unit4Whydontyoutalktoyourparents-八年級英語下冊知識歸納與測試（人教版）

unit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?知識歸納與測試【重點(diǎn)單詞】?allowv.允許wrongadj.有毛病的；錯誤的guessv.猜測relationn.關(guān)系communicationn.交流arguev.爭吵elderadj.年級較大的insteadadv.代替whateverpron.任何nervousadj.緊張的offerv.提供properadj.恰當(dāng)?shù)?正確的secondlyadv.第二communicatev.交流explainv.解釋copyv.抄襲；復(fù)制returnv.歸還pressuren.壓力competev.競爭opinionn.意見skilln.技藝typicaladj.典型的quickadj.快的continuev.持續(xù)comparev.比較crazyadj.瘋狂的pushv.鞭策developmentn.發(fā)展causev.造成【重點(diǎn)短語】?getintoafightwithsb.和某人打架onthephone用電話交流；在通話myelderbrother我的哥哥lookthrough瀏覽bigdeal重要的事workout成功地發(fā)展；解決getonwith和睦相處comparewith比較inone’.....nion依.....看alotofpressure許多壓力cutout刪除；刪去turndowntheTV把電視音量調(diào)低知識點(diǎn)What’sb./sth.（withsb./sth.）?怎么了是口語中常見的一個句型，相當(dāng)于“What’sb./sth.tter（withsb./sth.）?”用于詢問某人身體有什么問題或有什么不順心的事。wrong形容詞，意為“有毛病的；錯誤的”。常用句型：Thereis/wassomethingwrongwithsth.意為“某物出毛病或有故障等”。There’ssomethingwrongwithmybike.Youransweriswrong.Myparentsdon’tallowmetohangoutwithmyfriends.allow動詞，意為“允許”，常用短語：allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事Thedoctorallowedhimtotakeawalkeveryday.Theirparentsdon’tallowthemtoswimintheriver.【拓展】allowdoingsth.允許做某事Wedon’tallowsmokinginourhouse.【例題】Onschoolnights，myparentsdon'tallowme________out.A.go B.goingC.togo D.wentI’mreallytiredbecauseIstudieduntilmidnightlastnight.till/until都可以作連詞，連接時間狀語從句。也可以作介詞，與其它詞構(gòu)成介詞短語，在句中作狀語。①在帶有till或until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句里。如果主句用肯定式，其含義是“一直到……時”,一般情況下，till與until可以互換。但是until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句可致于句首，till引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句不能至于句首。如：Theyoungmanreadtill/untilthelightwentout.這個年輕人一直在看書，直到燈熄滅。②not...until...其含義是“直到……才……”。如：Wewon’tstartuntilBobcomes.直到Bob來了，我們才開始?！纠}】1.—Excuseme,canyoutellmethewaytothenearestundergroundstation?—Walkstraightonbuilding.Ithitebuilding.It'srightthere.?A.though B.since C.until2.Foryoursafety,youmustn’tgetclosetothetrain________itstops.A.while B.when C.since D.untilWell,Ifoundmysisterlookingthroughmythingsyesterday.（1）findsb.doingsth.表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事”，表示動作正在進(jìn)行。Sheturnedaroundandfoundamanstaringather.她轉(zhuǎn)過身，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個男人在盯著她看?！就卣埂?“find+it+adj./n.+todosth.”it作形式賓語，后面的不定式短語為真正的賓語。與find用法相同的詞還有make,think,consider等。Ifinditveryusefultodogrammarexercises.我發(fā)現(xiàn)做語法練習(xí)非常有用。Wefeelitourdutytomakeourcountryabetterplace.【例題】1.Hefounditverydifficult________（solve）theproblem.2.Thefactthatshewasaforeignmade_____difficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.3.WhenIcamein,IfoundJack______（play）myiPhone.（2）lookthrough意為“快速查看、瀏覽”?！就卣埂縧ook的相關(guān)短語lookforwardto盼望；向往lookinto調(diào)查 lookout當(dāng)心lookfor尋找lookup查閱【例題】Weneedtoformahabitof????thewholetestpaperfirstassoonaswegetit.A.lookingforB.lookingoverC.lookingupD.lookingthroughWhentheyargue,it’slikeabig,blackcloudhangingoverourhome.當(dāng)他們爭吵時，就像大片烏云籠罩在我們家上空。argue動詞，意為“爭吵；爭論”，名詞形式為argument，意為“爭論”。固定短語：arguewithsb.與某人爭論；argueaboutsth.就某事爭論，arguewithsb.aboutsth.為某事與某人爭論。Theyboyarguedwithhismotherabouthishomework.【例題】EricandFrankstopped(argue)whentheysawtheteachercomingintotheclassroom.Also,myelderbrotherisnotverynicetome.elder用作形容詞，意為“年紀(jì)較長的”，反義詞是youngereg.Hiselderbrotherisill.拓展】elder和older的區(qū)別elder用來表示兄弟姐妹以及子女之間的長幼關(guān)系，常用作定語；older泛指新舊、老幼或者年齡大小的關(guān)系，可以用作表語或者定語。Insteadhewatcheswhateverhewantsuntillateatnight.相反，他可以看他想看的任何節(jié)目一直看到晚上很晚。（1）instead副詞，意為“代替；反而”，常位于句末，也可位于句首。常用詞組為insteadof,意為“代替；而不是”?！颈嫖觥縤nsteadof為介詞短語,它后面可跟名詞、代詞、動名詞、介詞短語或形容詞等。instead作副詞,是“代替;頂替”的意思。常位于句末，也可位于句首。如:Wewillskateinsteadofplayingfootball.Jackwasill,soIwentinstead.Heneverworks.Instead,heplaysalldayandallnight.【例題】1.Wedon’tgoshopping.WewatchTVathomeinstead.(改為同義句)WewatchTVathome____________________________________shopping.2.—Theyoungarealwaysbusycheckingtheirmobilephoneswhilegettingtogether.is.Theyis.Theyshouldputdownphonesandhavemoretalks，________.A.stillB．tooC．eitherD．instead（2）whatever表示“無論什么、不管什么”，可與nomatterwhat轉(zhuǎn)換Whateverdifficultieshemaymeet,hewillovercomethem.【拓展】whoever無論誰whenever無論何時Ifyourparentsarehavingproblems,youshouldoffertohelp.如果你的父母遇到問題，你應(yīng)該主動提供幫助。offer動詞，意為“主動提出；自愿給與”，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)：offertodosth.意為“主動做某事”。Heoftenofferstohelphisclassmates.sb.sth./offersb.sth./offersth.tosb.意為“主動給某人提供某物”。Wecanofferyouagoodjob.辨析：offer,provideoffer主動提出；提供offersb.sth.或offersth.tovide提供providesb.withsth.或providesthforsb.Sheofferedmeajob.=Sheofferedajobtome.Theschoolprovidedfoodforthechildren.=Theschoolprovidedthestudentswithfood.【例題】1.Thelittleboy_____hisseattoanoldladyonthecrowdedbus.Whatakindboy!A.lent B.offered C.provide D.brought2.MyauntofferedmeadictionaryandI________ithappily.A.accepted B.invited C.mixed D.grewSecondly,whydon’tyousitdownandcommunicatewithyourbrother?其次，你為什么不坐下來和你的哥哥溝通呢？（1）secondly副詞，意為“第二；其次”。常與firstly,secondly,thirdly，lastly連用，表示列舉事實(shí)或理由等。Asstudents,firstly,weshouldobeytheschoolrules;secondly,weshouldlistencarefully;;lastly,weshouldfinishourhomeworkontime.【例題】Iwillnottakethisbag.Firstly，itisexpensive.And(second)，it'snotofgoodquality.（2）communicatewithsb.和某人交流，communicate動詞，意為“交流；溝通”。名詞形式為communication。Ioftencommunicatewithhimonthephone.【例題】1.Canyougiveussomeadviceaboutkids’______(communicate)?2.It’simportant_____(communicate)withyourparents.Youshouldhaveproper____________(communicate).Youshouldexplainthatyoudon’tmindhimwatchingTVallthetime.你應(yīng)該向他說明你不介意他總是看電視。（1）explain動詞，意為“解釋；說明”。explainsth.tosb.向某人解釋某物。explanationn.說明，解釋；辯解Canyouexplainthemeaningoftheword?（2）mind的用法：①mind（not）doingsth.介意做某事eg.Wouldyoumindopeningthewindowplease?②mindsb’s/sbdoingsth.介意某人做某事Doyoumindmy/mecallingyouatnight?【例題】Wouldyoumind________（解釋）thissentence（句子）tome?Mycousinborrowsmythingswithoutreturningthem.我表弟借我的東西不歸還。return動詞，意為“歸還”，returnsb.sth.=returnsth.tosb.YoumustreturnthebooknextMonday.Don’tforgettoreturnmykeystome.【拓展】return動詞，意為“回來；返回”，相當(dāng)于come/getback。returntosp.意為“回到某地”。Hereturnedtoschoolbybikeyesterday.Myparentsgivemealotofpressureaboutschool.pressure不可數(shù)名詞，意為“壓力”，此處指精神上、外界施加的壓力，相當(dāng)于stress。pressure的相關(guān)短語：underpressure壓力之下Parentsoftengivetheirchildrentoomuchpressure.Theteamperformswellunderpressure.Ipete動詞，意為“競爭”。competewith...意為“與......競爭”，名詞形式為“competition”,意為“競賽”?！纠}】ThechildrenfromBeijingwill______withthechildrenfromShanghaiintomorrow’ssoccermatch.?????A.disagree????B.competeC.discuss?????D.hit“Insomefamilies,competitionstartsveryyoungandcontinuesuntilthekidsgetolder,”shesays.continue動詞，表示“繼續(xù)”，后接動詞不定式或者動名詞作賓語。Andtheyarealwayscomparingthemwithotherchildren.（1）bealwaysdoingsth.意為“一直做某事、總是做某事”，含有贊揚(yáng)、抱怨或厭惡等感情色彩，不表示正在發(fā)生的動作。（2）compare表示“比較”時，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有兩個：compare...with...，compare...to...均有“把……同……比較”的意思；compare...to...還有“把……比作……”的含義。Youcouldcompareyourselfwithothergoodstudents.Weoftencomparethelittlekidstotheflowersofthemotherland.【例題】—Ifyoualways________yourselfwithothers，youmayhavelotsofpressure.—Iagree.Weshouldbelieveinourselves.A．considerB．communicateC．createD．compareDr.Alicesaysalltheseactivitiescancausealotofstressforchildren.cause動詞，意為“造成；引起”。causesb.todosth.意為“導(dǎo)致某人做某事”。Theaccidentdidn’tcausehimtochangehismind.【拓展】cause還可做名詞，意為“原因；起因”。Whatwasthecauseofthefire?【例題】Idon’tlikedogsbecausetheymay______(引起)alotoftrouble.Peopleshouldn’tpushtheirkidssohard.人們不應(yīng)該把自己的孩子逼得太緊。push動詞，意為“督促；鞭策”。pushsb.todosth.督促某人做某事Wealwayshavetopushhimtodohishomework.【拓展】push還可意為“推動”。Ipushedthecarbutitdidn’tmove.【例題】—Sallylooksverytired.What'swrong?—Shehastoomanyafter－schoolclasses，butIdon'tthinksheshould_____herselftoohard.A．putB．a(chǎn)greeC．pushD．copy語法精講Whydon'tyou...？的用法?“Whydon'tyou...？”意為“你為什么不……呢？”，通常用來提出建議，相當(dāng)于“Whynot...？”。Whydon'tyou和whynot后都跟動詞原形。對其作肯定回答時，常用“Goodidea./Soundsgreat.”等；對其作否定回答時，可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況作答。eg：—Whydon'tyoujointhesportsclub？你為什么不加入運(yùn)動俱樂部呢？—Goodidea.好主意?！猈hydon'tyoubuythisbike？你為什么不買這輛自行車呢？—Well，itistooexpensive.哦，它太貴了?！就卣埂勘硎咎峤ㄗh的類似表達(dá)方式還有：What/Howaboutdoingsth.？做某事怎么樣？Let'sdosth.讓我們一起做某事吧。Shallwe/Idosth.？我們/我來做某事好嗎？Youhadbetterdo/notdosth.你最好做/不做某事。Wouldyoupleasedosth.？請你做某事好嗎？Wouldyouliketodosth.？你想去做某事嗎？Wouldyouminddoingsth.？你介意做某事嗎？【例題】_____goforapicnicandrelaxourselves？A.WouldyoulikeB.WhynotC.WhataboutD.Whydon’t連詞although，sothat，until的用法?although意為“盡管；雖然”，相當(dāng)于though，用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。句中用了although或though，就不可再用but。若要強(qiáng)調(diào)前后兩部分的對比意義，可在主句前加yet或still。eg：Although/Thoughhehasalotofmoney，(yet/still)heisunhappy.他雖然有很多錢，但并不幸福?！纠}】______he’sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.?A.Though? B.Since? C.For? D.So?sothat意為“目的是；為的是；以便”，可以和inorderthat相互替換。引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，從句中通常含情態(tài)動詞can，may，might等。Eg.Wewillcomeateightsothatthemeetingcanbeginearly.=Wewillcomeateightinorderthatthemeetingcanbeginearly.【拓展】sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句可與inorderthat或inorderto結(jié)構(gòu)相互轉(zhuǎn)換。Eg.Heworkeddayandnightinorderthathecouldsucceed.=Heworkeddayandnightinordertosucceed.他日以繼夜地工作為的是獲得成功?！纠}】--DidPeterdoverywellinthesportsmeet?–Yes.Heranveryfast_____hecouldcatchupwithothers.A.sothatB.inordertoC.soastoDinorder?so...that意為“如此……以至于”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。其中so是副詞，用來修飾形容詞或副詞。Hestudiedsohardthathemadegreatprogress.such...that意思與so...that相同，such修飾名詞或名詞詞組。構(gòu)成such+(形容詞)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+that或者such+a/an+(形容詞)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+thatEg.ItissuchniceweatherthatIwouldliketogotothebeach.Mikeissuchanhonestboythatweallbelievehim.【例題】Hedressed______quickly______heputhisshoesonthewrongfeet.A.so;asB.such;thatC.so;thatD.as;as2.“I’masinger”is______aninterestingTVshow______manypeoplelikewatchingit.A.so;that B.such;that ?until與延續(xù)性動詞連用時，動詞用肯定形式，表示“直到……為止”，指主句的動作一直持續(xù)到until后的動作發(fā)生為止；與短暫性動詞連用時，動詞須用否定形式，意為“直到……才……”，指主句的動作一直到until后的動作發(fā)生時才發(fā)生。eg：Iwaiteduntil3：00，buthedidn'tcome.我一直等到3點(diǎn)，但他沒來。(wait為延續(xù)性動詞)Thenoiseofthestreetdidn'tstopuntilmidnight.街上的喧鬧聲一直到半夜才停止。(stop為短暫性動詞)語法精練一、用although,sothat或until填空。1．Wedidn'tstartourdiscussion_______everyonearrived.2．___________sheisonly6，shecanhelpdosomechores.3．—Susan，whataretheadvantages(好處)ofe-readers(電子閱讀器)?—Mom，theyaresmallerandlighter_________theycanbecarriedveryeasily.4．MybrotherandIlookdifferent__________wearetwins.5．Theteacheraskedmetoreadaloud_______thestudentscouldhearme.二、單項選擇。()6.—It'stoocoldtoday.—Yes.______putonyourcoat?A．WhataboutB．Whydon'tC．WhynotD．Let's()7.—Howabouthavingapicnicwithmethisweekend?—______.Let'sgothen.A．GoodideaB．That'srightC．NotatallD．Welldone()8.—Couldyougoswimmingwithmethisafternoon，Jane?—______，butIhavetodochoresfirst.A．I'dlovetoB．OfcoursenotC．Idon'tmindD．Itisnothing()9.—Excuseme，mayIcomein?—Notyet.Pleasewaitonyourchair______yournameiscalled.A．a(chǎn)ndB．untilC．sinceD．a(chǎn)fter()10.Ilookedthroughmytestpaperagainandagain______Iwouldn'tmakeanymistakes.A．soB．becauseC．a(chǎn)lthoughD．sothat三、根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子。11．你最好八點(diǎn)前到這里。__________________________herebeforeeighto'clock.12．杰克，今天下午我們一起去購物怎么樣？__________________________shoppingwithmethisafternoon，Jack?13．你應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)英語。You______________________atyourEnglish.14．我們不應(yīng)該嘲笑別人。We________________________others.15．你為什么不給她提一些建議呢？_____________________hersomeadvice?一、單選題1．Helen'sheartbeatfasterbecauseshewas________infrontoftheforeignvisitors.A．creativeB．interestedC．nervous2．Thisroomis____small____holdthesepeople.A．so,toB．too,thatC．too,toD．such,that3．WecamehomeandfoundLisa___________onthesofa.A．sleep B．tosleep C．sleeping D．slept4．Mymotherisveryangrywithme，becauseI________uplatethismorning.A．a(chǎn)mgettingB．getC．gotD．willget5．Mr.Brownisusedto______thee-mailsassoonashegetstohisoffice.A．lookingafterB．lookingforwardtoC．lookingthroughD．lookingfor6．_______hewasverytired，hecontinuedworkinginhisoffice．A．SinceB．AlthoughC．AssoonasD．Because7．—Mycousinalwaystakesmythingswithoutasking—________，Ithink.A．It'srightB．It'snotabigdealC．It'snotagoodidea8．Manypeoplelikereadingnewspapers________theycanlearnwhat'shappeningintheworld.A．sothatB．eversinceC．a(chǎn)ssoonas9．Wehaveenoughfreedom(自由)there.Wecando______welike.A．wheneverB．howeverC．whereverD．whatever二、根據(jù)首字母、中文提示填空（題文）根據(jù)句意及首字母或漢語提示完成單詞1．Don'tben___________(緊張)．Ithinkyoucandowellinthetest.2．C___________(抄襲)otherstudents'homeworkisnotright.3．Itisdifficultforasmallstoretoc___________(競爭)withasupermarket.4．Wehaveallkindsofa___________(活動)inourschool.5．Somemiddleschoolstudentscan'tgetenoughsleepunderthep___________(壓力)ofschoolwork.根據(jù)句意及首字母在橫線上填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。6．–Whydidn’tyougotothepartylastnight?—Becausemyparentsdidn’ta______metogooutatnight.7．Thispaintingishist______work8．Asu______,hearrivedearly.9．Jim,youborrowedmymodelplanetwoweeksago.Wouldyoumindr______ittomerightnow.10．Withthed_____ofscience,wecanenjoylifebetter.三、完成句子1．我發(fā)現(xiàn)他在瀏覽報紙。Ifoundhim________________thenewspapers.2．你應(yīng)該講得再慢點(diǎn)，以便她能更好地理解你所說的。Youshouldspeakmoreslowly________________shecanunderstandwhatyousaidbetter.3．我昨天和我最好的好朋友打架了。I________________________________withmybestfriendyesterday.4．這位科學(xué)家自愿把他所有的錢都給了兒童醫(yī)院。Thescientist________allhismoney________thechildren'shospital.5．我們愿出二十萬元錢來購買他的房子。We________him200，000yuan________________hishouse.根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞6．約翰主動提出要幫我修自行車。John________________________merepairthebike.7．為什么不在電話中和她談一下呢？Whynottalkwithher________________________?8．去年夏天他們?nèi)チ吮本?，而今年夏天他們要去海南。LastsummertheywenttoBeijing.Thissummerthey______________Hainan___．9．讓我們?nèi)ヅ郎蕉淮诩依?，好嗎？Let'sgoclimbing________________stayingathome，shallwe?鞏固提高I.選擇填空。()1.Englishismyfavoritesubject,andI’mgood______it.A.forB.toC.atD.of()2.______hewasverytired,hecontinuedworkinginhisoffice.A.SinceB.AlthoughC.AssoonasD.Because()3.Ifyouwanttoknowmoreinformationaboutthisfilm,please______thewebsite.A.setupB.lookthroughC.pickoutD.turnoff()4.—Showmeyourhomework,Dave?—Sorry,Mrs.Brown.I______itathome.A.missedB.forgotC.lostD.left()5.Ididn’tbelievehecoulddrive______hetoldme.A.onceB.whileC.sinceD.until()6.I’mgoingtotakehimtosomefamoushutongs______hecanlearnmoreaboutChina.A.becauseB.whenC.sothatD.asif()7.They______himagoodjobbutherefused.A.lookB.offeredC.lentD.brought()8.Everyonehadadifferent______onthesubjectatthemeeting.A.opinionB.adviceC.decisionD.discussion()9.—Couldyouplease______howthemachineworks?—Ofcourse.A.meanB.refuseC.explainD.wonder()10.You______gotothedoctorifyoufeelill.A.hastoB.needn’tC.shouldD.mustn’tⅡ.完形填空。DearNick.Withoutknowingmoreaboutyou,it’shardformetogiveyousomegoodadvice.Butfirst,I’msurethatyouare(11)_______.Yousaidthatnobodywouldcareifyoulefthome.Whataboutyour(12)_______?Andotherfamilymembers?Itseemsthatyouarevery(13)______.You’dbettergotoadoctorortalk(14)______yourparents.Theywillbeabletohelpyou.Second,I’msurethere’ssomeoneelseinyourclasswhofeelslonely,(15)________.Youneverknow(16)______otherpeoplefeel.Trytomakefriendswithyourclassmates.Andyoucould(17)______aclubtomeetnewpeopleandmakefriends,too.You(18)______findhappinessinyourself.Somy(19)______adviceistowritealistofallthegoodthingsaboutyourself,learntolikeyourself,andthen(20)______willseeyourconfidence(信心)andlikeyou,too.()11.A.rightB.wrongC.OKD.polite()12.A.teachersB.classmatesC.parentsD.friends()13.A.popularB.tiredC.sadD.angry()14.A.atB.aboutC.ofD.with()15.A.tooB.eitherC.alsoD.neither()16.A.whyB.howC.whenD.what()17.A.takepartinB.joinC.joinatD.takepart()18.A.mustn’tB.shouldn’tC.needtoD.hadn’tto()19.A.finallyB.lastC.endD.first()20.A.otherB.theotherCothersD.anotherⅢ.閱讀理解。Youdon’thavetofeelterribleallthetimeonschooldays.Yourschooldayscanbesomeofyourhappiesttime!Yes,itispossible.Letmetellyouwhatyoushoulddo.Oneveryweekend,takeapieceofpaperandwritedownthetitle“MySchedule(計劃)”.Underit,youwritethedaysoftheweek.Nexttothedaysyoucanwritewhatyoushoulddo.Youshouldgiveyourselfenoughtimeforstudyandsometimeforactivitiesyouliketodo.Inclass,youhavetolistentotheteacherscarefully.Also,trytoanswerthequestionstheyaskinclassandtalkaboutyourideas.Youwillbesomeoneinterestingfortheteachersandsomeonespecialforyourclassmates.Trytomakefriendswithyourclassmates.Iftheydon’tliketomakefriendswithyou,it’sfine.Noticeifthereissomeonewhomyoufeelyoucanbefriendswith.Ifyouwanttodosomethingoryoufeelbadthesedays,youcandiscussitwiththefriendyoutrust.Itisveryhelpfultohaveabestfriendwhocanreachforyourhandandtouchyourheart.Dohomeworkwiththeminthesametimeorplace.Youcouldgivethemideasandtheymayhavehelpfulthoughtsthatwouldhelpbothofyou.()21.Whendoesthewriteradvisestudentstowritedowntheschedule?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnFriday.D.OnSunday.()22.Thescheduleshouldbe______.A.forstudyandactivitiesB.fullofsubjectsCfullofactivitiesD.madewithyourfriends()23.Whatshouldyoudoinclass?A.Thinkaboutyouridea