2014年6月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題及答案

經(jīng)典word整理文檔，僅參考，雙擊此處可刪除頁眉頁腳。本資料屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)，請聯(lián)系刪除，謝謝！年6minutes）Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthefollowingquestion.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.Supposeaforeignfriendofyoursiscomingtovisityourcampus,whatisthemostinterestingplaceyouwouldliketotakehim/hertoseeandwhy?ListeningComprehensionminutes）Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,andD）,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Theycameinfivedifferentcolors.Theywereaverygooddesign.D）Theyweresoldoutveryquickly.Thepaintingisnowbeingreframed.Oneboxofbooksisfoundmissing.ordered.Someoftheboxesarrivedtoolate.D）Someofthebooksaredamaged.Questions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.10.Toteachhimhowtousethekitchenware.Todiscusscookingexperienceswithhim.Totellhimhowtopreparedeliciousdishes.Torecommendsuitablekitchenwaretohim.11.Therearesomanydifferentsortsofknives.Cookingdevicesaresuchpracticalpresents.Saucepansandfryingpansareamustinthekitchen.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.Somenewproblemsinhermotioninthebank.C）HerchanceforCooperationwithaninternationalbank.Herintentiontoleaveherpresentjob.Makingloanstoprivatecompaniesindevelopingcountries.OfferingservicetointernationalcompaniesintheUnitedStates.15.Itisafirstmajorsteptorealizingthedream.Itisanhonorforthewomanandherpresentemployer.Itisalossforhercurrentcompany.Itisreallybeyondhisexpectation.Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.Carryoutathoroughcheckup.Keepextragasinreserve.Trytokeepthegastankfull.Fillupthewatertank.17.Attemptingtoleaveyourcartoseekhelp.Openingawindowabittoletinfreshair.Runningtheengineeverynowandthen.Keepingtheheateronforalongtime.C）ItcausesyoutolosebodyItmakesyoufallasleepeasily.Itconsumestoomuchoxygen.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.Theyareverygenerousingivinggifts.Theyrefusegiftswhendoingbusiness.Theypayattentiontothequalityofgifts.21.Gift-givingplaysanimportantroleinhumanrelationships.Wemustbeawareofculturaldifferencesingivinggifts.Wemustlearnhowtogivegiftsbeforegoingabroad.Readingextensivelymakesoneabettergift-giver.PassageThreeQuestions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Entertainherguests.Goshoppingdowntown.25.ShemightberecalledtoFrance.Mondaycolumn.Shemightchangeherprofession.Shemightbeassignedtoanewpost.Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.AccordingtoAmericanlaw,ifsomeoneisaccusedofacrime,heisconsidered（26）__________untilthecourtprovesthepersonisguilty.Toarrestaperson,thepolicehavetobereasonablysurethatacrimehasbeen（27）__________.Thepolicemustgivethesuspectthereasonswhytheyarearrestinghimandtellhimhisrightsunderthelaw.Thenthepolicetakethesuspecttothepolicestation,wherethenameofthepersonandthe（28）__________againsthimareformallylisted.Thenextstepisforthesuspecttogobeforeajudge.Thejudgedecideswhetherthesuspectshouldbekeptinjail__________.Ifthesuspecthasnopreviouscriminalrecordandthejudgefeelsthathewillreturntocourt（30）__________runaway,hecangofree.Otherwise,thesuspectmustputupbail（保釋金）.Atthistime,too,thejudgewill（31）__________acourtlawyertodefendthesuspectifheaffordone.Thesuspectreturnstocourtaweekortwolater.Alawyerfromthedistrictattorney’sofficepresentsacaseagainstthesuspect.Theattorneymaypresent（32）__________aswellaswitnesses.Thejudgethendecideswhetherthereisenoughreasonto（33）__________.TheAmericanjusticesystemisverycomplexandsometimesoperatesslowly.However,everystepis（34）__________toprotecttherightsofthepeople.Theseindividualrightsarethe（35）__________oftheAmericangovernment.ReadingComprehensionminutes）Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Globalwarmingisatrendtowardwarmerconditionsaroundtheworld.Partofthewarmingisnatural;wehaveexperienceda20,000-year-longwarmingasthelasticeageendedandtheice___36___away.However,wehavealreadyreachedtemperaturesthatarein___37___withotherminimum-iceperiods,socontinuedwarmingislikelynotnatural.Weare___38___toapredictedworldwideincreaseintemperatures___39___between1℃and6℃overthenext100years.Thewarmingwillbemore___40___insomeareas,lessinothers,andsomeplacesmayevencooloff.Likewise,the___41___ofthiswarmingwillbeverydifferentdependingonwhereyoucoastalareasmustworryaboutrisingsealevels,whileSiberiaandnorthernCanadamaybecomemorehabitable（宜居的）and___42___forhumansthantheseareasarenow.Thefactremains,however,thatitwilllikelygetwarmer,on___43___,everywhere.Scientistsareingeneralagreementthatthewarmerconditionswehavebeenexperiencingareatleastinparttheresultofahuman-inducedglobalwarmingtrend.Somescientists___44___thatthechangesweareseeingfallwithintherangeofrandom（無規(guī)律的）variation—someyearsarecold,otherswarm,andwehavejusthadanunremarkablestringofwarmyears___45___—butthatisbecominganincreasinglyrareinterpretationinthefaceofcontinuedandincreasingwarmconditions.Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheEndoftheBook?Amazon,byfarthelargestbooksellerinthecountry,reportedonMay19thatitisnowsellingmorebooksinitselectronicKindleformatthanintheoldpaper-and-inkformat.Thatisremarkable,consideringthattheKindlehasonlybeenaroundforfouryears.E-booksnowaccountfor14percentofallbooksalesinthiscountryandareincreasingfarfasterthanoverallbooksales.E-booksalesareup146percentoverlastyear,whilehardbacksalesincreased6percentandpaperbacksdecreased8percent.Doesthisspellthedoomofthephysicalbook?Certainlynotimmediately,andperhapsnotatall.WhatitdoesmeanisthatthebookbusinesswillgothroughatransformationinthenextdecadeorsomoreprofoundthananyithasseensinceGutenbergintroducedprintingfrommoveabletypeinthe1450s.Physicalbookswillsurelybecomemuchrarerinthemarketplace.Massmarketpaperbacks,whichhavebeendecliningforyearsanyway,willprobablydisappear,aswillhardbacksformysteries,thrillers,“romanceetc.Suchbooks,whichonlyrarelyendupinpermanentcollections,eitherprivateorpublic,willprobablyonlybeavailablease-bookswithinafewyears.Hardbackandtradepaperbacksfor“serious”nonfictionandfictionwillsurelylastlonger.Perhapsitwillbecomethemarkofanauthortoreckonwiththatheorsheisstillpublishedinhardcopy.Asforbooks,whoknows?booksarelikedogfoodinthatthepurchasersarenottheconsumers,sothethemarketing）isinherentlystrange.Forcluestothebook’sfuture,let’slookatsomeexamplesoftechnologicalchangeandseewhathappenedtotheoldtechnology.Onetechnologyreplacesanotheronlybecausethenewtechnologyisbetter,cheaper,orboth.Thegreaterthedifference,thesoonerandmorethoroughlythenewtechnologyreplacestheold.Printingwithmoveabletypeonpaperdramaticallyreducedthecostofproducingabookcomparedwiththeold-fashionedoneshandwrittenonvellum,whichcomesfromsheepskin.ABible—tobesure,alongbook—requiredvellummadefrom300sheepskinsandcountlessman-hoursoflabor.Beforeprintingarrived,aBiblecostmorethanamiddle-classhouse.Therewereperhaps50,000booksinallofEuropein1450.By1500therewere10million.Butwhileprintingquicklycausedthehandwrittenbooktodieout,handwritinglingeredon（繼續(xù)存在）wellintothe16thcentury.Veryspecialbooksarestilloccasionallyproducedonvellum,buttheyareone-of-a-kindshowpieces.Sometimesanewtechnologydrivetheoldoneout,butonlypartsofitwhileforcingtheresttoevolve.Themovieswerewidelypredictedtodrivelivetheateroutofthemarketplace,buttheydidn’t,becausetheaterturnedouttohavequalitiesmoviescouldnotreproduce.Equally,TVwassupposedtoreplacemoviesbut,again,didnot.Moviesdid,however,fatallyimpactsomepartsoflivetheater.AndwhileTVkillmovies,itdidkillsecond-ratepictures,shorts,andcartoons.NordidTVkillradio.Comedyanddramaandallmigratedtotelevision.Butbecauseyoucan’tdriveacarandwatchtelevisionatthesametime,rushhourbecameradio’sprimetime,whilemusic,talk,andnewsradiogreatlyenlargedtheiraudiences.Radioistodayaverydifferentbusinessthaninthelate1940sandamuchlargerone.Sometimesoldtechnologylingersforcenturiesbecauseofitssymbolicpower.Mountedcavalry（騎兵）replacedthechariot（二輪戰(zhàn)車）onthebattlefieldaround1000BC.ButchariotsmaintainedtheirplaceinparadesandtriumphsrightupuntiltheendoftheRomanEmpire1,500yearslater.Theswordhadamilitaryfunctionforahundredyears,butisstillpartofanfull-dressuniform,preciselybecauseaswordalwayssymbolized“anofficerandaSometimesnewtechnologyisalittlecranky（不穩(wěn)定的）atfirst.Televisionrepairmanwasacommonoccupationinthe1950s,forinstance.Andsotheoldtechnologyremainsasabackup.SteamshipscapturedtheNorthAtlanticpassengerbusinessfromsailinthe1840sbecauseofitsmuchgreaterspeed.Butsteamshipsdidn’tlosetheirsailsuntilthe1880s,becauseearlymarineengineshadanastyhabitofbreakingdown.Untilshipsbecamelargeenough（andenginessmalltomounttwoenginessidebyside,theyneededtokeepsails.（Thehighcostofsteamandthelesserneedforspeedkeptthemajorityoftheworld’soceanfreightmovingbysailuntiltheearlyyearsofthe20thThenthereisthefireplace.Centralheatingwaspresentineveryupper-andmiddle-classhomebythesecondhalfofthe19thcentury.Butfunctioningfireplacesremaintothisdayapowerfulsellingpointinahouseorapartment.Isuspectthereasonisadeep-rootedloveoffire.Firewasoneoftheearliestmajortechnologicaladvancesforhumankind,providingheat,protection,andcookedfood（whichismucheasiertoeatanddigest）.Humancontroloffiregoesbackfarenough（overamillionyears）thatevolutioncouldhaveproducedageneticleaningtowardsfireasacentralaspectofhumanlife.Books—especiallybookstheaveragepersoncouldafford—haven’tbeenaroundlongenoughtoproduceevolutionarychangeinhumans.Buttheyhaveapowerfulholdonmanypeoplenonetheless,aholdextendingfarbeyondtheirliterarycontent.Attheirbest,theyareworksofartandthereisatactile（觸覺的）pleasureinbooksnecessarilylostine-bookversions.Theabilitytoquicklythumbthroughpagesisalsolost.Andaroomwithbooksinitinduces,atleastinsome,afeelingnotdissimilartothatofafireinthefireplaceonacoldnight.ForthesereasonsIthinkphysicalbookswillhavealongerexistenceasacommercialproductthansomecurrentlypredict.Likeswords,bookshavesymbolicpower.Likefireplaces,theyinduceasenseofcomfortandwarmth.And,perhaps,similartosails,theymakeausefulbackupforwhenthelightsgoout.46.Authorsstillpublishedinprintedversionswillbeconsideredimportantones.47.Somepeoplearestillinfavorofprintedbooksbecauseofthesenseoftouchtheycanprovide.48.Theradiobusinesshaschangedgreatlyandnowattractsmorelisteners.49.Contrarytomanypredictionofitsdeath,thefilmindustrysurvived.51.Oldtechnologysometimescontinuestoexistbecauseofitsreliability.52.Theincreaseofe-booksaleswillforcethebookbusinesstomakechangesnotseenforcenturies.53.Anewtechnologyisunlikelytotaketheplaceofanoldonewithoutaclearadvantage.54.Paperbacksofpopularliteraturearemorelikelytobereplacedbye-books.Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedandYoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thequestionofwhetherourgovernmentshouldpromotescienceandtechnologyortheliberalartsinhighereducationtaneither/or題）,althoughthecurrentemphasisonpreparingyoungAmericansforSTEM（science,technology,engineering,maths）-relatedfieldscanmakeitseemthatway.Thelatestcongressionalreportacknowledgesthecriticalimportanceoftechnicaltraining,butalsoassertsthatthestudyofthe文學(xué)科）andsocialsciencesmustremaincentralcomponentsofeducationalsystematalllevels.Bothareasarecriticaltoproducingcitizenswhocanparticipateeffectivelyinourdemocraticsociety,becomeinnovative（創(chuàng)新的）leaders,andbenefitfromthespiritualenrichmentthatthereflectiononthegreatideasofmankindovertimeprovides.Parentsandstudentswhohaveinvestedheavilyinhighereducationworryaboutgraduates’jobprospectsastechnologicaladvancesandchangesindomesticandglobalmarketstransformprofessionsinwaysthatreducewagesandcutjobs.Underthesecircumstances,naturaltolookforwhatmayappeartobethemost“practical”wayoutoftheproblem:“Majorinasubjectdesignedtogetyouaseemstheobviousanswertosome,thoughthisignoresthefactthatmanydisciplinesinthehumanitiescharacterizedas“soft”often,infact,leadtoemploymentandsuccessinthelongrun.Indeed,accordingtosurveys,employershaveexpressedapreferenceforstudentswhohavereceivedabroadly-basededucationthathastaughtthemtowritewell,thinkcritically,researchcreativelyandcommunicateeasily.Moreover,studentsshouldbepreparednotjustfortheirfirstjob,butfortheir4thand5thjobs,asthere’slittlereasontodoubtthatpeopleenteringtheworkforcetodaywillbecalledupontoplaymanydifferentrolesoverthecourseoftheircareers.Theoneswhowilldothebestinthisnewenvironmentwillbethosewhoseeducationshavepreparedthemtobeflexible.Theabilitytodrawuponeveryavailabletoolandupfromscience,artsandsolvetheproblemsofthefuture,andtakeadvantageoftheopportunitiesthatpresentthemselves,willbehelpfultothemandtheUnitedStates.A）STEM-relatedsubjectshelpstudentsfindjobsintheinformationsociety.ThehumanitiesandSTEMsubjectsshouldbegivenequalimportance.Theliberalartsinhighereducationhelpenrichstudents’spiritualHighereducationshouldbeadjustedtothepracticalneedsofsociety.57.Whatisthemainconcernofstudentswhentheychooseamajor?Theirinterestinrelevantsubjects.Thequalityofeducationtoreceive.Theacademicvalueofthecourses.agoodjob.Theirchancesofgetting58.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttheso-calledsoftsubjects?Theybenefitstudentsintheirfuturelife.Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Energyindependence.Ithasaniceringtoit,it?Ifyouthinkso,you’renotalone,becauseenergyindependencehasbeenthedreamofAmericanpresidentsfordecades,andnevermoresothaninthepastfewyears,whenthemostrecentoilpriceshockhasbeenpartlyresponsibleforkickingoffthegreatrecession.“Energyindependence”anditsrhetorical（修辭的）companion“energysecurity”are,however,slipperyconceptsthatarerarelythoughtthrough.Whatisitwewantindependencefrom,exactly?Mostpeoplewouldprobablysaythattheywanttobeindependentfromimportedoil.Buttherearereasonsthatwebuyallthatoilfromelsewhere.Thefirstreasonisthatweneedittokeepoureconomyrunning.Yes,thereisatrickle（涓涓細(xì)流）ofavailable,andmoremaybecomeavailable,butmostbiofuelscauseeconomicwasteandenvironmentaldestruction.Second,Americanshavebasicallydecidedthattheydon’treallywanttoproducealltheirownoil.Theyvaluetheenvironmentalqualitytheypreserveovertheiroilimportsfromabroad.Vas