備考2020年中考英語一輪復習代詞用法考點練習

PAGEPAGE14中考英語代詞用法復習一、基本概念和分類代詞的分類：英語中代詞分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、關系代詞、疑問代詞、連接代詞和不定代詞等等?！局v解】按照這個思維導圖告訴代詞有哪些分類，然后讓學生直接在每個類別下面寫上自己知道的單詞，看學生掌握情況。由于人稱代詞物主代詞都比較初級，所以不展開講，中考的重難點還是不定代詞以及不定代詞主謂一致的情況。1、人稱代詞：人稱代詞代替人和事物的名稱,分為主格和賓格兩種形式。2、物主代詞：說明事物所屬關系的代詞,分為形容詞性和名詞性兩種。1）形容詞性物主代詞只能作句子中名詞的修飾語,后面要跟名詞。如：Isthatyourumbrella?/IoftengotoseemyauntonSundays./Theyaretheirbooks.2）名詞性物主代詞相當于名詞,既代替事物又表明所屬關系,在句子中往往獨立地作主語、賓語或者表語,后面千萬不可以跟名詞。如：Thisisyourcup,butwhereismine?/Yourclassroomisverybig,butoursisrathersmall.3）“of+名詞性物主代詞”稱為雙重所有格,作定語時放在名詞的后面。如：Afriendofminecametoseemeyesterday.[試比較]Myfriendcametoseemeyesterday.(指我的那個特定的朋友來看我。)3、反身代詞：表示謂語的動作與主語有關或者賓語補足語的動作與賓語有關。第一人稱單數(shù)第二人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)第一人稱復數(shù)第二人稱復數(shù)第三人稱復數(shù)陽性陰性中性myself(我自己)yourself(你自己)himself(他自己)herself(她自己)itself(它自己)ourselves(我們自己)yourselves(你們自己)themselves(他們/她們/它們自己)1）、反身代詞在句子中作賓語表示反射(指一個動作回到該動作執(zhí)行者本身)。如：Don’tplaywiththeknife,youmighthurtyourself.2)、在句子中作同位語表示強調(即用來強調名詞或代詞的語氣)。如：Thestoryitselfisgood.Onlyhedidn’ttellitwell.典型例題1.Pleasetell_____aboutitif_____doesn’tknow.A.her;herselfB.she;sheC.her;sheD.hers;her答案:C2.______officeismuchlargerthan_______.

A.Ours;yoursB.Our;yoursC.Their;yourD.Your;their’s答案：B3）指示代詞：指示說明近處或者遠處、上文或者下文、以前或者現(xiàn)在的人或事物。單數(shù)復數(shù)含義this(這個)these(這些)指較近的人和物that(那個)those(那些)指較遠的人和物such(這樣的人/物)指上文提過的人和物same(同樣的人/物)指和上文提過的相同的人和物it(這人/這物)指不太清楚是誰或者是什么時指示代詞既可以單獨使用做句子的主語、賓語或表語,也可以作定語修飾名詞。如：What’sthis?/Thatmodelplaneismadeofplastic.(被動句)/Remembernevertodosuchthings./Dothesameastheteachertellsyou./Whoisit?It’sme!4、連接代詞：用來引導賓語從句、主語從句或表語從句的連接詞稱連接代詞。英語中連接代詞主要有：what(什么),who(誰),whom(誰),which(哪個),whose(誰的)。詳見相應從句。5、不定代詞：代替或修飾不特指的人或事物的代詞叫不定代詞。單數(shù)含義someanynonone//each(every)oneeither,neithersotheother,another復合不定代詞不可數(shù)含義muchlittle,alittleall/////復數(shù)含義manyfew,afewonesbothothers,theothers注：復合不定代詞有12個：something(某事),someone(某人),somebody(某人),anything(任何事),anyone(任何人),anybody(任何人),nothing(沒事),nobody(沒有人),noone(沒有人),everything(一切),everyone(每個人),everybody(每個人).6、相互代詞：表示相互關系的詞叫相互代詞。eachother,oneanother是相互代詞,譯成“互相”,可以通用。eachother表示兩者之間,而oneanther表示許多人之間。它們有所有格形式eachother’s,oneanother’s。如：Wemusthelpeachotherwhenweareintrouble.(我們身處困境時要互相幫助。)/Theysattherewithouttalkingtooneanother/eachother.(他們坐在那兒,互相都不說話。)7、疑問代詞：用來提出問題的代詞稱為疑問代詞。1）、who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever主要用于特殊疑問句中,一般放在句首?？谡Z中也常用who代替whom作賓語,但在介詞后則只能用whom。如：Who(m)didyouinvitetoyourbirthdayparty?/Whatdoesshewanttobewhenshegrowsup?2）、who和whom只能獨立使用,其中who可以作句子的主語、表語或動詞的賓語,whom只能作謂語動詞的賓語；而what、which、whose等既可以獨立使用作主語、表語和賓語,也可以與名詞構成疑問短語。如：Whoisthatman?/Whatcolouraretheirhats?/WhichcarwasmadeinGermany?(被動句)注意這個提問：Themaninthecarismyfather.→Whichmanisyourfather?3）、which除了可以詢問指代的情況之外,還可以針對說明人物的時間、地點、歲數(shù)、顏色、大小、狀況等進行提問。如：Peoplethereliveaverysadlife.→Whichpeopleliveasadlife?/--Whichhotelhaveyoubookedforyourholiday?—ThebiggestoneinHaikou.4）、疑問代詞不分單復數(shù),視它所替代的人或事物決定單復數(shù),但是通常用單數(shù)；如果修飾名詞,則以名詞的單復數(shù)為準。如：Whois(are)inthatplayhouse?/Whatisthat?/Whatarethose?/Whatcoloursdotheyhave??？即~分類辨析1)some和any的用法：some一般用于肯定句中,意思是“幾個”、“一些”、“某個”作定語時可修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。如：Ihavesomeworktodotoday./Theywillgotheresomeday.some用于疑問句時,表建議、請求或希望得到肯定回答。如：Wouldyoulikesomecoffeewithsugar?any一般用于疑問句或否定句中,意思是“任何一些”、“任何一個”,作定語時可修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。如：Theydidn’thaveanyfriendshere./Haveyougotanyquestionstoask?any用于肯定句時,意思是“任何一個”，后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式anyother任何其他的一個，后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式ChinaislargerthananycountryinAsia.ChinaislargerthananyotherinAfrica.例題:Billistallerthan_________studentinhisclass。A.any

B.anyotherC.anyone

D.one答案:B2)no和none的用法：no是形容詞,只能作定語表示,意思是“沒有”,修飾可數(shù)名詞(單數(shù)或復數(shù))或不可數(shù)名詞。如：Thereisnotimeleft.Pleasehurryup./Theyhadnoreadingbookstolend.none只能獨立使用,在句子中可作主語、賓語和表語,意思是“沒有一個人(或事物)”,表示復數(shù)或單數(shù)。如：Noneofthemis/areintheclassroom)/Ihavemanybooks,butnoneisinteresting.【講解】None其實就等于no+one區(qū)分none,noone和nothing一.noone和nothing后不可加of短語二.none與all相對，既能指物又可指人，作主語時謂語根據(jù)主語的具體指代可以采用復數(shù)或單數(shù)。noone只能指人，作主語時，謂語動詞只能用單數(shù)。三在回答howmany引起的問句中，表示沒有人時用none。在回答who引起的問句時，表示沒有人用noone四單純表示數(shù)量上的沒有時要用none典型例題1.Wewereallasleepamomentago.___ofusheardthesound.A.BothB.AllC.NeitherD.None答案：D2.ThestudentsallgotothePEclass,_______isintheclassroom.A.NoneBeveryoneCNothingDNoone.答案：D3.-CanIhavesomemoreicecream,Mum?-Sorry,Thereis

leftinthefridge.A.none

B.nothing

C.noone

D.Anything答案：B3)all和both的用法：all指三者或三者以上的人或物,用來代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞；也可用來代替或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。both指兩個人或物,用來代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞。all和both在句子中作主語、賓語、表語、定語如：IknowallofthefourBritishstudentsintheirschool./--Wouldyoulikethisoneorthatone?–Both.all和both既可以修飾名詞(all/both+(the)+名詞),也可以獨立使用,采用“all/both+ofthe+名詞(復數(shù))”的形式,其中的of可以省略。如：All(of)(the)boysarenaughty.典型例題Ihavetwofriends.______ofthemareatschool.來A.BothB.NeitherC.EachD.All答案：A2、Ididn’tknowwhichbookwasbetter,soItookthem___.A.allB.bothC.noneD.each答案：B4)every和each用法：every是形容詞,只能作定語修飾單數(shù)名詞,意思是“每一個”,表示整體概念；each是形容詞、代詞,可用作主語、賓語、定語等,意思是“每個”或者“各個”,表示單個概念；each可以放在名詞前,可以后跟of短語,與動詞同時出現(xiàn)時要放在“be動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞”之后或者行為動詞之前every和each都用作單數(shù)理解,但是下文中既可以用單數(shù)的代詞(如he/him/his)也可以用復數(shù)的代詞(如they/them/their)替代。如：Everyoneofthestudentsinhisclassstudiesveryhard.(他班上每個學生學習都很用功)/Theyareverybusy.Eachofthemhassomethingtodo.(他們很忙,人人都有事干)5)either和neither的用法：either意思是“兩個中間的任何一個”；neither是either的否定形式,意思是“兩個都不”。neither和either在句子中可作主語、賓語和定語等,都用作單數(shù)。如：Idon’tcaremuchforwhattodrink.Eitherofthetwowilldo./--Willyougotherebybusorbycar?–Neither.Iwillgotherebytrain.【講解】neither其實就是no+either思考：either…or…neither…nor…notonly…butalso…both…and…連接兩個名詞作主語時謂語動詞的單復數(shù)情況典型例題—Whenshallwemeetagainnexttime?—________dayisallright.AnyB.NoneC.EitherD.Neither答案：Aother,theother,another,others,theothers的區(qū)別。用

法

代名詞形容詞單數(shù)復數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)不定another另一個others別人，其他人another(boy)另一個（男孩）other(boys)其他男孩特定theother另一個theothers其余那些人、物theother(boy)另一個男孩theother(boys)其余那些男孩another/other/theother/others的用法：①one…theother用于只有兩個的情況下，一定范圍內兩人(物)，一個用one，另一個用theother。one…theothers用于有三個以上的情況下，一定范圍內三者以上，一個用one，其余的用theothers。例句：Somestudentsareinsidetheclassroombuttheotherstudentsareoutsidetheclassroom.ThisgirlisgoodatEnglish.Howabouttheotherthree?②some…others沒有范圍的情況下，一些，另一些。some…theothers一定范圍內的一些，其余的。例句：Somepeoplelikeplayingbadmintonandotherslikeplayingvolleyball.一些人愛打羽毛球，而另一些人喜歡打排球。Somestudentsareplayingbadmintonontheplaygroundandtheothersareplayingvolleyball.一些學生正在操場上打羽毛球，其他學生在打排球。③one…one（another）,theother一定范圍內三者，一個用one，另一個用one(another)，第三個可用theother。④others=otherpeople/things泛指別的人或物時，用others當在一定范圍內，除去一部分后，剩余部分但不是全部時，也用others。注意：other后面需要加名詞的復數(shù)形式例句：Somestudentsareplayingfootballandotherstudentsareplayingbasketball.⑤another:泛指另一個,不與the連用,只能跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。例句：Idon'tlikethisone,willyoupleaseshowmeanotherWeaskedhimtosingusanothersong.【講解】先別慌著死記硬背，先看看這仨有啥差異，其實就是other前面加了個the，加了個an，這樣一來，問題變得很簡單，懂得the和an的用法區(qū)別，就搞定了這仨的區(qū)別。典型例題1.Afterhearingallthesongsonthelist,thefansaskedthesingertosing__________one.A.other B.theother C.another D.others2.Don’tloseheart.Whynothavetry?A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.theothers3.Youngstudentsoughttolearntolendahandto_____whentheyareindifficulties.A.one B.theother C.another D.others4.EverytimeIgotowatchamovie,somethingkeepsmefromenjoyingthefilm.Somepeoplearrivelate,______talkloudly.A.theotherB.others C.theothers D.AnotherIfyoudon’tlikethestyleoftheshoes,youcanasktheclerktobringyou_____pair.A.another B.other C.theother D.othersItwasaterribleaccident.Onepassengerwaskilled,and____wasbadlyhurt.A.theothers B.theother C.others D.therest7. ____. 8.Thegirlhassomeballoonsinherhand.Oneisred,______areyellow.A.others B.another C.theother D.therest9.GrandpaLihasthreesons.OneisinShanghai.______isinGuangzhouand_____isinBeijing.A.Another;anotherB.Theother;theotherC.Another;theotherD.Theother;another10.Wefound_______veryimportanttolearnaforeignlanguagewell.A.thisB.thatC.itD.it’s11. 12.Mycousinmade mistakesinthetest.Hismotherwasn'tsatisfiedwithhisstudy.A.no B.alittle C.few D.quiteafewBret,anoldfriendof ,hasdecidedtogiveupdrinkingtoprotecthishealth.A.myfatherB.myfathers C.myfather's D.myfathers'14.Ican’tunderstandwhyStevenboughtsomanywatchesbutneverwears________ofthem.A.anyB.bothC.anotherD.others15.--Whichcameradoyoulikebetter,thehome-madeortheimported?--______.Thehome-madeistoosmallwhiletheimportedistooexpensive.A.Both B.All C.NoneD.Neither 答案：1-5CBDBA6-10BDDCC11-15ADCAD7)many和much的用法：many后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)toomanymuch后接不可數(shù)名詞toomuchmuchtoo很，非常還可做副詞修飾比較級far,even,still,alot,alittle,abit8)few、little、afew、alittle的用法：few、little意思是“很少幾個”、“幾乎沒有”,有否定的意思,afew、alittle意思是“有幾個”、“有些”,有肯定的意思；few、afew與可數(shù)名詞連用或代替可數(shù)的事物,little、alittle與不可數(shù)名詞連用或代替不可數(shù)的事物。它們在句中可作主語、賓語和定語。如：Heisverypoorandhehaslittlemoney./Don’tworry.Thereisstillalittletimeleft./Inthatpolarregiontherelivefewpeople./Youcangetafewsweetsfromhim.典型例題Thefilmisnotinteresting._______likeit.

A.LittleB.AlittleC.FewD.Afew答案：C9)復合不定代詞somebody,something,anything,nothing,everything,everybody等是由some,any,no,every,加上body,thing構成的,叫做復合不定代詞,在句子中當單數(shù)使用。somebody,something,someone一般用于肯定句中；anything,anybody,anyone一般用于疑問句、否定句和條件狀語從句中。修飾復合不定代詞的定語,應放在它們的后面。如：Hey,Lily.Thereissomeoneoutsidethedoor.DidyoumeetanyonewhenyoucametoschoollastSunday?Hehasnothingmuchtodotoday.典型例題.1.Isthere_______intoday’snewspaper?A.somethingimportantB.importantanythingC.anythingimportantD.importanteverything答案：A2.Allofthemhavegoneout.Thereis______intheclassroom.A.somebodyB.anyoneC.everybodyD.nobody答案：D10)one與ones用來代替上文的一個或多個人或事物,前面可以加冠詞、形容詞、指示代詞、which等。如：Whichjacketwouldyoulike,thisoneorthatone?/Idon’tlikethegreenones.11)so可以代替一件事情,作句子的賓語或表語。如：Idon’tthinkso./Helostabook.SodidI.so,such的區(qū)別值得深究so…that……sothat….such…that…(12)alotof、lotsof、anumberof(/largenumbersof)、agreatdealof、plentyof的區(qū)別：五個“名詞+介詞”短語都表示“大量,許多”：alotof(或lotsof)既可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式,可以相應地換為much和many。plentyof“足夠、大量”,既可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式。anumberof/largenumbersof只可以修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式(它修飾的詞作主語時謂語用復數(shù)形式)可以換為some、many、alotof、plentyof。agreatdealof只可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞(它修飾的詞作主語時謂語用單數(shù)形式)可以換為much。如：Alotofpeoplethinkthattimeismoney./Idon’thavetodoitinahurrybecauseIhaveplentyoftime./Ihaveanumberofletterstowritetoday./Ispendagreatdealoftime/moneyonshopping.13)none、noone、nobody的區(qū)別：noone和nobody都表示“沒有人”,僅指人,后面不跟of短語,作主語時謂語用單數(shù)形式；none表示“沒有一個人/物”,可指人也可以指物,后面可跟of短語,作主語時謂語可用單數(shù)也可用復數(shù)。如：Nooneknowshowhemanagedtogettheticket./Nobodyhandedinhis/theircomposition(s)yesterday./Noneofmyfriendscametoseemethatday.強化練習1.Computersaresupercalculators,weusuallycallelectronicbrains.A.their B.theirs C.them D.themselves2.Istillfeelhungryaftereatingtworicedumplings.Couldyoupleasegivemeone?A.theotherB.other C.anotherD.others3.Whichbookdoyouprefer?isOK.Ilikereadingallkindsofbooks.A.Neither B.Either C.Both D.None4.Ifyousaveeveryday,you'llbeabletobuyamobileinayear.A.alittle B.little C.afew D.few5.Kevinissoindependentthathealwaystriestodoeverythingby.(he)6.–Wheredidyoubutthenicecard?--Imadeitby__________.A.IB.meC.myselfD.mine7.Peter’sparentsaregoodatphysics,but_______ofthemisgoodatEnglish.A.allB.bothC.neitherD.none8.Ineed_____bananastomakefruitsalad.Couldyoupleasebuysome?A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle9.Idon'tlikethecolourofthescarf.Pleaseshowmeone.A.theother B.another C.other D.theothers10.Iaskedmyfriendforsomeink,butshedidn'thave.A.some B.any C.no D.alot11.Mr.SmithtaughtEnglishwhenwewerethestudentsinuniversity.(we)12.Fancyisapleasantgirlwithacheerfulface.Sheisagoodfriendof_______.A.IB.myC.meD.mine13.–Whichplacedoyouprefertolivein,acityoracountryside?--Idon’tcare.________isfine.A.EitherB.NeitherC.AllD.None14.Thestudentsarebusywiththesurveyonclassmates’spendinghabits.(they)15.ItisnodoubtthatLiuXiangis_______favouritestar.A.usB.weC.ourD.ours16Josephhascollectedmanyrarestamps.Someweregivenbyhisfriends,_____wereboughtfromtheInternet.A.theothersB.otherC.othersD.theothers17.Parentsshouldunderstandthattheycan'tdo_____fortheirchildrenandkidshavetolearntobeindependent.A.somethingB.nothingC.everythingD.anything18.Enjoy______attheparty,boysandgirls.(you)19.Teenagersshouldlearntoprotect_______fromallkindsofdanger.A.theyB.themC.theirD.themselves20.Wehavetwoforeignteachershere.OneisfromEngland,and________isfromAmerica.A.anotherB.theotherC.otherD.theothers21.MayIuseyourlaptop?Ileftathomethismorning.(my)22.Wecandonothingaboutyesterday.Whenonedoorcloses,______dooropens.A.anotherB.otherC.othersD.theothers23.Theguestsweretoldtointroduce_____beforetheopeningceremony.(they)24.ThisisnotKitty'sdictionary.________hasanorangecover.A.She B.Her C.Herself D.Hers25.Theplaywasnotinteresting,sotherewere____emptysealsinthetheatre.A.alittle B.alot C.many D.much26.Ifeltsohungryatmidnight,butIcouldn'tfind________toeatinmyflat.A.everythingB.somethingC.anything D.nothing27.Studentsshouldbetaughthowtolearnby__________.(they)28.Ihappenedtomeetafriendofinthebookstoreyesterdayafternoon.A.I B.me C.my D.mine29.TheEnglishguestcouldspeakonlyChinese,butshemanagedtocommunicatewithus.A.few B.little C.alittle D.afew30.Thereissomethingwrongwithmybike,butIc