大學(xué)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)第一單元

CollegeEnglish1

FENGPengpeng12UnitsTravelFamilyLifeHolidaysandFestivalsEducationLeisureTimeSportsandExercisesScienceandTechnologyMediaHealthSocialIssuesAllAboutFoodCrossingCulturesOutlineofeachunitConversationIdiomaticStudyTextBExercisesConversationReadingComprehensionVocabularyandStructureClozeTranslationWritingUnit1TravelTextA

Conversation:AirTravelAirTravelAnn,anundergraduatefromauniversityinGuangzhou,isflyingtoLosAngelswhereshewillstayfor6monthsasanexchangestudent.ThisisherfirsttriptotheUnitedStates.She’ssittingnexttoGreg,abusinessmanfromSanFranciscowhomshe’snevermetbefore.

vocabularyanundergraduate:n.本科生e.g.undergraduatecourse大學(xué)本科課程undergraduateeducation大學(xué)本科教育undergraduatelibrary大學(xué)本科生圖書(shū)館anexchangestudent:n.交換學(xué)生exchange:交換，兌換e.g.stockexchange股票交易commodityexchange商品交易exchangerate匯率structureisflyingtoLosAngelswhereshewillstayfor6monthsBedoingsth.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（表示現(xiàn)在--說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)--正在發(fā)生的事情）e.g.Wearewaitingforyou.Where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，相當(dāng)于“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用

e.g.Beijingistheplacewhere(inwhich)Iwasborn.北京是我的出生地。structureabusinessmanfromSanFranciscowhomshe’snevermetbeforeWhom引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞。E.g.Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.

他就是我昨天見(jiàn)的那個(gè)人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語(yǔ)）翻譯Ann,anundergraduatefromauniversityinGuangzhou,isflyingtoLosAngelswhereshewillstayfor6monthsasanexchangestudent.ThisisherfirsttriptotheUnitedStates.She’ssittingnexttoGreg,abusinessmanfromSanFranciscowhomshe’snevermetbefore.

安，一位來(lái)自廣州某高校的本科生，正乘機(jī)飛往洛杉磯。作為交換生，她將在洛杉磯生活六個(gè)月。這是她首次赴美。她坐在一位來(lái)自舊金山的商人格雷格的身邊。他倆素不相識(shí)。Captain:LadiesandGentleman,thisisthecaptainspeaking.Wewillbe

landinginabout15minutes.Thecurrent

temperatureis85degrees.Flightattendantwillbehandingout

customsdeclarationformsandI-94forms.Pleasecompletethembeforelanding.vocabularycaptain:n.

船長(zhǎng)；機(jī)長(zhǎng)land:v.著陸e.g.Thepassengerswerelandedassoonastheshipreachedharbour.船一抵港，乘客便立即登陸了.Thepilotlandedtheairlinersafely.飛行員使客機(jī)安全降落.

vocabularycurrentadj.

當(dāng)前的；現(xiàn)在的e.g.tocatchupwiththecurrenttrendofthemarket抓住市場(chǎng)的脈搏Ourcurrentcontractisabouttoexpire.我們現(xiàn)有合同快要期滿(mǎn)了temperature:n.溫度high/lowtemperature高/低溫theaveragetemperature平均氣溫bodytemperature體溫vocabularyflightattendantn.

機(jī)組乘務(wù)員handoutv.

分發(fā)e.g.Ihandoutadvertisementsatalocalsupermarketafterschool.放學(xué)后我在當(dāng)?shù)氐某蟹职l(fā)廣告customsdeclarationformn.

海關(guān)申報(bào)表I-94formn.（入境美國(guó)需要填寫(xiě)的）出入境卡completev.完成completeadifficulttask完成困難的任務(wù)Ihavecompletedabook.我寫(xiě)完了一部書(shū).structurewillbedoingsth.將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)（表示將來(lái)某時(shí)進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作，或按預(yù)測(cè)將來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生的事情）e.g.She'llbecomingsoon.I'llbemeetinghimsometimeinthefuture.常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：soon,tomorrow,thisevening，onSunday,bythistime，tomorrow,intwodays,tomorroweveningPleasecompletethembeforelanding.在通常情況下，介詞必須有自己的賓語(yǔ)。能充當(dāng)介詞賓語(yǔ)的成分很多，比如名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、從句等。在本句中介詞before的賓語(yǔ)由動(dòng)詞-ing充當(dāng)。翻譯Captain:LadiesandGentleman,thisisthecaptainspeaking.Wewillbe

landinginabout15minutes.Thecurrent

temperatureis85degrees.Flightattendantwillbehandingout

customsdeclarationformsandI-94forms.Pleasecompletethembeforelanding.機(jī)長(zhǎng)：女士們，先生們，我是本次航班的機(jī)長(zhǎng)。我們將于15分鐘后降落，目前氣溫是85華氏度。空乘人員將派發(fā)海關(guān)申報(bào)表和I-94表格，請(qǐng)于降落之前填寫(xiě)。TextA:AirTravelAnn:Excuseme,doyouhaveapenIcouldborrow?

Greg:Hereyouare.

Ann:Thankyou.

Greg:

Youarewelcome.askingfavorsofotherpeople&showingthanks

askingfavorsofotherpeople

&showingthanks

askingfavorsofotherpeopleWouldyoupleaseholdthedooropenforme?Wouldyoumindgivingmeapush?Mycarhasstalled.Wouldyoubesokindastoopenthiswindowforme?It'sstuck.Couldyoulendmetendollars?Ileftmywalletathome.I'dappreciateitifyouwouldturnoutthelights.I'msleepy.askingfavorsofotherpeople

&showingthanksShowingthanksThankyouverymuch.It'sverykindofyou.Thankyouforshowingmearound.Responses:Don'tmentionit.Itwasnothingreally.Youarewelcome.

TextA:AirTravelAnn:Excuseme,doyouhaveapenIcouldborrow?

Greg:Hereyouare.

Ann:Thankyou.

Greg:

Youarewelcome.安：打擾一下，能否借支鋼筆用一下？格雷格：給你。安：謝謝。格雷格：不用謝。TextA:AirTravelAnn:Sorrytobotheryouagain,butdoyouhappentoknowtheflightnumber?Greg:Umm,it’sFlight583.Ann:Thanks.Bytheway,I’mAnn.Nicetomeetyou.Greg:I’mGreg.Nicetomeetyou,too.IsthisyourfirsttriptotheStates?vocabularyandstructuresorrytobotheryou:很抱歉打擾你bother:打擾,擾亂；Excusemeforbotheringyou.對(duì)不起打攪了你Don’tbothermewithfoolishquestions.不要拿愚蠢的問(wèn)題來(lái)打擾我.happento:碰巧；恰好:

例句:Doyouhappentorememberhiscarnumber?你還記得他的車(chē)牌號(hào)碼嗎?vocabularyandstructurebytheway：順便提一下例句：Bytheway,whathappenedtothemoney?順便問(wèn)一句，那筆錢(qián)后來(lái)怎么樣了？conversation:--Nicetomeetyou. --Nicetomeetyou,too.

初次見(jiàn)面使用，表示 “很高興見(jiàn)到你”。也可以說(shuō)Gladtoseeyou./Gladtomeetyou./Fancymeetingyouhere.翻譯Ann:Sorrytobotheryouagain,butdoyouhappentoknowtheflightnumber?Greg:Umm,it’sFlight583.Ann:Thanks.Bytheway,I’mAnn.Nicetomeetyou.Greg:I’mGreg.Nicetomeetyou,too.IsthisyourfirsttriptotheStates?安：不好意思再打擾一下，您知道航班號(hào)嗎？格雷格：嗯，是583次航班。安：謝謝。對(duì)了，我叫安，很高興見(jiàn)到您。格雷格：我是格雷格，我也很高興見(jiàn)到您。這是你第一次去美國(guó)嗎？TextA:AirTravelAnn:Yes.I’mbothexcitedandnervous.WereyouinChinaonbusiness?Greg:Yes.MycompanysentmetoChinafortheCantonFair.Ann:Wow!IhavebeenaninterpreterattheCantonFairsinceIwasafreshman.Greg:Youhave?

Thatshouldbe

tough.vocabularyandstructureboth在連接詞中表示兩個(gè)e.g.Bothguestshavearrived.兩個(gè)客人都已到了。與and連用以表明并列短語(yǔ)或從句中的兩個(gè)事物之一均包含在內(nèi)e.g.Sheisanattorneywellregardedforbothintelligenceandhonesty.onbusiness出差e.g.Ican'tmisstheteno'clocktrain.I'mgoingtoBeijingonbusiness.我不能錯(cuò)過(guò)10點(diǎn)鐘的火車(chē)。我要出差去北京。

vocabularyandstructureinterpreter譯員，口譯者

e.g.serve(act)asinterpreterfor替某人擔(dān)任口譯.HisspeechwastranslatedintoEnglishbyhisinterpreter.他的演說(shuō)由譯員譯成了英語(yǔ).freshman(大學(xué))新生，一年級(jí)生；新手，初學(xué)者e.g.Thisismyfreshmanyearwiththecompany.這是我進(jìn)入公司的第一年.Maryisinherfreshmanyear.瑪麗大學(xué)一年級(jí)。

vocabularyandstructuretough:困難的；難解決的e.g.atoughproblem

棘手的問(wèn)題.

Thecompetitionwasreallytough.

競(jìng)爭(zhēng)確實(shí)十分激烈。OtherUsageof“tough”astoughasleather堅(jiān)韌如皮革toughsoldiers堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的戰(zhàn)士toughguy硬漢子翻譯Ann:Yes.I’mbothexcitedandnervous.WereyouinChinaonbusiness?Greg:Yes.MycompanysentmetoChinafortheCantonFair.Ann:Wow!IhavebeenaninterpreterattheCantonFairsinceIwasafreshman.Greg:Youhave?

Thatshouldbe

tough.安：是的，我既興奮又緊張。您來(lái)中國(guó)出差嗎？格雷格：是的，我的公司派我來(lái)參加廣交會(huì)。安：噢，我從大一起就去廣交會(huì)做口譯員了。格雷格：真的嗎？工作應(yīng)該不容易吧。TextA:AirTravelAnn:Yeah,longworkingday,endlesstalk…Butitwasalsorewarding.HowwasyourtriptoChina?

Greg:Oh,fantastic!

Ihadalotoffun.Whataboutyou?Areyouastudent?Ann:Yes.Asamatteroffact,IamanexchangestudentandwillstayinUCLAforhalfayear.vocabularyandstructurerewarding值得做的，有益的e.g.Nursingcanbeaveryrewardingjob

護(hù)理工作是一種很值得從事的工作。Shefindsmotherhoodveryrewarding.她認(rèn)為做母親得償所愿。conversation:--HowwasyourtriptoChina? --Oh,fantastic!how在此處詢(xún)問(wèn)事情進(jìn)展的情況vocabularyand

structureasamatteroffact

事實(shí)上；實(shí)際上e.g.Asamatteroffact,itishealththatcounts.事實(shí)上，健康才最重要。UCLA(UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles):apublicresearchuniversitylocatedinWestwood,LosAngeles,California,UnitedStates.agloballyrenowneduniversityandwasranked12thinNewsweek'sTop100Globaluniversitiesranking.翻譯Ann:Yeah,longworkingday,endlesstalk…Butitwasalsorewarding.HowwasyourtriptoChina?

Greg:Oh,fantastic!

Ihadalotoffun.Whataboutyou?Areyouastudent?Ann:Yes.Asamatteroffact,IamanexchangestudentandwillstayinUCLAforhalfayear.安：對(duì)啊，工作時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，交談起來(lái)沒(méi)完沒(méi)了……不過(guò)還是很有收獲。您的中國(guó)之行怎樣？格雷格：非常好，很有意思。你呢？你是學(xué)生？安：對(duì)，實(shí)際上，我是一名交換生，將在加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校學(xué)習(xí)半年。TextA:AirTravelGreg:Oh.Whatisyourmajor?Ann:Imajorinmediastudies.Greg:Soundsinteresting.Ann:AreyoufromLosAngels?Greg:No,I’mfromSanFrancisco.ButI’llstayinLosAngelsforacoupleofdaysbeforeIgobackhome.vocabularyandstructuremajor:n.專(zhuān)業(yè)v.以……為專(zhuān)業(yè)e.g.ImajorinEnglish.AreyoufromLosAngels? befrom:來(lái)自于……acoupleof：兩個(gè)，幾個(gè)couple：(一)對(duì),(一)雙YoucanstaywithmeforacoupleofdayswhenyoucometoGuangzhouforjob-hunting.翻譯Greg:Oh.Whatisyourmajor?Ann:Imajorinmediastudies.Greg:Soundsinteresting.Ann:AreyoufromLosAngels?Greg:No,I’mfromSanFrancisco.ButI’llstayinLosAngelsforacoupleofdaysbeforeIgobackhome.格雷格。哦。你學(xué)什么專(zhuān)業(yè)？安：我的專(zhuān)業(yè)是媒體學(xué)。格雷格：聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有意思。安：您是洛杉磯人嗎？格雷格：不是，我家在舊金山，但是回家之前我會(huì)在洛杉磯停留幾天。TextA:AirTravelFlightAttendant:Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasemakesureallyourformsarefilledoutandreadyalongwithyourpassportwhenyouleavetheplane.Wehopeyou’veenjoyedyourtrip.ThankyouforflyingNorthwest.vocabularyandstructuremakesure

確定，確認(rèn)例句：Anoptimiststaysupuntilmidnighttoseethenewyearin.apessimiststaysuptomakesuretheoldyearleaves.樂(lè)觀者呆至半夜以迎新年，悲觀者呆至半夜以別舊歲。fillout

填寫(xiě)Ihadtofilloutaformbeforegettingmylicense.

我在取得執(zhí)照前必須先填寫(xiě)表格。vocabularyandstructurealongwith連同...一起,隨同...一起e.g.throwoutthebabyalongwiththebath因噎廢食passport護(hù)照pass通過(guò)+port港口Hardworkwasherpassportto success.艱苦的工作是她獲得 成功的保證翻譯FlightAttendant:Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasemakesureallyourformsarefilledoutandreadyalongwithyourpassportwhenyouleavetheplane.Wehopeyou’veenjoyedyourtrip.ThankyouforflyingNorthwest.空乘人員：女士們，先生們，離機(jī)時(shí)請(qǐng)確認(rèn)所有表格已經(jīng)填妥，而且要拿好您的護(hù)照。我們希望您旅途愉快，感謝您乘坐西北航空的班機(jī)。TextA:AirTravelAnn:Thanksforthepen,andhaveagoodtripinLosAngels.

Greg:Youtoo.Enjoyyourstay.Conversation:showinggoodwishes--HaveagoodtripinLosAngels.--Youtoo.翻譯Ann:Thanksforthepen,andhaveagoodtripinLosAngels.

Greg:Youtoo.Enjoyyourstay.安：謝謝您借我鋼筆，祝您在洛杉磯旅行愉快。格雷格：你也是，祝你的美國(guó)之行愉快。IdiomaticStudyIdiomaticstudy:IntroductionsFormalintroductions:I’dliketointroduceyouto_______.Letmeintroduceyouto________.I’dlikeyoutomeet__________.FormalAnswers:(I’m)pleasedtomeetyou.(I’m)happytomeetyou.Idiomaticstudy:IntroductionsInformalintroductions:Thisis____________.I’dliketointroduceyoutooneofmycolleagues,Mr.JohnSmith.John,thisisSarahJones,ournewdirector.InformalAnswers:(It’s)nicetomeetyou.(It’s)nicemeetingyou.(I’m)gladtomeetyou.It’sbeenapleasuremeetingyou.Idiomaticstudy:IntroductionsWhenyoustartaconversationwithsomeoneyoudon’tknow,youmaysay:(Excuseme,but)Idon’tthinkwe’vemet.Mynameis__________.I’m_____.Nicetomeetyou.TextB:KeyTravelTipsforStudentskey:adj.重要的,關(guān)鍵的

Self-confidenceisthekeyfactorinanysuccessfulcareer.自信是任何成功之道的關(guān)鍵因素。tip:n.提示,技巧

Ihavetoaskhimtogivemeafewtips.

我得讓他教我?guī)渍?。TextB:KeyTravelTipsforStudents Forthosewhoareplanningtheirfirsttripabroad,AliceDriverofferssomefundamentaltips.Who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)trip:旅行abroad:在國(guó)外goabroad出國(guó)studyabroad出國(guó)留學(xué)fundamental:adj.基礎(chǔ)的,基本的thefundamentallawsoftheuniverse宇宙間的基本規(guī)律Forthosewhoareplanningtheirfirsttripabroad,AliceDriverofferssomefundamentaltips.Who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)abroad:國(guó)外offer:提供fundamental:基本的Para.1Language.Ifyouaregoingtotravelinacountrybutyoudon’tspeakitsofficiallanguage,startlearningbeforeyouleaveandmakeeveryefforttopracticeyourskillsatyourdestination.Ifyouknowevenafewwordsofthelocallanguage,youcanbecomeatravelerratherthanatourist.Youcantalktopeopleintownsandvillagesandlearnaboutlifefromtheirperspective.Atleast

tryingtospeaktheirlanguagewillgainyoutheirrespect.Para.1If

引導(dǎo)真實(shí)條件句，用于陳述語(yǔ)氣，假設(shè)的情況可能發(fā)生典型例題

Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit___.

A.willrain

B.rains

C.rained

D.israined

答案B。真實(shí)條件句主句為將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

vocabularyandstructurebegoingto+不定式，表示將來(lái)。a.主語(yǔ)的意圖，即將做某事。Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?b.計(jì)劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。c.有跡象要發(fā)生的事Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorme.g.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.

vocabularyandstructureofficiallanguage：alanguagethatisgivenaspeciallegalstatusinaparticularcountry,state,orotherterritory.官方語(yǔ)言startlearning：startdoingsth.starttodosth.makeeveryefforttodosth.盡力/努力做某事e.g.Makeanefforttoarrivepromptly.盡力早些趕到vocabularyandstructureatyourdestinationdestinationn.目的地e.g.Theyarrivedattheirdestinationaftertravelingacrossinnumerablemountains.他們翻過(guò)千山萬(wàn)嶺，到達(dá)目的地。vocabularyandstructureafew:一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，用于修飾可數(shù)名詞，肯定用法e.g.Thereareafewapplesonthetable.桌子上有幾個(gè)蘋(píng)果。比較：alittle：一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞，肯定用法。e.g.Thereisalittlefishinthepool.池塘里有幾條魚(yú)。little：用于不可數(shù)名詞，否定用法。few：用于可數(shù)名詞，否定用法典型試題：Alotofpeoplehavetriedout,but______havesucceeded.A.afew B.fewC.alittle D.littleBvocabularyandstructureyoucanbecomeatravelerratherthanatouristtraveler:onewhotravelsorhastraveled旅行家tourist:onewhotravelsforpleasure.游客fromtheirperspective從他們的觀點(diǎn)perspective：apointofview觀點(diǎn)e.g.Youmustlearntoseethingsfromdifferentperspectives.你們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)從不同立場(chǎng)觀察事物。atleast:至少e.g.EveryoneisadamnfoolforatleastfiveminuteseverydayWisdomconsistsinnotexceedingthelimit

一個(gè)人每天至少有五分鐘是個(gè)大傻瓜,明智者在于不超過(guò)這個(gè)時(shí)限…tryingtospeaktheirlanguagewillgainyoutheirrespect.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)vs不定式做主語(yǔ)不定式做主語(yǔ)常表示具體的某一動(dòng)作;表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念時(shí),多用動(dòng)名詞,如:__isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.A.Thewalk B.Walking C.Towalk D.WalkB翻譯語(yǔ)言：如果你不會(huì)說(shuō)所去國(guó)家的官方語(yǔ)言，那在出發(fā)前就要開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)，到了目的地要努力操練語(yǔ)言技能。如果你會(huì)的只是當(dāng)?shù)卣Z(yǔ)言中的幾個(gè)詞，也能夠成為旅行者，而非游客。你可以和城鎮(zhèn)、村莊中的人談話，從他們的角度了解生活。嘗試說(shuō)當(dāng)?shù)卣Z(yǔ)言，這至少能為你贏得他們的尊重。Para.2Planning.Ifyouareonabudget,itisparticularlyimportanttobeprepared.Knowwhereyouwanttogo,andbuyplane,train,andbusticketsinadvance.Themoreyouplan,thecheaperyourtripwillbe.However,schedulingeveryhourofyourtimeinvitesdisaster.Sobeflexible.Afixed

itinerarydoesnotleaveroomforspontaneousexplorations.vocabularyandstructureonabudget：節(jié)約開(kāi)支；節(jié)省費(fèi)用budget：預(yù)算e.g.abalancedbudget收支平衡的預(yù)算.

governmentbudget政府預(yù)算wageandsalarybudget工資預(yù)算abigholeinthebudgetdeficit預(yù)算赤字里的一個(gè)巨大缺口planofhowtoconsumeonabudget關(guān)于如何節(jié)省費(fèi)用消費(fèi)的計(jì)劃vocabularyandstructureparticularly：adv.特別地Thelectureaimsparticularlyatyoungstudents.講座尤其針對(duì)年輕學(xué)生。particular:adj.特別的，特殊的；值得注意的inthisparticularcase在這種特殊情況下.fornoparticularreason沒(méi)有特殊理由.Hetookparticulartroubletogetitright.他費(fèi)了好大的勁才把它弄好.vocabularyandstructureinadvance:提前；預(yù)先SomeofmyclassmateslearnedJunior2subjectsinadvancethissummervacation.我的一些學(xué)生暑假里提前學(xué)習(xí)了初二的科目。advance:n.前進(jìn)theadvanceofthearmy軍隊(duì)的前進(jìn).

anadvanceontheory理論的發(fā)展.

預(yù)付anadvanceonwages工資的預(yù)付上升；上漲anadvanceinthecostofliving生活費(fèi)用的上漲Themoreyouplan,thecheaperyourtripwillbe.你計(jì)劃得越詳細(xì)，你的旅行開(kāi)支就越少。"themore...,themore..."句型表示"越……就越……",前面的句子是狀語(yǔ)從句,后面的句子是主句。the用在形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)前,more代表形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)。例如:Themorehegets,themorehewants.他越來(lái)越貪。Themoreshelearns,themoreshewantstolearn.她越學(xué)越想學(xué)。典型例題：AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,________.

A.themoreforlifeareyouequipped

B.themoreequippedforlifeyouare

C.themorelifeyouareequippedfor

D.youareequippedthemoreforlife…schedulingeveryhourofyourtimeinvitesdisaster.動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)schedule:v.預(yù)定計(jì)劃e.g.scheduledatripinJune計(jì)劃在六月進(jìn)行一次旅行bescheduledtoarriveonMonday計(jì)劃星期一到達(dá)invite:引起；招致Divisionsathomewouldinvitedangersfromabroad.內(nèi)訌招致外患disaster:災(zāi)難，徹底的失敗Thedinnerpartywasadisaster.宴會(huì)徹底失敗flexible:adj.靈活的，可變通的，易適應(yīng)的aflexibleschedule可變通的日程表fixeditineraryfixed:adj.固定的e.g.afixedratio固定比率；afixedstar恒星itinerary:n.旅行路線e.g.Leaveyouritinerarysothatwecanreachyouincaseofemergency.

留份旅行計(jì)劃以便遇緊急情況時(shí)可以找到你.vocabularyandstructureleaveroomfor:e.g.Suchmaterialsleaveroomforcreativityandallowbothteacherandstudentstoaskrealquestionsofvalue.room:空間，余地e.g.roomforimprovement改善的余地spontaneous:unplanned自然而然的，自發(fā)的Hearingthejoke,weburstintospontaneouslaughter.聽(tīng)到笑話,我們不由自主地大笑起來(lái)exploration探測(cè)，探究：探索e.g.explorationofnewtheories新理論的探索explore：v.探索e.g.toexploretheouterspace太空勘探翻譯計(jì)劃：如果你想節(jié)省費(fèi)用，提前準(zhǔn)備就尤為重要。了解你的目的地，然后提前購(gòu)買(mǎi)機(jī)票、火車(chē)票和公共汽車(chē)票。你計(jì)劃得越周詳，你的行程就越劃算。但是，按小時(shí)制定計(jì)劃會(huì)帶來(lái)麻煩，所以要有彈性。如果行程確定不變，就沒(méi)有了自發(fā)探索的空間。Para.3Packing.Takenexttonothing.Unlessyouaregoingtodinnerwithheadsofstate,thelessyouhavethehappieryouwillbe.Themostimportantitemstotakearecomfortableunderwearandshoes.Buyingclothingandotheressentialsin-countryisanimportantpartoftheexperience.Ofcourse,iftherearecertainthingsyoucannotlivewithout,takethemwithyou.vocabularyandstructurenexttonothing盡量少帶東西nextto:almost幾乎e.g.nexttoimpossible幾乎不可能nextto還可以表示緊鄰的：thecarnexttohers挨著她的車(chē)；ThebankIworkforisnexttothemallbehindmybuilding.我工作的那家銀行就在我家樓后的購(gòu)物中心旁邊。在順序或程度上接下去的e.g.Nexttoskiing,shelikeshiking.除了滑雪，她最喜歡徒步旅行unless:除非，如果不，相當(dāng)于“ifnot”，本身表示否定，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。例：Mybabysisterdoesn’tcryunlessshe’shungry.=Mybabysisterdoesn’tcryifsheisn’thungry.nlessyoutakemorecare,you’llhaveanaccident.如果你不多加小心的話，你會(huì)出事的。Exceptionaltalentdoesnotalwayswinitsrewardunlessfavoredbyexceptionalcircumstance.除非得到特殊的情況的護(hù)佑，否則有特殊才能的人并不總能贏得對(duì)其才能的回報(bào)。例題：_______changed,thislawwillmakelifedifficultforfarmers. A.Until B.Incase C.Unless D.Sothatvocabularyandstructureheadsofstate：州長(zhǎng)head：頭腦,領(lǐng)袖thelessyouhavethehappieryouwillbetheless…thehappier…Themostimportantitems…形容詞最高級(jí)：the+最高級(jí)+比較范圍，形容詞最高級(jí)前通常必須用定冠詞the。e.g.TheSaharaisthebiggestdesertintheworld.

撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。例題：Who’s________studentinyourclass?

A.strong

B.stronger

C.strongest

D.thestrongestvocabularyandstructurecomfortable:adj.舒適的Thisisaverycomfortablehousetolivein.

這是一棟住起來(lái)很舒服的房子。essential：n.必需品theessentialsofthegoodlifeThecarprovidesroomforbicyclesandotherweekendessentials.這輛車(chē)有足夠的空間放自行車(chē)和其他周末活動(dòng)的必需品。in-country國(guó)內(nèi)；國(guó)境內(nèi)certainthingsyoucannotlivewithoutwhich/that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句先行詞是名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略which/that例句：做主語(yǔ)：prosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。做賓語(yǔ)：Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.你拿的包快散了。vocabularyandstructure翻譯打包：盡量少帶行李。除非你要和州長(zhǎng)一起進(jìn)餐，不然還是東西越少越開(kāi)心。需攜帶的最重要物品是舒適的內(nèi)衣和鞋子。在旅行地購(gòu)買(mǎi)衣物和其他必需品也是旅行經(jīng)驗(yàn)中的重要部分。如果有些東西是你不可或缺的，那么就帶上。Food.Gotolocalcafesorrestaurantsandpickoutthestrangestthingonthemenu.Trycow’sstomachandcactussoup.Youmaynotlikethetasteatfirst,butbytryingnewfoodsyougainabetterunderstandingandappreciationofthecultureanddiscoverwhatanarrowworldyourtastebudsinhabit.Inmanycountriesyoucanpurchaselocalcheese,bread,andwineforverylittlemoney.Buyingafewstaplefoodsandeatingasyoutravelisagoodwaytosavemoney,butnothingcancomparetoeatingagoodmealinabeautifulforeignland—especiallywhenit’sdonewithfriendsfromthecountry.vocabularyandstructurelocalcafes：當(dāng)?shù)氐目Х鹊阬ocal:adj.當(dāng)?shù)氐?，本土的e.g.alocalcustom當(dāng)?shù)氐娘L(fēng)俗，localgovernment地方政府，localoutbreaksofflu流感的局部爆發(fā)pickout：挑選，分辨出pickedoutthebestpieceofsilk挑出最好的一匹絲綢pickedouttheircousinsfromthecrowd從人群中認(rèn)出他們的堂兄弟vocabularyandstructuremenu:n.菜單Somenewdessertswereintroducedtothemenu.菜譜里加了一些新的甜點(diǎn)。Thewaitresscameoverandgavemeamenu.服務(wù)員小姐走過(guò)來(lái)遞給我一張菜單。cow’sstomach牛肚stomach：胃cactussoup仙人掌湯cactus：仙人掌vocabularyandstructuremay：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，可能

表示許可或征求對(duì)方的許可，有“可以”的意思。You

may

go

now.你可以走了。表示猜測(cè)You

may

be

right.你可能是對(duì)的。

回答以may開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句有如下表達(dá)法：

May

I

smoke

here?

我可以在這兒抽煙嗎？

Yes,

you

may./Yes,

please. No,

you

can’t.

/No,

you

mustn’t./No,

you’d

better

not.atfirst=atthebeginning,表示“當(dāng)初,起初(但后來(lái)……)”,與后來(lái)發(fā)生的事相對(duì)照例句：AtfirstIdidn‘twanttogo,butIsoonchangedmymind.開(kāi)始我不想去，但是很快就改變了主意。比較：firstofall(或first)表示“首先”;“最重要的”,說(shuō)明順序,是時(shí)間上或一系列行動(dòng)的開(kāi)始,后面往往接next,then等。例如:Firstofall,openthewindows,thenturnoffthegas.首先打開(kāi)窗戶(hù)，然后關(guān)掉煤氣。I‘llhavetofinishmyhomeworkfirst.我首先要完成作業(yè)。Butbytryingnewfoodsyougainabetterunderstandingandappreciationofthecultureanddiscoverwhatanarrowworldyourtastebudsinhabit.bydoingsth.通過(guò)做某事,by表示方式長(zhǎng)句的分析：本句中有兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)：gain和discovergain的賓語(yǔ)是understandingandappreciationdiscover的賓語(yǔ)是what從句賓語(yǔ)從句例句：Inone‘sownhomeonecandowhatonelikes.在自己家里可以隨心所欲。tastebud:味蕾inhabit:居住于,存在于,占據(jù)e.g.Thoughtsinhabithismind.各種思想占據(jù)了他的心靈vocabularyandstructurepurchase…forverylittlemoney:用很少的錢(qián)購(gòu)買(mǎi)到purchase：v.購(gòu)買(mǎi)purchasingpower購(gòu)買(mǎi)力purchase/sale買(mǎi)賣(mài)WillyoupleasetellmewhereIcanpurchasehealthinsurance?請(qǐng)告訴我在何處能買(mǎi)到健康保險(xiǎn)staplefoods

主食staple:adj.主要的e.g.stapleproduct主要產(chǎn)品non-staplefoodn.副食品vocabularyandstructurenothingcancomparetoeatingagoodmealinabeautifulforeignland—especiallywhenit’sdonewithfriendsfromthecountry.nothingcancompare

沒(méi)有什么可與……相比例句：Forme,pare:①[常與with連用]比較；對(duì)照parethetranslationwiththeoriginal拿譯文同原文對(duì)照②[常與to連用]比喻，比作Lifeisoftencomparedtovoyage.人生常比作航海.vocabularyandstructureespeciallyadv.特別地例句：

Infantsareespeciallyvulnerabletothisdisease.嬰幼兒尤其易患這種病?！瓀henit’sdonewith…it在這里代指eatingagoodmealinabeautifulforeignland句法：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（助動(dòng)詞be加上及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞），凡是不愿或不必說(shuō)出主動(dòng)者時(shí)，使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。此外，在強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作對(duì)象時(shí)，常使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例句：Allourshoesaremadebyhand.我廠出品的鞋都是手工制造的。翻譯食品：去當(dāng)?shù)氐男〔宛^或飯店，選擇菜單上最奇特的食物，嘗試一下牛肚、仙人掌湯或番荔枝。你可能開(kāi)始不喜歡那種味道，通過(guò)嘗試新的食物你能夠進(jìn)一步了解并欣賞該文化，并且發(fā)現(xiàn)你的味蕾所擁有的是多么狹小的世界。在很多國(guó)家，花極少的錢(qián)就能買(mǎi)到當(dāng)?shù)氐哪汤?、面包和酒。買(mǎi)些主食在旅途中享用是個(gè)省錢(qián)的好辦法，但是，什么都不能同在美麗的異國(guó)他鄉(xiāng)享受一餐美食相媲美——尤其是與當(dāng)?shù)氐呐笥压餐碛弥畷r(shí)。Para.5CulturalImmersion.Apassionaboutimmersingyourselfinadifferentcultureandseeingtheworldfromanewpointofviewwilltakeyoufurtherthanahugebudgetorthebestguidebook.長(zhǎng)句子vocabularyandstructureCulturalImmersion文化滲透，文化洗禮immersion:n.浸泡，浸入，沉溺e.g. immersioninstudy埋頭研究

immersioninthought沉思immerse：v.浸入，浸泡，沉迷于

getimmersedin沉浸于

immerseone'sheadinthewater將頭浸入水中

scholarswhoimmersethemselvesintheirsubjects埋頭于課題的學(xué)者

Thewholetownwasimmersedinafestivalatmosphere.全鎮(zhèn)沉浸在節(jié)日的氣氛中。Apassionaboutimmersingyourselfinadifferentcultureandseeingtheworldfromanewpointofviewwilltakeyoufurtherthanahugebudgetorthebestguidebook.長(zhǎng)句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)Apassionabout…+謂語(yǔ)willtake+賓語(yǔ)youpassion：激情immerseoneselfin…讓自己沉浸于pointofview：觀點(diǎn)seetheworldfrom~從全新的觀點(diǎn)看世界takeyoufurtherthan…帶給你的比……更多翻譯文化滲透（洗禮）：與大筆預(yù)算或是最好的旅行指南相比，沉浸于某種不同的文化氛圍并以嶄新視角看世界的熱情更能讓你獲益良多。ComprehensionQuestions1.Accordingtothewriter,atravelerisdifferentfromatouristinthat__________________.atravelerspeaksthelocallanguagefluentlyatouristdoesn’tlearnthelocallanguageatallatouristonlyknowsafewwordsofthelocallanguageatravelertriestotalktolocalpeopleandlearnsabouttheirlifeIfyouknowevenafewwordsofthelocallanguage,youcanbecomeatravelerratherthanatourist.Youcantalktopeopleintownsandvillagesandlearnaboutlifefromtheirperspective.2.Youshouldnothaveafixeditinerarybecause___________________________.youdon’tneedtomakedecisionsabouthowtotravelinadvancethetripwillbecheaperinthiswayafixeditinerarymaybringtroublesyoumaywantunexpectedexperiencesfromthetripHowever,schedulingeveryhourofyourtimeinvitesdisaster.Sobeflexible.3.Whichofthefollowingisthewriter’sadviceonpacking?Youshouldtrytobringaslittleluggageaspossible.Youneedcomfortableclothesbecauseyouwillhavedinnerwiththeheadsofthestates.Trytotakeeverythingyouneedsoastosavemoneyonthetrip.Youshouldonlytakethingsthatyoucannotlivewithout.

Takenexttonothing.Unlessyouaregoingtodinnerwithheadsofstate,thelessyouhavethehappieryouwillbe.Themostimportantitemstotakearecomfortableunderwearandshoes.Buyingclothingandotheressentialsin-countryisanimportantpartoftheexperience.Ofcourse,iftherearecertainthingsyoucannotlivewithout,takethemwithyou.4.Accordingtothewriter,whyshouldyoupickoutthestrangestthingsonthemenu?Becausetheyaredeliciousfoodrecommendedbythelocalcafé.Becauseyoucanlearnmoreaboutthelocalculturebytryingthem.Becauseyourtastebudsarenotwelldeveloped.Becauseyouwanttosavemoney.

Youmaynotlikethetasteatfirst,butbytryingnewfoodsyougainabetterunderstandingandappreciationofthecultureanddiscoverwhatanarrowworldyourtastebudsinhabit.5.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraph“culturalimmersion”means___________.theattempttoexperienceadifferentcultureasthelocalpeoplethestronginterestforanewpointofviewthestressofahugebudgetthebenefitofagoodguidebookApassionaboutimmersingyourselfinadifferentcultureandseeingtheworldfromanewpointofviewwilltakeyoufurtherthanahugebudgetorthebestguidebook.Exercises Conversation：Choosetherightanswertofinishthefollowingconversation.

1.–Thanksforyourhelp. –________________A.Mypleasure. B.Nevermind.C.Quiteright. D.Don’taskme.2.–CouldIborrowyourdictionaryforafewdays? –_________________.A.Yes,youmayborrow.B.Yes,goon.C.Sure,hereyouare. D.Itdo