小學英語情態(tài)動詞知識點與練習題

情態(tài)動詞【知識要點】:情態(tài)動詞（Modalverbs）本身有一定的詞義，表示語氣的單詞。但是不能動詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)動詞用在行為動詞前，表示說話人對這一動作或狀態(tài)的看法或主觀設想。情態(tài)動詞雖然數(shù)量不多，但用途廣泛，主要有下列：can(could),may(might),must,need,oughtto,dare(dared),shall(should),will(would)mustnot.情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化，情態(tài)動詞后面跟的動詞須用原形，否定式構(gòu)成是在情態(tài)動詞后面加"not"。疑問形式是將情態(tài)動詞提至主語前。個別情態(tài)動詞有現(xiàn)在式和過去式兩種形式，過去式用來表達更加客氣，委婉的語氣，時態(tài)性不強，可用于過去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)?。情態(tài)動詞屬非及物動詞，故沒有被動語態(tài)?！镜湫屠}】:【專題一】:can和could的用法【例1】Canyouliftthisheavybox?(體力)【解析】表示能力(體力、知識、技能)【練習】1.Mary2.speakthreelanguages.(知識)youskate?(技能)此時可用beableto代替。Can只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去式;而beableto則有更多的時態(tài)。I’llnotbeabletocomethisafternoon.當表示“經(jīng)過努力才得以做成功某事”時應用beableto,不能用Can?！纠?】-----CanIgonow?-----Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t.maycould,might代替,不是過去式,只是語氣更委婉,不能用于肯定句和答語中?！揪毩暋?---Icometoseeyoutomorrow?----Yes,you----No,you./I’mafraidnot.【例3】Canthisbetrue?【解析】表示推測(驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度),用于疑問句、否定句和感嘆句中?！揪毩暋縏hisHowbedonebyhim.thisbetrue?【專題二】may和might的用法：【例1】----Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?----No,youmustn’t.【解析】表示請求和允許。might比may語氣更委婉,而不是過去式。否定回答時可用can’t或May可時比較正式和客氣,而用CanI...?在口語中更常見?！揪毩暋?---Itakethisbookoutoftheroom?.No,you----Yes,you【例2】Mayyousucceed!【解析】用于祈使句,表示祝愿?！纠?】Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.【解析】表示推測、可能性(不用于疑問句)。might不是過去式,它所表示的可能性比may小?！揪毩暋?.Yourmothernotknowthetruth.2.Heverybusynow.他現(xiàn)在可能很忙?！緦ｎ}三】must和haveto的用法：【例1】Theman【例2】Ibeourteacher。那個人一定是我們的老師。studyhardbecauseofmydream.為了我的夢想我必須努力學習?！纠?】1.Youcomeintime.你必須準時過來behaveto強調(diào)客觀需要?！揪毩暋?1.Herplayisboring,I2.Yourmothergonow.bewaitingforyounow.3.Igohome,becausemyfatherisill.【例4】---Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?---Yes,you---No,you【解析】：在回答由must引出的問句時，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t,而用needn’t,don’thaveto.must是說話人的主觀看法,而haveto則強調(diào)客觀需要。【練習】:---Musthegotoschoolnow?---Yes,he---No,he.【專題四】should及其否定式用法【例1】：Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.【解析】：should表示應該、勸告、建議和命令。【練習】:1.You2.gotoclassrightaway.Iopenthewindow?【專題四】need的用法【例1】：Youneedn’tcomesoearly.【解析】need作情態(tài)動詞用時,常用于疑問句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must,haveto,oughtto,should代替【練習】----NeedIfinishtheworktoday?----Yes,you/No,you【專題五】should的用法【例1】Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.【解析】should表示應該【練習】Youtakecareofthebaby.【例2】Youshouldgotoclassrightaway.【解析】表示勸告、建議和命令。在疑問句中常用should。【練習】Iopenthewindow？【專題六】will和would的用法【例1】Iwilldoanythingforyou.【解析】表示詢問，請求,將要?！揪毩暋?.youpassmethebook?2.Shegotothelibrary.【例2】wouldyoutellmethewaytotheschool?【解析】表示過去的意愿或委婉提問自我檢測(一)用適當?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞填空。1.MustIborrowthebookwithmyIDcard?No,you2.Iuseyourcar?Yes,you3.Igohomenow?No,youstayhereandwaitfortheteacher.4.Mymotherisill.Istayathomeandlookafterher.sendanemailtomyfriend.takemoreexercise.5.I6.You7.youtellmehowtogettothePark?helpeachother.8.We9.youliketogofishingwithme?weplayfootballthisafternoon?10.(二)按要求改寫句子。1.Icanrunfast.(否定句)Ifast.2.Youmustreturnthebooknow.(一般疑問句)Ireturnthebooknow?No,you3.Hecanplaybasketballwell.(一般疑問句)Hebasketballwell?.4.Theymusttakethebooksoutoftheroom.(否定句)They5.Hewillgetupearly.(否定句）Hegetupearly.thebooksoutoftheroom.(三)選擇題。1.ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI_______forher.A.hadtowriteitoutB.musthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitouD.oughttowriteitout2.—Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.—It_______acomfortablejourney.A.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen3.It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jack_______behereatanymoment.A.must4.Johnny,you_______playwiththeknife,you_______hurtyourself.A.won’t;can’tC.shouldn’t;mustB.needC.shouldD.canB.mustn’t;mayD.can’t;shouldn’t5.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_______getout.A.hadto6.—WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.—They_______bereadyby12:00.B.wouldC.couldD.wasabletoA.canB.shouldC.mightD.need7.—IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.—Oh,didyou?You_______withBarbara.A.couldhavestayedC.wouldstayB.couldstayD.musthavestayed8.—AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?—I’mnotsure.I_______gototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might9.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You_______homewithoutaword.A.mustn’tleaveB.shouldn’thaveleftD.needn’tleaveC.couldn’thaveleft10.—IsJohncomingbytrain?—Heshould,buthe_______not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.may11.Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebags_______beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will12.Iwonderhowhe_______thattotheteacher.A.daretosayB.daresayingD.daredsayC.notdaresay13.Whenhewasthere,he_______gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might14.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates_______remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.A.canB.willC.mayD.shall15.How_______yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlyapartofthearticle?A.can16.—Ihearyou’vegotasofvaluableAustraliancoin._______Ihavealook?—Yes,certainly.B.mustC.needD.mayA.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should●答案解析●(一)1.needn’t/don’thaveto2.Cancan3.Maymust、4.haveto5.will9.Would10.can6.should7.can/could8.must/shouldrun5.wouldn’t2.Must3.Canplaytake(三)1.to/should某事?！啊苍S我本該把詳細地址寫給她的?！?.D?！癱ouldn’thave+過去分詞”表示對過去情況的推測。既然小汽車上“已有五人”，且是“設法”才把你帶去的，