Unit 3 Reading The Future is in Our Genes 語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)課件-高中英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

B5U3ReadingThefutureisinourgenesLanguagepoints衡陽(yáng)市第二十六中學(xué)Mrs.LeeGoodafternoon,ladiesandgentlemen.Thankyouallforcomingtothislecture.Overthecourseofmycareer,Ihaveseenmanywonderfulscientificdevelopments,butnoneareasgame-changingasgenomeediting.IamfullofexcitementaboutthepossibilitiesthisscientificadvancecanbringandIhopetosharemyexcitementwithyoutoday.that

譯文：女士們，先生們，下午好！謝謝大家來(lái)聽(tīng)這個(gè)講座。在我的職業(yè)生涯中，我見(jiàn)證了許多了不起的科學(xué)發(fā)展，但沒(méi)有一個(gè)能像基因組編輯那樣具有顛覆性。我對(duì)這一科學(xué)進(jìn)步能帶來(lái)的可能性感到萬(wàn)分激動(dòng)，我希望今天能與你們分享我激動(dòng)的心情。職業(yè)生涯as…as…結(jié)構(gòu)定語(yǔ)從句Racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes.Asmanyofyoumayalreadyknow,genesplayacriticalroleinshapingourlives.Everythingfromthecolorofoureyestoourtalentformathsdependsongenes.Thecompletesetofgenesinsideacelloralivingbeingiscalledagenome.Ourownpersonalgenomecarriesalltheinformationneededtomakeusgrowanddevelop.Italsocontainsinformationthathelpsdetermineourlifespanandaffectsourchancesofcontractingcertaindiseases.Somepeople,forexample,carryagenethatmakesthemmorelikelytocatchacertainvirusordevelopaparticularformofcancer.起至關(guān)重要作用譯文：你們可能已經(jīng)知道，基因在塑造我們的人生方面起著至關(guān)重要作用。從眼睛的顏色到我們的數(shù)學(xué)天賦，一切都取決于基因?；蚪M是指一個(gè)細(xì)胞或生物體內(nèi)的一整套基因。我們的個(gè)人基因組攜帶著我們成長(zhǎng)和發(fā)展所需的所有信息。它（基因組）還包含其他信息，這些信息有助于決定我們壽命的長(zhǎng)短并影響我們患某些疾病的概率。例如，有些人攜帶著一種讓他們更有可能感染某種病毒或患上某種癌癥的基因。后置定語(yǔ)affectvt.短語(yǔ)變形affectsb./sth.beaffectedby…受……影響affection

n.喜愛(ài)；感情；影響haveagreataffectionfor…非常喜歡…gain/winsb’saffections得到某人的愛(ài)effect

n.effectiveadj.（2020江蘇）Athletesadscientistshavelongknownthatmealtiming_______(affect)performance.affectsGeneticistshavebeentryingtoidentifywhichgenesrelatetowhichdiseases,astheybelievegenomeeditingisaneffectivemeansofdiseasetreatmentandprevention.Itallowsgeneticiststomakechangestothegenomebycorrecting,adding,deletingorreplacingspecificpartsofthegeneticmaterial.Inthenearfuture,geneticistshopeto

applythistechnologytotreatawiderangeofhealthproblems.Soonwemaybeabletousesuchtreatmentstorestoreablindperson’svisionorgivesomeonewhowasborndeafanexcellentsenseofhearing.Ultimately,thisnewtechnologymightevenmakeitpossibletopreventdiseasesfromeverdevelopingbycorrectingabnormalgenesearlyon.Genomeediting,servingasanewweaponinthefightagainstdiseases,willleadtoafundamentalchangeinourapproachtohealthcare.因?yàn)镾herelatesherchildhoodexperiencesinthefirstchapters.Weseektoimproverelationsbetweenourtwocountries.Shemadearesolutiontovisitherrelativesmoreoften.Economicreformhasbroughtrelativewealthtopeasantfarmars.(v.描述）(n.關(guān)系）(n.親戚）(adj.相對(duì)的）運(yùn)用eventually/finallyfeel/think/believe/find/consider+it+adj./n.todosth.早期基本的；十分重要的后置定語(yǔ)方式identifyvt.短語(yǔ)變形identify…as…認(rèn)出……是…identifywith…認(rèn)同……;與……有同感/產(chǎn)

生共鳴identify…by…根據(jù)/憑借……辨認(rèn)出……identification

n.

鑒定；身份證明identificationcard身份證identity

n.

同一性；一致identical

adj.完全同樣的beidenticalto……和……一樣的beidenticalin在……方面一樣meansn.短語(yǔ)變形byallmeans盡一切辦法bymeansof借助……手段bynomeans/notbyanymeans決不by

this

means用這種方法meantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth.意味著做某事單復(fù)同形譯文：遺傳學(xué)家一直試圖找出哪些基因與哪些疾病有關(guān)，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為基因組編輯是治療和預(yù)防疾病的一種有效手段?；蚪M編輯允許遺傳學(xué)家對(duì)基因組進(jìn)行修改、糾正、增加、刪除或替換遺傳物質(zhì)的特定部分。在不久的將來(lái)，遺傳學(xué)家希望將這項(xiàng)技術(shù)應(yīng)用于治療各種各樣的健康問(wèn)題中。也許我們很快就能利用這些方法來(lái)恢復(fù)盲人的視力，或者讓先天性耳聾的人擁有敏銳的聽(tīng)力。最終，這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)甚至可能異?；騺?lái)預(yù)防患病?；蚪M編輯作為對(duì)抗疾病的新武器，將給我們的醫(yī)療保健手段帶來(lái)重大變革。Asthetechnologycontinuestodevelopatafastpace,however,questionsariseabouthowtouseitappropriately.Shouldwerestrictouruseofthistechnologytothetreatmentandpreventionofdiseases?Shouldweprohibitgeneticistsfromusingittoenhancehealthybodies?Onedaysoonwewillbeabletousegenomeeditingtoincreasethehumanresistancetocoldsandflus,tomakepeopletaller,tohelptheirmusclesdevelopfaster,tosharpenalloftheirsensesortomakethemmoreintelligent.Wewillalsobeabletoselectspecificcharacteristicsforchildrenbeforetheyareborn,creatingwhatsomehavecalled“designerbabies”.However,isthisagoodthing?Whatconsequencesmightithave?Philosophers,geneticistsandgovernmentofficialshaveallstartedtowrestlewithsuchmoralissues.Wehavetofigureouthowtokeepthetechnologyfromrunningwild.Thismeansputtingappropriatecontrolsinplacetomakesurethatgenomeeditingwillworktoouradvantage.Withoutthem,genomeeditingcouldbeasdangerousasacaroutofcontrol.迅猛地arise-arose-arisenarisefrom…（由……）引起resistdoingsth.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)努力解決、全力對(duì)付解決落實(shí)到位identifyvt.短語(yǔ)變形restrictsb./oneselfto…限制/約束/管束自己restricted

adj.

（大小或數(shù)量）有限制的，

受限制的berestrictedto限于restriction

n.限制prohibit(one’s)doingsth.使（某人）不能做某事prohibitdoingsth.禁止做某事Prohibition

n.禁止做某事discouragebanpreventforbidkeepstopsb.fromdoingsth.Without虛擬語(yǔ)氣Withoutelectricity,humanlifewouldbequitedifferent.Withoutyouradvice,Iwouldhavefailed.Withoutsth.主語(yǔ)+would/could/might/should+