中考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí)名詞 教案

初三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)教案：名詞【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1、了解名詞所包含的內(nèi)容2、掌握各名詞的用法3、運(yùn)用各名詞順利完成試題【學(xué)習(xí)重難點(diǎn)】可數(shù)名詞及其單復(fù)數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞【教學(xué)內(nèi)容】可數(shù)名詞及其單復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。單數(shù)形式在前面加a/an，例如aboy,anEnglishboy;單數(shù)名詞前面用a/an是由緊接著的單詞的第一個(gè)因素決定的，如果是輔音，就用a,元音則用an,如abanana,anorange,ausefulbook,anEnglishbook;復(fù)數(shù)形式通常在詞尾加入s/es,如pens,buses.可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化形式的變化規(guī)則變化：多數(shù)名詞直接在名詞后面加-s如：booksdesksfriendsrooms以o,s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的詞加-es如:potatoesbusesboxeswatchesbrushes(以o結(jié)尾的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式初中階段就只記住potatotomatohero(英雄)是加-es,其余的都是加-s,如：photoradio)以f/fe結(jié)尾的，把其改為v再加-es如：leaf-leaves,knife-knives,wife-wives.復(fù)數(shù)詞尾s（或es）的讀音方法如下表所示。復(fù)數(shù)詞尾s（或es）的讀音方法情況讀法例詞在[p][t][k][f]等清輔音后[s]cups,hats,cakes在[s][z][t][][F]等音后[iz]glasses,pages,oranges,buses,watches,faces在[b][d][][v]等濁輔音后[z]beds,dogs,cities,knivesF、以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的，把y改為i再加-es,如：baby-babies,country-countries.注意(以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的，直接加s即可)不規(guī)則變化：Child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth(3)單復(fù)數(shù)同形：deer-deer,sheep-sheep,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese(4)表示“某國(guó)人”的名詞，其變化有三種情況：A、aJapanese—fiveJapanese(Chinese)B、aFrenchman—fourFrenchmen(Englishmen/Englishwomen)C、aGerman—twoGermans(Russian/American/Indian/Italian/Korean)2、可以修飾可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)One/two/three等數(shù)詞；alotof,lotsof,some,many,afew,anumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞。3、注意事項(xiàng)people表示“人，人們”時(shí)，是個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞，不能在其后加-s，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式family,class是集合名詞，表示家庭/班級(jí)等集體時(shí)指單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式用單數(shù)；當(dāng)表示家庭/班級(jí)的成員時(shí)指復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。News,maths(math),glass是不可數(shù)名詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞。如：glasses,pants,shoes等，他們的量詞通常為：apairofglasses,twopairsofpants,threepairsofshoes等。名詞做形容詞時(shí)，一般不用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：一位十歲的女孩(aten-year-oldgirl),一家鞋鋪（ashoeshop）;如果要表示復(fù)數(shù)，則把名詞詞組中的最后一個(gè)名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：三棵蘋果樹（threeappletrees）,這些男學(xué)生（theseboystudents）.例外：當(dāng)man/woman做定語(yǔ)的時(shí)候與他們所修飾的名詞的數(shù)相一樣，如：兩個(gè)男老師（twomenteachers）三個(gè)女醫(yī)生（threewomendoctors）不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞指物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞和專有名詞等，通常沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。其前面不用冠詞a/an或數(shù)詞直接修飾，但可用much,some,any,alotof,alittle,little,little,much等詞修飾，還可用冠詞/數(shù)詞+量詞/容器+of短語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾，如：apieceofbread,twopiecesofbread;aglassofwater,twoglassesofwater等。常用的不可數(shù)名詞有moneyfoodmeatfishchickenporkbeefdrinkorangemilkteacokewaterricebreadhomeworknewspaperrainsnowwindcloudweatherairmathChinese專有名詞表示具體的人，事物，地點(diǎn)或機(jī)構(gòu)的專有名稱的詞叫專有名詞，通常要大寫單詞的首字母。如：BillGates,Lily,theGreatWall,China,No.1MiddleSchool等。名詞所有格有生命的或表時(shí)間的名詞加-‘s,其中，不以s結(jié)尾的名詞加-‘s,如：Lucy’smothertoday’snewsChildren’sDay;以S結(jié)尾的名詞加-‘,如：twominutes’walk,Teachers’Day無(wú)生命的名詞用of表示，如：thelegofthechair,amapofChina雙重所有格：thebookofMary’s,afriendofmybrother’s【注意】如果兩個(gè)名詞并列，并且分別有's，則表示“分別有”，例如：John'sandMary'srooms（約翰和瑪麗各有一間，共兩間）；Tom'sandMary'sbikes（兩人各自的自行車）。兩個(gè)名詞并列，只有一個(gè)'s，則表示“共有”，例如：JohnandMary'sroom（約翰和瑪麗共有一間）；TomandMary'smother（即Tom與Mary是兄妹）?！井?dāng)堂練習(xí)】寫出下列詞的正確形式復(fù)數(shù)形式face—()zoo—()photo—()hero—()potato—()tomamo—()belief—()box—()roof—()brush—()city—()key—()factory—()leaf—()thief—()wolf—()rose—()woman—()mouse—()goose—()sheep—()child—()翻譯兩頭鹿三個(gè)中國(guó)人四片面包一雙鞋Jim和Jane的書（兩張表達(dá)方法）五個(gè)六歲的學(xué)生這個(gè)孩子的一個(gè)玩具二.單項(xiàng)填空1．Wherehaveyoubeen,Tim?I’vebeento______.A.theHenryhouseB.theHenryfamilyC.TheHenry’shomeD.Henry’s2．InEngland,if____isinthemiddleoftheday,theeveningmealiscalledsupper.A.foodB.lunchC.breakfastD.dinner3．Youlookedforittwice,butyouhaven’tfoundit.Whynottry____.A.threetimesB.athirdtimeC.thethirdtimeD.once4．Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem______?Certainly.A.somebottlesofwatersB.somebottlesofwaterC.somebottleofwaterD.somebottleofwaters5．Mikehurtoneofhis______intheaccidentyesterday.A.toothB.feetC.handD.ear6．Thereissome_______ontheplate.A.cakesB.meatC.potatoD.pears7．InEngland,thelastnameisthe_______.A.familynameB.middleC.givennameD.fullname8．Thearegoingtofly_______toBeijing.A.GermenB.GermanyC.GermanysD.Germans9．The______hastwo_______.A.boys;watchesB.boy;watchC.boy;watchesD.boys;watch10．Thelittlebabyhastwo_______already.A.toothB.toothsC.teethD.teeths11．What’syour_______forbeinglateagain?A.ideaB.keyC.excuseD.news12．It’sdangeroushere.We’dbettergooutquickly.ButIthinkweshouldlet_______gooutfirst.A.womanandchildrenB.womenandchildC.womanandchildD.womenandchildren13．YoucanseeMr.Smithifthereisasign“_______”onthedoorofhisshop.Thanks.A.ENTRANCEB.BUSINESSHOURSC.THISSIDEUPD.NOSMOKING14．Aretheygoingtohaveapicnicon_______?A.Children’sDayB.Childrens’sDayC.ChildrensDayD.ChildrenDay15．Wherearethestudents?Aretheyin_______?A.theRoom406B.Room406C.the406RoomD.406Room【課后作業(yè)】一、寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：1.pencil-box___________2.wife_______3.Sunday________4.city______5.dress_______6.Englishman________7.match_______8.Chinese________9.zoo________10.exam________11.German__________二、單詞拼寫：12.Ihavealotof________(作業(yè))todoeveryday.13.His_______(褲子)arenew,butmineareold.14.Itisthebestoneofthe_________(照片)inmyfamily.15.Aretheybuildingany_______(圖書館)inthecity?16.Canyoucutthisbigpearintotwo_______(半)?17.Attheendof_______(八月),youmustgetreadyforthenewschoolyear.18.Treesareplantedinmostofthemountainv________.19.Ilikea_______.It’sneitherhotnorcold.20.T_______comesafterMonday.△提高型1.June1stis____Dayallovertheworld.A.Child’sB.Childs’C.Children’sD.Childrens’2.September10this___DayinChina,isn’tit?A.Teacher’sB.Teachers’C.TeacherD.Teacherof3._____ismadeof_____.A.Glass;glassB.Aglass;glassC.Glasses;glassesD.Aglass;glasses4.Thisis_______news.A.suchagoodB.averygoodC.sogoodaD.suchgood5.What______itis!Let’sgoswimming.A.afineweatherB.finedayC.afinedayD.badweather6.TheylikeChinese_____.A.foodandpeoplesB.foodsandpeopleC.foodsandpeopleD.foodandpeople7.LucyandIgotoschool_____everyday.A.onfeetB.onfootC.byfootsD.bybuses8.–Arethose_____? -No,theyaren’t.They’re_____.A.sheep;cowsB.sheep;cowC.sheeps;cowD.sheeps;cows9.Whatareyoulisteningto,Jane?____or____?A.amusic;anewsB.music;newsC.music;newsD.music;anews10.Howmany____and____arethereinyourclass?A.boystudent;girlonesB.girlsstudents;boysonesC.boysstudent;girloneD.girlstudents;boyones11.Agroupof____aretalkingwithtwo___overthere.A.Frenchmen;GermansB.Frenchmen;GermenC.German;FrenchmenD.Germans;Frenchmans12.Thatbusdriverdranktwo_____.A.glassofwaterB.glassesofwatersC.cupsofteaD.cupoftea13.Mrs.Smithisanoldfriendof_______.A.Bob’smotherB.Bob’smother’sC.motherofBobC.Bobmother’s14.Thetallmanwithabignoseis_______teacher.A.TomandCarlB.Tom’sandCarl’sC.TomandCarl’s15.Thereis______treeinourschool.A.a8-metres-tallB.an-8-metre-tallC.an8metrestall△綜合型1.In____time,thosemountainswillbecoveredwithtrees.A.fewyearB.afewyears’C.fewyearsD.afewyear’s2.Didyouhearthe______report?A.policeB.policemen’sC.policemans’D.policemens’3.Webought_____formymother’sbirthday.A.somemeatsB.somepiecesmeatC.apieceofmeatD.piecesofmeats4.–Whoseisthisnewdesk?-It’s_____.A.SueandJim’sB.SueandJimC.Sue’sandJim’s5.–Wouldyoulike_____coffee?-No,thanks.I’vedrunktwo__.A.any;bottlesoforangeB.little;bottleoforangesC.some;bottlesoforangeD.afew;bottleoforange6.–Howmany_____doyouwant?-Two,please.A.kilosofeggB.kiloofeggsC.kilosofeggsD.kiloofbread7.Therailwaystationistwo_____fromourhouse.A.hour’sdriveB.hours’driveC.hour-driveD.hoursdrive8.–Whereareyougoing,Lucy?-_______.A.TomyuncleB.Tomyuncle’sC.AtmyuncleD.Atmyuncle’s9.Haveyouread_____?A.anewspaperoftoday’sB.todaynewspaperC.apieceofnewspapertodayD.today’snewspaper10.There’realotof___downthere,buthardlyany___.A.horse;peopleB.horses;peoplesC.cow;peopleD.sheep;people11.Lucyputalotof____in____oftea.(2000西安)A.sugar;thetwocupB.sugars;thetwocupsC.sugar;thetwocupsD.sugars;twocups12.Mr.Linoftengivesus_______bye-mail.(2000上海)A.somegoodinformationB.somegoodinformationsC.goodinformationsD.agoodinformation13.–Isthisyourroom?-No,it’s_____room.A.thechildrenB.thechildren’sC.ofthechildrenD.thechildrens’14.–I’llgiveyou_____tofinishthework.-OK.A.twoweek’stimeB.twoweeks’timeC.twoweektimeD.twoweekstime15.–Whoisthemaninthebluecar?-Heis______father.A.Kate’sandMary’sB.KateandMary’sC.KateandMaryD.ofKateandMary16.–WhatcanIdoforyou?-I’dliketwo______.A.boxofappleB.boxesofapplesC.boxofapplesD.boxesofapple17.–Helpyourselftosome_________.-Thankyou.Ireallylikethem.A.fishB.orangeC.breadD.cakes18.ThisisanoldphotoofminewhenI_______.A.haveshorthairsB.hadshorthairsC.h