機(jī)械專業(yè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)英文文獻(xiàn)翻譯

1/1機(jī)械專業(yè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)英文文獻(xiàn)翻譯英文原文

StudyofInherentSafetyMinehoistbasedonmoderndesign

methods

YangLijie1,MengXiangyun2,WangGuimei1,NiuQingna1

1HebeiUniversityofEngineering,Handan,Hebei,056038,China

Yanglijie255@http://./doc/5dcb44af28ea81c758f578cf.html

2ChinaTelecomHandanCompany,Handan,Hebei,056038,ChinaAbstract—Asamodernsecuritydesign,InherentSafetymeansthatequipmentandfacilitiesisabletocontaintheinherentfundamentalfeaturestopreventaccidents.Minehoististhemostimportantequipmentinthecoalproduction.Howtoachievesafe,reliable,efficientproductionhasbeenthefocusstudyathomeandabroad.Inherentsafetyisreflectedinhoistdesign,primarilythroughthedesignmeasurestoimprovetheoperationofhoistsafetyandreliability.Inthispaper,InherentSafetytheoryisappliedinthedesignofminehoist,toproposedthedesignmethodbyusingthesoftwareofPRO/EPLC,Labviewetc..

Keywords-Minehoist;InherentSafety;PRO/E;PLC;Labview

I.INTRODUCTION

Incoalproduction,minehoististheequipmenttocarrycoal,gangue,materials,workersandequipmentsalongtherockshaft,theonlywaylinkedundergroundandaboveground,knownasminethroat.Minehoistisalarge-scalereciprocatingmachinerywhichhasthefeatureofownbiginertia,loadchanges,runningspeed,andwiderangeetal..Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofitsoperatingperformance,notonlydirectlyaffectthenormalproductionandcoalproductionefficiency,butalsorelatetoequipmentandpersonalsafety.Inrecentyears,minehoistfailuresandaccidentshavehappenedathomeandabroadwhichhavepaidaheavypricetocoalcompanies.Therefore,theproductiontechnologyandsafetyofminehoistarehigher,anditsmechanicalmanufacturingtechnologyandelectricalcontroltechnologyhasbeenanimportantresearchareatotheinternationalmachinebuildingindustryandtheelectriccontrolindustry.

InherentSafetymeansthatequipmentandfacilitiesisabletocontaintheinherentfundamentalfeaturestopreventaccidents.InherentSafetyliesindesign,throughcontinuousimprovement,topreventaccidentsduetotheequipmentitselffailures.Inherentsafetyisreflectedinhoistdesign,primarilythroughthedesignmeasurestoimprovetheoperationofhoistsafetyandreliability.Inthispaper,InherentSafetytheoryisappliedinthedesignofminehoist,toproposedtheinherentsafetydesignmethodbyusethesoftwareofPRO/EPLC,Labviewetc..

II.INHERENTSAFETYTHEORY

Thetermofinherentsafetyoriginatesthedevelopmentofworldspacetechnologyinthe1950s.Theconceptiswidelyacceptedcloselylinkedwithscientifictechnologicalprogressandhumanunderstandingofsafetyculture.TheconceptofinherentsafetyproducedaftertheWorldWarIIwhichbecamemajorsafetyconceptinmanyindustrializedcountriessincethemid20thcentury.

Inherentsafetydesignasthebasicmethodofhazardcontrol,byselectingsafematerials,processroutes,mechanicalequipment,devices,toeliminateorcontrolhazardssourceratherthanrelyingon"additional"securitymeasuresormanagementmeasurestocontrolthem.Asinherentsafetydesign,firstlyanalyzeandidentifyhazardsthatmayoccurinsystem,andthenchoosethebestmethodstoeliminate,controlhazards,whichreflectedinprojectdesign.

Ⅲ.THEDESIGNOFINHERENTSAFETYMINEHOISTMinehoistmainlyincludstheworkingdevice,controlsystem,transmissionsystemanddrag,protectionsystemsandothercomponents.Totheinherentsafetyminehoistdesign,mainlythemechanicalsystem,controlsystemandmonitorsystemisthemajorparttoconsidered.

A.In-depthinvestigationstofindmalfunction

Theconceptofinherentsafetyisrequiredsafetyallthetimeintheproductdesignprocess.Thatis,theequipmenthaslittlemalfunctionasmuchaspossibleduringtheoperationandhaslongnormaloperationcyclelength.Howcandesigninherentsafetyequipment,themostimportantthingisunderstandingenoughtotheequipment,especiallyinwork.Afterin-depthresearch,fullyunderstandingthesituation,trythebesttoreduceoreliminatethefaultinthedesign.Afterin-depthunderstandingofresearch,designproduct.

B.MechanicalSystem

Thetraditionalmethodofproducthaslongdesigncycle,highcosts.However,thevirtualprototypetechnologyhastheadvantageinsavingthedesigncost,shorteningthedesigncircle,byusingthemethodofmodeling,simulationfirstandthenbuildsthephysicalprototype.Therefore,thevirtualdesignisthedevelopingtrendsofmechanicaldesign.Inmechanicalsystemdesign,theapplicationofvirtualprototypeisusedtodesignminehoist,notonlyspeededupthedesignprocess,alsosimulatedavarietyofconditionstothevirtualprototypetodiscoverdesignfaults,toimprovethedesign,toimproveminehoistperformance.

Minehoistmechanicalsystemiscomposedofspindle,roller,reducer,motor,brakesandothercomponents.Initsdesign,virtualdesignsoftwarePRO/Eisappliedtoestablishhoistprototype,applicationofsimulationsoftwareADAMSisusedtosimulateandoptimizethedesign.SpecificprocessshowninFigure1:

Figure1.Mechanicalsystemdesign

C.Controlsystemdesign

Minehoistcontrolsystemincludesstart,run,brake,etc.,therequirementsincontrolsystemare:

Innormalhoistoperation,participationinhoistspeedcontrol,brakethehoistwhenreachingthedestination,knownastheservicebraking;

Incaseofemergency,canquicklyslowdownasrequired,brakehoist,topreventtheexpansionoftheaccident,thatisthesafetybraking;Participateinthehoistspeedcontrolwhendecelerati;Todouble-rollerhoist,shouldbrakethemovingrollerandfixrollerrespectivelywhenregulatingropelength,replacementlevelandchangingrope,sothat,movingrollerwouldnotmovewhenspindlerotateswiththefixedroller.

MostofminehoistsinChina(morethan70%)usethetraditionalelectriccontrolsystem(tkd-aastherepresentative).Tkdcontrolsystemiscomposedofrelaylogiccircuits,largeaircontactors,tachometergeneratoretc.,whichisatouchcontrolsystem.Afteryearsofdevelopment,tkd-aseriesofelectriccontrolsystemhasformeditsowncharacteristics,butitsshortcomingsareobvious.Itselectricalcircuitistoocomplicated,multi-line,causinghoistparkingandaccidentsoccurredduetoelectricalfault.Withthecomputeranddigitaltechnology,toformadigitalhoistcontrolsystem

ofPLChasbecomepossible.PLCcontrolsystemhashighcontrolprecision,parameterstability,simplehardwarestructure,self-diagnosticcapabilityandcommunicationnetworkingfunction.

MinehoistcontrolsystembasedonPLCtechnologystructureshowninFigure2,mainlyincludingthefollowingcomponents:themainplccontrolcircuits,hoistroutedetectionanddisplaycircuits,speeddetection,andsignalcircuits.ThePLCofthemaincontrolcircuitsusesMitsubishiFX2NseriesinJapanwhichmoredomesticapplications.

Figure2PLCelectriccontrolsystem

D.Monitoringsystemdesign

Toensuresafeoperationofthehoist,exceptforselectingthereasonableoperationdesignparameters,theuseofadvancedcontrolsystem,shouldalsomonitorthetechnologicalparametersonregular,conscientiouslydoperformancetestworktomasterthehoistperformance,discoverthedefectsintime,eliminatehiddendanger,

avoidunnecessarylosses.Inaddition,thehoistoperationstatecanbeimprovedtoworkinthebestconditionsbasedontestdata.Therefore,thehoistcouldworksafely,reliably,havehighefficiency,andextenditsworklife.

Virtualinstrumenttechnologyiscomputer-basedinstrumentationandmeasurementtechnology,isloadedsomesoftwareandhardwareonthecomputerwithsimilarappearanceandperformanceoftheactualindependentinstrument.Theuseroperatingthecomputer,likemanipulatingaespeciallyconventionalelectronicdevicesdesignedtheirs.Theessenceofvirtualinstrumenttechnologyisthathardwaresoftwarizedtechnology,takefulladvantageofthelatestcomputertechnologytoimplementandexpandthefunctionsoftraditionalinstruments.

LabVIEW(laboratoryvirtualinstrumentengineeringworkbench)isagraphicalprogramminganddevelopmentenvironment,alsoknownas"G"language.Itiswidelyusedbyindustry,academiaandresearchlaboratories,acceptedasthestandarddataacquisitionandinstrumentcontrolsoftware.LabVIEWnotonlyprovidesandcomplieswithallthefunctionsofhardwareanddataacquisitioncardscommunicationsofGPIB,I,RS-232andRS-485protocol,andbuilt-inlibraryfunctionssupportforTCP/IP,ActiveXandothersoftwarestandards.Thesoftwareforscientistsandengineersisaprogramminglanguage,itprovidesasimple,intuitivegraphicalprogrammingmode,savesalotofdevelopmenttime,hascompletefunction,bestembodiedstyleofvirtualinstrument.

Inresponsetothesecircumstances,developedaminehoistIntegratePerformanceMonitoringSystembasedonvirtualinstrumentLabVIEW-based.ShowinFigure3.Withsignalconditioninganddataacquisitioncardtoreceivesignalsfromsensors,thensentthereceivedsignaltothevirtualinstrumentsoftwareplatform,enablesthefollowingfeatures:

（1）showspeed,acceleration,brakingtime,displacement,oilpressure,delaytimeandotherrelevantparametersindigital,anddisplayspeed,acceleration,traction,displacementandhydrauliccurves.

（2）Dynamicallymonitorthehydraulicoilpressureandoilpumprunningstation,basedontheseparameterstoavoidimportantbrakingsystemfailure.

（3）Testbrakeairtraveltime,relaydelaytimeandothertimeparameters.

（4）inquirytothemeasuredcurveandhoistparameters;printatestreport.

Figure3.Diagramoftestsystem

Themonitoringsystemhascharacteristicssuchascompact,lightweight,highprecision,testingconvenientandflexible,feature-richsoftwareetc..thesystemcannotonlydisplayautomaticallytestresults,butalsofinishmultiplefunctions,forexample,datatransmission,analysis,processing,storageandreportprinting.Thesystemishighprecision,caneasilymonitorthehoistoperationstate,toensurethereliabilityofhoistoperation.

Ⅳ.CONCLUSIONS

Inthispaper,usedvirtualdesignsoftwaretodesignthehoistmechanicalsystem,PLCtodesigncontrolsystem,appliedvirtualinstrumentsoftware-LABVIEWtodesignmonitorsystem.Therefore,theminehoistdesignedhasgoodmechanicalpropertiesandsafeoperation,monitoringeasy.

REFERENCES

[1]Wengqishu.Theinherentsafetyandchecksofcabin[J].navigation

Technology2006(3):50-52.(inChinese)

[2]Lijangbo.StudyofTestSystemofCompositeCharacteristicofDevicesBasedon

Virtualinstrument[D].ADissertationSubmittedtoHebeiUniversityof

EngineeringFortheAcademicDegreeofMasterofEngineering,2007.(in

Chinese)

[3]Wangchengqin,Liwei,Mengbaoxingetal...Randomvibrationtestingsystemof

hoistinggearbasedonvirtualinstrument.Coalminemachinery,2008(4):118-120.

(inChinese)

[4]ChenbaozhiWumin.conceptandpracticesofinherentsafety[J].Journalof

SafetyScienceandTechnology,2008(6):79-83.(inChinese)

[5]Xuchenyi,Wuyongdong,Huangheetal..APLC-basedminehoistcontrolsystem

design[J].LC&FA,2008(10):52-56(inChinese)

中文譯文

基于現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)方法的礦井提升機(jī)內(nèi)在安全性的研究

YangLijie1,MengXiangyun2,WangGuimei1,NiuQingna1

1河北工程大學(xué),河北邯鄲,056038,中國

Yanglijie255@http://./doc/5dcb44af28ea81c758f578cf.html

2中國電信邯鄲分公司,河北邯鄲,056038,中國

作為危險(xiǎn)控制的基本方法，本質(zhì)安全設(shè)計(jì)是通過選擇安全的材料、工藝路線、機(jī)械設(shè)備、裝置以消除或控制危險(xiǎn)源，而不是依賴“額外的”的安全措施或管理措施來控制他們。作為本質(zhì)安全設(shè)計(jì)，首先應(yīng)分析并找出可能出現(xiàn)在系統(tǒng)里的危險(xiǎn)，然后選擇最佳的方法來消除、控制危險(xiǎn)，這個(gè)方法反映在項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)中。

Ⅲ.礦用提升機(jī)的本質(zhì)安全設(shè)計(jì)

礦井提升機(jī)主要包括工作裝置、控制系統(tǒng)、傳輸系統(tǒng)和阻力、保護(hù)系統(tǒng)以及其他組成部分。在本質(zhì)安全的礦井提升機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)中，機(jī)械系統(tǒng)、控制系統(tǒng)和監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)是需要考慮的主要部分。

A:深入調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)故障

本質(zhì)安全性的概念是指在產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)過程中一直需要安全性。也就是說，設(shè)備應(yīng)盡可能少的在運(yùn)行過程中出現(xiàn)故障，并且具有長期的正常運(yùn)行周期。怎樣才能設(shè)計(jì)出本質(zhì)安全的設(shè)備，最重要的是能足夠了解設(shè)備，尤其是在工作的時(shí)候。經(jīng)過深入研究、充分了解情況，然后盡可能減少或消除設(shè)計(jì)中的缺陷。在深層研究的了解后，設(shè)計(jì)出產(chǎn)品。

B.機(jī)械系統(tǒng)

傳統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)方法周期長、成本高。然而,虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)通過采用建模、仿真，然后建立物理原型的方法從而有了節(jié)約設(shè)計(jì)成本、縮短設(shè)計(jì)周期的優(yōu)勢。因此,虛擬設(shè)計(jì)是機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)發(fā)展的必然趨勢。在機(jī)械系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)中，應(yīng)用虛擬樣機(jī)來設(shè)計(jì)礦用提升機(jī)，不僅提高了設(shè)計(jì)速度，而且模擬了虛擬樣機(jī)的各種情況以發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)錯(cuò)誤，提高設(shè)計(jì)、改善礦井提升機(jī)的性能。

礦井提升機(jī)的機(jī)械系統(tǒng)由主軸、卷筒、減速器、電機(jī)、剎車和其他組成部分。在它的設(shè)計(jì)中，虛擬設(shè)計(jì)軟件PRO/E是用來建立提升機(jī)原型的,模擬軟件ADAMS是用來模擬和優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的。具體過程如圖1所示:

圖.1機(jī)械系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

C.控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

礦井提升機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)包括啟動、運(yùn)行、剎車等，控制系統(tǒng)的要求是：

在正常的提升機(jī)操作中，參與提升機(jī)的速度控制，到達(dá)目的地的時(shí)候制動提升機(jī)，稱為制動服務(wù)；

萬一發(fā)生緊急情況,可以根據(jù)要求快速慢下來，制動提升機(jī)，以防止事故的擴(kuò)大，也就是安全制動；

在減速的時(shí)候參與提升機(jī)的速度控制；

對于雙滾筒提升機(jī)，在調(diào)節(jié)鋼絲繩長度、更換水平和變化的鋼絲繩時(shí)，應(yīng)該分別制動活動卷筒和固定卷筒。這樣以來，當(dāng)主軸隨固定卷筒一起轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，活動卷筒就不能動了。

中國的大部分礦井提升機(jī)（70%以上）使用傳統(tǒng)的電氣控制系統(tǒng)(以TKD-A作為代表)。TKD控制系統(tǒng)由邏輯電路、大型空氣