包含2016.6月全新真題試卷4全真四級詳細

tremendoushelp巨大labor辛painstaking一絲不茍的，費盡心思的paycloseattentionto密切關(guān)注……oaccount考慮……embarkon開始做……fosterinterests培bebusywith忙于

ForalongtimeIhadnoaimsinlife,letalonethepositiveattitudeto…長期以來我連生活目標都沒有，更別說對……的積極Withtheincreasingawarenessof…,I e…insteadof隨ListeningSectionSectionNewsReport未聽先知預(yù)覽兩道題各選項，由unemployment,economicrecovery,createenoughjobs,economiccrisis等詞可推 A)TheInternationalLabourOrganization’skeyThebasicsocialprotectionforthemostGlobaleconomicQ:Whatisthenewsreportmainly聽前猜題考查的應(yīng)是所的主要話題，聽音時需留意的開頭。聽前猜A)ManycountrieshavenottakenmeasurestocreateenoughFewcountriesknowhowtoaddressthecurrenteconomicFewcountrieshaverealisedtheseriousnessofthecurrentManycountriesneedsupporttoimprovetheirpeople’sQ:WhatdoesJuanSomavia,directorgeneraloftheInternationalLaborOrganization,say?聽前猜四個選項中ManycountriesFewcountries作主語，聽前猜中提到，國際勞工組織總干事JuanSomavia，一

(1)TheInternationalLaborOrganizationsaysthenumberofpeoplewithoutjobsisincreasing.Initslatestupdateonglobalemploymenttrends,theagencysaysprojectionsofthenumberofunemployedpeoplethisyearrangefrom210milliontonearly240millionpeople.Thereportwarnsthat200millionpoorworkersareatriskofjoiningtheranksofpeoplelivingonlessthantwodollarsperdayinthepastthreeyears.(2)ThedirectorgeneraloftheInternationalLaborOrganizationJuanSomavianotesthatsomecountrieshavetakenmeasurestoaddresstheeffectsoftheglobalcrisis.However,hepointsoutthatmanycountrieshavenotdoneso.Andbasedonpastexperiences,ittakesfourtofiveyearsaftereconomicrecoveryforunemploymenttoreturntopre-crisislevels.Mr.SomaviasaystheInternationalLaborOrganizationisproposingaglobaljobsagreementtodealwithunemployment.“Itskeyobjectiveistoceatthecenterofrecoveryeffortsmeasuresthat業(yè)問題，故答案為A)。

wouldgeneratehigherlevelsofemploymentandprovidebasicsocialprotectionforthemostNewsReport未聽先知預(yù)覽food,calorie,,proteincontent,customers等詞可以初步判斷，內(nèi)容與食品相關(guān)，結(jié)合各選項語義可以進一步判斷，涉及餐館為顧客提供什么樣的食品，如果規(guī)定，餐館會A)ServestandardisedfoodPutcalorieinformationon IncreaseproteincontentintheOfferconvenientfoodtoQ:Whatarebigfast-foodchainsinNewYorkCityrequiredtodoaccordingtothenewrule?聽前猜聽前猜全新的規(guī)定，即把食物的卡路里含量標注在菜單上，故答案為)A)TheywillbeTheywillbeTheywillgetaTheywillloseQ:Whatwillhappentobigrestaurantchainsthatviolatethenew聽前猜四個選項結(jié)構(gòu)相同，從fined,closed,warning,losecustomers等詞可以推測，本題考查的內(nèi)容應(yīng)是餐館會受到怎樣聽前猜末尾提到，規(guī)模足夠大的快餐連鎖店如果不在菜單上標注卡路里含量就會高達2,00的罰款，故答)

(3)Bigfast-foodchainsinNewYorkCityhavestartedtoobeyafirstofitskindrule,requiringthemtopostcaloriecountsrightonthe .CathyNonasiswiththeNewYorkCityDepartmentofHealth.“Wewantedtogivepeopleanopportunitytoactuallyseethecaloriesbeforetheypurchasethefoodandmakeadecision,aninformeddecision,thatiftheywanttomakethehealthierchoice,iftheywanttoeatfewercalories,theycan.Andweexpectthiswillhaveahugeimpactonobesity.Andofcourse,ifithasanimpactonobesity,itwillhaveanimpactondiabetesandheartdiseaseandhighbloodThenewruleswillbeintroducedasapartofananti-obesity n.Thatalsoincludesarecentcitywidebanonartificialtrans-fatsinrestaurantfood.The rollonlyappliestorestaurantsthatservestandardisedpotionsizesandhavefiftyormorelocationsnationwide.StartinglastSaturday,(4)chainsbigenoughtofallundertherulewillfacepenaltiesofupto2,000dollarsfornotshowingcalorieinformationinaprominentspotontheirs,preferablynexttotheNewsReport未聽先知預(yù)覽三道題各選項，由business,novelproducts,innovation,creation等詞可以初步判斷，該 A)Inabilitytoimplementtheir InabilitytokeepturningoutnovelLackofasuccessfulbusinessmodeloftheirFailuretointegrateinnovationintotheir

Q:Whatistheproblemwithmanycompaniesaccordingtothenews (5)Almostallcompaniesrecognizetheimportanceofinnovationtoday,butnotmanyareabletointegrateinnovationintotheirbusiness.AcommentaryintheShanghaiDaily聽前猜四個選項均是的陳述，各選項的意思為：A)“沒有能力落聽前猜開篇，幾乎所有公司都創(chuàng)新的重要性，但很少能把創(chuàng)新真正融入到他們的業(yè)務(wù)中，故答案為D)。A)ItisthesecrettobusinessItisthecreationofsomethingItisamagictooltobringbigItisanessentialpartofbusinessQ:Whatdomanypeopletendtothinkof聽前猜四個選項均以It開頭，均是對It的評價或定義，結(jié)合和各選項語義可推測，It應(yīng)指創(chuàng)新，本題考查關(guān)于創(chuàng)新的評價或定義，聽聽前猜著創(chuàng)造一些新的東西，故答案為B)。A)ItshardworkingItsflexiblepromotionItsinnovationItswillingnesstomakeQ:Whatdoes Procter&Gambleoweitssuccess聽前猜聽前猜詳解《司(rotr&be)的例子說明，一個真正懂得創(chuàng)新的公司應(yīng)該發(fā)展創(chuàng)新文化并且以此作為成功)。

pointsoutthatinnovationdoesn’tmeanpilesof s.It’ssomethingmorepractical.(6)Thearticlesaysmanypeopletendtoassumethatinnovationjustmeanscreatingsomethingnew,butactuallyit’smorethanthat.It’sanattitudeofngthings.A shouldfindwaystoinnovatenotjustinproductsbutalsoinfunctions,businessmodelsand(7)ThearticlecitestheglobalgiantProcter&Gambleasanexample,sayingarealinnovative shoulddevelopaninnovationcultureanduseitasaprimarytoolforsuccess.Procter&GamblehasaCorporateInnovationFundwhichoffersbigrewardsforhigh-riskideasthatsucceed.Italsohasaspecialinnovationfacilityforitsemployees.Sometimesitsemployeesarereleasedfromtheirdailyjobsforweeksandspendtheirtimeinctingintheinnovationfacilityinstead.Inconclusion,thearticlesaysinnovativeideasalonedonotensuresuccess.It’spointlessunlessthereisarepeatableprocessincetoturninspirationintofinancialperformance.SectionSectionConversationConversation未聽先知預(yù)覽四道題各選項，由選項中的text-messaging,onthephone,message,send等詞可以推測， )He’sgotaddictedtoHeisnotverygoodatHeiscrazyabouttext-Hedoesnottalklongonthephone.Q:Whatdoesthemansayabouthimself?聽前猜四個選項主語均是He，由C)中的“他癡迷發(fā)聽前猜中的“他不在打時長談”可推測，本題考查男士在使用

中男士說，他打結(jié)束很快，說話不多，故答案為D)。M:So,Lenzy,doyouliketotext-messageonyourcellW:Yeah,Itext-messageaM:Idon’tdoitsomuch.IprefertomakeacallifI’minaW:Yeah,Igobothways.SometimesIdon’treallywanttotalkto.Ijustwanttoaskthemonequestion,soit’smucheasierformejusttotext-message.A)TalkTalkatGossipaForgetQ:Whatdoesthewomantendtodowhilesheisonthe聽前猜其中D)項與前三項明顯不屬統(tǒng)一范疇，可優(yōu)先排除。通過語義可推測，本題考查通過所做的事情，聽音時應(yīng)注意相關(guān)信息聽前猜中說，如果她給別人打，就不得不說很長時間，故答案為B)。A)HethoughtitwasHeneededtheHewantedtostayconnectedwithHehadanurgentmessagetoQ:Whydidthemantext-messageallhisfriendswhenhefirstgothiscellphone?聽前猜四個選He作主語，可以確定題目與男士相關(guān)。結(jié)合選項中出現(xiàn)thoughtneededwanted可以進一步推測，本題考聽前猜中男士說，他擁有第一部時，感覺給所有有的朋友發(fā)很酷，故答案為A)。A)ItposesachallengetoItsavesbothtimeandItischildishandItiscoolandQ:Whatdoesthewoman’sfatherthinkoftext-聽前猜四個選項均以It開頭，均是對It的評價，由可知，It指打或者發(fā)，聽音時應(yīng)留意最后對打或發(fā)聽前猜末尾，說她父親覺得發(fā)既幼稚又不專業(yè)，故

(9)IfIcallthem,I’llhavetohavealongM:Yeah,Icanseewhatyoumean.(8)ButIgetoffthephoneprettyquicklywhenIcall.I’mnotabigtalker.W:Yeah,that’strue.Youdon’ttalkaM:Soareyoufastatwritingthemessageswithyourthumb?W:Well,whenIfirstgotacellphone,Iwassoslow.IthoughtIwouldnevertext-message.Butthenpeoplekepttext-messagingme,soIfeltobligedtolearnhowtotext-message.SonowI’mprettyfast.Whataboutyou?M:ActuallyIhavetheoppositeproblem.(10)WhenIfirstgotmycellphone,Ithoughtitwassocooltotext-messageallmyfriendswhohaveone,andIwasprettyfastwithmythumbthen.ButitseemslikenowIdon’tuseitsomuch.I’vegottensloweractually.W:Yeah,Ithinktext-messagingactuallysortofhastodowithyourage.Forexample,peopleinhighschool,theytext-messagealot.ButIaskmyfatherifhetext-messages,andguesswhathesaid?M:W:Hesaidhe’dnevertext-message.(11)Hethinksit’sverychildishandunprofessionaltotext-message.M:Yeah,Icanseewhathemeans.It’sconsideredprettyinformaltotext-messageConversationConversation未聽先知預(yù)覽四道題各選項，由選項中的jobassignment,manager,boss,workload,com A)HewantstochangehisjobHeisunhappywithhisdepartmentHethinkshedeservesextrapayforHeisoftensingledoutforcriticismbyhis

Q:WhatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheW:Goodmorning,Mr.Johnson.HowcanIhelpM:Well,(12-1)I’dliketotalktoyouaboutTimBond,thedepartmentmanager.W:Whatseemstobethe聽前猜四個選He作主語，且內(nèi)容均與職場有關(guān)，由此可知，本題考查男士工作方面的問題，聽音時應(yīng)留意開頭處，對聽前猜開，士想跟談關(guān)部經(jīng)理mod事情，接著男士談到了經(jīng)理讓他做很多額外的工作，如幫別人干mond)。A)HisworkloadwasmuchtooHisimmediatebossdidnottrustHiscolleaguesoftenrefusedtoHissalarywastoolowforhisQ:Whatistheman’schiefcom聽前猜詞is為的聽前猜中男士向抱怨了很多事情，提到被指派做離職同事即已完了己工還是知幫其同完作)。A)HeneverknowshowtoHeisalwaysreadytohelpHisbosshasalotoftrustinHisbosshasnosenseofQ:Howdoesthewomaninterpretthefactthatthemanwasaskedtohelphiscolleagueswiththeirwork?聽前猜聽前猜“一點也不公正”，需要留意描述男士或者其的信息。中，男士向抱怨部門經(jīng)理TimBond總是給他許多額外的工作，讓他幫助其他同事，卻認為這也說明了經(jīng)理對他A)PutallhiscomintsinWaitandseewhathappensLearntosaynowhenTalktohisboss Q:Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemanto聽前猜四個選項均為動詞短語，描述的均是解決某種問題的做法，由此可以判斷，本題旨在考查下一步的行動或者建議，聽音時應(yīng)意后行或議關(guān)內(nèi)聽前猜末尾，建議男士不要只是抱怨，而是發(fā)電子郵件約時間與部門經(jīng)理見面，親自與他談?wù)?，故答案為D)。

(12-2/13-1)IfeellikeI’vebeentargetedtodoallherworkaswellasmine.I’mexpectedtoattendtoomanymeetingsandIseemtobespendingalotofmyngunnecessarypaperW:I’msorrytohearM:And,ontopofthat,(13-2)IspecificallyaskedifIcouldleaveearlylastFridayasI’ddonealotofovertimeduringtheweek.Butthatafternoon,eventhoughI’dfinishedmyassignedwork,IwastoldtoW:(14)Butsurelythat’sapositivesign,showingthatMr.BondhasalotoftrustinM:Yes,butothercolleaguesgettoleaveearly,andtheydon’thavesuchalotofworktoW:Soyoufeelhe’sremakingunrealisticdemandsonyou?W:HaveyouapproachedMr.Bondaboutthisparticularproblem?M:I’vetried,butitseemslikehejusthasnotimeforme.W:Well,atthisstage,(15-1)itwouldbebetterifyouapproachedhimdirectly.Ifnothingelse,showingthatyou’vetriedtosolvetheproblemyourselfbeforeyoutakeitfurthermakesitclearthatyou’renotjustacominer.(15-2)Whydon’tyousendan requestingameetingwithhiminprivate?M:Hmm,I’dbeenabitworriedabouthisreaction.Butanyway,I’llsendhimantorequestameeting,andI’llseewhathappensfromthere.ThanksforyourW:Goodluck.Andletusknow SectionSectionPassagePassage未聽先知預(yù)覽三道題各選項，由選項中的sleep,healthylife,decline,lackofsleep,health-conscious,mindfunction,bloodpressure等詞可以推測，短文內(nèi)容涉及睡眠與健康的關(guān)系，以及睡眠不足對健康產(chǎn)生的 A)TheimportanceofsleeptoahealthyReasonsforAmericans’declineinSometipstoimprovethequalityofDiseasesassociatedwithlackofQ:Whatisthespeakermainlytalking聽前猜聽前猜短文開頭提到，睡眠時間的減少使上百萬人的身體健康、生活質(zhì)量甚至都處于之中，然后短文從睡眠充足和睡眠不足兩方面對比分析了睡眠對健康的重要作用，故答案為A)。A)Theyaremorehealth-TheyarechangingtheirlivingTheygetlessandlessTheyknowthedangersoflackofQ:Whatdowelearnfromthetalkabouttoday’s聽前猜四個選項都以They作主語，且morechanginglessandless都說明某種變化，結(jié)合選項語義可推測，本題考查某些人在對聽前猜短文中提到，20世紀50年代，人的睡眠時間是8小時，近幾年已經(jīng)降到了7小時。由此可知，人的睡眠時間越來越少，故答案為C)。A)TheirweightwillgoTheirmindfunctionwillTheirworkefficiencywillTheirbloodpressurewillQ:Whatdoesthespeakersaywillhappentopeoplewholack聽前猜四選均表將的l，且主語多為與相關(guān)聽前猜睡眠不足的人通常會有高血壓、心臟病、、肥胖等各種問)。

Themassivedeclineinsleephappenedsoslowlyandquietlythatfewseemedtonoticethetrend.WasitbecauseofthegrowingattractionoftheInternet, gamesandendlessTVchannels?Neverdisconnectingfromwork?(16)Nomatterhowithappened,millionsofAmericansareputtingtheirqualityoflifeandevenlengthoflifeinNewevidenceshowswhygettingenoughsleepisatoppriority.Some40%ofAmericansgetlessthan7hoursofshut-eyeonweeknights.“Thelinkbetweensleepandhealth,andbadsleepanddiseaseis ingclearerandclearer.”saysLawrenceAlberstaine,asleepexpertatHarvardUniversity.(17)Forexample,sleepdurationhasdeclinedfromsome8hoursinthe1950sto7inrecentyears.Atthesametime,highbloodpressurehas eanincreasingproblem.(18)Bloodpressureandheartratearetypicallyattheirlowestlevelsduringsleep.Peoplewhosleeplesstendtohavehigherbloodpressure,heartattack,diabetes,weightgainandother Sleebettermayhelpfightoffillness.“Whenpeoplearesleep-deprived,therearehigherlevelsofstresshormonesintheirbodies,whichcandecreaseimmunefunction.”saysDoctorFeliceofNorthwesternUniversityinChicago.AuniversityofChicagostudyshowspeoplewhosleepwelllivelonger.Sosaygoodnightsooneranditmayhelpyoustayactiveandvitaltoaripeoldage.PassagePassage未聽先知courseuniversityapplyprofessorsA)HowmuchyoucanaffordtoWhatcourseyouaregoingtoWhichuniversityyouaregoingtoapplyWhenyouaregoingtosubmityourQ:Whatisthefirstdecisionyoushouldmakeinpreparingtoapplyforaceatuniversity?聽前猜聽前猜短文開頭，父母和老師會提醒你申請大學是一生中最重要的抉擇，其中首先需要決定的是選擇哪門課程，故答案為B)。A)ThelistofcoursesThefullrecordofThereferencesfrom alQ:Whatisthemostimportantpartofthe聽前猜聽前猜D)A)SpecifywhattheywouldliketodoafterDescribeindetailhowmuchtheywouldenjoyIndicatetheyhavere?ectedandthoughtabouttheEmphasizethattheyadmiretheprofessorsintheQ:Whatmustapplicantsdoin al聽前猜四個選項均為動詞短語，均是圍繞they展開，從各選項語義中不難判斷出they指的是學生。選項中的Specify，Describe，IndicateEmphasize均是描述或強調(diào)某件事的詞語，由此可推測，聽前猜了你的，招生人員會從中尋找你對所選這門課程已經(jīng)進行過深思熟慮的，故答案為C)。

Parentsandteacherswilllyounottoworrywhenapplyingforaceatuniversity,butinthesamebreathwillremindyouthatitisthemostimportantdecisionofyourlife.(19)Thefirstdecisionisyourchoiceofcourse.Itwilldependonwhatyouwanttogetoutofuniversity,whatyouaregoodatandwhatyouenjoy.Thenextdecisioniswheretoapply.Aimhighbutwithinreason.Doyouhavetherightcombinationofsubjects,andareyourexpectedgradeslikelytomeetentryrequirements?ThedeadlineisJanuary15th.Butitisbesttosubmityourapplicationearlybecauseuniversitiesbeginworkassoonasformsstartrollingin.(20)Themostimportantpartoftheapplicationisthemuchfeared statement.Thisisyourchancetoconveyboundlessenthusiasmforthesubject.Soeconomyofexpressionisforemost.Omitdullandineffectivegeneralitiesandmakesureyougiveconcreteexamples.Admissionsofficersreadevery statementthatarrives.Itisnotconvincingifyousayyouhavechosenthesubjectbecauseyouenjoyit.(21)Youhavetogetacrosswhatitisaboutaparticularareathathasinspiredyou.Theywilllookforevidencethatyouhavereflectedandthoughtaboutthesubject.Applicantsshouldbehonest.Thereisnopointsayingyourunmarathons,ifyouaregoingtobeoutofbreatharrivingattheinterviewonthesecondfloor.Passage未聽先知預(yù)覽四道題各選項，由選rubbertyreslate19thcenturypetroldriveassemblyline,cars等詞A)ItwasequippedwithrubberItwasbuiltinthelate19thItwaspurchasedbytheRoyalItwasdesignedbyanEnglishQ:Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthefirstmotor聽前猜四個選It開頭的句，且謂語動詞均為過去時，根據(jù)短文可以判斷出ItB)19C)“它被皇室”可判斷本題考查早期汽車的相關(guān)聽前猜短文開篇提到，德國人KarlBenz于1885年建造了第一輛汽車，故答案為B)A)TheyconsumedlotsofTheytooktwopassengersTheyweredifficulttoTheyoftenbrokeQ:Whatwastheproblemwiththeearlycarsin聽前猜的“它們只能載兩位乘客”、C中的“它們很難駕駛D中的“它們經(jīng)常故障”可判定，They指的是汽車，四個選項均為過去時，由此可推聽前猜答案為D)A)TheywereproducedontheassemblyTheywerebuiltwithlesscostlyTheyweremodeledafterBritishTheyweremadeforordinary聽前猜四個選項They開頭，由C)“它們仿造英國汽車”可判斷They指的是汽車，本題考查該種汽車的生產(chǎn)、性能、外觀或面向群體方聽前猜短文中間部分提到，1909年福特在推出的T型汽車更加便宜，因為它們是流水線生產(chǎn)的，故答案為A)A)ItmadenewsallovertheItwasbuiltfortheRoyalItmarkedanewerainmotorItattractedlargenumbersofQ:WhatdowelearnaboutthePreston聽前猜聽前猜

(22)ItisusuallyagreedthataGerman,KarlBenz,builtthefirstmotorcarin1885.Itwasactuallyatricyclewithapetrolmotorattherear.Soon,membersoftheRoyalfamilyandotherwealthypeopletookupmotoringasasport.Manyoftheearlycarshadtwoseats.(23)Therewerenopetrolpumpsandfewgarages,soeverydriverhadtobehisownengineerforthefrequentbreakdowns.By1905,carsbegantolooklikecarsoftoday,withheadlamps,windscreen,rubbertyresandnumbertes.(24)HenryFord’s“ModelT”,introducedinAmericain1909,wascheaperbecauseitwasmadeontheassemblyline.Itbroughtcarsclosertowardsthereachofordinarypeople.Withthepopularityofthecar,registrationbecameamustin CompetencytestswereintroducedinToday,thelegaldrivingageforacarintheUKis17.Youarenotallowedtodriveacarunsuperviseduntilyouhavepassedadrivingtest.In1958,Britaincelebratedtheopeningofitsfirstmotorway—thePrestonBypass.Untilthen,noonereallyunderstoodwhatamotorwaywas,noteventhelaborerswhowerebuildingit.(25)TheBypassheldanewerainmotortravelandwasgreetedwithexcitementandoptimism.Servicestationscamewiththemotorwayandthelegendofthetransportcaféwasborn.Ofcourse,theservicestationhasdiversifiedgreatly.Butwhetherit’san短文末尾提到，1958年英國建立了第一條高速公路，這條高速公路開啟了汽車旅行的新，故答案為C)。

English-cookedbreakfastoracoffeeandasandwich,onethinghasremainedthesame:theprices.PARTPARTReadingSectionSection越來越多的表明，體育活動不僅對身體好，而且對大(adadzedtss) 鑒于學校賴以生存的財政預(yù)算有所減少，這些數(shù)據(jù)無疑會使目前關(guān)于是否要將體育課的爭論更加激烈。支持將體育課的一方擔心，體育課keaayfro)間。近幾年，學生的考試成績有所下降，因此，一些管人員認為學生們應(yīng)該將的時間放在課堂上而不是操場上。煉可以改善大腦的血液循環(huán)， 名名動D)depressing使沮喪，使；E)drop下降，減少；M)review回顧，評論；N)survive生存，存活動Otend傾向于，易形容形容副副Physicalactivitydoesthebodygood,andthere’sgrowingevidencethatithelpsthebraintoo.ResearchersintheNetherlandsreportthatchildrenwhogetmoreexercise,whetheratschoolorontheirown,(26)tendtohaveGPAsandbetterscoresonstandardizedtests.Ina(27)reviewof14studiesthatlookedatphysicalactivityand(28)performance,investigatorsfoundthatthemorechildrenmoved,thebettertheirgradeswereinschool,(29)inthebasicsubjectsofmath,EnglishandO)。詳解thatchildren缺少謂語動詞，而且空格處的詞語應(yīng)與空格后的介詞to搭配構(gòu)成動詞短語，由于主句為一般現(xiàn)在時所以空格處應(yīng)該填入動詞。該句的意思是：不論是參加學校活動，還是自己運動，經(jīng)常運動的孩子在標準化考試中往往會有較高的平均績點和分數(shù)tend“傾向于，易于”，符合句意。備選項中的depressing和drop不是動詞，可以排除；review和survive均無法與to搭配使用，可M)。詳解名詞辨析題?？崭袂懊嬗薪樵~Ina，所以空格處需要填入名詞。通過上下文可知，本句的大意是：在對過14個關(guān)于體育鍛煉和學業(yè)表現(xiàn)關(guān)系的回顧中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了二者的相互關(guān)系，所以句首應(yīng)使用Inareviewof，指“在對過去……的回顧中”。L)。詳解名詞辨析題?？崭袂盀樾稳菰~，因此空格處應(yīng)該填入名詞，且該名詞能與academic搭配。備選名詞中能夠和academic搭配的只剩下performance。academicperformance“學業(yè)表現(xiàn)”為固定表達。,K。詳解inthatpriualyThedatawillcertainlyfueltheongoingdebateoverwhetherphysicaleducationclassesshouldbecutasschoolsstruggleto(30)surviveonsmallerbudgets.Theargumentsagainstphysicaleducationhaveincludedconcernsthatgymtimemaybetakingawayfromstudytime.WithstandardizedtestscoresintheU.S.(31)dropinrecentyears,someadministratorsbelievestudentsneedtospendmoretimeintheclassroominsteadofontheyground.Butasthesefindingsshow,exerciseandacademicsmaynotbe(32)mutuallyexclusive.Physicalactivitycanimproveblood(33)flowtothebrain,fuelingmemory,attentionandcreativity,whichare(34)essentialtolearning.Andexercisereleaseshormonesthatcanimprove(35)moodandrelievestress,whichcanalsohelplearning.Sowhileitmayseemasifkidsarejustexercisingtheirbodieswhenthey’rerunningaround,theymayactuallybeexercisingtheirbrainsaswell.N)。詳解動詞辨析題?？崭袂懊嬗薪閠oonsmallerbudgets，所以空格處應(yīng)填入一個動詞。另外，從句意上來看，這一句與上句為因果關(guān)系，說明出現(xiàn)關(guān)于體育課爭論的原因，即：學校賴以生存的財政預(yù)算減少。備選動詞中符合結(jié)構(gòu)和句意雙重要求的只有survive，由此確N)為本題答案。E)。詳解動詞辨析題。通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格位于with引導(dǎo)的表示原因的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中，空格前面有主語standardizedtestscores，由此可知空格處的詞語與前面的主語是主謂關(guān)系，并且這個詞應(yīng)該是動詞分詞備選的現(xiàn)在分詞有depressing和drop，其中depressing“使沮喪，使”，意思上與主語不搭配，所以J)詳解副詞辨析題?？崭袂懊媸莃e動詞，后面為形容詞exclusive，因此空格處需要填入副詞修飾其后的形容詞。前一句中提到一些管理人員認為學生們應(yīng)該將的時間放在課堂上而不是操場上?？崭袼诰浜颓癏)。詳解名詞辨析題?？崭裉幥懊嬗袆釉~improve和名詞blood，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處所填詞應(yīng)與blood搭配構(gòu)成動詞improve的賓語，因此空格處需要填入一個名詞。此處只有flow可以與blood搭配，表達“血液循環(huán)”的意思。所以flow為本題的答案。與F)。詳解betolearning，因此空格處需要填入形容詞，與后面的介詞to搭配。前一句中提到體育鍛煉可以改善大腦的血液循環(huán)，增強力、注意力和創(chuàng)造力。因此，空格處需要填入一個表示褒義的形容詞，表明這些能力對學習的重要性。由此確定essential“至關(guān)重要的，必需的”為本題答案。同時，beessentialto為固定表達。I)。詳解improve，后面為連andrelievestress，所以空格處需要thathormones，表明這是一種可以緩解壓力的荷爾蒙。因此空格處的名詞應(yīng)該和stress在意義上相對。mood“心情，情緒”符合句意，故為本題的答案。SectionSectionA)~B)段提出如何A)~B)段提出如何為年老的長輩挑選養(yǎng)老(3)輔助生活社區(qū)的生活質(zhì)量真的比養(yǎng)老院有大幅度提高嗎？或者僅僅輔助生活社區(qū)的裝修好一些？養(yǎng)老院真的像人們擔心的C段提出自己的觀點，養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)的類型(4)那么重要，這事情變C段提出自己的觀點，養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)的類型佳的陰郁的(gloomy)環(huán)境中，沒有人能精力旺盛。但是大量的研究最近在《應(yīng)用老年》上的一項研究了康涅狄格州150名分別輔助生活社區(qū)、養(yǎng)老院和較小的住宅之家（在一些州被稱為照顧之家或成人之家）的老人?？的腋翊笱芯康牡谝蛔髡咧炖颉ち_賓遜——大學的醫(yī)學說道。(36)這一個合理的(reasonable)假定——很多家庭都努力避免選擇養(yǎng)老院，)但是當研究人員加入一些其他變量(variable)時，這種差異D)~H)段介紹了在《應(yīng)用老年醫(yī)學》的一項研究并了該研究的結(jié)論，人和環(huán)境是互動的，入住老人自身的性格會影響他們在環(huán)境中的感受，兩者的結(jié)合才是最重要的?？党潭取⒑蜖顩r的感知——造成了差異。”羅賓遜博士解釋道。(45)入住老人是否能感受到自己參與了搬家決定及他們居住D)~H)段介紹了在《應(yīng)用老年醫(yī)學》的一項研究并了該研究的結(jié)論，人和環(huán)境是互動的，入住老人自身的性格會影響他們在環(huán)境中的感受，兩者的結(jié)合才是最重要的。(3)一位認為自己健康狀況不佳的老人住在輔助生活社區(qū)并不會比住在養(yǎng)老院抑郁程輕（雖然兒女們更向于為她選擇輔助生活社區(qū)。在其他因素相同的前提下，一位知道自己將要搬去的地方并有時間去適應(yīng)的人不是在小住宅之家是在養(yǎng)老“你不能說’”羅賓遜博士說。她補充道，重)~)段提出一些早期的研究也有類似的結(jié)論，比起環(huán)境的星級標準，入住老人的身體健康和精神狀態(tài)更能影響老人的生活。(44)這些違背的發(fā)現(xiàn)，以前也出現(xiàn)過。例如，在一項輔助量——機構(gòu)的類型、大小或年限；是否屬于連鎖(chain)機構(gòu)；周圍街區(qū)的——和入住老人在生病、精神萎靡、住院治療或方面)~)段提出一些早期的研究也有類似的結(jié)論，比起環(huán)境的星級標準，入住老人的身體健康和精神狀態(tài)更能影響老人的生活。當我在考慮這些時，(41)一家享有盛譽的研究公司發(fā)的新聞稿放在我的桌上，稿子宣稱醫(yī)療于2008年開發(fā)的幫助家度關(guān)系不大。事實上，消費者對那些最級的一星級機構(gòu)設(shè)施的滿意度比五星級的更高。（本研究具體內(nèi)容和星級評定將登載在隨K)~N)段結(jié)合研究成果給出結(jié)論并解決當然，想要去參觀機構(gòu)設(shè)施，管理者、入住老自己變成(privatedetective)或者國會小組。(37)“家K)~N)段結(jié)合研究成果給出結(jié)論并解決對怎給母來我都自的法他同樣也自的法最，個友著母親了們近/雖這次已和方定，是們女到時沒有人迎接，也沒有人向她們介紹其他的入住老人。在餐廳吃午餐時，她們單獨坐在一桌。(40女兒擔心她母親那兒會被忽視，因此決定把母親送到一Manypeoplefeelguiltywhentheycannotfindaceotherthananursinghomefortheir由題干guilty和nursing

“Wethoughtwewouldseedifferencesbasedonthehousingtypes,”saidtheleadauthorofthestudy,JulieRobison,anassociateprofessorofmedicineattheuniversity.Areasonableassumption—don’tfamiliesstruggletoavoidnursinghomesandsufferrealguiltiftheycan’t?詳解)定，因為很多家庭都努力避免選擇養(yǎng)老院，如果不能避免則會心懷內(nèi)疚。原文用反問句來加強語氣，而題干中。Thoughithelpsforchildrentoinvestigatecarefacilities,involvingtheirparentsinthedecision-makingprocessmayprovevery盡管孩子們機構(gòu)設(shè)施是有幫助的，但是在做決定的時候讓父母參與進去由題干carefacilities,involving和process,veryimportant定位到原文畫

L)Ofcourse,sonsanddaughterswanttovisitthefacilities,talktotheadministratorsandresidentsandotherfamilies,anddoeverythingpossibletofulfilltheirduties.Butperhapstheydon’thavetoturnthemselvesintoprivateinvestigatorsor mittees.“Familiescanlookabitmoreforwheretheresidentsaregoingtobehappy,”Dr.Sloanesaid.Andinvolvingthefutureresidentintheprocesscanbevery詳解L)段第一句提到想要去參觀機構(gòu)設(shè)施，管理者、入住老人和其他家庭，盡一切可能履行他們的職責。最后一句斯隆博士在這個過程中讓入住老人參與進去是非常重要的。題干中的investigatecarefacilities是對原文第一句話的總結(jié)；最后一句中的thefutureresidents就是指題干中theirparents，故答案為詳解傳統(tǒng)上，人們大多認為輔助生活社區(qū)比養(yǎng)老院設(shè)施詳解傳統(tǒng)上，人們大多認為輔助生活社區(qū)比養(yǎng)老院設(shè)施好，條件好，提前能夠為老人選擇最好的地方)段使用了多個疑問句對這傳統(tǒng)觀念提出質(zhì)疑：輔助社區(qū)的生活質(zhì)量真的能比養(yǎng)老院大幅度高嗎？者僅僅是輔助生活社區(qū)的裝修好一些？養(yǎng)老院像人們擔心的那樣糟糕嗎？還是那種擔心只是人們的一種固有偏見？做好準備工作真能指導(dǎo)家庭找到最好的地方嗎？最后一句話點題，說明以上問題的答案確實很難得知。題為。 由題干difficulttol,livingnursinghome定位到原文畫線

Doesassistedlivingreallymarkagreatimprovementoveranursinghome,orhastheindustrysimplyhiredbetterinteriordesigners?Arenursinghomesasbadaspeoplefear,oristhatanout-modedstereotype（固定看法）？Canng reallysteerfamiliestothebestces?Itisgenuinelyhardtoknow.Howaresidentfeelsdependsonaninctionbetweenthemselvesandthecarefacilitytheylivein.譯譯定由題干inctionbetweenthemselvesandthecarefacility定位到原文畫線處。定

詳解H)段開頭根據(jù)上文研究的結(jié)果 中的Howaresidentfeels是對定位段中第一、二句話的概括；betweenthemselvesandthecarefacility是將第三句中的betweenthe andthe ce具體化。因此題干是對前三句話的整合，故答案為H)。H)Anelderly whodescribesherselfasinpoorhealth,therefore,mightbenolessdepressedinassistedliving(evenifherchildren詳解H)段開頭根據(jù)上文研究的結(jié)果 中的Howaresidentfeels是對定位段中第一、二句話的概括；betweenthemselvesandthecarefacility是將第三句中的betweenthe andthe ce具體化。因此題干是對前三句話的整合，故答案為H)。Theauthorthinksherfriendmadearationaldecisioninchoosingamorehospitableceoveranapparentlyelegantassistedlivinghome.譯譯定由題干arationaldecision定位到原文定

N)Thedaughterfearedhermotherwouldbeignoredthere,andsoshedecidedtomoveherintoamore facility.Basedonwhatisemergingfromsomeofthisresearch,thatmighthavebeenasrationalawayasanytoreachadecision.詳解N)段第一句提到，女兒在完高雅的輔助生活社區(qū)后，擔詳解N)段第一句提到，女兒在完高雅的輔助生活社區(qū)后，擔心母親在那會被忽視，因此決定把母親送到一家更為熱情的機構(gòu)。題干中choosingamorehospitableceoveranapparentlyelegantassistedlivinghome是對本段第一句話的同義轉(zhuǎn)述；madearationaldecision對應(yīng)本段中的thatmighthavebeenasrationalawayasanyThesystemMedicaredevelopedtoratenursinghomequalityisoflittlehelptofindingasatisfactoryce.譯譯由題干Medicare和little,

J)AsIwasconsideringallthis,apressreleasefromarespectedresearchfirmcrossedmydesk,announcingthatthefive-starratingsystemthatMedicaredevelopedin2008tohelpfamiliescomparenursinghomequalityalsohaslittlerelationshiptohowsatisfieditsresidentsortheirfamilymembersare.Asamatteroffact,consumersexpressedhighersatisfactionwiththeone-starfacilities,thelowestrated,thanwiththefive-starones.(Moreonthisstudyandthestarratingswillappearinasubsequentpost.)詳詳解J)段提到一家享有盛譽的研究公司宣稱 于2008年開發(fā)的幫助家庭比較養(yǎng)老院質(zhì)量的五星級系統(tǒng)和入住老人及家庭成員的滿意度關(guān)系不大。題干中的MedicaredevelopedtoratenursinghomequalityMedicaredevelopedin2008tohelpfamiliescomparenursinghomequality的同義轉(zhuǎn)述；isoflittlehelphaslittlerelationship的同義轉(zhuǎn)述；satisfactoryhowsatisfiedJ)Atfirsttheresearchersofthemostrecentstudyfoundresidentsinassistedlivingfacilitiesgavehigherscoresonsocialinction.Atfirst,higherscoressocial ction定位到原文畫線處詳解F)段舉例介紹了最初的研Atfirst,higherscoressocial ction定位到原文畫線處詳解F)段舉例介紹了最初的研究結(jié)果，輔助生活社區(qū)的入住老人比其他機構(gòu)設(shè)施的入住老人更少有抑郁癥狀，很少感到無聊和孤獨。他們在社會互動方面得分更高。題干中的Atfirst對應(yīng)原文第一句中的initial；residentsinassistedlivingfacilities對應(yīng)原文中的assistedlivingresidents；gavehigherscoresonsocial ction譯文 為Whatkindofcarefacilityoldpeopleliveinmaybelessimportantthanwethink.

Intheinitialresults,assistedlivingresidentsdidpaintthemostpositivepicture.Theywerelesslikelytoreportsymptomsofdepressionthanthoseintheotherfacilities,forinstance,andlesslikelytobeboredorlonely.Theyscoredhigheronsocialinction.詳解C)段提到，我認為老人住什么樣的養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)可能并沒有我們設(shè)想的那么重要。題干中的maybelessimportantthanwethink是對原文中maymatterlessthanwehaveassumed的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為C)。Iamabouttomakethingsmorecomplicatedbysuggestingthatwhatkindoffacilityanolder livesinmaymatterlessthanwehaveassumed.Andthatthecharacteristicsadultchildrenlookforwhentheybegin詳解C)段提到，我認為老人住什么樣的養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)可能并沒有我們設(shè)想的那么重要。題干中的maybelessimportantthanwethink是對原文中maymatterlessthanwehaveassumed的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為C)。詳解I)段提到，這些違背的發(fā)現(xiàn)，以前也曾出現(xiàn)過。并舉出一項輔助生活社區(qū)詳解I)段提到，這些違背的發(fā)現(xiàn)，以前也曾出現(xiàn)過。并舉出一項輔助生活社區(qū)的多態(tài)研究的結(jié)果來證明I段第一句havesurfacedbefore是一個比喻，說明之前的研究有類似的結(jié)果出現(xiàn)，具體例子就是第二句中的multi-statestudyofassistedliving，這也印證了題干similar的說法，題干是對原文前兩句的概括總結(jié)，故答案為ofassistedliving定位到原文畫線處。

I)Suchfindings,whichruncountertocommonsense,havesurfacedbefore.Inamulti-statestudyofassistedliving,forinstance,UniversityofNorthCarolinaresearchersfoundthatahostofvariables—thefacility’stype,sizeorage;whetherachainownedit;howattractivetheneighborhoodwas—hadnosignificantrelationshiptohowtheresidentsfaredintermsofillness,mentaldecline,hospitalizationsormortality.Whatmatteredmostwastheresidents’physicalhealthandmentalstatus.Whatpeoplewerelikewhentheycameinhadgreaterconsequencethanwhathappenedoncetheywerethere.Aresident’ssatisfactionwithacarefacilityhasmuchtodowithwhethertheyhadparticipatedinthedecisiontomoveinandhowlongtheyhadstayedthere.譯文入住居民對機構(gòu)的滿意程度和他們是否參與了搬家決定以及他們居住時間