新版yfwAAA2023高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-Unit-1-Women-of-achievement練習(xí)-新人教版必修4

PAGEPAGE11Unit1Womenofachievement新題型—短文語法填空(由2023·馬鞍山市第三次質(zhì)檢改編)AskanygroupofteenagersintheUKwhattheymostliketoeat,andfoodslikepizzas,hamburgersandchipsaresuretogetamention.Butwhatteenagersliketoeatisnotnecessarilywhattheyshouldbeeating.AccordingtotheNationalDietandNutritionSurvey,fartoomanyyoungpeopleintheUKbetweentheagesof4and18consumetoomuchfat,sugarandsaltintheirdiet.Meanwhile,theirintakeoffibre,ironandcalcium(鈣)istoolow.Foragrowingbody,eatingfoodscontainingplentyofcalcium,suchasmilk,yogurtandcheese,isimportantascalciumiscompletelynecessaryforthedevelopmentofhealthy,strongbones.Similarly,foodsthatarerichinironaregoodforyoung,rapidlydevelopingbodies,soredmeat,bread,greenvegetables,anddriedfruitarealsorecommended.Itisduringourteenageyearsthatlifestylehabitscanbeformed,soitisvitalthatyoungpeopleareeducatedaboutwhatfoodsaregoodforthem.In2023,andinanattempttochangeeatinghabitsandopenteenagers'mindstonewtastes,thefamouschef,JamieOliverstarteda“FeedMeBetter〞campaign.HeworkedwithteachersandcooksinanumberofschoolsacrosstheUKtoprovidemorehealthy,nutritiousschoolmealchoices.Althoughsometeenagersandparentsresistedit,thecampaignwasingeneralbelievedasahugesuccessandhelpedtoinfluencegovernmentalpolicyonnutritionalstandardsforschoolmeals.Nooneexpectstoendtheteenageloveaffairwithfastandjunkfoodbut,hopefully,ifprojectslike“FeedMeBetter〞continuetogiveouttherightmessages,moreyoungpeoplewillunderstandtheimportanceofbalancingseveraltreatswithhealthierfoodchoices.Title:ALittleofWhatYouFancy1.______Teenagers'2.______hastoomuchfat,sugar,saltandcalories.Theydon't3.______inenoughfibre,ironandcalcium.RecommendationTeenagerseatfoodswhich4.______plentyofcalcium.Foodsrichinironshouldbeeatenfortheyoungbodiesin5.______development.“FeedMeBetter〞CampaignItisimportantforyoungpeopletohavethe6.______aboutgoodlifestylehabits.●JamieOliver7.______tochangeteenagers'eatinghabits.●Morehealthy,nutritiousmealchoiceswere8.______forschools.Thecampaignwas9.______believedsuccessfulthoughresisted.ExpectationYoungpeoplecanfinda10.______betweentheirtreatsandhealthyfoodchoices.答案：1．Problems2.diet/food3.take4.contain/have5.rapid6．vided9.generally10．balance一、單句語法填空1．(2023·福建，短文填詞)Thediscussionwillverysoonturninto________argument.2．(2023·北京，閱讀B)Apparentlysatisfiedthatwecausednofurtherthreat，thebear________(move)off.3．(2023·重慶，閱讀A)Thedisabledshouldbetreated________respect.4．(2023·陜西，閱讀D)Otherformsofparentalinvolvement，includingvolunteeringatschooland________(observe)achild'sclass，alsofailtohelp.5．(2023·陜西，六選五)Itisnecessaryforustothinkofothersandbeconsiderate________them.6．(2023·湖北，閱讀E)Today，astheworld'surbanpopulationexplodes，andcitiesbecomemore________(crowd)tallerandmorecrowded，America'stotalnumberofelevatorsareaforcethat'sbecomingmoreimportantthanever.7．He'smoreofatalkerthanadoer，whichiswhyhe________(achieve)nothingsofar.8．(2023·四川，閱讀E)Iwas________(inspire)whilewatchingatelevisionprogramshowinghowsledsmighthavehelpedwithpyramidconstruction.9．Personally，Idon'tthinkitworthwhileforthem________(spend)allthesavingsonthistrip.10．(2023·江蘇，閱讀C)It'sverylikelythatyou'llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththe________(organize)activities.答案1.an2.moved3.with4.observing5.to6．crowded7.hasachieved8.inspired9.toanization's二、完形填空完形填空。Atthe1924OlympicGamesinParis，thefavoriteteaminthefour-mancanoeracewastheUnitedStatesteam.OnememberofthatteamwasayoungmanbythenameofBillHavens.AsthetimefortheOlympics__1__，itbecameclearthatBill'swifewouldgivebirthtotheirfirstchildaboutthetimethattheUSteamwouldbe__2__intheParisgames.In1924therewerenojetairlinersfromParistotheUnitedStates，only__3__ocean-goingships.AndsoBillfoundhimselfina__4__.ShouldhegotoParisand__5__notbeingathiswife'ssidewhentheirbabywasborn？Orshouldhe__6__fromtheteamandremainwithhisfamily?Bill'swife__7__thathegotoParis.__8__，competingintheOlympicswashislifelong__9__.ButBillfelt__10__and,aftermuchsoul-searching，__11__towithdrawfromthecompetitionandremainhome，wherehecould__12__hiswifewhenthechildarrived.Asit__13__，theUnitedStatesfour-mancanoeteamwonthegoldmedalinParis.AndBill'swifewas__14__ingivingbirthtotheirchild.Shewassolate，infact，thatBillcouldhavecompetedintheeventandreturnedhomeintimetobewithherwhenshegave__15__.Peoplesaid，“Whatashame.〞ButBillsaidhehadno__16__.Fortherestofhislife，hebelievedhehadmadethe__17__decision.BillHavensknewwhatwasmost__18__tohim.Noteverybodyfiguresthatout.Andheactedonwhathebelievedwasbest.Noteverybodyhasthe__19__tosaynotosomethingheorshetrulywantsinordertosayyestosomethingthattruly__20__.ButforBill，itwastheonlywaytopeace；theonlywaytonoregrets.文章大意：BillHavens即將參加1924年奧運(yùn)會的四人劃艇比賽，但為了即將分娩的妻子，他選擇放棄比賽，從而錯過了贏得奧運(yùn)金牌的時機(jī)。面對眾人的惋惜，他卻表示從未為此感到懊悔。1.A．neared B．startedC．ended D．narrowed答案：A根據(jù)下文可知，奧運(yùn)會臨近了，他的妻子也快要分娩了。near作動詞時意為“接近，臨近〞。2．A.practising B．competingC．entering D．trying答案：B根據(jù)空后的intheParisgames可知，此處指他妻子分娩時他應(yīng)該正在巴黎奧運(yùn)會上比賽(compete)。3．A.expensive B．heavyC．large D．slow答案：D此處與空前的jetairliners形成比照，說明當(dāng)時只有速度很慢的(slow)船只可以到達(dá)巴黎。4．A.hurry B．puzzleC．dilemma D．trap答案：C是參加比賽，還是待在家里陪護(hù)妻子，他處于兩難的境地，dilemma“(進(jìn)退兩難的)窘境，困境〞。5．A.avoid B．riskC．bear D．miss答案：B根據(jù)上文可知，如果他去巴黎參加奧運(yùn)比賽就要冒孩子出生時他不在妻子身邊的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。risk“冒……的危險(xiǎn)〞。6．A.break B．keepC．wander D．withdraw答案：D根據(jù)空后的remainwithhisfamily可知，他在考慮自己是否應(yīng)該從隊(duì)中退出，待在家里。withdrawfrom“退出，離開〞。7．A.complained B．preferredC．insisted D．promised答案：C根據(jù)空后的thathegotoParis可知，這里用的是虛擬語氣，四個選項(xiàng)中只有insist符合這一要求，從語義上也可得此答案。8．A.Afterall B．AboveallC．Inall D．Atall答案：A此處強(qiáng)調(diào)比賽對他的重要性，用“畢竟〞來加強(qiáng)語氣。aboveall“首先，最重要的是〞，inall“總共，合計(jì)〞，atall“根本，究竟〞，都不符合語義。9．A.purpose B．struggleC．opportunity D．dream答案：D根據(jù)語境可知，他之所以處于兩難境地，他的妻子之所以勸他去，都是因?yàn)閰⒓訆W運(yùn)比賽是他一生的夢想(dream)。10．A.disappointed B．conflictedC．confused D．encouraged答案：B根據(jù)上文可知，他處于進(jìn)退兩難的境地，內(nèi)心很矛盾。conflicted“沖突的，矛盾的〞。11．A.expected B．continuedC．decided D．stopped答案：C根據(jù)下文可知，此處表示經(jīng)過深思，他決定(decide)退出比賽，待在家里。12．A.support B．watchC．comfort D．a(chǎn)ppreciate答案：A他最終決定留在家里，這樣他就可以在孩子降生時支持、幫助妻子，故用support。13．A.fedback B．pointedoutC．cameout D．turnedout答案：D最后的結(jié)果是，美國四人劃艇隊(duì)獲得了巴黎奧運(yùn)會的金牌。turnout“結(jié)果是〞。14．A.effortless B．sorryC．late D．hard答案：C根據(jù)下一句中的Shewassolate可知，此處應(yīng)用late，表示他妻子分娩的時間比預(yù)產(chǎn)期晚。15．A.expression B．birthC．way D．break答案：B根據(jù)14空后的givingbirthtotheirchild可知此處應(yīng)用birth。16．A.pains B．sufferingsC．defeats D．regrets答案：D由上一句可知，人們?yōu)樗械酵锵?，而But一詞說明他的想法和眾人不同，也就是說他不懊悔。regret“懊悔，遺憾〞。17．A.better B．biggerC．worse D．more答案：A上文說他自己并不懊悔，說明他相信這是他做出的最好的決定。18．A.obvious B．trueC．important D．close答案：CBill能做出這樣的決定是因?yàn)樗朗裁磳ψ约鹤钪匾?important)。19．A.responsibility B．loveC．kindness D．strength答案：D此處是作者的觀點(diǎn)：并不是每個人都有“力量〞對他或她真正想要的東西說不。20．A.lasts B．mattersC．works D．records答案：B他放棄了自己的夢想是為了選擇對自己來說重要的事情。matter“有重要性，有重大關(guān)系〞。三、閱讀理解A【2023模擬題】閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)〔A、B、C和D〕中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)。WhenIwas8yearsold,Idecidedtorunawayfromhomeafteraquarrelwithmymother.Withmysuitcasepackedandsomesandwichesinabag,Istartedforthefrontdoor.MymomaskedwhereIwasgoing.“I’mleavinghome,〞Isaid.“What’sthatyou’recarrying?〞sheasked.“Someclothesandfood,〞Ireplied.“Ifyouwanttorunaway,that’sallright,〞shesaid.“Butyoucameintothishomewithoutanythingandyoucanleavethesameway.〞Ithrewmysuitcaseandsandwichesonthefloorandstartedforthedooragain.“Waitaminute,〞Momsaid.“Youdidn’thaveanyclothesonwhenyouarrived,andIwantthemback.〞Thisinfuriatedme.Itoremyclothesoff—shoes,socks,underwearandall—andshouted,“CanIgonow?〞“Yes,〞mymomanswered,“butonceyouclosethatdoor,don’texpecttocomeback.〞IwassoangrythatIshutthedoorforcefullyandsteppedoutofmyhome.ThenInoticeddownthestreettwoneighborgirlswalkingtowardourhouse.IwassoshythatIsawthebigspruce(云杉)treeinouryardandjumpedunderthelow-hangingbranches.Apileofdried-upbrownneedleswerebeneaththetree,andyoucan’timaginethepainthosesharpneedlescausedtomybody.AfterIwassurethegirlshadpassedby,Irantothefrontdoorandknockedatitloudly.“It’sBilly!Letmein!〞Thevoicebehindthedooranswered,“Billydoesn’tlivehereanymore.Heranawayfromhome.〞Lookingbehindmetoseeifanyoneelsewascomingdownthestreet,Isaid,“Mom!I’msorry.I’mstillyourson.Letmein!〞ThedooropenedandMom’ssmilingfaceappeared.“Didyouchangeyourmindaboutrunningaway?〞sheasked.“What’sforsupper?〞Ismiledback.1.Whentheauthorwasleavinghome,hismotherorderedhimto_____.A.stayathomeB.takesomesandwichesC.leaveeverythingbehindD.checkhissuitcasecarefully2.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’smom?A.Selfishandproud.

B.Strictbutloving.C.Kindandhelpful.

D.Wisebutimpatient.3.Theunderlinedword“infuriated〞probablymeans“_____〞.A.surprised

B.warned

C.encouraged

D.angered4.Whydidtheauthorjumpunderthelow-hangingbranches?A.Toavoidbeingseen.B.Tofindsomeneedles.C.Toplayajokeonthetwogirls.D.Toattractthetwogirls’attention.5.Thelastsentence“What’sforsupper?〞mainlyshowsthattheauthor_____.A.feltveryhungryatthattimeB.changedhisplantoleavehomeC.wishedtoeatsomethingbeforeleavingD.wantedtoknowwhathismotherpreparedforsupper

(家庭)

本文是記敘文。作者在八歲的時候，因?yàn)榕c母親吵架萌生離家出走的想法，然而在他準(zhǔn)備邁出家門的那一刻，卻被母親攔住了，因?yàn)槟赣H向他提出了一個條件……1.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的Butyoucameintothishomewithoutanythingandyoucanleavethesameway可知，在作者要離家出走時，母親讓他把所有的東西都留下。2.B。推理判斷題。讓離家出走的兒子脫掉所有的衣服，顯示母親的苛刻，但母親又讓吃盡苦頭要求回家的兒子進(jìn)家門，由此可知，母親對兒子又充滿了愛。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。3.D。詞義猜想題。根據(jù)劃線詞后的Itoremyclothesoff

—

shoes,socks,underwearandall

—

andshouted,

“CanIgonow?〞可知，脫去衣服、大聲喊叫的作者十分生氣。故infuriated在此處有“激怒〞的意思。4.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的

...noticeddownthestreettwoneighborgirlswalkingtowardourhouse.Iwassoshythat...

可知，脫光了衣服的作者看到有人走過來，為了防止為難，跳到樹叢中以免被人看到。5.B。推理判斷題。在樹叢中受盡了苦頭的作者，最后向母親抱歉，要求回家，他說“晚飯吃什么〞暗含著他改變了離家出走的想法。B閱讀理解。閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)〔A、B、C和D〕中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)。Inbusiness,thereisaspeeddifference:It'sthedifferencebetweenhowimportantafirmsleaderssayspeedistotheircompetitive(競爭的)strategy〔策略〕andhowfastthecompanyactuallymoves.Thedifferenceisimportantregardlessofindustryandcompanysize.Companiesfearfuloflosingtheircompetitiveadvantagespendmuchtimeandmoneylookingforwaystopickupthespeed.Inourstudyof343businesses,thecompaniesthatchoosetogo,go,gototrytogainanedgeendedupwithlowersalesandoperatingincomesthanthosethatpausedatkeymomentstomakesuretheywereontherighttrack,What’smore,thefirmsthat“sloweddowntospeedup“improvedtheirtopandbottomlines,averaging40%highersalesand52%higheroperatingincomesoverathree-yearperiod.Howdidtheydisobeythelawsofbusinessphysics,takingmoretimethancompetitorsyetperformingbetter?Theythoughtdifferentlyaboutwhat“slower〞and“faster〞mean.Firmssometimesfailtounderstandthedifferencebetweenoperationspeed(movingquickly)andstrategicspeed(reducingthetimeittakestodelivervalue).Simplyincreasingthespeedofproduction,forexample,maybeonewaytotrytoreducethespeeddifference.Butthatoftenleadstoreducedvalueovertime,intheformoflower-qualityproductsandservices.Inourstudy,higher-performingcompanieswithstrategicspeedalwaysmadechangeswhennecessary.Theybecamemoreopentoideasanddiscussion.Theyencouragednewwaysofthinking.Andtheyallowedtimetolookbackandlearn.Bycontrast(相比而言),performancesufferedatfirmsthatmovedfastallthetime,paidtoomuchattentiontoimprovingefficiency,stucktotestedmethods,didn’tdevelopteamspiritamongtheiremployees,andhadlittletimethinkingaboutchanges.Strategicspeedservesasakindofleadership.Teamsthatregularlytaketimetogetthingsright,ratherthanploughaheadfullbore,aremoresuccessfulinmeetingtheirbusinessgoals.Thatkindofstrategymustcomefromthetop.()1.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“gainanedge〞inParagraph2mean?A.Increasethespeed.B.Getanadvantage.C.Reachthelimit.D.Setagoal.()2.Theunderlinedpart“thelawsofbusinessphysics〞inParagraph3means___________.A.spendingmoretimeandperformingworse.B.spendingmoretimeandperformingbetterC.spendinglesstimeandperformingworseD.spendinglesstimeandp