新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語第三冊 Language in use-Unit 1

Languageinusewordformation:compoundwords1FindmoreexamplesofeachuseofhyphensinthepassageWearealldying.?I’vedouble-andtriple-checkedit.(compoundverb)?buddingcrypt-kickers(compoundnoun)?arear-viewmirror(compoundadjective)?theonce-a-yearholidaytoFloridaorSpain(compoundadjective)?back-burnerstuff(compoundadjective)?standingatthecorneroftheCo-op(compoundnoun)?asepia-colouredrelativethatnoonecanputanameto(compoundadjective)2Rewritethephrasesusingcompoundadjectives.1apartywhichisheldlateatnight(alate-nightparty)2alibrarywhichiswellstocked(awell-stockedlibrary)3aprofessorwhoisworldfamous(aworld-famousprofessor)4someadvicewhichiswelltimed(somewell-timedadvice)5apopulationwhichisgrowingrapidly(arapidly-growingpopulation)6aneconomywhichisbasedonfreemarket(afree-marketeconomy)7aboattripwhichlastsforhalfanhour(ahalf-hourboattrip)It’swhat/how…that…3RewritethesentencesusingIt’swhat/how…that…1Whatotherpeoplethinkofusisdeterminedbyhowwebehave.It’showwebehavethatdetermineswhatotherpeoplethinkofus.2Whatsortofjobwearegoingtoendupdoingisusuallydeterminedbyourcharacter.It’swhatourcharacteristhatusuallydetermineswhatsortofjobwearegoingtoendupdoing.3Whatwedoasacareerisn’talwaysdeterminedbythemarkswegetatuniversity.Itisn’talwayswhatmarkswegetatuniversitythatdeterminewhatwedoasacareer.4Howwereacttolife’sproblemsisoftendeterminedbyourchildhoodexperiences.Itisoftenwhatweexperiencedinourchildhoodthatdetermineshowwereacttolife’sproblems.5Whenwedieisdeterminedbyourgeneticclock,andthechangeswemaketoit.It’swhatourgeneticclockisandwhatchangeswemaketoitthatdeterminewhenwedie.Itis/wasnotjustthat…but…4RewritethesentencesusingItis/wasnotjustthat…but…1NotonlyweretheshopsallclosedforThanksgiving,therewasalsonooneinthestreets.Itwasn’tjustthattheshopswereallclosedforThanksgiving,buttherewasnooneinthestreets.2Notonlydidshespendallhertimeatcollegegoingtoparties,shealsotookthetimetogainafirst-classdegree.Itwasn’tjustthatshespentallhertimeatcollegegoingtoparties,butshetookthetimetogainafirst-classdegree.3Notonlyweretheynotlisteningtowhathesaid,italsoseemedasiftheyweren’tatallinterested.Itwasn’tjustthattheyweren’tlisteningtowhathesaid,butitseemedasiftheyweren’tatallinterested.4NotonlywasIupset,IalsofeltasifIwasgoingtoburstoutcrying.Itwasn’tjustthatIwasupset,butIfeltasifIwasgoingtoburstoutcrying.5NotonlywastheGrimReaperintendedtofrightenpeople,itwasalsoafigureoffun.Itwasn’tjustthattheGrimReaperwasintendedtofrightenpeople,butitwasalsoafigureoffun.collocations5Readtheexplanationsofthewords.Answerthequestions.1settleWhenyousettlesomewhereyougotheretostay.(a)Whereisdustlikelytosettleinaroom?Onthesurfacesthataren’tusedveryoftenoraren’tcleaned.(b)Ifyousettleanargument,istheconclusionsatisfactory?Yes,itis,becausethedisagreementissolvedandeachpartyissatisfiedwiththeoutcome.(c)Ifyousettlethebill,whatistherelefttopay?Nothing,becauseyouhavepaideverythingthatisowed.(d)Whatdoyoudowhenyousettlebacktowatchafilm?Werelaxinacomfortablechairandenjoyit.2smoothThiswordcanmeanflatorsoft,comfortable,easyorconfident.(a)Iftheseaissmooth,areyoulikelytofeelseasick?No,becausetheseaiscalm.Wewillfeelseasickifitisrough.(b)Ifachangeoverfromonegovernmenttothenextissmooth,aretherelotsofproblems?No,becausethechangeoverhasgonewell,withoutdifficulties.(c)Isitagoodideatotrustasmoothtalker?Notnecessarily,becausesomepeoplewhotalkconfidentlylikethatdosototrickyou,likeaconfidencetricksterorconman.3offerThiswordcanrefertosomethingyouwouldlikesomeonetotake,somethingsomeonegives,orsomethingthatisforsale.(a)Ifyoudeclineanoffer,doyousay“yes”or“no”?Wesay“no”,becausewearerefusingit.(b)Ifyouofferanapologytosomeoneforsomethingyouhavedone,whatdoyousay?Weshouldsay,“Iapologize”or“I’msorry”.(c)Whereareyoulikelytoseespecialoffer?Inashop,becausetheshopisofferingaspecialpriceorreductionforsomething.(d)Ifsomeonehasalottooffer,whatkindofpersonarethey?Theyareintelligent,talented,giftedorcreativeandtheywillbringthesekindsofqualitiestotheirwork.4bearIfyoubearsomethingyoucarryorbringit.Ifyoucannotbearsomething,youdislikeitorcannotacceptit.(a)Ifyoubearsomethinginmind,doyouforgetit?No,wewillrememberitandconsideritforaparticularoccasioninfuture.(b)Ifyoubeararesemblancetosomeone,inwhatwayareyoulikethem?Welooksimilarincertainphysicalfeatures.(c)Isthereanythingyoucan’tbeartothinkabout?Ican’tbeartothinktoomuchaboutsomeoftheproblemsintheworld,famine,war,povertyetc.Inthemodernworld,whydon’twejustsolvethem?5resistanceThiswordcanrefertotherefusaltoacceptsomethingnew,theabilitynottobeharmedbysomething,oroppositiontosomeoneorsomething.(a)Ifthereisresistancetoanidea,dopeopleacceptit?No,noteasily.Theyrefusetoaccepttheideamaybebecauseit’sjustabadidea,ortheymaychangetheirmindiftheyunderstanditbetter.(b)Ifthesoldiersmetwithresistance,whathappened?Thesoldiersmetoppositionfromthosetheywerefightingagainst.(c)Isthereawaytobuildupyourresistancetocold?Yes,wecankeepourselvesashealthyaspossiblewithagooddietandgettingenoughexercisesothatwearelesslikelytocatchacold,orifwedogetone,wewon’tsuffersobadly.6TranslatetheparagraphsintoChinese.1Weallsensedwewerecomingtotheendofourstayhere,thatwewouldnevergetachancelikethisagain,andwebecamedeterminednottowasteit.MostimportantofcoursewerethefinalexamsinAprilandMayinthefollowingyear.Noonewantedthehumiliationoffinishinglastinclass,sothepeergrouppressuretoworkhardwasstrong.Librarieswhichwereonceemptyafterfiveo’clockintheafternoonwerestandingroomonlyuntiltheearlyhoursofthemorning,andguysworethebagsundertheireyesandtheirpale,sleepyfaceswithpride,likemedalsprovingtheirdiligence.(?andguysworethebagsundertheireyesandtheirpale,sleepyfaceswithpride…這句的動詞wear后面帶兩個賓語，中文找不到能帶這兩個賓語的動詞，故處理成四個中文短句；翻譯likemedalsprovingtheirdiligence時，采用“增詞法”增加“這些”來概括前面所描寫的“眼袋”，“臉色蒼白”，“睡眼惺忪”等，使譯文含義更加清晰流暢。)我們都覺得在校時間不多了，以后再也不會有這樣的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會了，所以都下定決心不再虛度光陰。當(dāng)然，下一年四五月份的期末考試最為重要。我們誰都不想考全班倒數(shù)第一，那也太丟人了，因此同學(xué)們之間的競爭壓力特別大。以前每天下午五點以后，圖書館就空無一人了，現(xiàn)在卻要等到天快亮?xí)r才會有空座，小伙子們熬夜熬出了眼袋，他們臉色蒼白，睡眼惺忪，卻很自豪，好像這些都是表彰他們勤奮好學(xué)的獎?wù)隆?Tomorrow?It’sallalie;thereisn’tatomorrow.There’sonlyapromissorynotethatweareoftennotinapositiontocash.Itdoesn’tevenexist.Whenyouwakeupinthemorningit’llbetodayagainandallthesameruleswillapply.Tomorrowisjustanotherversionofnow,anemptyfieldthatwillremainsounlesswestartplantingsomeseeds.Yourtime,whichistickingawayaswespeak(atabout60secondsaminutechronologically;abitfasterifyoudon’tinvestyourtimewisely),willbegoneandyou’llhavenothingtoshowforitbutregretandarear-viewmirrorfullof“couldhaves”,“shouldhaves”and“wouldhaves”.(?本段的難點在于對一些詞的理解與翻譯，如anemptyfieldthatwillremainso,chronologically,investyourtimewisely,havenothingtoshowforitbut等等。“couldhaves”,“shouldhaves”,“wouldhaves”是表達(dá)與事實相反的條件句，指自己沒有做，但有可能或應(yīng)該做的事情。)明天行嗎？明天只是個謊言；根本就沒有什么明天，只有一張我們常常無法兌現(xiàn)的期票。明天甚至壓根兒就不存在。你早上醒來時又是另一個今天了，同樣的規(guī)則又可以全部套用。明天只是現(xiàn)在的另一種說法，是一塊空地，除非我們開始在那里播種，否則它永遠(yuǎn)都是空地。你的時間會流逝（時間就在我們說話的當(dāng)下嘀嗒嘀塔地走著，每分鐘順時針走60秒，如果你不能很好地利用它，它會走得更快些），而你沒有取得任何成就來證明它的存在，唯獨留下遺憾，留下一面后視鏡，上面寫滿了“本可以做”、“本應(yīng)該做”、“本來會做”的事情。7TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.1對于是否應(yīng)該在大學(xué)期間詳細(xì)規(guī)劃自己的未來，學(xué)生們意見不一。有的人認(rèn)為對未