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2022年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語一真題

本試題來源于考生回憶,僅供學(xué)習(xí)參考,請勿用作其他用途!

一、SectionIUseofEnglish

1.Directions:

TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

Theideathatplantshavesomedegreeofconsciousnessfirsttookrootintheearly2000s;the

term“plantneurobiology"was[Al]aroundthenotionthatsomeaspectsofplantbehavior

couldbe[A2]_tointelligenceinanimals._[A3]plantslackbrains,thefiring

ofelectricalsignalsintheirstemsandleavesnonethelesstriggeredresponsesthat[A4]

___consciousness,researcherspreviouslyreported.

Butsuchanideaisuntrue,accordingtoanewopinionarticle.Plantbiologyiscomplexand

fascinating,butit_[A5]_sogreatlyfromthatofanimalsthatso-called[A6]

ofplants'intelligenceisinconclusive,theauthorswrote.

Beginningin2006,somescientistshave[A7]_thatplantspossessneuron-likecellsthat

interactwithhormonesandneurotransmitters,[A8]“aplantnervoussystem,

[A9]_tothatinanimals,wsaidleadstudyauthorLincolnTaiz,“They___[A10]__claimed

thatplantshave*brain-likecommandcenters*attheirroottips.”

This_[A12]makessenseifyousimplifytheworkingsofacomplexbrain,[A12]

___ittoanarrayofelectricalpulses;cellsinplantsalsocommunicatethroughelectrical

signals.[A13],thesignalinginaplantisonly[A14]similartothefiring

inacomplexanimalbrain,whichismorethan“amassofcellsthatcommunicatebyelectricity,w

Taizsaid.

“Forconsciousnesstoevolve,abrainwithathreshold_[A15]_ofcomplexityandcapacity

isrequired,he___[A16]."Sinceplantsdon'thavenervoussystems,the[A17]

___thattheyhaveconsciousnessareeffectivelyzero.”

Andwhat'ssogreataboutconsciousness,anyway?Plantscan,trunawayfrom___[A18]___,

soinvestingenergyinabodysystemwhich[A19]___athreatandcanfeelpainwouldbe

avery[A20]evolutionarystrategy,accordingtothearticle.

(1).[Al]

A.coinedV

B.discovered

C.collected

D.issued

解析:

邏輯關(guān)系題。分號提示分號前后語義一致。根據(jù)分號前的first(首次)和tookroot(生根)可知,plantshave

somedegreeofconsciousness(植物有某種程度的意識)在當時是種新思想。據(jù)此推斷,thetermMplant

neurobiology”是個新概念。A項coined表示“創(chuàng)造(新詞語)",代入后符合原文語義。所以,本題答案

為A項。

(2).[A2]

A.attributed

B.directed

C.comparedJ

D.confined

解析:

固定搭配題。分號提示分號前后語義?致。根據(jù)分號前plantshavesomedegreeofconsciousness(植

物有某種程度的意識)可知:植物有意識。這種意識與空白處后的intelligenceinanimals(動物的智力)

二者存在相似性。C項compared與to構(gòu)成固定搭配,表示“表明……與……相似;將……比作”,代入后

符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為C項。

(3).[A3]

A.Unless

B.When

C.Once

D.ThoughV

解析:

邏輯關(guān)系題。本題考查句內(nèi)邏輯關(guān)系,比較本旬前后兩個半句語義,即plantslackbrains(植物缺乏大

腦)和thefiringofelectricalsignalsintheirstemsandleavesnonethelesstriggeredresponses(然

而,莖和葉發(fā)射的電信號觸發(fā)了反應(yīng)),可知二者存在語義相反。D項Though(雖然,盡管)提示讓步關(guān)系,

屬于語義相反,符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。所以,本題答案為D項。

干擾項:A項Unless(除非),B項When(當……時),C項Once(一旦),均不符合原文語義和邏輯關(guān)系。

(4).[A4]

A.copedwith

B.consistedof

C.hintedatV

D.extendedto

解析:

固定搭配題。根據(jù)空白處前后的responses(反應(yīng))和consciousness(感覺;意識)語義可知,前者是后者的

一種信號。C項hintedat為固定搭配,表示“暗示,透露”,代入后符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為C

項。

干擾項:A項copedwith(處理,對付),B項consistedof(由...構(gòu)成),D項extendedto(將范圍擴大

至……)均不符合原文語義。

(5).[A5]

A.suffers

B.benefits

C.develops

D.differsJ

解析:

語境題。根據(jù)本段段首suchanideaisuntrue對上段觀點(植物意識和動物智力存在相似性)的否定可知:

植物意識和動物智力并不相似。所以,本題所考查的it(指代P租ntbiology)和thatofanimals(that指

代biology)之間的語義關(guān)系為二者相異。D項differs(相異,不同于)代入后符合原文語義和邏輯關(guān)系。

所以,本題答案為I)項。

干擾項:A項suffers(受苦,受難),B項benefits(得益于),C項develops(發(fā)展,變化)均不符合原文語

義和邏輯關(guān)系。

(6).[A6]

A.acceptance

B.evidenceJ

C.cultivation

D.creation

解析:

語境題。上句suchanideaisuntrue是對上段末句(植物的反應(yīng)體現(xiàn)其意識)的否定,也就是說,本段主

要觀點為:植物沒有意識(智力)。本句so-called6ofplants'intelligenceisinconclusive(所謂

的“植物智力”的6是沒有說服力的)也需與本段主要觀點保持一致。B項evidence(證據(jù))代入后符合原

文語義。所以,本題答案為B項。

干擾項:A項acceptance(同意,認可),C項cultivation(種植,栽培),D項creation(創(chuàng)造)均不符合原

文語義。

(7).[A7]

A.doubted

B.denied

C.arguedV

D.requested

解析:

語境題。比較本句scientistshave7thatplantspossessneuron-likecellsthat…(科學(xué)家們一直7

植物具有...神經(jīng)元樣細胞)和下句They10claimedthatplantshave*brain-likecommand

centers'……(他們10聲稱植物……有”大腦般的指揮中心”),可知,二者結(jié)構(gòu)相似:scientists和

They,后者指代前者,二者同義;plants原詞復(fù)現(xiàn);possess(擁有)與have二者同義。所以,空白處語義與

下句對應(yīng)位置的claimed(聲稱)語義相近。C項argued(主張,提出理由說明)符合原文語義。所以,本題

答案為C項。

干擾項:A項doubted(懷疑),B項denied(否認),D項requested(要求),均不符合原文語義。

(8).[A8]

A.adapting

B.formingV

C.repairing

D.testing

解析:

語境題。比較空白處前neuron-likecellsthat-(...神經(jīng)元樣細胞)和空白處后aplantnervous

system(植物神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)),可知,前者是后者的構(gòu)成要素。B項forming(使形成)代入后符合原文語義。所以,

本題答案為B項。

干擾項:A項adapting(使適應(yīng)),C項repairing(補救,糾正)和D項testing(測驗,考查)均不符合原文

語義。

(9).[A9]

A.analogousJ

B.essential

C.suitable

D.sensitive

解析:

語境題。比較空白處前aplantnervoussystem(植物神經(jīng)系統(tǒng))和空白處后thatinanimals(動物的神經(jīng)

系統(tǒng),其中,that指代anervoussystem)可知,二者同為神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)。A項analogous表示“相似的,類

似的”,代入后符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為A項。

干擾項:B項essential(必不可少的),C項suitable(適用的)和D項sensitive(敏感的)均不符合原文語

義。

(10).[A10]

A.just

B.ever

C.still

D.evenJ

解析:

邏輯關(guān)系題。本題考查句間邏輯關(guān)系,比較本句claimedthatplantshave4brain-likecommand

centers*(聲稱植物擁有“大腦般的指揮中心”)和上句somescientistshave7thatplantspossess

neuron-likecells(一些科學(xué)家一直7植物擁有神經(jīng)元樣細胞)語義可知,從對「植物有意識」的論證力

度上來說,“大腦般的指揮中心”比“神經(jīng)元樣細胞”更進一層。D項even(甚至)提示遞進關(guān)系,符合原

文邏輯關(guān)系。所以,本題答案為D項。

干擾項:A項just(僅僅),B項ever(從來,在任何時候),C項still(還,還是),均不符合原文語義和邏

輯關(guān)系。

(11).[All]

A.restriction

B.experiment

C.perspectiveJ

D.demand

解析:

邏輯關(guān)系題。This+空白處指代上段提到的信息,;上段主要提出了Taiz的觀點、論點,因此空白處語義表示

觀點、論點。C項perspective(觀點)是對該句的概括,代入后符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為C項。

干擾項:A項restriction(限制),B項experiment(實驗),D項demand(要求),均不符合原文語義和邏輯

關(guān)系。

(12).[A12]

A.attaching

B.reducingJ

C.returning

D.exposing

解析:

固定搭配題??瞻滋幩诘臓钫Z結(jié)構(gòu),是對主句謂語simplify(使簡化)的一種伴隨狀態(tài),所以,空白處語

義與simplify(使簡化)語義相近。B項reducing與介詞to搭配,表示“將……概括為(或簡化為)”,代

入后符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為B項。

干擾項:其余各項均可與介詞to構(gòu)成不同搭配,A項attaching…to…(把...固定在....上),C項

returning…to…(把...帶回....>把....送回....),D項exposing…to…(向...顯露....),均不符合

原文語義。

(13).[A13]

A.However7

B.Moreover

C.Therefore

D.Otherwise

解析:

邏輯關(guān)系題。本題考查句間邏輯關(guān)系,比較空白處前cellsinplantsalsocommunicatethroughelectrical

signals(植物中的細胞也通過電信號溝通)和空白處后thesignalinginaplantisonly14similarto

thefiringinacomp1exanimalbrain,whichismorethan“amassofcelIsthatcommunicateby

electricity(植物中的信號傳導(dǎo)只是14類似于復(fù)雜動物大腦中的放電,而動物大腦不只是“通過電進行

交流的大量細胞”)語義,可知,空白處前后存在語義相反:前者的also(也)強調(diào)植物和動物(在信號溝通

方式上)的相似之處,后者的only…similar(僅僅相似的)弱化了該相似。A項However(然而)體現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)

折,屬于語義相反,符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。所以,本題答案為A項。

干擾項:B項Moreover(而且),C項Therefore(因此),D項Otherwise(否則),均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。

(14).[A14]

A.temporarily

B.literally

C.superficiallyJ

D.imaginarily

解析:

語境題。根據(jù)后半句whichismorethan“amassofcellsthatcommunicatebyelectricity(動物

大腦不只是“通過電進行交流的大量細胞”)可知,動物大腦更復(fù)雜,動物大腦和植物智力間更多的是相異,

所以,前半句的相似(similar)是并不充分的。C項superficially(表面上地)代入后符合原文語義。所以,

本題答案為C項。

干擾項:A項temporarily(臨時地),B項literally(真正地,確實地),D項imaginarily(虛構(gòu)地),均不

符合原文語義。

(15).[A15]

A.list

B.levelJ

C.label

D.load

解析:

語境題。根據(jù)本句Forconsciousnesstoevolve,abrainwithathreshold15ofcomplexityandcapacity

isrequired(意識想要進化,需要一個具有起始15的復(fù)雜性和容量的大腦)并結(jié)合threshold(起始的)語

義可知,本句對complexityandcapacity(復(fù)雜性和容量)的要求(required)是一種程度上的要求。B項

level(水平)代入后符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為B項。

干擾項:A項list(清單),C項label(標簽),D項load(負荷),均不符合原文語義。

(16).[A16]

A.recalled

B.agreed

C.questioned

D.addedJ

解析:

語境題。本句是引語,出自he,he指代上段末句Taiz,觀察發(fā)現(xiàn):上段末句也是出自Taiz的引語。比較

上段末句acomplexanimalbrain,whichismorethan“amassofcel1sthatcommunicateby

electricity(動物大腦不只是“通過電進行交流的大量細胞”)和本句Forconsciousnesstoevolve,a

brainwithathreshold15ofcomplexityandcapacityisrequired(為了使意識進化,需要一個具有

起始15的復(fù)雜性和容量的大腦)語義,可知,后者在對前者作進一步闡述。D項added(補充說,繼續(xù)說)

代入后最符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為D項。

干擾項:A項recalled(記起,回憶起),B項agreed(表示“同意,贊同“,用于與別人觀點相同時),C

項queslioned(懷疑),均不符合原文語義。

(17).[A17]

A.chancesV

B.risks

C.excuses

D.assumptions

解析:

邏輯關(guān)系題。Since(由于)提示因果關(guān)系:plantsdon'thavenervoussystems(植物沒有神經(jīng)系統(tǒng))為因,

the17thattheyhaveconsciousnessareeffectivelyzero(它們所擁有意識的17實際上為零)為果。

由因推果可知,缺乏神經(jīng)系統(tǒng),意識也不會存在。A項chances(機會,可能性)代入后符合原文語義和邏輯

關(guān)系。所以,本題答案為A項。

干擾項:B項risks(風(fēng)險),C項excuses(借口),D項assumptions(假定,假設(shè))均不符合原文語義和邏輯

關(guān)系。

(18).[A18]

A.dangerJ

B.failure

C.warning

D.control

解析:

邏輯關(guān)系題。so(所以)提示句內(nèi)因果關(guān)系:so前為因,so后為果。根據(jù)runawayfrom(回避)可知,空白

處語義為負面傾向。借助果,即so后的threat(威脅)可知,空白處語義與“威脅”語義相近。A項danger(危

險)代入后符合原文語義和邏輯關(guān)系。所以,本題答案為A項。

干擾項:B項failure(失?。?,C項warning(警告),D項control(控制)均不符合原文語義和邏輯關(guān)系。

(19).[A19]

A.represents

B.includes

C.revealsJ

D.recognizes

解析:

邏輯關(guān)系題。and提示順承關(guān)系,屬于語義一致:19athreat(19一種威脅)與canfeelpain(可感知

疼痛)二者結(jié)構(gòu)相似,語義相近。D項recognizes(識別)代入后符合原文語義和邏輯關(guān)系。所以,本題答案

為D項。

干擾項:A項represents(代表,意味著),B項includes(包括),C項reveals(揭示,顯示),均不符合原

文語義和邏輯關(guān)系。

(20).[A20]

A.humble

B.poorV

C.practical

D.easy

解析:

邏輯關(guān)系題。so提示因果關(guān)系:Plantscan'trunaway…(植物不能逃離)為因,investingenergy

inabodysystemwhich19athreatandcanfeelpainwouldbeavery20evolutionarystrategy(JE

能量投入到一個19威脅并能感知疼痛的身體系統(tǒng)將是一種非常20的進化策略)為果。由此推知,因為(即

使植物能感知到疼痛也)不能逃掉,所以把能量投入到一個能……威脅和感知疼痛的身體系統(tǒng)上,是一種非

常20的進化策略,即本句意在指出:既然不能跑,那么就無須進化到可以感受疼痛。所以,空白處的語

義應(yīng)為負面的,能體現(xiàn)出進化到能……威脅和感知疼痛是種不夠好的策略。B項poo「(不好的,次的,差的)

代入后符合原文語義。所以,本題答案為B項。

干擾項:A項humble(不大的,沒有特別之處的),C項practical(有用的,適用的)和I)項easy(容易的,

輕易的)均不符合原文語義。

二、SectionIIReadingComprehension(總題數(shù):6,分數(shù):0.00)

2.PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.

MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

Text1

Peopleoftencomplainthatplasticsaretoodurable.Waterbottles,shoppingbags,andothertrash

littertheplanet,fromMountEveresttotheMarianaTrench,becauseplasticsareeverywhereand

don,tbreakdowneasily.Butsomeplasticmaterialschangeovertime.Theycrackandfrizzle.

They"weep"outadditives.Theymeltintosludge.Al1ofwhichcreateshugeheadachesfor

institutions,suchasmuseums,tryingtopreserveculturallyimportantobjects.Thevarietyof

plasticobjectsatriskisdizzying:earlyradios,avant-gardesculptures,celluloidanimation

stillsfromDisneyfi1ms,thefirstartificialheart.

Certainartifactsareespeciallyvulnerablebecausesomepioneersinplasticartdicin'talways

knowhowtomixingredientsproperly,saysTheavanOosten,apolymerchemistwho,unti1retiring

afewyearsago,workedfordecadesattheCulturalHeritageAgencyoftheNetherlands."It's

likebakingacake:Ifyoudon'thaveexactamounts,itgoeswrong,“shesays."Theobject

youmakeisalreadyatimebomb.”

Andsometimes,it'snottheartist*sfault.Inthe1960s,theItalianartistPieroGilardibegan

tocreatehundredsofbright,colorfulfoampieces.Thosepiecesincludedsmallbedsofroses

andotheritemsaswellasafewdozennaturecarpetsv—largerectanglesdecoratedwithfoam

pumpkins,cabbages,andwatermelons.Hewantedviewerstowalkaroundonthecarpets-whichmeant

theyhadtobedurable.

Unfortunately,thepolyurethanefoamheusedisinherentlyunstable.It'sespeciallyvulnerable

tolightdamage,andbythemid-1990s,Gilardirspumpkins,roses,andotherfiguresweresplitting

andcrumbling.Museumslockedsomeofthemawayinthedark.

SovanOostenandhercolleaguesworkedtopreserveGilardi,ssculptures.Theyinfusedsomewith

stabi1izingandconsolidatingchemicals.VanOostencallsthosechemicals“sunscreens“because

theirgoalwastopreventfurtherlightdamageandrebuildwornpolymerfibers.Sheisproudthat

severalsculptureshaveevengoneondisplayagain,albeitsometimesbeneathprotectivecases.

DespitesuccessstorieslikevanOostenys,preservationofplasticswilllikelygetharder.Old

objectscontinuetodeteriorate.Worse,biodegradableplastics,designedtodisintegrate,are

increasinglycommon.

Andmoreisatstakeherethanindividualobjects.JoanaLiaFerreira,anassistantprofessor

ofconservationandrestorationattheNOVASchoolofScienceandTechnology,notesthat

archaeologistsfirstdefinedthegreatmaterialagesofhumanhistory—StoneAge,IronAge,and

soon-afterexaminingartifactsinmuseums.Wenowliveinanageofplastic,shesays,“and

whatwedecidetocollecttoday,whatwedecidetopreserve…wi11haveastrongimpactonhow

inthefuturewe'11beseen.”

(1).AccordingtoParagraph1,museumsarefacedwithdifficultiesin.

A.maintainingtheirplasticitemsV

B.obtainingdurableplasticartifacts

C.handlingoutdatedplasticexhibits

D.classifyingtheirplasticcollections

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Paragraph1和museumsarefacedwithdifficultiesin定位到

第一段⑦句:Al1ofwhichcreateshugeheadachesforinstitutions,suchasmuseums,tryingto

preserveculturallyimportantobjects.(所有這些給一些機構(gòu)帶來了巨大的麻煩,比如試圖保護具有重

要文化意義的物品的博物館)。其中allofwhich指代上文③至⑥句所提到的塑料材料的種種問題:Buisome

plasticmaterialschangeovertime…meltintosludge.(一些塑料材料隨著時間的推移而改變...

融化成污泥),可見,博物館在維護其塑料藏品方面有困難。A項maintainingtheirplasticitems(維護

他們的塑料藏品)是對③至⑦句的概括總結(jié),maintain對應(yīng)preserve。所以本題選A。

(2).VanOostenbelievesthatcertainplasticobjectsare.

A.immunetodecay

B.improperlyshaped

C.inherentlyflawedJ

D.complexinstructure

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞VanOostenbelievesthatcertainplasticobjectsare定位到

第二段①句(其中certainplasticobjects對應(yīng)Certainartifacts):Certainartifactsareespecially

vulnerablebecausesomepioneersinplasticartdidn,talwaysknowhowtomixingredientsproperly,

saysTheavanOosten(TheavanOosten說,某些手工藝品特別脆弱,因為一些塑料藝術(shù)的先驅(qū)并不總是

知道如何正確地混合原料)??梢姡承┧芰纤囆g(shù)品在制作過程中就存在原料未能正確混合的問題,導(dǎo)致塑

料藝術(shù)品本身就存在缺陷。C項inherentlyflawed(本身存在缺陷)是對①句的概括總結(jié)。所以本題選C。

(3).MuseumsstoppedexhibitingsomeofGilardi,sartworksto.

A.keepthemfromhurtingvisitors

B.duplicatethemforfuturedisplay

C.havetheiringredientsanalyzed

D.preventthemfromfurtherdamageJ

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞MuseumsstoppedexhibitingsomeofGilardi,sartworksto

定位到第四段②③句。②句指出It'sespeciallyvulnerabletolightdamage,andbythemid-1990s,

Gilardi*spumpkins,roses,andotherfiguresweresplittingandcrumbling(它極易受至lj光的損害,

到了20世紀90年代中期,Gilardi的南瓜、玫瑰和其他圖形都在分裂和破碎),③句繼而指出Museumslocked

someofthemawayinthedark(博物館把其中一些鎖在黑暗中)??梢姡┪镳^將之封存在黑暗中是為了

避免其遭受更多的光損害。D項preventthemfromfurtherdamage(避免它們受到進一步的損害)是對②③

句的合理推斷。所以本題選D。

(4).Theauthorthinksthatpreservationofplasticsis.

A.costly

B.unworthy

C.unpopular

D.challengingJ

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞preservationofplastics定位到第六段①句:Despitesuccess

stories1ikevan0osten,s,preservationofplasticswi111ikelygetharder(盡管有vanOosten

這樣的成功案例,但塑料的保存可能會變得更加困難)。D項challenging(挑戰(zhàn)性的)是對getharder的同

義替換。所以本題選D。

(5).InFerreira'sopinion,preservationofplasticartifacts.

A.wi11inspirefuturescientificresearch

B.hasprofoundhistoricalsignificanceJ

C.willhelpusseparatethematerialages

D.hasanimpactontoday'sculturallife

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Ferreira和preservationofplasticartifacts定位到第七段

②③句。②句指出archaeologistsfirstdefinedthegreatmaterialagesofhumanhistory一Stone

Age,IronAge,andsoon—afterexaminingartifactsinmuseums(考古學(xué)家在檢查了博物館中的文物

后,首先確定了人類歷史上偉大的物質(zhì)時代一一石器時代、鐵器時代等等),③句承接②句指出肥nowlive

inanageofplastic…"andwhatwedecidetocollecttoday,whatwedecidetopreserve…will

haveastrongimpactonhowinthefuturewe'11beseen."(我們現(xiàn)在生活在塑料時代..."我們

決定收集什么,我們決定保存什么……將對我們未來的形象產(chǎn)生重大影響??梢姡覀儗λ芰瞎に嚻?/p>

的保存對于未來定義我們的時代意義重大。B項hasprofoundhistoricalsignificance(具有深遠的歷史

意義)是對②③句的概括總結(jié)。所以本題選B。

3.PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.

MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

Text2

Asthelatestcropofstudentspentheirundergraduateapplicationformandweighuptheiroptions,

itmaybeworthconsideringjusthowthepoint,purposeandvalueofadegreehaschangedand

whatGenerationZneedtoconsiderastheystartthethirdstageoftheireducationaljourney.

Mi1lennialsweretoldthatifyoudidwel1inschool,gotadecentdegree,youwou1dbesetup

forlife.Butthatpromisehasbeenfoundwanting.Asdegreesbecameuniversal,theybecame

devalued.Educationwasnolongerasecurerouteofsocialmobility.Today,28percentofgraduates

intheUKareinnon-graduateroles,apercentagewhichisdoubletheaverageamongOECDcountries.

Thisisnottosaythatthereisnopointingettingadegree,butratherstressthatadegree

isnotforeveryone,thattheswitchfromclassroomtolecturehallisnotaninevitableoneand

thatotheroptionsareavailable.

Thankfully,therearesignsthatthisisalreadyhappening,withGenerationZseekingtolearn

fromtheirmillennialpredecessors,evenifparentsandteacherstendtobestillsetinthedegree

mindset.Employershavelongseentheadvantagesofhiringschoolleaverswhooftenprove

themselvestobemorecommittedandloyalemployeesthangraduates.Manytooareseeingthe

advantagesofscrappingadegreerequirementforcertainroles.

Forthoseforwhomadegreeisthedesiredroute,considerthatthismaywellbethefirstof

many.Inthisageofgeneralists,itpaystohavespecificknowledgeorskills.Postgraduates

nowearn40percentmorethangraduates.Whenmoreandmoreofushaveadegree,itmakessense

tohavetwo.

ItisunlikelythatGenerationZwillbedonewitheducationat18or21;theywillneedtobe

constantlyup-ski11ingthroughouttheircareertostayemployable.11hasbeenestimatedthat

thisgeneration,duetothepressuresoftechnology,thewishforpersonalfulfilmentanddesire

fordiversity,wi11workfor17differentemployersoverthecourseoftheirworking1ifeand

havefivedifferentcareers.Education,andnotjustknowledgegainedoncampus,willbeacore

partofGenerationVscareertrajectory.

Oldergenerationsoftentalkabouttheirdegreeinthepresentandpersonaltense:"1ama

geographer,or'Iamaclassist,.Theirsonsordaughterswou1dneversaysuchathing;it's

asiftheyalreadyknowthattheirdegreewon*tdefinetheminthesameway.

(1).TheauthorsuggeststhatGenerationZshould.

A.becarefulinchoosingacollege

B.bediligentateacheducationalstage

C.reassessthenecessityofcollegeeducationJ

D.postponetheirundergraduateapplication

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題「?關(guān)鍵詞GenerationZ和should定位到第一段①句(其中should對應(yīng)need

to):Asthelatestcropofstudentspentheirundergraduateapplicationformandweighuptheir

options,itmaybeworthconsideringjusthowthepoint,purposeandvalueofadegreehaschanged

andwhatGenerationZneedtoconsiderastheystartthethirdstageoftheireducationaljourneyO

最新一批學(xué)生填寫本科申請表并權(quán)衡他們的選擇時,或許值得思考的是學(xué)位的意義、口的和價值發(fā)生了怎

樣的變化,以及Z世代在開啟他們教育旅程的第三階段時需要考慮什么)。C項reassessthenecessityof

collegeeducation(重新審視大學(xué)教育的必要性)是對①句內(nèi)容的適度推斷,其中collegeeducation(大

學(xué)教育)對應(yīng)degree(大學(xué)學(xué)位)。所以本題選C。

(2).ThepercentageofUKgraduatesinnon-graduaterolesreflect.

A.Mi1lennialJsopinionsaboutwork

B.theshrinkingvalueofadegreeV

C.publicdiscontentwitheducation

D.thedesiredrouteofsocialmobility

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞ThepercentageofUKgraduates和non-gradualeroles定位到

第二段⑤句:Today,28percentofgraduatesintheUKareinnon-graduateroles,apercentage

whichisdoubletheaverageamongOECDcountries(如今,英國有28%的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生從事非大學(xué)畢業(yè)生

的工作,這一比例是經(jīng)合組織國家平均水平的兩倍)。本句無法解題,根據(jù)定位句中的數(shù)字“28percent”

可知,該句為論據(jù),且該句位于段尾,所以需要往上文尋找論點解題。再找到前文的論點:Asdegreesbecame

universal,theybecamedevalued(隨著大學(xué)學(xué)位變得普遍,它們也貶值了)。Btheshrinkingvalueof

adegree(大學(xué)學(xué)位的貶值)是對③句的同義替換,其中shrinkingvalue對應(yīng)devalued,degree為原詞復(fù)

現(xiàn)。所以本題選及

(3).Theauthorconsidersitagoodsignthat.

A.GenerationZareseekingtoearnadecentdegree

B.schoolleaversarewillingtobeskilledworkers

C.employersaretakingarealisticattitudetodegreesJ

D.parentsarechangingtheirmindsabouteducation

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞agoodsign定位到第四段①句(其中g(shù)ood對應(yīng)原文的Thankfully):

Thankfully,therearesignsthatthisisalreadyhappening(值得慶幸的是,有跡象表明這種情況已

經(jīng)發(fā)生了)。該句無法解題,需繼續(xù)看下文。結(jié)合②句Employershavelongseentheadvantagesofhiring

schoolleaverswhooftenprovethemselvestobemorecommittedandloyalemployeesthan

graduates(雇主早就看到了雇用中學(xué)畢業(yè)生的好處,因為中學(xué)畢業(yè)生經(jīng)常證明他們是比大學(xué)畢業(yè)生更盡職、

更忠誠的員工)和③句Manytooareseeingtheadvantagesofscrappingadegreerequirementfor

certainroles(許多雇主也逐漸意識到取消某些崗位對學(xué)位的要求所帶來的好處)可知,雇主對待大學(xué)學(xué)位

的態(tài)度發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變,C項employersaretakingarealisticattitudetodegrees(雇主對大學(xué)學(xué)位采取現(xiàn)

實的態(tài)度)是對②句和③句內(nèi)容的概括總結(jié)。所以本題選C。

(4).ItisadvisedinParagraph5thatthosewithonedegreeshould.

A.makeanearlydecisionontheircareer

B.attendonthejobtrainingprograms

C.teamupwithhigh-paidpostgraduates

D.furthertheirstudiesinaspecificfieldJ

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題下關(guān)鍵詞Paragraph5和thosewithonedegree定位到第五段④句:Whenmore

andmoreofushaveadegree,itmakessensetohavetwo(當我們中越來越多的人擁有學(xué)位時,擁有

兩個學(xué)位是明智的),結(jié)合②句itpaystohavespecificknowledgeorskills(擁有特定的知識或技能

是值得的)可知,作者建議有一個學(xué)位的人在特定領(lǐng)域繼續(xù)進修深造。D項furthertheirstudiesina

specificfield(在特定領(lǐng)域繼續(xù)進修深造)是對②句和④句的概括總結(jié)。所以本題選D。

(5).WhatcanbeconcludedaboutGenerationZfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Lifelonglearningwilldefinethem.V

B.Theywi11makequalifiededucators.

C.Degreeswillnolongerappealthem.

I).Theywi11havea1imitedchoiceofjobs.

解析:本題為細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞GenerationZ和thelasttwoparagraph定位到第六段①句:they

willneedtobeconstantlyup-skillingthroughouttheircareertostayemployable(他們需要在

整個職業(yè)生涯中不斷提升技能,以保持就業(yè)能力),結(jié)合③句Education,andnotjustknowledgegained

oncampus,willbeacorepartofGenerationZ'scareertrajectory(教育以及不僅僅是在校園里

獲得的知識,將成為Z世代職業(yè)軌跡的核心部分)可知,Z世代將終身學(xué)習(xí)。A項Lifelonglearningwill

definethem(終身學(xué)習(xí)將是他們的特征)是對①句和③句的概括總結(jié)。所以本題選A。

4.PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.

MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

Text3

Eniightening,chailenging,stimulating,fun.TheseweresomeofthewordsthatNaturereaders

usedtodescribetheirexperienceofart-sciencecollaborationsinaseriesofarticleson

partnershipsbetweenartistsandresearchers.Nearly40%oftherough1y350peoplewhoresponded

toanaccompanyingpollsaidtheyhadcollaboratedwithartists;andalmostallsaidtheywould

considerdoingsoinfuture.

Suchanencouragingresultisnotsurprising.Scientistsareincreasinglyseekingoutvisual

artiststohelpthemcommunicatetheirworktonewaudiences."Artistshelpscientistsreach

abroaderaudienceandmakeemotionalconnectionsthatenhancelearning.wOnerespondentsaid.

Oneexampleofhowartistsandscientistshavetogetherrockedthesensescamelastmonthwhen

theSydneySymphonyOrchestraperformedareworkedversionofAntonioVivaldi'sTheFourSeasons.

Theyreimaginedthe300-year-oldscorebyinjectingthelatestclimatepredictiondataforeach

season-providedbyMonashUniversity"sClimateChangeCommunicationResearchHub.The

performancewasacreativecalltoactionaheadofNovember,sUnitedNationsClimateChange

ConferenceinGlasgow,UK.

Butagenuinepartnershipmustbeatwo-waystreet.Fewerartiststhanscientistsrespondedto

theNaturepoll;however,severalrespondentsnotedthatartistsdonotsimplyassistscientists

withtheircommunicationrequirements.Norshouldtheirworkbeconsideredonlyasanobjectof

study.Thealliancesaremostvaluablewhenscientistsandartistshaveasharedstakeinaproject,

areabletojointlydesignitandcancritiqueeachother,swork.Suchanapproachcanbothprompt

newresearchaswellasresultinpowerfulart.

Morethanhalfacenturyago,theMassachusettsInstitu

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