人教版高中英語(yǔ)課堂選修8課時(shí)提能練40Unit5Meetingyourancestors

課時(shí)提能練(四十)Unit5Meetingyourancestors課時(shí)作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面Ⅰ.語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)法填空AQianXuesenisthefounderofChina'sspacescience.China'sfirstmissilewasdesignedinhis1.messy(mess)andshabbyworkroomintheGobidesert.Toobtaincorrect2.analysis(analyze)results,heandhispartnersspentmanysleeplessnights.Whenthe3.accuracy(accurate)oftheinstrumentscouldnotbeguaranteed,hehimselfinventednewones.Sometimes,heputforwardbold4.assumptions(assume)tohelpovercometoughproblems.Themissilewasproducedaftertheyhandledvariousproblems5.skillfully(skill).Peoplecelebratedthesuccessfullaunchofthefirstmissilewithastormof6.applause(applaud).The“twobombsandonesatellite”areofhistorical7.significance(significant)toChina,markinga8.division(divide)ofanewera.BThereisastorydating9.backtothe11thcentury.Agroupofpoorpeoplegotfedup10.withthecruelgoverning.Theycouldn'texpectapromisingfuturewhentheylooked11.ahead.Theyhadnoalternative12.buttoriseupagainstthegovernment.Theykilledbadofficialsandtookawaytheirpropertiesregardless13.oftheconsequences.Theygatheredinmountainswitharmedmenguardingthemountainpassestokeep14.outthegovernmenttroops.Thoughthestoryhasasadending,theheroicdeedshaveencouragedgenerationaftergeneration.CChina,15.asisshownbystatistics,ismakingrapidprogressintermsofeconomicgrowth.16.Havingopened(open)itsdoortotheoutsideworld,ithasquicklyaccumulatedagreatdealofwealth.Thedailylivingnecessitiesarebecomingabundant.Gonearethedayswhenacustomerwaitedinlineforhoursonly17.tobetold(tell)bytheshopassistantthatwhatshewantedtobuywassoldoutornotinstock.Ofcourseincamesomenegativethingsfollowingtheopen-up.Iremembermyfellowguys18.swimming(swim)happilyintherivernearourschool,butitisnowbadlypolluted.Ifonlywe19.hadmade(make)morestrictrulesandregulationsatthestartoftheopen-up.Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1．像我們所期望的那樣，邁克參加了會(huì)議。(as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)Mike,asweexpected,attendedthemeeting.2．要是我住在中國(guó)就好了，我肯定去過(guò)許多旅游勝地了。(ifonly)IfonlyIhadlivedinChina,Iwouldhavebeentomanytouristattractions.3．這位新聞?dòng)浾叽颐s到機(jī)場(chǎng)，卻被告知那位電影明星已經(jīng)走了。(onlytodo)Thenewsreporterhurriedtotheairport,onlytobetoldthefilmstarhadleft.4．就我個(gè)人而言，我已厭煩了你無(wú)止境的抱怨。(befedupwith)AsfarasI'mconcerned,Iamfedupwithyourendlesscomplaints．5．凱西在她兒子出生時(shí)辭了職，以便能夠待在家里照顧家人。(sothat...)Cathyhadquitherjobwhenhersonwasbornsothatshecouldstayhomeandraiseherfamily．課時(shí)作業(yè)B：能力層面Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2019·福建三校第一學(xué)期聯(lián)考)IarrivedatthisbeautifulSpanishislandatthestartofSeptember,fullofenthusiasmandeagertostartworkingasanEnglishteacher.Isortedallthenecessarypaperworkoutandmovedintoaflatofmyownwithinthefirstcoupleofdays.Great,orsoIthought.At4amandatseveralintervalsafterthat,Iwasrudelyawokenbythecockthatlivesoppositeme.Fantastic!Inowhave5extraalarmseverymorning.Inthefollowingweeks,Ialsostartedtonoticeatrend.Thingsinmyflatstartedtobreakattherateofoneobjectperday,likethehotwaterline,bowls,cups,theshower,doorsorglassshelves.Yes,Iamclumsybutthingsjustfellapart.Ifitwasn'tbroken,itwouldeitherbedirtyormissing.Usingmywashingbasketforthefirsttimewasprettydisgusting.WhenItookoutmyclothes,theywereswiftlyfollowedbyahundredorsobugsthatwerelivinginthebottom.Asforthegenerallackofequipmentinthehouse,therewasnooven,tinopener,sharpknivesorpotatopeeler.Itturnedoutmakingaburgerfromscratchwasn'tthebestidea.Ihadasmallmicrowaveandagrill.IthoughtthegeneralunderstandingwasnevertoputmetalinamicrowavebutIwenton.Smokesoonstartedtoappear.IwasnotquitesureifitwastheburgerorthegrillbutassoonasIopenedthedoor,theelectricitycutout.Ispentthefollowing10minutesinadark,smokyroomhuntingforthepowerswitchusingthelightfrommymobilephone,whichbroketheweekafterandleftmewithoutaconnectiontotheouterworld.Luckily,I'mnowborrowingaphoneandmyluckhasreturned.Nomorethingshavebroken(probablybecausethereisnothinglefttobreak).I'vealsorealizedthatevenifaflatlookspretty,itdoesn'tmeanitscontentswork.Iamalsolearninghowtoadapttolifewithlimited,brokenutensils(用具)．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文?！拔摇比ノ靼嘌赖囊粋€(gè)漂亮的小島上做英語(yǔ)老師，雖然擁有自己的公寓，可里面的生活用具很老舊，給“我”的生活帶來(lái)了諸多不便。這讓“我”知道了漂亮但并不實(shí)用的道理，也學(xué)會(huì)了如何利用有限的生活用品生活。1．Whatproblemdidtheauthorhaveinthemorning?A．Sheoftensleptlate.B．Heralarmfailedtowork.C．Shegotsomenoisyneighbors.D．Hersleepwasdisturbedbyarooster.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“At4amandatseveralintervalsafterthat,Iwasrudelyawokenbythecockthatlivesoppositeme”可知，凌晨四點(diǎn)開(kāi)始，每隔一會(huì)兒，作者就被對(duì)面公雞的打鳴聲吵醒；據(jù)此可知，作者的睡眠被公雞打鳴聲打擾了，故D項(xiàng)正確。]2．WhatcanweknowabouttheauthorfromParagraph2?A．Shewasaverycarefulwoman.B．Shewasquitesatisfiedwithherflat.C．Herflatwasprettyoldbutcomfortable.D．Herhouseholdarticleswereinpoorcondition.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Thingsinmyflatstartedtobreakattherateofoneobjectperday,likethehotwaterline,bowls,cups,theshower,doorsorglassshelves”可知，作者所住的房子的東西每天損壞一件；據(jù)此可推知，作者所使用的日常用品很破舊，故D項(xiàng)正確。]3．Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasmakingaburger?A．Shewasseriouslyinjured.B．Shemadeaterriblemistake.C．Shebrokeherphoneaccidentally.D．Shesufferedasuddenpowerfailure.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ihadasmallmicrowaveandagrill.IthoughtthegeneralunderstandingwasnevertoputmetalinamicrowavebutIwenton.Smokesoonstartedtoappear”，并結(jié)合該段其他內(nèi)容可知，作者將金屬烤架放進(jìn)微波爐里，啟動(dòng)后發(fā)生了故障，電源被切斷；據(jù)此可推知，作者在制作漢堡時(shí)犯了個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，故B項(xiàng)正確。]4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Remainingoptimistic.B．Howtochooseaniceflat.C．Learningtoliveinanewflat.D．Whylivingabroadisnoteasy.C[主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章尾段尾句“Iamalsolearninghowtoadapttolifewithlimited,brokenutensils(用具)”是全文的主題句；結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章通過(guò)講述作者在西班牙的一個(gè)小島上做英語(yǔ)老師時(shí)如何使用住房?jī)?nèi)的破舊日常用品生活的故事，說(shuō)明了應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會(huì)適應(yīng)生活的道理，故C項(xiàng)正確。]B(2019·長(zhǎng)沙市統(tǒng)一模擬)Twodeerjumpedoutinfrontof16-year-oldAmandaFloyd'scar.Sheputonthebrake,stoppingthecarjustintime.Butlater,shestartedtexting.Distracted,Amandaturnedleftandright,thencrashedintoanothercar.Luckily,shewasn'tinarealcar—shewasinadrivingsimulator(模擬器)atRooseveltHighSchool,Ohio,US.“Ineverreallyrealizedthatcarsmakeaturnthatmuch，”Amanda,ajunior,said.Sheaddedthatshewouldn'ttextwhiledrivinganymore.TheOhioDepartmentofTransportation(ODOT)andOhioStateHighwayPatrolbroughtthesimulatortotheschool.Theysaidtheywantedtohelpstudentslearnaboutthedangerofdrivingwhiledrunk,texting,ortalkingonthephone.AccordingtotheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration,distracteddrivingclaimed3，450livesin2016alone.Expertsbelievetheactualfigureisprobablyhigher.Thesimulatorisbasicallyacomputerprogram.Likemanycomputergames,itwasahitwiththestudents.Theylinedupandcrowdedaroundtowatcheachothertaketurns.Thesimulatorhasasteeringwheel(方向盤),brakeandgaspedal(油門).Itismadeupofthreelargecomputerscreensonatable.Studentschooseadistraction,suchasdrivingwhiledrunkortexting.Theyalwayscrash,ofcourse.Then,theyarepulledoverbythepolicetobetaughtthebadresultsoftheirdriving：howmuchdamagethey'vecaused,whattheirfineis,ifanyonediedintheaccident,andifthey'regoingtogotoprison.“Itteacheshowtodrivewithoutbeingontheroad，”saidShanteThompson,16.Shehadjustcrashedintoadeer.ODOTspokesmanJustinChesnicsaidhundredsofkidshavegonebehindthewheelsofar.Hesaidevenmorehavebenefitedfromwatchingtheirclassmates.“Drivingissuchamajorresponsibility,sotakeitseriously，”hesaid.“Putawayyourcellphone.Alotoftheaccidentsouttherearebecauseofdistracteddriving.Itcannotonlychangeyourlife,butchangesomeoneelse'slifeforever.Theresultsareserious.”【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了一個(gè)駕駛模擬器，學(xué)生通過(guò)操作這個(gè)駕駛模擬器可以增強(qiáng)交通安全意識(shí)。5．WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph1?A．Introducethetopicofthetext.B．Illustratetheauthor'spointofview.C．Providesomeadviceforthereaders.D．Offersomebackgroundinformation.A[推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章第一段講述了一個(gè)事例，然后通過(guò)這個(gè)事例引出了本文的話題，即drivingsimulator。由此可推知，作者寫(xiě)第一段的目的是引出文章的主題。]6．WhyisthedrivingsimulatorprojectintroducedtoRooseveltHighSchool?A．Itteststhestudents'abilitytostayfocused.B．Itgetsstudentstohavefunbetweenclasses.C．Itteachesstudentshowtodealwithtrafficaccidents.D．Itmakesstudentsawareofthedangersofdistracteddriving.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theysaidtheywantedtohelpstudentslearnaboutthedangerofdrivingwhiledrunk,texting,ortalkingonthephone”可知，他們想要幫助學(xué)生了解駕車時(shí)醉酒、發(fā)短信或者打電話的危害，故選D。]7．Whatcanweknowaboutthedrivingsimulator?A．Itisconnectedtothelocalpolicestation.B．Itisarealcarbuthaslargecomputerscreens.C．Itattractsthestudents'interestasacomputerprogram.D．Itbenefitsthestudentswhouseitmorethanthosewhoonlywatch.C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的描述，尤其是“Thesimulatorisbasicallyacomputerprogram.Likemanycomputergames,itwasahitwiththestudents”可知，這個(gè)駕駛模擬器實(shí)質(zhì)上是一個(gè)電腦程序，和許多電腦游戲一樣，它很受學(xué)生們的歡迎，引起了學(xué)生們的興趣，故選C。]8．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．TrafficrulesinOhio,US.B．Dangersofdistracteddriving.C．Simulateddrivingforstudents.D．Advantagesofcomputergames.C[主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一個(gè)駕駛模擬器，學(xué)生通過(guò)操作它可以增強(qiáng)交通安全意識(shí)，故選C。]Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2019·廣東省七校聯(lián)合體聯(lián)考)Weallhavetomakedecisionsallthetime,andwehaveanabundanceofchoices,rangingfromtinyissuestovitalones.Unfortunately,peopleoftenfindithardtomakedecisions.1Ifyouwouldliketoimproveyourskillofdecisionmaking,herearefoursuggestionsforyou.Don'texpecttohaveitall.2Youcan'tordereverydeliciousdishonthemenu.Andtherewillbepathsnottaken,careersnotchosen,tonamebutafew.Youcanimaginesome“whatif”situationsifyoumust,butdonotletthemtakeuptoomuchspaceinyourbrain.3It'softengoodtothinkthroughyourdecisions.Butdon'toverdoit.Researchcanreachapointwherereturnsbegintoreduce,whichmakesitconfusingmorethanclarifying.Manygooddecisionscanbemadebasedasmuchonintuition(直覺(jué))asoncarefulassessmentofendlessdata.Don'tdelaymakingdecisions.Yes,thereisatimetoputoffmakingadecision.Perhapsyouneedmoreinformation.4Orit'slikelythatyouwaitforalessstressfultime.Justdon'twaitsolongthatthedecisionismadebyyourownindecisiveness.Don'tbehardonyourself.Youdecidetogoonavoyage.Youchooseanexpensiveliner.Everythingshouldworkoutjustright.Onlyyoudidn'texpectabugthatranaroundontheship,makingyouandyourfamilysickforfivedays.5Butpleaserememberitisunavoidablesometimes.A．Don'tspendtoomuchtimethinking.B．Itisanimportantsourceofinformation.C．Youmayregretmakingsuchastupiddecision.D．Don'tcountonemotiontomakedecisions.E．Maybeyouwishtoconsultwithyouradviser.F．Decisionsforceustoclosethedooronotherpossibilities.G．Thatmeanstheskillofgooddecisionmakingcountsalot.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了提高決策技能的四條建議，包括不求全責(zé)備，不要費(fèi)時(shí)思慮太多，不要延誤做決定和不要苛求自己。1．G[根據(jù)空處所在位置可知，該句承上啟下；根據(jù)空前一句“Unfortunately,peopleoftenfindithardtomakedecisions”可知，不幸的是，人們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)很難做決定；據(jù)此可以推斷，做決定的技能很重要，故G項(xiàng)正確。空處下文中的“yourskillofdecisionmaking”也是提示。]2．F[根據(jù)該段小標(biāo)題“Don'texpecttohaveitall”可知，該段主要論述“不要求全責(zé)備”；結(jié)合空后的“Youcan'tordereverydeliciousdishonthemenu.Andtherewillbepathsnottaken,careersnotchosen,tonamebutafew”可知，做決定迫使我們關(guān)上了一扇其他可能的大門，故F項(xiàng)正確。]3．A[根據(jù)空處所在的位置可知，空處為該段的小標(biāo)題；結(jié)合本段第一、二句“It'softengoodtothinkthroughyourdecisions.Butdon'toverdoit”可知，該段主要論述“不要費(fèi)時(shí)思慮太多”這一觀點(diǎn)，故A項(xiàng)正確。]4．E[根據(jù)空前的“thereisatimetoputoffmakingadecision”可知，空處與空前一句和空后一句都為延遲做決定的可能原因，故E項(xiàng)“你可能希望咨詢你的顧問(wèn)”符合語(yǔ)境。]5．C[根據(jù)該段小標(biāo)題“Don'tbehardonyourself”可知，不要太苛求自己；結(jié)合空后一句“Butpleaserememberitisunavoidablesometimes”可知，你要記住這是不可避免的事情；據(jù)此可以推斷，空處表示“你可能會(huì)對(duì)你愚蠢的決定后悔”，故C項(xiàng)正確。]Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空(2019·武漢市調(diào)研測(cè)試)January25，2020,overabillionpeopleinChinaandmillionsaroundtheworldwillcelebratetheChineseNewYear,ortheSpringFestival.Theancienttradition,1.________dateisdeterminedbythelunarcalendarandfallssomewherebetweenJanuary21andFebruary20eachyear,isthe2.________(long)andmostimportantofallChinesefestivals.Thepreparationswill3.________(official)beginwithLittleNewYearonJanuary17，2020.Itisobservedwithadayofmemorialceremonies.OtherLittleNewYearactivitiesincludecleaningthehouse4.________(sweep)awaybadluckandhangingspringcouplets—reddecorationshunginpairs—forwealth.Sincered5.________(believe)tokeepmisfortuneandevilspiritsaway,itcanbenoticedineverythingfromclothingto6.________(lantern)usedtodecoratehouses.Often7.________(consider)themostimportantmealoftheyear,thereuniondinnerisbothdeliciousandrootedinChinesetradition.8.________wholechickensymbolizesfamilytogetherness,whilelonguncutnoodlesshowlongevity(長(zhǎng)壽).Wealthisrepresentedbydumplingsandspringrolls.Childrenreceiveredenvelopesfilled9.________moneyandinspiringmessagesfromeldersandareoftenallowedtostayuplatetowatchthe10.________(amaze)fireworksshows.Thetwo-weeklongcelebrationswillendonFebruary8—thedayofthefullmoon—withtheLanternFestival.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要介紹了中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日春節(jié)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。1．whose[考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，空處在從句中作定語(yǔ)，先行詞為“Theancienttradition”，空處與“date”為所屬關(guān)系，故用whose引導(dǎo)該從句。]2．longest[考查形容詞的最高級(jí)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和空前的“the”及后空的“mostimportant”可知，此處表示最高級(jí)的含義，故用形容詞的最高級(jí)。]3．officially[考查副詞。分析句子成分可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞officially修飾動(dòng)詞begin，在句子中作狀語(yǔ)。]4．tosweep[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，故填tosweep。]5．isbelieved[考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)、時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是“sth.bebelievedtodosth.”句型，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)形式；此處為一般性描述，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；且主語(yǔ)red為第三人稱單數(shù)，故填isbelieved。]6．lanterns[考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。lantern是可數(shù)名詞，且其前無(wú)限定詞，故用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。]7．considered[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，consider和其邏輯主語(yǔ)“thereuniondinner”構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式。]8．A[考查冠詞。chicken“雞”是可數(shù)名詞，第一次在文中出現(xiàn)，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)形式，且whole的發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，故填不定冠詞A。]9．with[考查介詞。固定詞組搭配befilledwith...意為“充滿……”，符合語(yǔ)境，故填介詞with。]10．a(chǎn)mazing[考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的“the”和空后的名詞詞組“fireworksshows”可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾其后的名詞詞組“fireworksshows”。故填amazing“令人驚嘆的”。]Ⅳ.概要寫(xiě)作閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫(xiě)一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。(2019·浙江新高考研究卷二)It'snosecretthatkidslovedinosaurs.Manyofthemhaveevengonethroughwhat'scalleda“dinosaurphase”—aperiodoftimewhentheycan'tstoptalkingaboutdinosaurs，can'tsleepwithouthearingadinosaurbedtimestory，anduseabackpackwithadinosaurpatternonit.Adultsmayhavelonggrownoutoftheirdinosaurphase，butsomehowtheappealisstillthere.TheproofisinthesuccessofStevenSpielberg's1993filmJurassicPark(《侏羅紀(jì)公園》)，andeveryfollowinginstallment(續(xù)集)oftheseries.NationalGeographic(《國(guó)家地理》雜志)hasanexplanationbehindtheanimals'popularity：Dinosaursare“wherescienceandimaginationmeet”，whichisprobablywhatmakesthemsoappealing，tokidsandadultsalike.Dinosaursareoftencomparedtodragons，butareseenascoolerbecausethey'rereal.ThehugeskeletonsinmuseumsprovetheirexistencemillionsofyearsagoonthesameEarththatwenowliveon.Meanwhile，newdiscoverieshavebeenmadeindifferentpartsoftheworldthatopenupabiggerpictureoftheseancientspecies.Andhowtheywentextinctisalsoapopularsubjectofscientificstudies.However，westillseemtoknowsolittleaboutdinosaurs，andhavetorelyonourimaginationwhenitcomestoquestionslike“Howdidtheylive？”，“Whatdidtheysoundlike？”and“Howfastcouldtheyrun？”It'sthissenseofmysterythataddstodinosaurs'attractioncomparedtootherfierceanimalslikelionsandtigers—animalsthatcaneasilybeseenintoday'szoos.Butthere'smoretothisdinosaurappeal.AccordingtoGuardianreporterBrianSwitek，humansarefascinatedbydinosaursnotjustbecausewe'reinterestedintheirhistory，butalsobecausewe