高三英語寒假能量包-專題練習(xí)3 表語從句(含答案)

專題3表語從句【要點(diǎn)歸納】表語從句放在連系動詞之后，充當(dāng)復(fù)合句中的表語。表語從句就是指一個(gè)句子作為表語，說明主語是什么或者怎么樣。一般結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語＋系動詞＋表語從句”?？山颖碚Z從句的連系動詞有be，look，remain，seem等。從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的表語從句從屬連詞that的用法：①無意義；②不充當(dāng)成分③不可省略Thereasonforhisabsenceisthathehasn'tbeeninformed.他缺席的原因是他沒接到通知。從屬連詞whether引導(dǎo)的表語從句Thepointiswhetherweshouldlendhimthemoney.關(guān)鍵在于我們是否應(yīng)該借錢給他。連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句Theproblemiswhoisreallyfitforthehardjob.問題是誰才真正適合做這份艱苦的工作。ThisiswhatIaminterestedin.這就是我所感興趣的。because，asif/though等引導(dǎo)的表語從句It'sjustbecausehedoesn'tknowher.這僅僅是因?yàn)樗徽J(rèn)識她。NowitseemsasthoughshehadknownMillieforyears.現(xiàn)在好像她認(rèn)識米莉已有好多年了似的。why和because引導(dǎo)的表語從句的區(qū)別That'swhy...意為“那是的原因”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果That'sbecause...意為“那是因?yàn)椤?，強(qiáng)調(diào)原因Ididn'tphoneher,andthat'swhyshegotangrywithme.（強(qiáng)調(diào)“沒打電話"這一結(jié)果）我沒有給她打電話。那就是她對我生氣的原因。Ididn'tphoneher,andthat'sbecauseIgotangrywithher.（雖調(diào)“生氣"這一原因）我沒有給她打電話。那是因?yàn)槲疑臍饬恕１碚Z從句中的虛擬語氣在表語從句中，表示間接的命令、要求、請求、建議、決定等，主句中的主語通常是：advice，suggestion，proposalrequest，order，idea等，從句謂語形式是“should+動詞原形"（should可以省略）。Myadviceisthatyou（should）practisespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible.我的建議是你應(yīng)該盡可能經(jīng)常地練習(xí)說英語。對點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】對點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】Althoughanumberoftombshavesurvivedwithlittledamage,thetruthisallhavesufferedatleastsomeharmfromcenturiesofrain,war,fireandtheft.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）YouhavemadegreatprogressinEnglish.Thisisyouhaveimprovedyourstudyingmethods.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisisIdisagree.（按要求補(bǔ)全句子）Thereasonwhyhewassenttothehospitalwashewasill.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）Thebeautifulviewofthecityisattractsmemost.（用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空）Theproblemwithbuildingthefactoryiswedon'thaveenoughmoney.（用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空）Pressureisyoufeelwhenyouareworriedoruncomfortableaboutsomething.用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空）Itseemsmosthouseshavebeendestroyedbythestorm.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）OnereasonwhytherearesomanyFrenchwordsinEnglishistheFrenchruledEnglandforquiteanumberofyears.（用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空）Butitseemsmanypeopledon'tcookfishathome.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）【答案】1.that2.because3.where4.that5.whatthat7.what8.that9.that10.that【解析】1.考查表語從句連接詞。句意：盡管有一些墓穴沒有受到什么破壞，但事實(shí)是，這些墓穴都受到了至少幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來的雨水、戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)和盜竊的侵害。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，thetruthis后連接一個(gè)表語從句，從句中不缺少成分且句意也完整，因此表語從句用連接詞that引導(dǎo)。故填that?？疾楸碚Z從句連接詞。句意：你在英語方面已經(jīng)取得很大的進(jìn)步。這是因?yàn)槟愀倪M(jìn)了你的學(xué)習(xí)方法。分析句子可知，空格所在句為表語從句，This指代前文的“YouhavemadegreatprogressinEnglish”，“英語進(jìn)步很大”的原因是“你改進(jìn)了你的學(xué)習(xí)方法”，故應(yīng)用because來引導(dǎo)從句，意為“因?yàn)椤?，“Thisisbecause...，意為“這是因?yàn)椤?，符合句意。故填becauseo考查表語從句。句意：你可以說每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該是平等的，這正是我不同意你的地方。Idisagree.是一個(gè)表語從句，在從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)。故填where?？疾楸碚Z從句。句意：他被送到醫(yī)院的原因是他病了。分析句子可知，句子為表語從句，空格處單詞用來引導(dǎo)從句，從句中不缺成分且意義完整，故應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)從句，只起連接作用，構(gòu)成“Thereason.wasthat...”，意為“……的原因是……”。故填thato考查表語從句。句意：這座城市的美麗景色最吸引我。分析句子可知，句子為表語從句，空格處單詞引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句中缺主語，指代句中的“這座城市的美麗景色”，為物，故應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)表語從句。故填whato考查表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：建工廠的問題是我們沒有足夠的錢。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)句子在句子中作表語，從句表達(dá)完整的意思，不缺成分。故答案為thato考查表語從句。句意：壓力就是當(dāng)你擔(dān)心或不舒服的時(shí)候的感覺。分析可知空格所在的句子是一個(gè)表語從句且缺少主語，故用連接代詞，此處指你所感覺到的東西。故答案為what。考查表語從句。句意：看來大多數(shù)房屋都被暴風(fēng)雨毀壞了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),seems為系動詞，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句不缺成分，需用連接詞that引導(dǎo)。故填that?？疾楸碚Z從句。句意：英語中有這么多法語單詞的一個(gè)原因是法國人統(tǒng)治了英國很長一段時(shí)間。此處放在系動詞is后面為句法完整的句子，用that引導(dǎo)表語從句。故填that。考查表語從句。句意：但是似乎很多人不在家做魚。從句位于系動詞seem“似乎……”后，是表語從句，從句中句意完整，用that引導(dǎo)表語從句。故填that?！炯硬汀繂卧~默背Vitaminsareorganiccompoundsnecessaryinsmallamountinthedietforthen（正常的）growthandmaintenanceoflifeofanimals,includingman.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）Waterise（維持生命必需的）forallknownformsoflife.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）Theproblemsarenotserious.Nonetheless,weneedto處理）themsoon.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空）Genesdeterminethe（特征）ofeverylivingthing.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空）Helosthislegwhenhewasten,butlearnedto（克服）hishandicap.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空）Itwillalsohelppeopletousetheirl（休閑）timewell.（根據(jù)漢語意思單詞拼寫）Thewholefoodchainisaffectedbytheoveruseof（化學(xué)制劑）inagriculture.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空）Mostauthoritiesagreethatplayisan（至關(guān)重要的）partofachild'sdevelopment.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空）Theplanreceived（廣泛的）supportthroughoutthecountry.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空）Youcannota（假定）thataspeakerofEnglishisqualifiedtoteachEnglishforgranted.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空）閱讀理解Ninety-sevenpercentofEarth'swaterisocean.Noblue,nogreen.Ifyouthinktheoceanisn'timportant,imagineEarthwithoutit.Fiftyyearsago,whenIbeganexploringtheocean,noonerealizedthatwehumanbeingcoulddoanythingtoharmtheocean.Forme,asawomanscientist,itallbeganin1953whenIfirsttrieddiving.In1979,byusingasubmersible,Ihadachancetoreachtheoceanfloorwhichwassixmilesoffshoreand1,250feetdown.Sincethen,I'veusedabout30kindsofsubmarines.Weneednewdeep-divingsubmersible.Weneedtoseetheunderseamountainsandunderstandlifeinthedeepsea.Exploringandprotectingthewildoceanismybigwish.What'sworryingusisthatanicefreeArcticOceanmayhappeninthiscentury.That'sbadnewsforthepolarbears.AdditionalCO2isnotonlydrivingglobalwarming,butalsochangingoceanchemistry,makingtheseamoreacidic.That'sbadnewsforcoralreefsandoxygen-producingplankton.Actually,nearlyhalfofthecoralreefshavedisappeared.We'reputtinghundredsofmillionsoftonsofplasticandotherrubbishintothesea.We'reblockingtheocean,poisoningtheplanet'scirculatorysystem.Mostoftheturtles,sharks,tunasandwhalesarewaydowninnumbers.Allofthesearepartofourlifesupportsystem.Healthtotheoceanmeanshealthforus.Iwishwewoulduseallmeans—films,explorations,theweb,newsubmarines—andcampaigntostimulatepublicsupportforoceanprotectedareas.Mywishisabigwish,butifwecanmakeithappen,itcantrulysaveandrestoretheocean,theblueheartoftheplanet.Forthechildrenoftoday,fortomorrow'schildren:asneveragain,nowisthetime.Whydoesthewritersay“Noblue,nogreen.”inthefirstparagraph?Totellusthecolorsoftheearth.B.TorefertotheoceanandthelandC.Toshowtheimportanceofocean.D.Toencourageustoexploretheocean.Whatshouldwedotoprotecttheoceanaccordingtothetext?A.MakejointeffortsB.Savelifesupportsystem.C.Encouragechildrentotakeaction.D.Exploretheoceanbynewtechnology.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Means.B.Campaign.C.Publicsupport.D.Wish.What'sthewriter'sattitudetowardsthecurrentsituationoftheocean?A.Negative.B.Concerned.C.Uncertain.D.Indifferent.七選五TipsforCuttingtheCostofTravelWhetherforpleasureorbusinessreasons,itisnormalforustosometimeswanttopackourbags,hittheroad,andheadtoanewdestination.15,itisnotwithoutitsexpensesandthoseexpensesarecapableofdrillingaholeinone'spocketifnotproperlyplannedoutbeforehand.Belowareseveraltipstoensureyoudon'tenduptoomuchoutofpocketbytheendofyourtravels.?16.Moreoftenthannot,peoplegodirectlytotheairlinewebsitestobooktheirtickets.Butdidyouknowthattherearesomanywebsites,likeTraveligo,whichspecializeinfindingcheapflightsfortravelers?Thisisagreatgo-towebsitewheneveryouwanttobookyourflight.?Chooseacheapermeansoftransportation.Whileeveryonelikestoflytotheirtraveldestinationforeaseandspeed,flyingisn'ttheonlytransportoptionavailable.Dependingonwhereyou'relivingandwhereyou'reheaded,youcanalwaysselectpublictransport.17.?Don'tusehotels.18ByusingAirbnboranyofitspopularcompetitors,travelershavetheopportunitytonotonlylivelikelocalsbutalsospendfarless.?Useatravelcreditcard.Whenyouapplyforthesecards,youcancontrolopportunitieslikesigning-upbonuses（紅利）,mostofwhichareofferedbyairlinecreditcards.19Youcansaveyourselfalotofmoneybywayofextramiles,wheneveryou'rereadytohittheroad.SaveonairfareSurfthewebsiteforticketsWhiletravelingisanexcitingexperienceThesebonuspointscanhelpyouincreasealotofmilesStayingatsomeone'shousecanbecheaperthanbookingahotelSoresearchwhat'savailableandchoosethebestoptionforyourbudgetIfyou'reabudgetsensibletravelerlookingtoreducethetravelcosts寫作(提綱類)假定你晨光中學(xué)的李津。你校的英文社團(tuán)正在舉辦“Howcanwereducegarbagepollution”的征文活動。請根據(jù)以下提示，用英文寫一篇短文投稿。介紹垃圾污染的現(xiàn)狀；提出減少垃圾污染的措施(不少于兩點(diǎn))；談?wù)勀銓p少垃圾污染的看法。注意：(1)詞數(shù)不少于100；(2)可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；Howcanwereducegarbagepollution參考答案單詞默背【答案】1.normal2.essential3.tackle4.characteristics5.overcome6.leisure7.chemicals8.essential9.widespread10.assume【解析】1.考查形容詞。句意：維生素是一種有機(jī)化合物，在日常飲食中小劑量對于動物的正常生長和維持生命是必需的，包括人類。該空修飾名詞growth，用形容詞，所以填normal。考查形容詞。句意：水對所有已知的生命形式都是必不可少的。根據(jù)漢語意思“維持生命必需的”可知應(yīng)填形容詞essential，作表語。故填essential。考查動詞。句意：問題不嚴(yán)重，不過我們還是需要盡快處理。根據(jù)漢語意思處理”可知應(yīng)填動詞tackle，且上文為短語needtodosth.，可知應(yīng)填動詞原形。故填tackle?？疾槊~。句意:基因決定每個(gè)生物的特征。在定冠詞the后應(yīng)是名詞;根據(jù)漢語意思;應(yīng)是名詞characteristic；“每個(gè)生物的特征”應(yīng)是指多種特征，characteristic應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填characteristicso考查動詞。句意：他10歲時(shí)失去了一條腿，但學(xué)會了戰(zhàn)勝自己的殘疾。根據(jù)漢語意思“克服”可知應(yīng)填動詞overcome，且上文為短語learntodosth.，可知應(yīng)填動詞原形。故填overcome?？疾樾稳菰~。句意：它也將幫助人們更好地利用他們的閑暇時(shí)間。該空修飾名詞time，用形容詞，所以填leisure?？疾槊~。句意：整個(gè)食物鏈都受到農(nóng)業(yè)中過度使用化學(xué)制劑的影響。在介詞of后應(yīng)是名詞；根據(jù)漢語意思，應(yīng)是名詞chemical；根據(jù)生活常識，應(yīng)是指多種化學(xué)制劑，chemical應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填chemicalso考查形容詞。句意：大多數(shù)權(quán)威人士認(rèn)為玩耍是孩子成長的一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的部分。根據(jù)漢語意思“至關(guān)重要的”可知應(yīng)填形容詞essential，修飾后文名詞part,作定語。故填essentialo考查形容詞。句意:這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃得到了全國的廣泛的支持。根據(jù)漢語意思“廣泛的”可知應(yīng)填形容詞widespread，修飾后文名詞support，作定語。故填widespreado考查動詞。句意：你不能想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為會說英語的人就有資格教英語。在情態(tài)動詞cannot后應(yīng)該接動詞原形；根據(jù)所給漢語意思應(yīng)該是動詞assume。故填assumeo閱讀理解【答案】11.C12.A13.D14.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文中強(qiáng)調(diào)了海洋的重要性，指出如今海洋正在遭受人類的破壞，作者認(rèn)為海洋的健康意味著我們的健康，我們應(yīng)該共同努力保護(hù)海洋。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Ninety-sevenpercentofEarth'swaterisocean.Noblue,nogreen.Ifyouthinktheoceanisn'timportant,imagineEarthwithoutit.（地球上97%的水是海洋。沒有海洋，就沒有綠色。如果你認(rèn)為海洋不重要，想象一下沒有海洋的地球）”可推知，作者在第一段說“Noblue,Nogreen.”是為了顯示海洋的重要性。故選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Iwishwewoulduseallmeans—films,explorations,theweb,newsubmarines—andcampaigntostimulatepublicsupportforoceanprotectedareas.（我希望我們能利用一切手段——電影、探險(xiǎn)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、新潛艇——和運(yùn)動來激發(fā)公眾對海洋保護(hù)區(qū)的支持）”可知，我們應(yīng)該通過共同努力來保護(hù)海洋。故選A。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Iwishwewoulduseallmeans—films,explorations,theweb,newsubmarines—andcampaigntostimulatepublicsupportforoceanprotectedareas.（我希望我們能利用一切手段——電影、探險(xiǎn)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、新潛艇一和運(yùn)動來激發(fā)公眾對海洋保護(hù)區(qū)的支持）”以及畫線詞所在句“Mywishisabigwish,butifwecanmakeithappen,itcantrulysaveandrestoretheocean，可知，作者認(rèn)為自己的愿望是一個(gè)很大的愿望，但如果我們能實(shí)現(xiàn)它，這個(gè)愿望就能真正拯救和恢復(fù)海洋。故it指的是“愿望”。故選Do推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Healthtotheoceanmeanshealthforus.（海洋的健康意味著我們的健康）”以及“Forthechildrenoftoday,fortomorrow'schildren:asneveragain,nowisthetime.為了今天的孩子，也為了明天的孩子：永遠(yuǎn)不要再這樣了，現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候采取行動了）”結(jié)合作者在文中強(qiáng)調(diào)了海洋的重要性，指出如今海洋正在遭受人類的破壞，作者認(rèn)為海洋的健康意味著我們的健康，我們應(yīng)該共同努力保護(hù)海洋。可推知，作者對海洋現(xiàn)狀持關(guān)心態(tài)度。故選Bo七選五【答案】15.C16.A17.F18.E19.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了減少旅行費(fèi)用的一些小貼士。根據(jù)下文“itisnotwithoutitsexpensesandthoseexpensesarecapableofdrillingaholeinone'spocketifnotproperlyplannedoutbeforehand.（它不是沒有費(fèi)用，如果沒有事先妥善計(jì)劃，這些費(fèi)用有能力在一個(gè)人的口袋掏出一個(gè)洞。）”可知，此處與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，內(nèi)容與旅行有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)C中連詞While表示轉(zhuǎn)折，因此選項(xiàng)C“Whiletravelingisanexcitingexperience（雖然旅行是一種令人興奮的經(jīng)驗(yàn)）"符合題意。故選C。根據(jù)下文“Butdidyouknowthattherearesomanywebsites,likeTraveligo,whichspecializeinfindingcheapflightsfortravelers?（但是你知道有很多像Traveligo這樣專門為旅行者尋找便宜機(jī)票的網(wǎng)站嗎？）”可知，此處是本段的小標(biāo)題，內(nèi)容與節(jié)省機(jī)票錢有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)A“Saveonairfare（節(jié)省機(jī)票）”符合題意。故選A。根據(jù)上文“Whileeveryonelikestoflytotheirtraveldestinationforeaseandspeed,flyingisn'ttheonlytransportoptionavailable.Dependingonwhereyou'relivingandwhereyou'reheaded,youcanalwaysselectpublictransport.（雖然每個(gè)人因?yàn)榉奖愫涂焖俣枷矚g坐飛機(jī)去他們的旅行目的地，但飛機(jī)并不是唯一的交通選擇。根據(jù)你住的哪里和你要去哪里，你總可以選擇公共交通。）”可知，此處內(nèi)容與選擇合適的交通工具有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)F“Soresearchwhat'savailableandchoosethebestoptionforyourbudget（所以，研究一下什么是可用的，然后根據(jù)你的預(yù)算選擇最好的選擇。）”符合題意。故選Fo根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Don'tusehotels.”和下文“travelershavetheopportunitytonotonlylivelikelocalsbutalsospendfarless（旅行者不僅有機(jī)會像當(dāng)?shù)厝艘粯由?，而且花費(fèi)也少得多）”可知，此處內(nèi)容與住當(dāng)?shù)厝说募依锟赡鼙茸【频昊ㄙM(fèi)少有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)E“Stayingatsomeone'shousecanbecheaperthanbookingahotel（住在別人家里可能比預(yù)訂酒店便宜。）”符合題意。故選E。根據(jù)上文“Whenyouapplyforthesecards,youcancontrolopportunitieslikesigning-upbonuses（紅利）,mostofwhichareofferedbyairlinecreditcards.（當(dāng)你申請這些卡時(shí)，你可以有機(jī)會得到如注冊紅利，其中大部分是由航空公司的信用卡提供的。）”可知，此處內(nèi)容與紅利積分的用處有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)D“Thesebonuspointscanhelpyouincreasealotofmiles（這些額外的紅利積分可以幫助你增加很多里程。）”符合題意。故選D。寫作（提綱類）【答案】Atpresent,agreatdealofgarbageisbeingproducedeveryday.Theproblemofgarbagepollutionisgettingsoseriousthatmanycitiesaroundtheworldarenowbeingsurroundedbygarbageandpeoplearesufferingfromtheconsequencesofit.Tosolvetheproblemofgarbagepollution,w