江蘇省揚州市2021年中考英語試題（含詳解）

揚州市2021年初中畢業(yè)、升學統(tǒng)一考試英語試題說明∶1.本試卷共8頁,包含選擇題（第1題～第45題,共45題）、非選擇題（第46題～第81題,共36題）兩部分。滿分120分,考試時間為100分鐘?？荚嚱Y束后,請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。2.答題前,考生務必將本人的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡相應的位置上,同時務必在試卷的裝訂線內(nèi)將本人的姓名、準考證號、畢業(yè)學校填寫好,在試卷第4頁的右下角填寫好座位號。3.所有的試題都必須在專用的"答題卡"上作答,選擇題用2B鉛筆作答、非選擇題在指定位置用0.5毫米黑色水筆作答。在試卷或草稿紙上答題無效。一、單項選擇（共15小題;每小題1分,計15分）在下列各題A、B、C、D四個選項中選擇一個能填人題干空白處的最佳答案。1.As________teacher,it’simportanttobe________goodrolemodelfortheirstudents.A.the;a B.a;the C.a;a D.the;the【答案】C【】【詳解】句意：作為一名教師，為學生做一個好榜樣是很重要的?？疾楣谠~的用法。a/an不定冠詞，表示泛指，the定冠詞，表示特指。兩處均表示泛指“一個”，teacher和good都是以輔音音素開頭的單詞，都用a。故選C。2.—Whichcolourdoyoulike,redorblue?—________.Ilikegreen.A.Either B.Both C.Neither D.None【答案】C【】【分析】【詳解】句意：——你喜歡什么顏色，紅色還是藍色？——都不喜歡。我喜歡綠色?？疾榇~辨析。Either兩者中任何一個；Both兩者都；Neither兩者都不；None三者或三者以上都不。根據(jù)選項“redorblue”和空后“Ilikegreen.”可知，空處應是表示“兩者都不”。故選C。3.China’sfirstMarsrover,Zhurong,toucheddownontheRedPlanet_______May15,2021.A.on B.in C.at D.to【答案】A【】【詳解】句意：中國首個火星探測器“祝融”于2021年5月15日在火星上著陸。考查介詞辨析。on其后加星期或具體的時間；in其后加早中晚/季節(jié)/月份/年份等；at其后加時間點等；to到。根據(jù)“May15,2021”可知，是具體的某一天，故選A。4.Ican’tbelieveyoumadethelife—likecatoutofpaper.How_______youare!A.loyal B.creative C.helpful D.organized【答案】B【】【詳解】句意：真不敢相信你用紙做了一只栩栩如生的貓。你多么有創(chuàng)造力呀！考查形容詞辨析。loyal忠誠的；creative有創(chuàng)造力的；helpful有幫助的；organized有組織的。根據(jù)“Ican’tbelieveyoumadethelife—likecatoutofpaper”可知，感嘆對方很有創(chuàng)造力，故選B。5.—________doyouplaybasketballwithyourfriends?—Onlyonceaweek.A.Howlong B.Howmuch C.Howsoon D.Howoften【答案】D【】【分析】【詳解】句意：——你多久和你的朋友打一次籃球？——一周一次?？疾樘厥庖蓡柧?。howlong多久，多長；howmuch多少；howsoon多久以后；howoften多久一次。根據(jù)回答“Onlyonceaweek.”可知，此處是問頻率，應該用howoften提問。故選D。6.—HaveyouwatchedthefilmGulliver’sTravels?—Yes,I________itduringtheSpringFestival.Whataboutyou?A.watch B.watched C.willwatch D.havewatched【答案】B【】【詳解】句意：——你看過《格列佛游記》這部電影嗎？——看過，我在春節(jié)期間看的。你呢？考查一般過去時。根據(jù)“duringtheSpringFestival”可知，動作發(fā)生在過去，用一般過去時，故選B。7.We________seewhichwaytogoifthestarsdonottwinkle（閃耀）so.A.cannot B.shouldnot C.mustnot D.neednot【答案】A【】【分析】【詳解】句意：如果星星不這樣閃爍，我們就不能看見往哪個方向走?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。cannot不能；shouldnot不應該；mustnot不必、不允許；neednot不需要。根據(jù)“ifthestarsdonottwinkle（閃耀）so.”結合“We…seewhichwaytogo”，可知如果星星不這樣閃爍，我們就不能看見往哪個方向走，因此用cannot“不能”，故選A。8.—HowdidyoucometoBaoying?—Byhigh-speedrail.It________meonly28minutestogethere.A.spent B.paid C.lost D.took【答案】D【】【詳解】句意：——你是怎么來寶應的？——坐高鐵。只花了我28分鐘就到了這里?？疾閯釉~辨析。spent花費，主語是人；paid付款，主語是人；lost失去；took花費，主語是it或物。根據(jù)“It…meonly28minutestogethere.”可知，此處是“ittakes/tooksb+時間+todosth”句型，故選D。9.Inmanycountries,peopleputtheirfingersuptotheirmouths________silence.A.askfor B.askingfor C.toaskfor D.askedfor【答案】C【】【詳解】句意：在許多國家，人們把手指放在嘴里要求安靜?？疾榉侵^語動詞。分析“peopleputtheirfingersuptotheirmouths…silence”可知，此處表示目的，用動詞不定式作目的狀語，故選C。10.—Wecanalwaysfindsomethinggoodinabad________ifwelookforit.—It’ssotrue.Let’smakefulluseofwhatcomes.A.situation B.direction C.instruction D.competition【答案】A【】【詳解】句意：——如果我們?nèi)ふ?，總能在逆境中找到好的東西?！珜α?。讓我們充分利用所得到的?？疾槊~辨析。situation情況；direction方向；instruction指導；competition比賽。根據(jù)“Wecanalwaysfindsomethinggoodinabad…”可知，此處指“在不好的情況下/在逆境中”，故選A。11.Hesaidthathewouldpasstheexamandthis________tobetrue.A.turnedout B.putout C.brokeout D.triedout【答案】A【】【詳解】句意：他說他會通過考試，結果果真如此。考查動詞短語辨析。turnedout結果是；putout撲滅；brokeout爆發(fā)；triedout試驗。根據(jù)“Hesaidthathewouldpasstheexamandthis…tobetrue.”可知，此處強調(diào)結果，故選A。12.________wealwayswaitforanotherday,fruitlesslyourlifewillpassaway.A.Until B.If C.Although D.Whether【答案】B【】【分析】【詳解】句意：如果我們總是等待另一天，我們的生命將徒勞地逝去?？疾檫B詞辨析。Until直到……；If如果；Although雖然；Whether是否。分析前后句句意，前句是后句動作發(fā)生的條件，故空處連詞應用if，如果。故選B。13.—Dowehavetoreadanythingnextweek,MrWu?—Sure,You________toreadBlackBeautyfrompages58to85.A.wereexpected B.willexpect C.areexpecting D.areexpected【答案】D【】【分析】【詳解】句意：——吳老師，下周我們一定要讀一些什么嗎?——當然，你們要讀《黑駿馬》從58頁到85頁?？疾橐话悻F(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)上文“Dowehavetoreadanythingnextweek,MrWu?”結合“Sure,You…toreadBlackBeautyfrompages58to85.”可知主語和謂語動詞expect之間存在邏輯上的動賓關系，因此用被動語態(tài)，句子時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，即be+動詞的過去分詞，主語是you，be動詞用are，expect的過去分詞是expected，故選D。14.—Bytheway,couldyoutellus________?—FromtheInternet.A.whyareyouinterestedinourcompanyB.whyyouareinterestedinourcompanyC.wheredidyouhearaboutourcompanyD.whereyouheardaboutourcompany【答案】D【】【詳解】句意：——順便問一下，你能告訴我們你是在哪里聽說我們公司的嗎？——從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。考查賓語從句。此處是賓語從句，用陳述語序，排除AC；根據(jù)答語“FromtheInternet.”可知，強調(diào)出處，故選D。15.—AreyourparentsagainstyourleavinghometoworkinShanghai?—________.Theysaytherearemorechancesinbigcities.A.Don’tmentionit B.Ofcoursenot C.That’sallright D.Withpleasure【答案】B【】【詳解】句意：——你的父母反對你離開家到上海工作嗎？——當然不。他們說在大城市有更多的機會?？疾榍榫敖浑H。Don’tmentionit不客氣；Ofcoursenot當然不；That’sallright沒關系；Withpleasure樂意效勞。根據(jù)“Theysaytherearemorechancesinbigcities.”可知，父母不反對，故選B。二、完形填空（共15小題;每小題1分,計15分）閱讀下面短文，從文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。OneSaturdayafternoon,AmyfoundMegandJogettingwelldressed.TheyweregoingtothetheaterwithLaurie.Shewantedtocome.“Ican’ttakeyou,dear,becauseyouaren’t___16___,”beganMeg,butJocutin___17___“Youcan’tgo,Amy.LaurieinvitedonlyMegandme.”Amycried,“You’llbe___18___this,JoMarch.”WhileJoandMegwereatthetheater,Amy___19___Jo’sbookofwritings.Jo’slovingworkofseveralyearswasgoneinthefire.Thatnight,MotheraskedJotoforgive（原諒）hersister,butJo___20___.Thenextday,JowenttotheriverwithLaurietoskateontheice.Amyfollowedthem.Josawhercomingandturnedherback.ButLauriedidnot___21___Amy.HewarnedJotostayawayfromthemiddleoftheriver.Theicetherewas___22___.Joheardhim,butAmydidnot.SomethingturnedJoround.ShehappenedtoseeAmythrowupherhandsandgodown,withascaringcry.Theice___23___.JotriedtocallLaurie,buther___24___wasgone.Shetriedtorushforward,butherfeetseemedtohaveno___25___inthem.Laurie’svoicecriedout,“Bringarail（橫桿）,Jo.Quick,quick!”Sheneverknew___26___shedidit,butforthenextfewminutessheworked,blindlyobeyingLaurie.Togethertheygotthechildout.Amywasmorescaredthan___27___.WhenMotherhadputAmytobed,Jowhispered,“Areyousuresheis___28___.Quitesafe,dear.Sheisnothurt,andwon’tevencatchcold,”repliedhermothercheerfully.“Mother,Ihadkeptmyanger___29___itgrewsostrong.Today,without___30___,itmighthavebeentoolate.Oh,Mother,whatshallIdo?”“Angercanmakeusdoverybadthingstopeoplewelove.Wemustlearntocontrolouranger,”saidMrsMarch.JolookedatAmyinherbedandgaveherabigkiss.—TakenfromLittleWomen16.A.invited B.hired C.trained D.interviewed17.A.curiously B.politely C.impatiently D.uncertainly18.A.tiredof B.confidentof C.famousfor D.sorryfor19.A.burnedup B.gotup C.putup D.setup20.A.regretted B.refused C.agreed D.cheered21.A.hold B.hear C.treat D.see22.A.thin B.strong C.dirty D.narrow23.A.broke B.froze C.shook D.gathered24.A.sound B.pronunciation C.voice D.courage25.A.energy B.strength C.challenge D.noise26.A.whatever B.when C.where D.how27.A.worried B.hurt C.trapped D.bored28.A.asleep B.alive C.safe D.generous29.A.after B.unless C.because D.till30.A.Amy B.Meg C.Laurie D.you【答案】16.A17.C18.D19.A20.B21.D22.A23.A24.C25.B26.D27.B28.C29.D30.C【】【分析】本文節(jié)選自《小婦人》，講述姐妹之間發(fā)生的故事?！?6題詳解】句意：我不能帶你去，親愛的，因為你沒被邀請。invited邀請；hired雇傭；trained訓練；interviewed采訪。根據(jù)“LaurieinvitedonlyMegandme.”可知，Amy沒有被邀請，故選A?！?7題詳解】句意：可Jo不耐煩地打斷了她。curiously好奇地；politely禮貌地；impatiently不耐心地；uncertainly不確定地。根據(jù)“Youcan’tgo,Amy.”可知，Jo很不耐煩，故選C?！?8題詳解】句意：你會后悔的，JoMarch。tiredof厭煩；confidentof自信；famousfor出名；sorryfor抱歉，后悔。根據(jù)“Amycried”和“Jo’slovingworkofseveralyearswasgoneinthefire.”可知，Amy威脅Jo，并且燒掉了Jo的書，“后悔”符合語境，故選D?！?9題詳解】句意：當Jo和Meg去劇院時，Amy把Jo的著作燒掉了。burnedup燒掉；gotup起床；putup張貼；setup設立。根據(jù)“Jo’slovingworkofseveralyearswasgoneinthefire.”可知，是燒掉了，故選A。【20題詳解】句意：那天晚上，母親請求Jo原諒她妹妹，可Jo拒絕了。regretted后悔；refused拒絕；agreed同意；cheered歡呼。根據(jù)“but”可知，前后句意出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折，“拒絕”符合語境，故選B?！?1題詳解】句意：可是Laurie沒有看見Amy。hold舉辦；hear聽見；treat對待；see看見。根據(jù)“Josawhercomingandturnedherback.ButLauriedidnot…Amy.”可知，Jo看見了Amy，但是Laurie卻沒看見，故選D。【22題詳解】句意：那里的冰很薄。thin瘦的；strong強壯的；dirty臟的；narrow狹窄的。根據(jù)“HewarnedJotostayawayfromthemiddleoftheriver.”可知，Laurie警告Jo不要到河中央去，因為冰很薄，故選A?！?3題詳解】句意：冰破了。broke打破；froze冷凍；shook搖動；gathered聚集。根據(jù)“ShehappenedtoseeAmythrowupherhandsandgodown,withascaringcry.”可知，Amy掉了下去，所以冰破了，故選A?！?4題詳解】句意：Jo想叫Laurie，可她的聲音聽不見了。sound聲音；pronunciation發(fā)音；voice嗓音；courage勇氣。根據(jù)“JotriedtocallLaurie,buther…wasgone.”可知，Jo想叫但是發(fā)出的聲音聽不到了，人的聲音是嗓音，故選C。【25題詳解】句意：她試圖向前沖去，但她的腳似乎沒有了力量。energy能量；strength力量；challenge挑戰(zhàn)；noise噪音。根據(jù)“Shetriedtorushforward,butherfeetseemedtohaveno…inthem.”可知，她的腳沒了力氣，沒辦法向前沖，故選B?！?6題詳解】句意：她不知道自己是怎么做到的，但接下來的幾分鐘里，她盲目地服從Laurie。whatever無論什么；when何時；where哪里；how如何。分析“Sheneverknew…shedidit”可知，本句不缺成分，強調(diào)方式，故選D?！?7題詳解】句意：跟受傷相比，Amy更害怕。worried擔心的；hurt受傷的；trapped困住的；bored無聊的。根據(jù)“Sheisnothurt,andwon’tevencatchcold”可知，她沒受傷，只是很害怕，故選B?！?8題詳解】句意：你確定她安全嗎？asleep睡著的；alive活著的；safe安全的；generous慷慨的。根據(jù)“Quitesafe”可知，是安全的，故選C。【29題詳解】句意：媽媽，我一直把我的怒氣壓得很厲害。after在……之后；unless除非；because因為；till直到。分析“Ihadkeptmyanger…itgrewsostrong.”可知，此處表示“一直把怒氣壓得很厲害”，用till引導時間狀語從句，故選D?！?0題詳解】句意：今天，沒有Laurie，一切可能都太遲了。Amy艾米；Meg梅格；Laurie勞里；you你。根據(jù)前文描述可知，多虧了Laurie，不然可能會有生命危險，故選C。三、閱讀理解（共15小題;每小題2分,計30分）閱讀下列內(nèi)容,從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。AIsitpossibletohaveadiet（日常飲食）that’sbothhealthyandfriendlytoourplanet?Hereareanswerstoyoureco-friendlyfoodquestions.DoeswhatIeatinfluenceclimate（氣候）change?Yes.Theworld’sfoodsystemisresponsiblefor（為……負責）aboutonequarteroftheplanet—warminggreenhousegasesthathumansproduceeachyear.Thatincludesraisingandharvestingalltheplants,animals,andanimalproductsweeat,aswellasprocessing,packaging,andshippingfoodtomarketsallovertheworld.Whichfoodshavethelargestinfluence?Ingeneral,beefandlambhavethebiggestclimatefootprintpergramofproteinwhileplant—basedfoodslikebeans,rice,cornandwheathavethesmallestinfluence.Pork,chicken,eggsaresomewhereinthemiddle.IsthereasimplefoodchoiceIcanmake?Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhoeatameat—heavydietcanreducetheirfood—relatedfootprintbyonethirdormorebymovingtoavegandiet—nomeat,dairy（乳制品）,oreggs.Ifyoudon’twanttogothatfar,justeatlessmeat.CanIreallymakeadifferencetoourplanet?Weneedmorefoodtofeedtheworld’sgrowingpopulation.Onepersonalonecanmakeonlyatinydifference.Ifmanypeoplemakechangestotheirdiets,thatwillstarttoaddup.Itwillmakeagreaterdifferenceiftheworld’sheaviestmeateatersmakesomechangestotheirdiets.31.Accordingtothepassage,whichfoodshavethesmallestinfluenceonourplanet?A.Beefandlamb. B.Riceandcorn. C.Chickenandpork. D.Beansandbeef.32.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Onepersonalonemakesnodifferencetoourplanet.B.Shippingfoodalovertheworldhasnoinfluenceonclimatechange.C.Alltheplanet—warminggreenhousegasescomefromthefoodsystem.D.Meateaterscanreducetheirfood—relatedfootprintbyeatinglessmeat.33.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Howtoproducemoremeat B.Howtomakemoreplant—basedfoodsC.Howtoeatbetterfortheplanet D.Howtoaskeco—friendlyfoodquestions【答案】31.B32.D33.C【】【分析】本文是圍繞環(huán)保食品的四個問題進行了解答，分別是：吃什么會影響氣候變化；哪些食物影響最大；能做出簡單的食物選擇嗎；真的能改變我們的星球嗎?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“plant—basedfoodslikebeans,rice,cornandwheathavethesmallestinfluence”可知，豆類、大米、玉米和小麥等植物性食品的影響最小，故選B。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“heavydietcanreducetheirfood—relatedfootprintbyonethirdormorebymovingtoavegandiet—nomeat,dairy（乳制品）,oreggs.Ifyoudon’twanttogothatfar,justeatlessmeat”可知，肉食者可以通過少吃肉來減少與食物相關的碳足跡，所以D表述正確，故選D?！?3題詳解】最佳標題。根據(jù)“Isitpossibletohaveadiet（日常飲食）that’sbothhealthyandfriendlytoourplanet?Hereareanswerstoyoureco-friendlyfoodquestions”可知，本文主要通過回答四個環(huán)保食品的問題來告訴大家如何為地球吃得更好，故選C。BRoberta,PeterandPhyllislivedinalargehouseinLondon.Fatherworkedhardinagovernmentoffice.Hewasneverangryandalwaysreadyforagame.Motherwasalmostathome,readytoplaywiththechildren,andreadtothem,andhelpthemdotheirhome—lessons.Thesethreeluckychildrenalwayshadeverythingtheyneeded:prettyclothes,goodfires,alovelyplayroomandadogcalledJames.Theyhadahappylife,buttheydidnotknowhowhappytilltheprettylifeinthelargehousewasover.Peterhadatoyengineanditbroke.Afterdinner,PetershowedFathertheengine.FatherlookeditoverandpromisedtodoitonSaturday.AtthatmomenttwomencametoseeFather.Minutespassed.Father’svoicecameoutfromthestudy,loudandangry.Moretimepassed.ThenMothercameinandsaid,“Father’sbeencalledaway—onbusiness.”Aweekaftertheirfatherwentaway,theirmothersaid,“Now,we’regoingtomovetothecountry.Aprettylittlewhitehouse,calledThreeChimneys.”Thefamilystartedpacking:clothes,plates,candlesandalsotablesandchairs.“Weseemtobetakingalltheuglythings,”saidRoberta.“We’retakingtheusefulones,”saidMother.“We’vegottoplayatbeingpoorforabit.”Petersaidjoyously,“Idolikemoving!Iwishwemovedonceamonth.”Motherlaughedandsaid,“Idon’tlikemoving!”Assheturnedaway,Robertasawherface.Sheneverforgotit.“Oh,Mother,”shewhispered,“howIloveyou!Youarebraveenoughtolaughwhenyou’refeelinglikethat!”ThentheytookatraintoThreeChimneys.NooneknewhowlongtheyhadbeeninthetrainwhenMotherwokethemup.Theystoodinthecoldnightaironthedarkplatform.Atthatmomenttheydidn’tknowhowimportantthestationandthetrainswouldbecometothem.Theydidn’tknowtheyweregoingtobetherailwaychildren.—TakenfromTheRailwayChildren34.ThefamilypackedthingslikeplatesandcandlesbecauseMotherthoughttheywere________.A.useful B.new C.expensive D.beautiful35.Whichofthefollowingquestionsisansweredinthispassage?A.HowdidPeter’stoyenginebreak?B.Whenwouldthechildren’sfatherbehome?C.WhatwasthefamilylikebeforeFatherwasaway?D.Whatwasthefamily’slifelikeinThreeChimneys?36.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Phylliswantedtomoveahouseonceamonth.B.Fathersaidgoodbyetothechildrenwhenheleft.C.MotherwantedtoleaveLondonandmovetothecountryD.Motherwasbraveenoughtolaughwhenshewasfeelingsad.37.Whatcanweinfer（推斷）fromtheunderlinedsentencesinthelastparagraph?A.Thechildrendon’tliketheirlifeinLondon.B.Thestationhasnothingtodowiththefamily’sfuturelife.C.Somethingisgoingtohappentothechildrenlaterinthestory.D.Parentscanbetterdealwithlifechangesthantheirchildren.【答案】34.A35.C36.D37.C【】【分析】文章大意：本文節(jié)選自《鐵路少年》，講述了三個幸運的孩子在爸爸被捕前過著幸福的生活，爸爸被捕后，媽媽帶著他們被迫搬到鐵路附近鄉(xiāng)下的故事?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)““We’retakingtheusefulones,”saidMother.”可知，媽媽認為它們是有用的，故選A。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Fatherworkedhardinagovernmentoffice.Hewasneverangryandalwaysreadyforagame.Motherwasalmostathome,readytoplaywiththechildren,andreadtothem,andhelpthemdotheirhome—lessons.”父親在政府部門辛勤工作。他從不生氣，總是準備好玩游戲。媽媽快到家了，準備和孩子們一起玩，念書給他們聽，幫他們做家庭功課。以及“Thesethreeluckychildrenalwayshadeverythingtheyneeded:prettyclothes,goodfires,alovelyplayroomandadogcalledJames.Theyhadahappylife,…”這三個幸運的孩子總是有他們需要的一切：漂亮的衣服，溫暖的爐火，一個可愛的游戲室和一只叫詹姆斯的狗。他們過著幸福的生活，……。可知文章中描述了在爸爸離開之前，家里是什么樣的，故選C。【36題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“"Oh,Mother,"shewhispered,"howIloveyou!Youarebraveenoughtolaughwhenyou’refeelinglikethat!"“啊，媽媽，”她低聲說，“我多么愛你！當你有這種感覺的時候，你有足夠的勇氣笑出來!””可以推知，媽媽很勇敢，當她難過的時候她還能保持微笑，故選D?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，爸爸被捕后，媽媽帶著他們搬到了鐵路附近的鄉(xiāng)下，結合“Atthatmomenttheydidn’tknowhowimportantthestationandthetrainswouldbecometothem.Theydidn’tknowtheyweregoingtobetherailwaychildren.在那一刻，他們根本不知道車站和火車對他們會有多么重要。他們不知道他們將成為鐵路兒童?！笨梢酝浦?，在這個故事中，孩子們將會發(fā)生一些事情。故選C。CAsamountain,1,642-footSquawPeakisn’tthatimpressive.Butitsviewsattractmanyhikers（遠足者）.HenryGrant,acollegestudentatIthacaCollege,wasoneofthem.WhilewaitingforhismotheronedayinAugust,2019,Grantwatchedotherhikersenjoytheview.Onehiker,dressedinpink,waslookingoverthelipofthecliff（懸崖）withherhusband.WhenGrant’smotherrejoinedhim,thetwocontinuedontheirway.Suddenly,heheardsomethingscaring:“Paula!Paula!”amanshoutedcrazily.Grantturnedaroundquickly.________Severalhikersimmediatelystartedlookingforher,buttheirviewwasscreenedbytrees.Uncertaintheycouldhelp,Grantandhismotherheadeddownthetrail.Butwhenhesawsomehikersstillsearching,hedecidedtolendahand.Afterpromisinghismotherthathewouldbesafe,hewentonalone.After15minutesofclimbingoverlargerocks,pushingpastbushes,andslipping（滑）downlooseearth,Grantfoundapinkfigure.Thewomanhadfallenabout75feet.Luckily,shewasalive.“Paula!Paula!”Grantshouted.Thewomandidn’treply.Shewasbadlyhurt.Grantcalledthepolicetoreportherlocation.Shekepttryingtomove,andeverytimeshemoved,sheslippedalittlemore.Afraidthatinherunclearstateofmindshemightfallofftherocktoherdeath,Grantclimbedonallfoursupatight,narrowpathbydiggingintotheearthwithhisfingersandfeetuntilhereachedPaula.Paulawasmoaning,almostsenseless.Grantgentlyputherhandinhis,tryingtokeephermindoffthepainbykeepingaskingherquestions:“Whereareyoufrom?Doyouhavekids?”Soon,theywerejoinedontheirperch（歇腳處）byanotherhikernamedSimon.About45minuteslater,firstrescuers（救援者）arrived.Paulaandherhusbandwereflowntoahospital.Fivehoursafterthewomaninpinkhadfallen,GrantwasbackontopofSquawPeak.38.WhichsentenceshouldgointheemptylineinParagraph3?A.HeranasfastaspossibletosavePaula.B.Hismotherturnedaroundatthesametime.C.Thewomaninpinkwasnowheretobeseen.D.Otherhikerswerescaredbytheterribleshout.39.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.GranthadnodifficultyinreachingPaula.B.SimonandGrant’smotherjoinedinsavingPaula.C.Paulaandherhusbandwerebothbadlywoundedandsaved.D.GrantaskedPaulaquestionstokeephermindoffthepain.40.Theunderlinedword“they”inParagraph7refersto（指的是）________.A.firstrescuers B.PaulaandGrantC.Grantandhismother D.Paulaandherhusband41.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Howawomanfell75feetfromamountaincliff.B.Howayoungmantriedhisbesttosaveastranger.C.Howawomanmanagedtosurviveaterribleaccident.D.Howayoungmanmadeadecisioninfaceofdanger.【答案】38.C39.D40.B41.B【】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，向我們介紹Grant盡力拯救陌生人的故事?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Onehiker,dressedinpink,waslookingoverthelipofthecliff（懸崖）withherhusband.”和“Severalhikersimmediatelystartedlookingforher”可推知，此處應該是描述穿粉色衣服的女士的狀況，“那個穿粉紅色衣服的女人不見了”符合語境，故選C。39題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Paulawasmoaning,almostsenseless.Grantgentlyputherhandinhis,tryingtokeephermindoffthepainbykeepingaskingherquestions”可知，Grant不停地問她問題，試圖讓她忘記痛苦。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Paulawasmoaning,almostsenseless.Grantgentlyputherhandinhis,tryingtokeephermindoffthepainbykeepingaskingherquestions”可知，Paula呻吟著，幾乎失去了知覺；Grant輕輕地把她的手放在自己的手里，不停地問她問題，試圖讓她忘記痛苦。此處they指的是Paula和Grant，故選B。【41題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本文向我們介紹Grant盡力拯救陌生人的故事。故選B。DEverwonderedwhyyourvirtual（虛擬的）homehelperdoesn'tunderstandyourquestions?Orwhyyournavigationapptookyouonthesidestreetinsteadofthehighway?InastudypublishedApril21stinthejournaliScience,Italianresearchers,AriannaPipitoneandAntonioChella,designedarobotthat“thinksoutloud”.Toexplorehowinnerspeechmightinfluencearobot’sactions,theresearchersbuiltarobotcalledPepperthatspeakstoitself.Ithastheabilitytoreasonandthink.TheythenaskedpeopletosetthedinnertablewithPepperaccordingtoetiquette（禮儀）rules.Inoneexperiment,theuseraskedPeppertolaythenapkinatthewrongplace,goingagainsttherules.Pepperstartedaskingitselfaseriesofself-directedquestionsandconcludedthattheusermightbemistaken.Tobesure,Pepperconfirmedtheuser’sorder,whichledtofurtherinnerspeech.“Ehm,thissituationtroublesme.Iwouldneverbreaktherules,butIcan’tmaketheuserunhappy,soI’mdoingwhathewants,”Peppersaidtoitself,layingthenapkinwhereitwasrequiredtobe.ThroughPepper’sinnervoice,theusercanlearnPepperwasfacingadifficultsituationandsolveditbyprioritizingtheuser’sorder.ComparingPepper’sactionswithandwithoutinnerspeech,PipitoneandChelladiscoveredtherobothadahighertask-completionratewhenhavingself-dialogue.However,somepeoplefindtherobotspendsmoretimecompletingtaskswhenittalkstoitself.Therobot’sinnerspeechisalsolimitedtotheknowledgethatresearchersgaveit.Pepper’sdesignersstillsaytheirworkprovidesaframework（構架）tofurtherexplorehowself-dialoguecanhelprobotsfocus,plan,andlearn.“Insomeways,wearecreatingagenerational（世代的）robotthatlikestochat.Fromnavigationappsandthecameraonyourphonetomedicalrobotsintheoperationrooms,machinesandcomputersalikecantakeadvantageofthischattyfeature,”saysChella.42.Whydoesthewriterasktwoquestionsattheverybeginningofthepassage?A.Todrawthereader’sattentiontothetopic.B.ToshowthewriterlikeselectronicproductsC.Totellthereaderaboutthehistoryofrobots.D.Toprovethewriteroftenfacestroubleinlife.43.WhywasPepperaskedtolaythenapkinatthewrongplace?A.ToseehowmuchtimePepperspentlayingthenapkin.B.ToconfirmhowpopularPepperwasamongitsusers.C.TotesthowmanyetiquetterulesPepperrememberedD.Tostudyhowself-dialoguemightinfluencePepper’sactions.44.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prioritizing”inParagraph3mean?A.repeating B.dealingwith…first C.goingagainst D.complainingabout45.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.ThedesignersareproudoftheirworkaboutPepper.B.Pepperhasalreadybeeninuseintheoperationrooms.C.Pepper’sinnerspeechdependsonitsuser’scommunicationskills.D.Withorwithoutinnerspeech,Peppercouldcompleteataskequallywell.【答案】42.A43.D44.B45.A【】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，向我們介紹意大利研究人員AriannaPipitone和AntonioChella設計了一個能“自言自語”的機器人。【42題詳解】推理判斷題。作者開篇提出問題，是為了引起讀者注意，吸引讀者興趣，故選A?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Toexplorehowinnerspeechmightinfluencearobot’sactions,theresearchersbuiltarobotcalledPepperthatspeakstoitself…Inoneexperiment,theuseraskedPeppertolaythenapkinatthewrongplace,goingagainsttherules.”可知，Pepper被要求把餐巾放在錯誤的地方是為了研究自我對話如何影響Pepper的行為。故選D?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測題。分析“ThroughPepper’sinnervoice,theusercanlearnPepperwasfacingadifficultsituationandsolveditbyprioritizingtheuser’sorder.”可知，通過Pepper的內(nèi)心聲音，用戶可以了解到Pepper正面臨著一個困難的情況，并通過優(yōu)先考慮用戶的要求來解決它。此處prioritizing的意思是“優(yōu)先考慮、處理”，故選B。【45題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，通過對Pepper的研究，后續(xù)可能會將此類機器人應用到更廣泛的領域，所以推測設計師們對他們的作品感到自豪。故選A。四、詞匯運用（共10小題;每小題1分,計10分）根據(jù)句子意思,用括號中所給漢語提示或英語單詞的適當形式填空。在答題卡標有題號的橫線上,寫出空缺處所填單詞的正確形式。（每空一詞）46.MyparentsandIhada_______journeytoHainan.(wonder)【答案】wonderful【】【詳解】句意：我和父母去海南的旅行很愉快。此處作定語修飾journey，用wonder的形容詞形式，故填wonderful。47.Thewallpaperwithcartoonpatternsisidealformy______room.(son).【答案】son’s【】【分析】【詳解】句意：帶有卡通圖案的壁紙很適合我兒子的房間。son“兒子”，名詞，設空處修飾后面的名詞room，因此應用其所有格形式，故填son’s。48.Thenextmorninghegotup______thanbeforetopractisefootball.(early).【答案】earlier【】【詳解】句意：第二天早上，他比平時起得更早去練習踢足球。根據(jù)“than”可知，此處應用副詞比較級修飾動詞，故填earlier。49.Foralongtimeinhistory,peopledepended_______onhorsestotradegoods.(great)【答案】greatly【】【詳解】句意：在很長一段時間的歷史上，人們很大程度上依賴馬來進行貨物貿(mào)易。此處在句中修飾動詞depend，用副詞形式，故填greatly。50.ZhangRuoxu,aTangDynastypoet,iswidely_______forhispoemAMoonlitNightontheSpringRiver.(know)【答案】known【】【詳解】句意：唐代詩人張若虛以《春江花月夜》聞名于世。beknownfor以……而聞名，用形容詞作表語，故填known。51.Jackenjoys_______andsunbathingwithhisfriends.（游泳）【答案】swimming【】【詳解】句意：Jack喜歡和朋友一起游泳和日光浴。根據(jù)中文提示，swim表示“游泳”，enjoydoingsth“喜歡做某事”，動名詞作賓語，故填swimming。52.IpromisedLiMingIwouldkeepthesecretto_______.（我自己）【答案】myself【】【詳解】句意：我答應李明要保守秘密。keepthesecrettooneself保守秘密，myself我自己，反身代詞，故填myself。53.Sofar,Chinahasbuiltnearly600,000culturalcentersin______.（村莊）【答案】villages【】【詳解】句意：迄今為止，中國已在農(nóng)村建設了近60萬個文化館。village村莊，此處表示復數(shù)含義，使用名詞復數(shù)，故填villages。54.I’mnotsurehowIfeelaboutthat,withmy______birthdaycoming.（第十八）【答案】eighteenth【】【詳解】句意：隨著我18歲生日的臨近，我不知道我對此有什么感覺。eighteenth第十八，序數(shù)詞作定語修飾birthday，表示順序，故填eighteenth。55.Thereisalowbrickwall_______thegardenandthefieldbeyond.（在……之間）【答案】between【】【分析】【詳解】句意：在花園和田野之間有一堵低矮的磚墻。在……之間（兩者）：between，介詞。故填between。五、任務型閱讀（共10空;每空1分,計10分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文中的信息完成文后表格。在答題卡標有題號的橫線上，寫出空缺處所填單詞的正確形式。（每空一詞）Readingisfun!Youcanalsoanalyzetexts（文本）tolearnmorefromthetextsandaboutthetexts.Onewayyoucandothiswithfictionbooks,passages,orpoemsisbyexploringtheirthemes.Athemeisacentralidearunningthroughoutthetext,connectingthecharactersandevents.Thewritermayexpresshisorherthoughtsabouthumanityoraworldviewthroughatheme.Themescanbeideaslikefriendship,bravery,love,honestyorfamily.Makesureyouknowwhatthewriterissaying.Sometimes,themesarehardtofindout.First,thethememaynotbeabletobeincludedinjustonewordliketheexamplesabove.Theremayalsobemorethanonethemeinthetext.What’smore,somethemesarenotpresentedinthewordsdirectly.Youhavetousecluesinthetextstofindthem.Tostartexploringthetheme,firstyouneedtomakesureyou’vereadthewholetext.Sincethemesdevelopovertime,youcan’tfullyunderstandtheunderlyingthemesuntiltheendofthetext.Then,askyourselftosumup（概括）thetextandtrytoworkouta“bigidea”.Forexample,didmanycharactersresolveproblemswiththeirfamilies?Iftherewasonlyonesmallproblemwithacharacter’sfamily,then“family”mightnotbethethemeofthetext.Finally,afterfindingouta“bigidea”,gothroughthetexttofindexamplesthatsupportthisidea.Youneedn’trepeateverydetailofthestory-afewkeyexampleswillbefine.Nowyouarereadytoexplorethethemeofatext!Exploringthe___56___ofatextMainpointsDetailedinformation___57___isatheme?●