent,ａnｄｉnｆrａstructｕｒeｕpｋeep－thataｆfecttheliｖesofａllAmeriｃanｓ．Anｏtheｒｎａｔｉonwｉｄecoｎcｅrniｓwhethｅrpｕｂlicfundsfromoｔherａgenｃieｓａｒegoingintｏｃｏnｓtructioｎinfiｒｅ－pｒｏnedｉsｔriｃts．AsＭoｒitzｐutsit,ｈoｗoｆｔenarefedｅrａlｄollarsｂuildiｎghｏmesｔｈatarelikelytｏbeloｓttoaｗiｌｄfｉre?“Ｉt’salｒeａdyahugepｒｏblemfrｏmａpｕblicｅxpendiｔurｅｐeｒspeｃｔiveforthewhoｌｅcounｔry,”hｅsayｓ.Weｎｅedtｏtakeａmａgnifyiｎgglaｓｓtotｈat．Ｌike,“Waiｔamｉｎutｅ,iｓtｈisＯK?”“Ｄoｗｅｗanｔinsｔeadtoredirectthｏｓefundsｔocｏｎcentｒａt(yī)eonlower-hazardpａrtsofｔheｌandscapｅ?”SuchａviewwoｕlｄｒeｑuｉreａcoｒresｐondinｇｓhiftinthewayUＳsocｉｅtytｏdaｙviｅwｓfirｅ,ｒeｓｅaｒｃｈerssay．Fｏroneｔｈｉｎg,conversａt(yī)ionsaboutwilｄfｉｒｅsｎeedtobeｍoreinclｕｓive.Ovｅｒthepasｔdecade，ｔheｆocuｓhasbeenｏnclｉmａｔｅchａnge－h(huán)owtheｗaｒmｉnｇoftｈeEarthfromgrｅenhｏuｓegasｅsｉsｌeadiｎgtocondｉtｉonstｈatｗｏrsenｆires.Whileｃlimateisakeyelｅment,Moriｔzsaｙs,itsｈｏｕldｎ’tｃｏmeatｔheexpenｓｅoftheｒeｓｔｏftｈeｅqｕaｔｉoｎ．“Ｔｈeｈumansysｔemsaｎdthelａnｄscapesweｌivｅｏnarelｉnｋeｄ,andｔheｉntｅrａctｉonｓgobothwaｙs,"ｈesａyｓ．Ｆaｉliｎgtｏrｅｃognizeｔｈａt(yī),henotes,lｅadsｔo"aｎoverlysｉmpｌifiedvieｗｏｆｗhaｔthｅｓolｕtiｏｎsmighｔbe．Ourperceptioｎofｔhｅｐｒobleｍandofwhattｈesｏｌｕtiｏnisｂｅcｏmｅsｖeryliｍiｔed．”Ａtthesametime,peｏplｅｃontinuｅtotreａt(yī)ｆｉrｅａsanevｅｎtｔhａt(yī)needｓtｏｂewhollycontrｏlledandｕnlｅashedonlｙouｔｏfneｃｅsｓity,ｓａysPｒｏfessorBａlchａt(yī)thｅUnｉverｓitｙofColoｒaｄo．Buｔacｋｎｏwlｅdginｇｆire'siｎevitａblｅpreseｎceｉｎｈuｍaｎliｆeｉsanattiｔudｅcrｕcialtｏdｅveｌoｐinｇthelａｗs,ｐolicies,anｄpractｉcestｈatｍakeｉｔasｓafeasposｓiｂle,shｅsays．“Ｗe’ｖedｉsconnectｅdouｒselｖｅsfroｍｌivinｇwithfire,”Bａｌchsays.“Iｔisｒeallyｉmpｏrｔanttounderstandandｔryandteaseoｕｔｗhatisthehumanconneｃtｉonwitｈfｉｒetoday．”36．Mｏreｆｒequentwiｌdｆiｒeshａvebecomeanationalcoｎｃernbecaｕsｅin２0２３thｅy____＿.A．ｅxhａｕstｅｄunｐｒecedeｎtedｍanagemeｎteffortsＢ．ｃonsｕmedareｃorｄ－h(huán)ｉghperceｎtａgｅoｆbudgｅtC.sｅverelyｄamagｅdtｈeecoloｇyｏｆweｓteｒnsｔatesD.cａｕsedahugerｉseｏfinfrastructureｅxpｅnｄituｒe?3７.Moriｔzcallsfｏrtheusｅof"amagｎiｆyｉｎｇgｌａｓs"ｔo_＿_＿_.A.rａisemorefunｄｓforｆire－proｎeareasB.ａvoidｔhｅrｅdirectioｎoｆfederalｍｏneyＣ．findwiｌdfirｅ－frｅepartsofｔheｌａnｄsｃapeD.ｇuaｒanteｅｓafersｐendiｎgｏfpubｌｉcfunds

38.Ｗhｉｌeadmittingthatclｉｍatｅisakｅyelemeｎt，Moｒｉtzｎotesｔhａｔ___＿_.Ａ.publiｃｄebaｔeｓhaｖｅnｏtsｅttlｅｄyetＢ．ｆire-ｆｉghｔingconｄiｔioｎsareiｍprovingC.otherfactoｒｓｓhoｕldｎoｔbeovｅrｌｏｏkeｄＤ．a(chǎn)shｉftinthevｉｅｗｏffｉrｅhastakenpｌace?39.ＴheovｅｒlyｓiｍplｉｆｉｅdｖiewMｏrｉtzmentiｏｎsisａresｕｌtoffａiｌｉngtｏ_____.Ａ．dｉｓｃoverｔhefuｎｄameｎtalｍakeuｐｏfｎａt(yī)ureＢ.exploｒｅtｈemechａniｓmofthehumansyｓteｍsC.mａｘｉmizethｅrｏlｅoｆｌａndscaｐeiｎhumanliｆeD．understａndtｈeiｎterｒeｌａｔｉonsｏfmanandｎature

40.ProfeｓsorBalｃhpointsouttｈatfireissomｅthinｇmaｎshｏｕld＿＿___．A.dｏawaywithB．cometoterｍｓwｉｔｈC.pａyaprｉｃefｏｒD.keeｐawayfroｍ?PartBDiｒｅctiｏns:Readtｈefｏllｏｗiｎgtextａndmaｔcheachｏftｈenｕｍbｅｒedｉtｅｍsintｈeｌｅftcｏlｕmnｔoitｓcorrespondinginfｏrmａt(yī)ionｉntheｒｉｇhtcolumn.Ｔhereａretwｏextraｃhoicesintherigｈtｃolumｎ.MarkyoｕrａｎｓｗｅrｓonｔheＡNＳWERＳHEＥＴ．(1０points）ThedeclｉnｅinAmericanmanufaｃｔuringisａcommonrｅｆｒain,ｐarｔicuｌarlｙｆroｍDonaldTrump."Weｄｏn＇tmakｅａnythiｎgａnｙｍore,"heｔｏｌdFoxNewｓ,whiledefenｄinghｉｓoｗｎｍadｅ-ｉn－Ｍeｘiｃocloｔhinｇliｎe.Wｉｔhoutｑuｅstion,ｍaｎufａcturinghａstakｅnasｉgｎifｉcａnｔｈiｔduriｎgreｃentdecadeｓ,andfurｔhertrａｄedealsｒaisequｅstｉonsａbouｔwheｔheｒnewshockscｏｕldhitmanｕｆａcturｉnｇ.Ｂｕｔtｈｅrｅisalｓoａdiffeｒｅntwayｔolookaｔtｈeｄａt(yī)a.Acroｓsthｅcouｎｔry,factoryownersarenowｇrappｌingwitｈanｅwcｈaｌｌｅnge:inｓｔeａｄofhavｉngｔｏomａｎyｗｏrｋers，thｅyｍayｅｎdｕpwithtｏｏfew.Dｅsｐiteｔradｅｃoｍpetitiｏnandoｕtsourciｎg,Amｅｒｉｃａnmaｎufaｃtuｒinｇstｉllｎeedstoreplacｅteｎｓofｔhousaｎdsofreｔｉｒingbooｍeｒｓeverｙyｅars．Mｉllｅnｎiaｌｓmａynotbeｔhatiｎｔerｅsteｄintakingｔheirｐｌace,ｏtｈeｒinｄustriｅｓarerecｒuitingthｅmwithsimilaｒｏrｂeｔteｒｐaｙ．Foｒfacｔｏryowneｒs,italｌadｄsｕｐtosｔiｆｆcoｍpetitionforｗorkeｒs-anｄuｐｗardpressureonｗagｅs．"Tｈｅy'rehardeｒtofindandｔｈeyhavｅｊoｂoｆfｅrｓ,"ｓaysJaｙDunｗell，prｅsideｎtoｆＷolverｉnｅＣoiｌSpｒinｇ，ａfamｉly-ownｅdfiｒｍ，"Ｔｈｅymａybecomiｎｇ[ｉntothewｏrkfoｒcｅ]，ｂutｔhey＇ｖebeenpｌuｃkｅdbyoｔherinｄustriｅsthatａrｅalsodｏｉｎgａｎwellasmaｎｕfacｔurｉｎg,"Mｒ．Dunwellhasbeｇuｎｂrｉngiｎｇhighｓchooｌｊuniｏｒstothefactorysｏtheycangetｅxposedtoitsculｔuｒe.AｔRoMａnMａｎｕｆａｃtuｒing,ａmaｋｅrofelecｔriｃaltｒａnｓformｅrsanｄｗｅｌdｉngeｑuiｐmentthaｔhisfａｔhercｏfoundedin1980，RｏbeｒtＲothkeepacloｓｅｅyeoｎｔhｅagｅofhｉsｎｅａrｌy200workerｓ,fivｅareretiｒiｎgｔhｉsｙｅａr．Mr.Rothhaｓthreｅcｏmmuｎity-collegestｕｄｅntsenrolledinawoｒk-placｅｍentｐｒograｍ,ｗithastartingｗageof＄13aｎhｏurthatriｓesｔｏ$17ａfterｔwｏyeａrｓ.Ataｗoｒkｔabｌｅｉnsideｔhetrａnｓformerｐlａｎｔ,ｙoungJasｏnStｅnquｉｓｔｌoｏksfｌusteｒedbｙｔhecｏpｐerｃｏilshe'ｓtryiｎgtoasｓeｍｂｌeandthearｒivａｌoｆｔwｏｖisiｔｏrs.Ｉt＇ｓhisｆirstweｅkｏntｈeｊob.Askedaboｕtｈisｃｈoicｅofcareer,hesaysａt(yī)hｉｇhscｈｏolheconsｉdeｒedmedicalscｈoｏlbeforｅswitchingｔoｅleｃｔｒicaｌｅngｉnｅeｒiｎg."Ilｏvewoｒkingｗithtools.Ｉlｏｖeｃｒeatｉｎg.＂hｅsａys.Bｕtｔowinoverｔhｅseｙoｕngwｏrkeｒs,ｍａnuｆacturershavetoｃleａranｏthｅrｍajorhｕrdle:parenｔs，ｗhｏlivedtｈroughthewoｒstUＳeｃｏnｏｍicdｏｗnｔuｒnsincetheＧrｅaｔDｅpreｓsioｎ,tｅllｉnｇthｅmtｏａｖｏｉdｔｈeｆactory.Milｌenniaｌs"remeｍberｔhｅirfａｔherandmotｈeｒbothwerelａｉdoff.Tｈｅyblａmeｉtontｈemanuｆactuｒｉnｇrｅｃession,"saysBirgiｔKｌohs,chieｆexecutiveofThｅRiｇhtＰｌace,ａbusineｓｓdeｖelopmentａgeｎcyfｏrwｅsternMｉｃｈigan.Ｔhｅsｅconcernsａｒen'ｔmisｐlaced:Employmentinmanufacｔuriｎｇｈasfａlｌenｆｒom17ｍilｌｉoｎin19７0to12millioｎｉｎ2023.Wheｎthｅｒｅcoveｒｙbeｇan,wｏrkerｓhortagesfirsｔａppearｅdiｎtheｈigh-skillｅdtrades.Nｏｗｓｈｏrtagｅｓaｒeapｐearｉｎgatthｅmiｄ-ｓｋiｌllｅvels.＂Tｈegapｉsbetweentheｊobsthatｔakｅtoskilｌsandtｈosethatｒequirｅａlotofskill，"saysRobＳｐｏhｒ,abusinessprｏfesｓｏrａt(yī)MｏntcａｌmＣoｍmuｎityCｏllegｅ.＂There'reｅｎｏughpeｏpｌeｔofｉlltheｊobsatMｃＤonaldｓaｎdotｈerｐｌacｅｓwhｅreｙoｕｄon'tneｅｄtｏhａvｅmuchskｉll.Ｉt'sthａt(yī)gaｐinｂetween,andthaｔ'swherｅｔheproｂｌemｉs."JｕliePaｒksｏｆGｒandRapidsCｏmmuｎｉtypｏiｎtｓtｏanotherkｅyｔolｕrｉnｇMillenｎiaｌｓintomanufactｕrｉnｇ:aｗork／lifebalaｎce．Whｉlｅtheirｐarｅntsweｒｅcontｅnttoworkloｎghoｕｒs,ｙｏungpeopleｖaｌueflexｉｂility."Overｔimeｉsｎoｔａt(yī)tractｉveｔoｔｈｉsgenerａt(yī)iｏn．Theyｒeａlｌｙwantｔolivｅtheｉrlives,＂sheｓays．[A]ｓaｙｓthatｈeswitcheｄtoeｌeｃtrｉcalenｇｉneｅrｉｎgｂeｃauｓｅhｅloveswｏrkｉngwithtools。４1。JａyDeuwelｌ[B]pｏiｎtｓouｔthattherｅareｅnｏughpeopletofillthejｏbｓthａt(yī)don’tneeｄmucｈskｉlｌ。４2。JａsonStenｑuist[C]ｐoiｎtｓoutthatｔhｅUSｄoesn’tｍanufacturｅanythingａnymoｒｅ。４３。BirgiｔＫlohs［D]believesthatitisimportaｎｔtoｋeeｐａclｏseｅyｅontheagｅofhiswｏｒkers。4４。ＲｏbＳpohr［E]saysthaｔforfａctｏryowｎers，wｏrｋersarｅhａrdｅrtoｆindbecaｕsｅofstiffｃompetition。45.JulieParks[Ｆ］poｉnｔｓｏutｔhataｗork／lifeｂalaｎcｅcａｎａt(yī)tractyoungpeoplｅiｎtoｍanufａcturｉｎg。

[G]ｓayｓｔｈａt(yī)tｈemanｕfacｔｕrｉnｇｒeceｓsioｎｉsｔoblameforｔhｅｌａy－ｏｆftheyoungpｅopｌｅ’ｓpａrents。SｅctionIIITranｓlａｔｉonDireｃtionｓ:ＲeadtｈｅｆｏlｌoｗingtexｔcarefuｌlyandthenｔranｓlaｔeｔheundeｒlineｄsegｍeｎtsｉntoChｉｎｅsｅ.Yourｔranｓlatｉonshouldbewrittenneａt(yī)ｌｙonｔｈeＡNSWEＲSHＥEＴ.（1０ｐoinｔs)４６.MyＤreａmMydreａmｈａsaｌｗaysｂeｅntoworksomeｗｈｅreiｎaｎaｒeabetweeｎｆashionａnｄｐublisｈing.Twoyearsｂeｆorｅgradｕatingfroｍsecondaryschool,ItooｋasewiｎganddesigncoｕrsethｉnｋｉngthatIwoｕlｄｍoveoｎtoａfａshｉondesigｎｃｏuｒsｅ.Hｏweｖer,duｒingthatcoｕrsｅIｒealisedthatＩwasnｏtgｏodｅnoｕghiｎthisareａt(yī)ocompeｔewithotｈercrｅaｔivｅpersonaliｔiesｉntｈeｆutuｒe，sｏIdecidedthａｔitwａsnｏtｔｈeｒigｈtpathforme.BｅｆoreaｐpｌｙingforuniversitｙＩｔoｌdevｅrｙoｎeｔhａｔIｗｏulｄstudyjourｎａliｓm,bｅｃａuseｗｒitingwas，andｓtｉｌlis，oneofmyfaｖoｕriteａｃtivｉtiｅs.Buｔ，toｂｅabsoｌutｅｌｙhonｅst,Isaidit,becａuseIthｏｕｇｈtthａt(yī)faｓhionａndmeｔoｇetｈerwasjustaｄream-Iｋnewthatｎooｎｅ,aｐaｒtｆromｍyｓelｆ,ｃｏuldｉmaginemeinthefａｓｈionindustｒｙａt(yī)all！SeｃtioｎI(lǐng)VWriｔｉngＰartＡ47Diｒectiｏns：SupposeyouａｒeinviteｄｂyProfeｓsorWｉlliamsｔogiveａpｒｅsenｔaｔionaｂoutChinesｅculturｅtｏaｇｒoupofiｎterｎationalsｔudentｓ．Writearepｌｙto1)Ａｃcepｔthｅinｖitatioｎ,and2)Introduｃethekeypｏiｎtｓofyｏurpｒｅｓeｎtaｔion．ＹousｈouｌdwriteｎeatlyoｎthｅANWＳERSＨＥＥT.Ｄonｏtsignｙｏｕownnａmeattｈｅｅnｄｏftｈeleｔteｒ，ｕsｅ“LｉMing”instead．Donｏtwriteｔheaddrｅｓs.(1０pｏiｎts)PartB４8.Dｉrｅcｔioｎs：WｒiteyｏuｒesｓayoｎA(yù)NSWERSHEET.(１5ｐoｉnts)Yousｈould1)interprｅtthｅcｈａrt,and2）gｉｖeyourｃomments.Yoｕshｏuldｗrｉtｅabｏut150ｗordsoｎｔheＡNSWＥRSＨEET．(15poinｔs)2023年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語（二）真題答案解析答案速查:1-5ＣADＡB6-10BCＡDC11-１5CBADC16-2０ＤＡBDB2１-２５A(chǔ)BCDB２6-３0BＤDCＡ31-35CDAＤＡ３6-４0BDCBＤ４1-4５ＥAGBFSｅctiｏn

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文章題材結(jié)構(gòu)分析本文選自《大西洋月刊》中7月2８日的題為“ＷｏｕldａWoｒk-ＦreeWｏrldBｅSoBａd?”的文章，重要描述對無需工作的一種未來的設(shè)想和分析。首段引出猜想并設(shè)立質(zhì)疑,第二段指出人們對“無業(yè)的未來”感到焦急也許的因素。三、四兩段進一闡述和解讀無需工作的未來的優(yōu)劣。試題解析1.【解析】Ｃ。動詞詞義辨析。作家學(xué)者警示人們技術(shù)會代替人類勞動。ｂｏast吹噓、自負,deny否認，ensuｒe保證，wａrning警示，警告。２.【解析】Ａ。上下文理解。根據(jù)后文富人會擁有所有資產(chǎn)，貧困地區(qū)也會扎堆,可以看出此處想表達不平等的意思。inｅqualｉtｙ不平等，inｓtabｉlｉty不穩(wěn)定性,unreliaｂiliｔy不可靠性，ｕnｃｅrtａinｔy不擬定性。3.【解析】Ｄ。詞義辨析。poｌicy政策,guｉdeline指導(dǎo)方針，rｅsoｌutｉoｎ決心,preｄictioｎ預(yù)測。該句意為:此外一種預(yù)測認為……。從內(nèi)容上看,空格之后的內(nèi)容“hoｌｄstｈattｈｅfuturewiｌlbeawaｓtelaｎdofadiｆfeｒeｎｔsoｒt，”該定語從句是對空格詞匯的修飾與說明,既然文中用到了wiｌｌ這一個表達將來時態(tài)的助動詞，故答案為pｒedicｔion。4.【解析】A。動詞詞義辨析。該句意為未來社會的特點是無目的性。5.【解析】B。詞義辨析，上下文理解。沒有了工作富裕生活的意義,人們會變得懶散沮喪。其他幾項不符合題意。6．【解析】B?？疾旄痹~。Inｄeed事實上,那些失業(yè)者生活并不美好。7.【解析】C。上下文理解。前面提到失業(yè)的美國人在和工作的美國人作對比。此外，前面提到ｕnｅmplｏyed。此處在進行對比，故選擇表達反義呼應(yīng)的詞worｋiｎg。8．【解析】A。詞義辨析。死亡率升高，心理健康問題等是由于沒有工資待遇較好的工作，這就解釋了因素問題。Explanaｔｉｏn符合題意。9.【解析】D。介詞辨析。沒有受到良好教育的中年人中間這些問題比較嚴重。很明顯應(yīng)當指前者的發(fā)生范圍，瀏覽四個選項,aｍoｎg“在．...中”表達范圍，符合此處語義需要,故為答案。１0.【解析】C。固定搭配意思辨析。Wｏrryaｂｏut緊張,lｅaveｂｅhind丟棄、使落后，makｅｕp組成,setａsidｅ留出，把……放在一旁。該句意為這就是為什么人們緊張未來無工作的無聊。11.【解析】C。副詞詞義辨析。Necｅsｓariｌy必然地,stａt(yī)ｉｓｔiｃａｌｌy記錄地,ocｃaｓionally偶爾地,ｅcｏｎomicaｌly經(jīng)濟上地。該句想表達并不必然的意思。12.【解析】B。理解上下文。前面說沒有工作會導(dǎo)致不安，這些觀念是來源于在職業(yè)概念的社會中失業(yè)的悲觀面。１3.【解析】A。固定搭配。Inabｓencｅof缺少，inheｉghtｏf在…高度，iｎfacｅof面臨,incourｓeｏf在…中。該句意為假如沒有工作,也就是inabｓeｎceofjob。14.【解析】D。動詞詞義辨析。沒有工作的社會能為人們帶來放松。Ｙield有獲得、帶來的意思，disturb打擾、妨礙,restore恢復(fù)、交還，excｌuｄｅ排斥。1５.【解析】C。詞義辨析。根據(jù)后面工作的缺陷可以推測此處想表達工作的優(yōu)點被過度夸大了。viｒｔue優(yōu)點,好處。1６．【解析】D。詞義辨析和上下文理解。休閑時間對工作人來說相對較少。17.【解析】A。詞義辨析。閑暇時間來平衡人們的智力和情感需求。18.【解析】B。詞義理解。下班回到家感覺到疲倦。Starved饑餓的。19.【解析】Ｄ。固定搭配和介詞使用。Tｈrｏwｉｎtｏ投身于,tｈrｏｗoff擺脫，tｈrowagainsｔ扔掉，ｔhｒｏwbehind拋開。投身到自己的愛好之中。２０.【解析】B。詞義辨析。一些需要專業(yè)技能的項目。并且此處空格和前面的ｉntenｓitｙ形成呼應(yīng)與關(guān)聯(lián)。故此處prｏfｅｓsiｏnal符合語義需要。全文翻譯沒有工作的未來會怎么樣?人們就此問題已經(jīng)臆測了數(shù)世紀，現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù),由于學(xué)者、作家、激進分子紛紛再次警醒人們，科學(xué)技術(shù)正在代替人類工作者。有些人猜測，那個即將到來、沒有工作的未來的重要特點將是不平等：少數(shù)富人擁有所有資本，而大眾將在貧瘠的廢墟中掙扎。有一個預(yù)測與眾不同,少些偏執(zhí)且不互相矛盾。它認為未來將會變成另類的廢墟，以漫無目的為特性：沒有了賦予生活意義的工作,人們就會變得懶惰和消沉。今天的失業(yè)人群的確沒什么好日子過。在一份蓋洛普民意測驗發(fā)中發(fā)現(xiàn)，有20%至少失業(yè)一年的美國人報告患有抑郁癥,這個比率是未失業(yè)美國人的兩倍。一些研究還表白,死亡、精神疾患以及毒癮的比率在受教育水平低的中年人中上升的因素是他們?nèi)鄙俑呤杖氲墓ぷ?。也許這就是許多人對一個“無業(yè)的未來”而感到焦急困頓的因素。但是，由諸如此類的發(fā)現(xiàn)未必就能得出結(jié)論說，沒有工作的未來將充斥著不滿。這樣的展望是以失業(yè)的悲觀面為基礎(chǔ)的，而這樣的悲觀面只存在于建立在就業(yè)觀念上的社會中。沒有了工作,社會追求的目的就會有所不同,在這樣的社會里，勞動和休閑將會別有一番境況。如今，我們或許過度渲染了工作的優(yōu)點?！昂芏喙ぷ鳠o聊、不體面、不健康，是對人類潛能的一種浪費，”戈爾韋市愛爾蘭國立大學(xué)的講師約翰·達納赫說道。現(xiàn)如今,由于大多數(shù)勞動者都相對缺少休閑時間,所以人們就運用自己的閑暇時間去平衡在工作中的智力和情感付出?！敖Y(jié)束一天的辛勞工作回到家時，我經(jīng)常感到疲倦?！边_納赫說。他又補充道，“在一個不需要工作的世界里，我的感受或許會有所不同”——不同到足以使他投身一項業(yè)余愛好或一個有激情的項目,用通常只在解決工作時才會有的熱情投入其中。SeｃtioｎI(lǐng)IReaｄiｎgCｏmｐrｅhensionPartATeｘt1文章題材結(jié)構(gòu)分析本文選自2０23年7月5日的TheGuarｄian

(衛(wèi)報）。重要就“公園跑”現(xiàn)象在英國的普及和發(fā)展進行了討論。第一段說明“公園跑”在英國已十分普遍。第二段說明2023倫敦奧運會的后續(xù)效應(yīng)并沒有對英國人的運動狀況起到積極作用，從而引出“公園跑”的積極作用。第三段對比了奧運會和“公園跑”的不同目的和產(chǎn)生的不同影響。第四段指出通過“公園跑”現(xiàn)象普及，探討英國政府在群眾體育中發(fā)揮的作用。試題解析2１.【解析】Ａ。通過題干可以定位在第一段,可以通過,天天超過五萬人跑步、引發(fā)了40０場運動在英國和在國外等信息得知，公園跑很受歡迎，由此可見，這是一個全民運動,與A選項的grｅatpｏpularitｙ互相相應(yīng),所以選A。其他選項,B發(fā)明了很多就業(yè)機會;C增強了社會的凝聚力；D成為一個官方的節(jié)日;這幾個選項原文中都沒有涉及，所以排除。

22.【解析】Ｂ。通過題干倫敦和奧林匹克遺產(chǎn)可以定位到第二段,題目問的是倫敦奧運會的遺產(chǎn)沒有做成什么事，題干中的failedｔo可以相應(yīng)第二段即使看到了ｆａiliｎg,但并沒有答案。再往下看，倫敦奧運會承諾，人口將會更健康、更多冠軍,但這并沒有發(fā)生，nothapｐeｄ才真正相應(yīng)ｆailedtｏ．23.【解析】Ｃ。這道題定位在第三段的中間,奧林匹克的提倡者相反,想要更多的參與運動發(fā)明更多的精英。由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞ＰarkrｕnisｄifferｅntｆｒomOｌyｍｐiｃgamｅsinthaｔ.．.可以知道這是想考察Ｐarｋruｎ和Ｏlyｍpｉc的區(qū)別。追溯到原文,可以看到文中的第三段第一句話:Parｋruｎｉs