2016普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(江蘇卷)

2016一般高等學(xué)校招生全國一致考試（江蘇卷）英語注意事項：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準考據(jù)號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準考據(jù)號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定地點。用2B鉛筆將答題卡上試卷種類A后的方框涂黑。2.選擇題的作答：每題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑，寫在試題卷、底稿紙和答題卡上的非答題地區(qū)均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用署名筆挺接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題地區(qū)內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、底稿紙和答題卡上的非答題地區(qū)均無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，現(xiàn)將答案標在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共

5小題；每題

1.5分，滿分

7.5分）聽下邊

5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題。從題中所給的

A、B、C

三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)地點。聽完每段對話后，你都有

10秒鐘的時間回答相關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。Whatarethespeaerstalingabout?A.Havingabirthdayparty.B.Doingsomeeercise.C.GettingLydiaagift.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Helptheman.B.Taeabus.C.Getacamera.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Tellate’stostop.B.Callate’sfriends.C.Stayawayfromate.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytaeplace?A.Inawineshop.B.Inasupermaret.C.Inarestaurant.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.eepthewindowclosed.B.Gooutforfreshair.C.Turnonthefan.第二節(jié)（共

15小題；每題

1.5分，滿分

22.5分）聽下邊

5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的

A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)地點。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段資料，回答第6、7題。Whatisthemangoingtodothissummer?A.Teachacourse.Howwillthemanusethemoney?A.Tohireagardener.B.Tobuyboos.C.Topayforaboattrip.聽第7段資料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeaers?Schoolmates.Colleagues.Roommates.WhatdoesFranplantodorightaftergraduation?A.Worasaprogrammer.B.Travelaroundtheworld.C.Starthisownbusiness.聽第8段資料，回答第10至12題。Whydoesthewomanmaethecall?A.Tobooahotelroom.Whenwillthewomanarriveatthehotel?A.OnSeptember15.B.OnSeptember16.C.OnSeptember23.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforherroompernight?A.$179.B.$199.C.$219.聽第9段資料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewoman’splanforSaturday?A.Goingshopping.B.Goingcamping.C.Goingboating.14.Wherewillthewomanstayineswic?A.Inacountryinn.B.Inafive-starhotel.C.Inheraunt’shome.15.WhatwillGordondoovertheweeend?A.Visithisfriends.B.WatchDVDs.C.Jointhewoman.16.WhatdoesthewomanthinofGordon’scomingweeend?A.Relaed.B.Boring.C.Busy.聽第10段資料，回答第17至20題。17.WhoisWangMing?A.Astudent.B.Anemployer.C.Anengineer.Whatdoesthespeaersayaboutthecollegejobmaretthisyear?A.It’’’snotoptimistic.Whatpercentageofstudentjobseeershavefoundajobbynow?A.20%.B.22%.C.50%.Whyareengineeringgraduatesmorelielytoacceptajob?A.TheyneedmoreworeperienceB.Thesalaryisusuallygood.C.Theirchoiceislimited.第二部分：英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)：單項填空（共15小題；每題1分，滿分15分）請閱讀下邊各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild______heorshewants.答案是B。Moreefforts,asreported,______intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupply-sidestructuralreform.Manyyoungpeople,most______werewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.24.—Canyoutellusyourforhappinessandalonglife?—26.______somepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.27.Ifitforhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.Dashan,whocrosstal,theChinesecomedictradition,fordecades,wantstomiitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.Manybusinessesstartedupbycollegestudentshavethanstothecomfortableclimateforbusinesscreation.31.Hiscomprehensivesurveyshaveprovidedthemoststatementsofhow,andonwhatbasis,dataarecollected.32.—Onlythosewhohavealotincommoncangetalongwell.—.Oppositessometimesdoattract.33.Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildrento______theopportunitytojoinsportsteams.34.Notuntilrecently______thedevelopmentoftourist-relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.35.—Jacstillcan’thelpbeinganiousabouthisjobinterview.—Lacofself-confidenceishis______,Iamafraid.A.Achilles’heelB.child’第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每題1分，滿分20分）請閱讀下邊短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確選項，并在答題卡大將該項涂黑。Yearsago,acriticaleventoccurredinmylifethatwouldchangeitforever.ImeturtampmeirofSuccessMotivationIncorporationforbreafast.Whilewewere___36,urtasedme,“John,whatisyour37forpersonalgrowth?Neveratalossforwords,Itriedtofindthingsinmylifethatmight38forgrowth.ItoldhimaboutthemanyactivitiesinwhichIwas39.AndIwentintoa40abouthowhardIworedandthegainsIwasmaing.Imusthavetaledfortenminutes.urt41patiently,butthenhe42smiledandsaid,“Youdon’thaveapersonalplanforgrowth,doyou?”“No,I43.“Younow,”urtsaidsimply,“growthisnota(n)44process.”Andthat’swhenit45me.Iwasn’tdoinganything46tomaemyselfbetter.Andatthatmoment,Imadethe47Iwilldevelopandfollowapersonalgrowthplanformy48.Thatnight,Italedtomywifeaboutmy49withurtandwhatIhadlearned.I50hertheworbooandtapesurtwasselling.We51thaturtwasn’tjusttryingtomaeasale.Hewasofferinga52forustochangeourlivesandachieveourdreams.Severalimportantthingshappenedthatday.First,wedecidedto53theresources.Butmoreimportantly,wemadeacommitmentto54togetherasacouple.Fromthatdayon,welearnedtogether,traveledtogether,andsacrificedtogether.Itwasa55decision.Whiletoomanycouplesgrowapart,weweregrowingtogether.第三部分：閱讀理解（共15小題；每題2分，滿分30分）請閱讀以下短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確選項，并在答題卡大將該項涂黑。ADayschoolProgramaretaughtbyTDSBsecondaryschoolteachersarepartoftheTDSBStudent’stimetable;andappearontheStudent’sreportuponcompletionBenefitsofe-LearningIncludeAccesstocoursesthatmaynotbeavailableathisorherTDSBschoolUsingtechnologytoprovidestudentswithcurrentinformationand.assistancetosolvetimetableconflictsIse-LearningforYou?Studentswhoaresuccessfulinon-linecourseareusually;abletoplan,organietimeandcompleteassignmentsandactivities;capableofworingindependentlyinaresponsibleandhonestmanner;and,abletoregularlyuseacomputerormobiledevicewithinternetaccessStudentsneedtospendatleastasmuchtimewiththeiron-linecourseworastheywouldinaface-to-faceclassroomcourse.56.E-LearningcoursesaredifferentfromotherTDSBcoursesinthat.A.theyaregivenbybestTDSBteachers.B.theyarenotonthedayschooltimetable.C.theyarenotincludedonstudents’reports.D.theyareanadditiontoTDSBcourses.57.Whatdostudentsneedtodobeforecompletinge-learningcourses?A.Tolearninformationtechnologyon-line.B.Todotheirassignmentsindependently.C.Toupdatetheirmobiledevicesregularly.D.Totalfacetofacewiththeirteachers.BChimps(黑猩猩)willcooperateincertainways,liegatheringinwarpartiestoprotecttheirterritory.Butbeyondtheminimumrequirementsassocialbeings,theyhavelittleinstinct(本能)tohelponeanother.Chimpsinthewildseefoodforthemselves.Evenchimpmothersregularlydeclinetosharefoodwiththeirchildren.Whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfood.Inthelaboratory,chimpsdon’tnaturallysharefoodeither.Ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimselfor,withnogreateffort,aplatethatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighbortothenetcage,hewillpullatrandom---hejustdoesn’tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot.Chimpsaretrulyselfish.Humanchildren,ontheotherhandareetremelycorporative.Fromtheearliestages,theydecidetohelpothers,toshareinformationandtoparticipateaachievingcommongoals.ThepsychologistMichaelTomasellohasstudiedthiscooperativenessinaseriesofepensivewithveryyoungchildren.Hefindsthatifbabiesaged18monthsseeanworriedadultwithhandsfulltryingtoopenadoor,almostallwillimmediatelytrytohelp.childrenbeforetheirgeneralcognitive（認知的）sills,atleastwhencomparedwithchimps..IntestsconductedbyTomtasell,thechildrendidnobetterthanthechimpsonthephysicalworldtests,butwereconsiderablybetteratunderstandingthesocialworldThecureofwhatchildren’smindshaveandchimps’don’tinwhatTomasellocallswhat.Partofthisabilityisthattheycaninferwhatothersnoworarethining.Butthat,evenveryyoungchildrenwanttobepartofasharedpurpose.Theyactivelyseetobepartofa“we”,agroupthatintendstowortowardasharedgoal.Whatcanwelearnfromtheeperimentwithchimps?A.Chimpsseldomcareaboutothers’interests.B.Chimpstendtoprovidefoodfortheirchildren.C.Chimpslietotaeintheirneighbors’food.D.Chimpsnaturallysharefoodwitheachother.MichaelTomasello’Thepassageismainlyabout____.A.thehelpingbehaviorsofyoungchildrenB.waystotrainchildren’ssharedintentionalityC.cooperationasadistinctivehumannatureD.thedevelopmentofintelligenceinchildrenCElNifio,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild”,wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermanshonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNifioseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbaceastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaen,orsometimestheotherwayround.Theweathereffectsbothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNifio,onbalance,thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNifioin1997helpedAmerican’seconomygrowby15billion,partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvest,farmersintheMidwestgainedfrometrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalinrichcountriesingrowththanthefallinpoorones.ButinIndonesiaetremelydryforestsareinflames.Amulti-yeardrought(干旱）insouth-eastBrailisbecomingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNinomayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia,theyarelielytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.ThemostrecentpowerfulNino,in1997-98,illedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNinoscomewithmonthsofwarning,andsomuchisnownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI),however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrissinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonris-reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)備）canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers(下水道）maeitlesslielythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreaofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslielytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.Accordingtoapaperin2011byMrHsiangandco-authors,civilconflictisrelatedtoElNino’sharmfuleffects—andthepoorerthecountry,thestrongerthelin.Thoughtherelationshipmaynotbecausal,helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheristhatthosedisastersarefollowedbyillingandwoundingpeople.SincethepoorestareleastlielytomaeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinedtoElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.WhatcanwelearnaboutElNinoinParagraph1?A.ItisnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman.WhatmayElNinosbringabouttothecountriesaffected?A.Agriculturalharvestsinrichcountriesfall.B.Droughtsbecomemoreharmfulthanfloods.C.Richcountries’gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses.D.Poorcountriessufferlessfromdroughtseconomically.ThedataprovidedbyODIinParagraph4suggestthatA.moreinvestmentshouldgotorisreductionB.governmentsofpoorcountriesneedmoreaidC.victimsofElNinodeservemorecompensationD.recoveryandreconstructionshouldcomefirstWhatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TointroduceElNinoanditsorigin.B.ToeplaintheconsequencesofElNino.C.ToshowwaysoffightingagainstElNino.D.TourgepeopletoprepareforElNino.DNotsolongago,mostpeopledidn’tnowwhoShellyAnnFrancisPrycewasgoingtobecome.Shewasjustanaveragehighschoolathlete.TherewaseveryindicationthatshewasjustanotherAmericanteenagerwithoutmuchofafuture.However,onepersonwantstochangethis.StephenFrancisobservedtheneighteen-year-oldShellyAnnasatracmeetandwasconvincedthathehadseenthebeginningoftruegreatness.Hertimewerenoteactlyimpressive,butevenso,heseemedtherewassomethingtryingtogetout,somethingtheothercoacheshadoverlooedwhentheyhadassessedherandfoundherlacing.HedecidedtoofferShellyAnnaplaceinhisverystricttrainingseasons.Theircooperationquiclyproducedresults,andafewyearlateratJamaica’sOlympicgamesinearly2008,ShellyAnn,whoatthattimeonlyranednumber70intheworld,beatJamaica’sunchallengedqueenofthesprint(短跑).“Wheredidshecomefrom?”asedanastonishedsprintingworld,beforeconcludingthatshemustbeoneofthoseone-hitwondersthatspringupfromtimetotime,onlytodisappearagainwithoutsigns.ButShellyAnnwastoprovethatshewasanythingbutaone-hitwonder.AttheBeijingOlympicshesweptawayanydoubtsaboutherabilitytoperformconsistentlybybecomingthefirstJamaicanwomanevertowinthe100metersOlympicgold.ShediditagainoneyearonattheWorldChampionshipinBriton,becomingworldchampionwithatimeof10.73---thefourthrecordever.effortless.ShegrewupinoneofJamaica’stoughestinner-citycommunitiesnownasWaterhouse,whereshelivedinaone-roomapartment,sleepingfourinabedwithhermotherandtwobrothers.Waterhouse,oneofthepoorestcommunitiesinJamaica,isareallyviolentandoverpopulatedplace.SeveralofShelly-Ann'sfriendsandfamilywerecaughtupintheillings;oneofhercousinswasshotdeadonlyafewstreetsawayfromwhereshelived.Sometimesherfamilydidn’thaveenoughtoeat.Sheranattheschoolchampionshipsbarefootedbecauseshecouldn’taffordshoes.HermotherMaime,oneofafamilyoffourteen,hadbeenanathleteherselfasayounggirlbut,liesomanyothergirlsinWaterhouse,hadtostopaftershehadherfirstbaby.Maime’searlyentryintotheadultworldwithitsresponsibilitiesgaveherthedeterminationtoensurethatheridswouldnotendupinWaterhouse'sroundaboutofpoverty.OneofthefirstthingsMaimeusedtodowithShelly-Annwastainghertothetrac,andshewasreadytosacrificeeverything.Itdidn'ttaelongforShelly-AnntorealiethatsportscouldbeherwayoutofWaterhouse.OnasummereveninginBeijingin2008,allthoselong,hardhoursofworandcommitmentfinallyborefruit.Thebarefootidwhojustafewyearspreviouslyhadbeenlivinginpoverty,surroundedbycriminalsandviolence,hadwrittenanewchapterinthehistoryofsports.ButShelly-Ann’svictorywasfargreaterthanthat.ThenightshewonOlympicgoldinBeijing,theroutinemurdersinWaterhouseandthedrugwarsintheneighbouringstreetsstopped.Thedarcloudaboveoneoftheworld’stoughestcriminalneighbourhoodssimplydisappearedforafewdays.“Ihavesomuchfireburningformycountry,”theJamaicanstolaydowntheirweapons.Sheintendstofighttomaeitawoman’saswellasaman’sworld.AsMuhammadAliputsit,“Championsaren'tmadeingyms.Championsaremadefromsomethingtheyhavedeepinsidethem.Adesire,adream,avision”.OneofthethingsShelly-Anncanbeproudofisherunderstandingofthistruth.WhydidStephenFrancisdecidetocoachShelly-Ann?A.Hehadastrongdesiretofreeherfamilyfromtrouble.B.Hesensedagreatpotentialinherdespiteherweanesses.C.Shehadbigproblemsmaintainingherperformance.D.Shesufferedalotofdefeatsattheprevioustracmeets.WhatdidthesprintingworldthinofShelly-Annbeforethe2008OlympicGames?A.Shewouldbecomeapromisingstar.B.Shebadlyneededtosethighergoals.C.Hersprintingcareerwouldnotlastlong.D.Hertalentforsprintingwasnowntoall.WhatmadeMaimedecidetotrainherdaughteronthetrac?A.Hersuccessandlessonsinhercareer.B.HerinterestinShelly-Ann’squicprofit.WhatcanweinferfromShelly-Ann'sstatementunderlinedinParagraph5?A.Shewashighlyrewardedforherefforts.B.Shewaseagertodomoreforhercountry.C.Shebecameanathleticstarinhercountry.D.Shewastheenvyofthewholecommunity.BymentioningMuhammadAli’B.greatathletesneedtoconcentrateonpatienceC.hardworisnecessaryinone’sachievementsD.motivationallowsgreatathletestobeonthetopWhatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheMaingofaGreatAthleteB.TheDreamforChampionshipC.TheeytoHighPerformanceD.ThePowerofFullResponsibility第四部分：任務(wù)型閱讀（共10小題；每題1分，滿分10分）請閱讀下邊短文，并依據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最適合的單詞。注意：請將答案寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。每個空格只填A(yù)nEtensionoftheHumanBrain

1個單詞。Otherpeoplecanhelpuscompensateforourmentalandemotionaldeficiencies欠(缺)，muchasawoodenlegcancompensateforaphysicaldeficiency.Tobeeact,otherpeoplecanetendourintelligenceandhelpusunderstandandadjustouremotions.Whenanotherpersonhelpsusinsuchways,heorsheisparticipatinginwhatI’vecalleda“socialprosthetic(義肢的）system.”Suchsystemsdonotneedtooperateface-to-face,andit’scleartomethattheInternetisepandingtherangeofmyownsocialprostheticsystems.It’salreadyabigbanofmanyminds.Eveninitscurrentstate,theInternethasetendedmymemoryandjudgment.RegardingmemoryOnceIlooupsomethingontheInternet,Idon’tneedtoeepallthedetailsforfutureuse—Inowwheretofindthatinformationagainandcanquiclyandeasilydoso.Moregenerally,theInternetfunctionsasifitweremymemory.ThisfunctionoftheInternetisparticularlystriingwhenI’mwriting;I’mnolongercomfortablewritingifI’mnotconnectedtotheInternet.It’sbecomenaturaltochecfactsasIwrite,taingaminuteortwotodipintoPubMed,Wiipedia,orotherwebsites.RegardingjudgmentTheInternethasmademesmarterinmatterssmallandlarge.Foreample,whenI’mwritingatetboo,ithasbecomesecondnaturetochecadoendefinitionsofaeyterm,whichhelpsmedigintothecoreandunderstanditsmeaning.Butmorethanthat,Inowregularlycomparemyviewswiththoseofmanyothers.IfIhavea“newidea,”Inowquiclylootoseewhethersomebodyelsehasalreadythoughtofit,orsomethingsimilar—andIthencomparewhatIthinwithwhatothershavethought.Thiscertainlymaesmyownviewsclearer.Moreover,IcanfindoutwhethermyreactionstoaneventarereasonableenoughbyreadingaboutthoseofothersontheInternet.TheseeffectsoftheInternethavebecomeevenmorestriingsince’Ivebegunusingasmartphone.Inowregularlypulloutmyphonetochecafact,watchavideo,readweibo.Suchactivitiesfillthespacesthatusedtobedeadtime(suchaswaitingforsomebodytoarriveforalunchmeeting).Butthat’stheupside(利處).ThedownsideisthatinthosedeadperiodsIoftenwouldletmythoughtsflowandsometimeswouldhaveanunepectedinsightoridea.Thoseopportunitiesarenowfewerandfartherbetween.AnEtensionoftheHumanBrainAprostheticnature蔭●The(71)▲canhelpmaeupforourmentalandemotionaldeficienciesasawoodenlegcancompensateforabodilydeficiency.?●It(72)▲inourdailyevents,etendingourintelligence,comprehendingourfeelings,andepandingtherangeofsocialactivities.Wonderfulaspectsmemoryandjudgment?●OntheInternet,wecouldquiclyandeasilylocatethedetails,andchecfacts,without(73)▲theminmind.●TheInternetmaesussmarterover(74)▲indsofthings.Itprovidesadoendefinitionsofaeytermforustofindthe(75)▲ofthematter.?●TheInternetenablesustoechangeideaswithmanyothersto(76)▲ourclaims,andto(77)ouractions.The(78)▲sidesofsmartphones?●Smartphonesmaeiteasierandmore(79)▲tochecreality,watchvideoclips,readweibo.●Smartphones(80)▲thepossibilityfornewandinsightfulminds,andstealawayourdeadtime.第五部分：書面表達（滿分25分）81.請閱讀下邊短文，并依據(jù)要求用英語寫一篇150詞左右的文章。Inrecentyears,internetvotinghasbecomeincreasinglypopularinChina.Peoplenotonlycaston-linevotesthemselves,butalsourgeotherstovoteforcompetitionsliethe“MostBeautifulTeacher”andthe“CutestBaby”.LiJiang,ahighschoolstudent,isinvitedtovoteinthe“BestPoliceOfficer冶competition,organiedbythelocalgovernmenttoletthepublichaveabetterunderstandingofpoliceofficers’dailywor.LiJiangvisitsthewebsiteandreadsallthestories.Heisdeeplymovedbytheirgloriousdeeds.Heisalreadythiningofbecomingapolicemanhimselfinthefuture.SuHuaisinvitedbyhisuncletovoteforhiscousininthe“FutureSinger冶competition.Hehasalreadyreceivedthreesimilarinvitationsthiswee.Hisuncletellshimthatifhiscousinwin