高考英語考點(diǎn) 22定冠詞

考點(diǎn)二十二定冠詞I;方高考考點(diǎn)回顧定冠詞的使用情況（1）使用定冠詞的一般情況。特指或第二次提到。序數(shù)詞前、最高級(jí)前、獨(dú)一無二的東西前。用于表示發(fā)明創(chuàng)造物的單數(shù)名詞前或某些專有名詞前。Doyouknowwhoinventedthetelephone?用在某些由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國家名稱、機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體、階級(jí)等專有名詞前。例如thePeople'sRepublicofChina中華人民共和國；theUnitedStates美國用在表示樂器的名詞之前。例如：Sheplaysthepiano.她會(huì)彈鋼琴。用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前，表示一家人。例如：theGreens格林一家人（或格林夫婦）（2）定冠詞使用特殊的場(chǎng)合。Hehithimintheface.（身體部位）beatsb.onthenose,takesb.bythearm,patsb.ontheheadtherich，thepoor，thewounded富人，窮人，傷員theelderofthetwo,hemorebeautifulofthetwo兩者中較年長的一位，較漂亮的一個(gè)Thesooner,thebetter越快越好。Hegotpaidbythehour他是按小時(shí)付工錢的。bytheyard/thedozen/themonth/theyear.?.按但：byweight按重量inthe50s/inthe1870s（表示年代）theSmiths/theWhites（表示一家人或夫婦）inthewater/field/light/shade/distance/middle/country/raintellthetruth/ontheotherhand/onthewayhome當(dāng)抽象名詞表示某一特定內(nèi)容,特別是當(dāng)它有一限定性修飾語時(shí),它與定冠詞連用：Sheisfondofmusic.HeisplayingthemusicwrittenbyBeethoven.Goodadviceisbeyondprice.I'msorrynottohavetakentheadvicehegave.（3）有些習(xí)慣上不加冠詞的名詞在特指的情況下,可加定冠同。如:Shanghai（上海）,theShanghaiyouseetoday（你今天所見的上海）；history（歷史）,thehistoryofQingDynasty（清朝史）;inbed（躺在床上）,onthebed（在床上）;inhospital（住院）,inthehospital（在醫(yī)院）；infrontof（在前面）,inthefrontof（在前部）。（4）用在江河湖海、山脈前。用在報(bào)刊、雜志前。如：theYellowRiver,thePacificOcean,theAlps（阿爾卑斯山）,theHimalayas（喜馬拉雅山）,thePeople'sDaily（人民日?qǐng)?bào)）,theEveningPaper,theTimes《時(shí)代》(5)表語言的名詞前一般不用冠詞，但后面出現(xiàn)language一詞，需加定冠詞the。如:English=theEnglishlanguage;French=theFrenchlanguage（6）thesame;theformer，thelatter;therest;listentotheradio，onthephone，surftheinternet.OnMay5，2005，atWorldTableTennisChampionship，KongLinghuiandWangHaowonthegoldmedalinmen'sdoubleswithscoreof4:1.A.a;aB.不填;theC.a;不填D.the;aIfyougrowupinlargefamily，youaremorelikelytodevelopabilitytogetonwellwithothers.A./;an;theB.a;the;/C.the;an;theD.a;the;theIfyougobytrain，youcanhavequiteacomfortablejourney，butmakesureyougetfastone.A.the;theB.不填；aC.the;aD.不填；不填前高考經(jīng)典例題（2018年新課標(biāo)I卷短文改錯(cuò)）Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwenttocountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.【答案】countryside前加the【解析】考查冠詞。句意：去年寒假，我和父親去鄉(xiāng)下拜訪爺爺奶奶。此處特指去的是鄉(xiāng)下，故加定冠詞the。A高考真題単解（2018?新課標(biāo)II卷?語法填空）DietshavechangedinChina-andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountryhasgrown（grow）morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentoverpast25years，whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.【答案】the【解析】考查冠詞?？疾楣谠~的用法。句意：在過去的25年，玉米的產(chǎn)量增長了差不多125%，而水稻只增長了7%。短語：inthepast...years在過去的…年，故答案為the。（2018?新課標(biāo)III卷?語法填空）I'mwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,I'mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingattopofherlungs.【答案】the【解析】考查冠詞。考查冠詞。atthetopofone'slung是固定表達(dá)，表示“歇斯底里地叫喊”，故答案為the。（2017年新課標(biāo)3卷短文改錯(cuò)）Aroundmeinpicturearethethingswhichwereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime:carmagazinesandmusicalinstruments.【答案】picture前加the或this【解析】考查限定詞的用法。單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前應(yīng)該有限定詞，根據(jù)句意可知在picture前加the或者this?！?016?浙江】2.prizeforthewinnerofthecompetitionistwo-weekholidayinParis.A.The;不填B.A;不填C.A;theD.The;a【答案】D【解析】考查冠詞。句意：這個(gè)比賽獲勝者的獎(jiǎng)品是一個(gè)巴黎的兩個(gè)星期的假期。第一空填the,是特指“獲勝者的獎(jiǎng)品”，用定冠詞，第二空是泛指“一個(gè)兩周的假期”，用不定冠詞a。故選A。【2016?浙江】短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）Everytimehearrivedhomeatendoftheday,we'dgreetheratthedoor.【答案】at后面加the【解析】試題分析：attheendof為固定搭配，意為“在結(jié)束的時(shí)候”。故at后面加the。考點(diǎn)：考查冠詞一單句語法填空1.Indiaattainedindependencein1947,afterlongstruggle.The“ChineseDream”isdreamtoimprovepeople'swell-beinganddreamofharmony,peaceanddevelopment.Animalsareobviouslylowerformoflifethanman.Fourandhalfhoursofdiscussiontookusuptomidnight,andbreakforcheese,chocolateandteawithsugar.MarcoPoloissaidtohavesailedonPacificOceanonhiswaytoJavainthirteencentury.6.Sarahlookedatfinishedpaintingwithsatisfaction.Hemissedgoldinthehighjump,butwillgetsecondchanceinthelongjump.Carlisstudyingfoodscienceatcollegeandhopestoopenupmeatprocessingfactoryofhisownoneday.9.Iwokeupwithbadheadache,yetbyeveningthepainhadgone.10.TheSmithsdon'tusuallylikestayingathotels,butlastsummarytheyspentafewdaysaverynicehotelbysea.二短文改錯(cuò)Itwasmy17thbirthdayandIwaslookingforwardtoseemyfriends.Iarrivedatmyfavoriterestaurant,waitingforhim.Wewouldhavethespecialbirthdaydinner.Ilookedforafamiliarfacebutfailed.Soontherestaurantwasfilledcustomers,noneofwhichweremyfriends.Anhourlater,Iwentbackhome,lonelyanddisappointing.Tomygreatsurprise,IfoundthedoorwaswideopenwhileIarrivedhome.Nervously,Iwalkintothedarkroom.Suddenly,allthelightwentonandmyfriendswereappearedshouting‘‘surprise”.Ihadanunforgettablebirthday.定冠詞用法□訣特指、重提和唯一，島嶼，海峽和海灣；海洋，黨派最高級(jí)，沙漠，河流與群山；方位、順序和樂器，年代，團(tuán)體與機(jī)關(guān)；船名，建筑和組織，會(huì)議，條約與報(bào)刊姓氏復(fù)數(shù)，國全名一定要把the來提填特指雙熟悉,上文已提及;世上獨(dú)無二,敘述最高級(jí);某些專有名,習(xí)語和樂器。參考答案高考考點(diǎn)問診第一空，專有名詞前要用定冠詞the；第二空可以填a也可以填the單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前要有冠詞，復(fù)數(shù)名詞前表特指時(shí)用定冠詞；largefamily是泛指；ability是與他人友好相處的ability，是特指；others是不定范圍內(nèi)的其他人在與by連用的交通工具名稱前不用冠詞，單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前要用冠詞，表泛指用不定冠詞a或an單句語法填空1.a2.a;a3.a4.a;a5.the;the6.the7.the;a8.a9.a;the10.the短文改錯(cuò)【答案】seeItwasmy17thbirthdayandIwaslookingforwardto:—myfriends.Iarrivedatmyfavoriteseeinghimtherestaurant,waitingfor.Wewouldhavespecialbirthdaydinner.Ilookedforafamiliarthemawhichfacebutfailed.Soontherestaurantwasfilledcustomers,noneofweremywithwhomdisappointingfriends.Anhourlater,Iwentbackhome,lonelyand.Tomygreatsurprise,IfounddisappointedwhilewalkthedoorwaswideopenIarrivedhome.Nervously,Iintothedarkroom.whenwalkedlight、Suddenly,allthewentonandmyfriendswere....appearedshouting‘‘surprise".Ihadanlightsunforgettablebirthday.【解析】這篇文章主要講了作者十七歲生日時(shí)，作者的朋友給作者舉辦的一個(gè)特殊的生日宴會(huì)。第一處:考查固定用法dookforwardto期盼，后面要接動(dòng)詞的ing形式，所以see改成seeing。第二處：考查代詞。指代前面的“我的朋友們”，所以him改成them。第三處：考查冠詞。我們將有一個(gè)特殊的生日宴會(huì)。泛指一個(gè)特殊的生日宴會(huì)”，且special的首字母發(fā)音是輔音，所以the改成a。第四處：考查固定用法。befilledwith是固定用法，意思是滿是，充滿，所以filled后面加with。第五處：考查定語從句。這個(gè)句子含有一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，指人，所以which改成whom。第六處:考查v+ed形式°v+ed修飾人,v+ing修飾物，這里描述作者的感受，所以disappointing改成disappointed。第