話題十九歷史與社會(huì)

話題十九

歷史與社會(huì)第二部分

話題專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練目錄contents話題基礎(chǔ)積累與寫作話題綜合練習(xí)話題基礎(chǔ)積累與寫作目錄contents名詞：1.警戒，防護(hù)裝置______2.法律______3.警察______4.真理，事實(shí)______5.優(yōu)點(diǎn)，好處______guardlaw一、基礎(chǔ)積累policetruthadvantage6.發(fā)展，發(fā)達(dá)，發(fā)育，開發(fā)______7.時(shí)期，時(shí)代______8.交通______9.安全______10.危險(xiǎn)______11.發(fā)展______developmentperiodtrafficsafetydangerdevelopment動(dòng)詞：1.懲罰，處罰______2.改善______3.證明______4.管理，設(shè)法對付__________5.打仗(架)，爭論______

punishimproveprovemanagefight6.強(qiáng)迫，迫使______7.余下，留下______8.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，帶領(lǐng)______9.報(bào)道，報(bào)告______10.增加______11.上升______12.控制______forceremainleadreportincreaserisecontrol形容詞：1.大體的，籠統(tǒng)的，總的______2.大眾的，通俗的______3.古代的，古老的______4.東方的______5.西方的______6.北方的______generalpopularancienteasternwesternnorthern短語：1.讓……進(jìn)來，放進(jìn)____________2.放掉，泄露____________3.逃跑，失控____________4.談?wù)?，議論____________5.談?wù)?，議論____________letinletoutrunawaytalkabouttalkof6.為了____________7.逐步建立____________8.闖入，強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入，插嘴，打斷____________9.砍倒____________10.號召，打電話____________11.導(dǎo)致，導(dǎo)向____________inordertobuildupbreakincutdowncallupleadto常用句子：1.——中國的人口是多少？——超過13億，人口增長非常快。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________—What’sthepopulationofChina?—Therearemorethan1.3billionpeople.Thepopulationgrowstoofast.2.——最嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)問題是什么？——我認(rèn)為最嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)問題是污染。

____________________________________________________________________________________—Whatisthemostserioussocialproblem?—Ithinkthemostserioussocialproblemisthepollution.3.中國是一個(gè)有5000年悠久歷史的國家。___________________________________________________________Chinaisacountrywithalonghistoryof5000years.4.我們必須馬上停止污染環(huán)境。___________________________________5.不同的國家有不同的習(xí)俗。___________________________________________________________Weshouldstoppollutingatonce.Differentcountrieshavedifferentcustoms.二、話題寫作A.信息歸納ZhaoHuaisastudentfromauniversity.Hehasledagroupofuniversitystudentvolunteerssincelastyear.Theyhelpchildrenataprimaryschoolwiththeirstudiesanddailylives.“WhenIwasasmallchild，”Zhaosaid，“IknewMarch5thwasadayforpeopletolearnfromLeiFengbutIdidn’tknowtherealmeaningofthespiritofLeiFeng.NowwhenIseethesmilingfacesofthekidsIhavehelped，IdeeplyunderstandLeiFeng.Helpingothersmakesmehappy.”LeiFeng(1940—1962)isoneofthebest-knownsoldiersinChinesehistory.Helosthisparentswhenhewasveryyoung.Hisneighborsbroughthimup.Hediedinanaccidentattheageof22.Hedidmanygooddeedsinhisshortlife.Forexample，hegavehisownmoneytotheparentsofanothersoldier，andboughtaticketforawomanhedidn’tknowwithouttellingherhisname.OnMarch5th，1963，ChairmanMaocalledonpeopleto“LearnfromLeiFeng”andmadetheday“LeiFengDay”.Over50yearshaspassedsinceLeiFeng’sdeath.SomepeoplesaythatthespiritofLeiFengisout.Therehavebeenmanyreportsaboutthecoldnessofpeopletowardsstrangers.ThishasmademanyChinesepeoplethinkdeeplyaboutthemselves.Manypeoplethinkweneedtopromote(提倡)thatspiritagain.TheplaceZhaoHuaandhisgroupworkedasvolunteerslastyear1.Themeaningof“LeiFengDay”2.ThenumberofexamplesofLeiFenghelpingothers3.InformationCardataprimaryschooladayforpeopletolearnfromLeiFeng2/twoThepersonwhosetup“LeiFengDay”4.Whatmanyreportsareabout5.ChairmanMaothecoldnessofpeopletowardsstrangersB.書面表達(dá)你覺得雷鋒精神過時(shí)了嗎？請你就此寫一篇80詞左右的短文。內(nèi)容包括：1.講述你或你身邊的人幫助他人的一次經(jīng)歷及你的感受。2.你認(rèn)為雷鋒精神過時(shí)了嗎？為什么？【寫作指導(dǎo)】第一步：審題：記敘文+議論文，一般過去時(shí)+一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第二步：列提綱第一段：講述你或你身邊的人幫助他人的一次經(jīng)歷及你的感受。參考句型：(1)Oneday，…wasdoing…when…(2)WhenIsawthis，…(3)…butIfeltveryhappybecause…第二段：你認(rèn)為雷鋒精神過時(shí)了嗎？為什么？參考句型：(1)Idon’tagreewiththeideathatLeiFengSpiritisout./Idon’tthink…(2)Inorderto…，weneed…第三步：列出主要的單詞、短語和句型。1.有需要的__________________2.有困難的__________________3.伸出援手__________________4.因某事感謝某人__________________4.做…有困難__________________5.節(jié)約時(shí)間__________________6.這樣的話__________________第四步：運(yùn)用and，or，so，because，but，first，then等連接詞將以上要點(diǎn)連成文章，注意句型多樣化?！菊獙懽鳌縚_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onemorning,Iwastakingabustogotoschoolwhenanoldladygotonthebus.Thebuswascrowdedandtherewasnoemptyseatatall.WhenIsawthis,Istoodupandgavemyseattoher.Theoldladythankedmeandotherpassengersonthebusalsopraisedmefordoingthat.IstoodallthewaytoschoolbutIwasveryhappy.Idon’tthinkLeiFengSpiritisout.Inordertomaketheworldabetterplace,weshouldalwaysreachahelpinghandtothoseinneed.Thiscanalsohelpreducesomesocialproblems.(109words)話題綜合練習(xí)目錄contents一、完形填空Thousandsofyearsago，humandidn’tliveintowns.Sometimestheywouldliveincavesorbuildcamps(宿營地)intheforest.Onlyaboutthirtypeople1ineachcamp.Themenwouldgohuntingwhilethewomenandchildren2foodfromthetreesaroundthecamp.Allthefoodwas3betweeneveryoneinthegroup.Everyfewweekstheymovedtoanotherplacetofindmorefood.Itwasasimplelife，butpeoplehadtobe4.Theyhadtomakeeverythingthattheyneeded，andtheyhadtoknowalotaboutplantsandanimals.Nowadays，mostpeopleliveintownsandcities，andtheyworkinofficesandfactories.Lifeis5thanintheolddays.Therearefewer6，butthereislessexcitement.Somepeoplego7excitement—sailingroundtheworld，climbingmountains，orexploringcaves.Mostpeoplelookforwardtothe8，atimewhentheycanenjoyachangefromtheirnormallife.Forsomethismeansgoingcamping.Butcampingtodayis9fromcampinginthepast.Gascookers，ready-madefoodandair-bedsmeanpeoplecancampmuchmore10thantheydidintheoldtimes.()1.A.livedB.talkedC.cameD.danced()2.A.plantedB.collectedC.watchedD.bought()3.A.foundB.usedC.sharedD.sold()4.A.politeB.kindC.carefulD.clever()5.A.worseB.fasterC.easierD.harderABCDC()6.A.dangersB.storiesC.peopleD.animals()7.A.waitingforB.lookingforC.turningonD.puttingon()8.A.dreamsB.giftsC.mealsD.holidays()9.A.awayB.differentC.freeD.far()10.A.slowlyB.terriblyfortablyD.hopefullyABDBC二、閱讀理解AKazakhstanisincentralAsiaandEasternEurope.Let’shavealookattheetiquette(禮儀)init.

MeetingPeople

★Thecommongreetingisthehandshake，oftendonewithbothhandsandasmile.SincemanyKazakhsareMuslim，somemenwillnotshakehandswithwomen.

★Onceyouhavedevelopedapersonalrelationship，closefriendsofthesamesexmayprefertohugratherthanshakehands.GiftGivingEtiquette

★Wheninvitedtosomeone’shousefordinner，itispolitetobringsomethingforthehostesssuchaspastries(油酥點(diǎn)心).

★Donotgivealcoholicbeverages(酒精飲料)unlessyouknowyourhostdrinks.

★Giftsareusuallyopenedwhenreceived.DiningEtiquette

★Kazakhsareveryfriendlypeopleandenjoyhostingdinnersattheirhomes.

★Youwillbeservedteaandbread，evenifyouarenotinvitedtoameal，sinceKazakhsconsiderservingbreadisasignofrespect.

★Whenservedtea，yourcupwilloftenonlybefilledhalfway.Tofillthecupwouldmeanthatyourhostwantedyoutoleave.

★Youdon’thavetoarriveontime，althoughyoushouldnotarrivemorethan30minuteslatewithouttelephoningfirst.TableManners

★Theforkisheldinthelefthandandtheknifeintherightwhileeating.

★Somefoodsaremeanttobeeatenbyhand.

★Youwillbegivenabowltodrinksouportea.Whenyoudonotwantanymore，turnyourbowlupsidedown.

★L(fēng)eavesomethingonyourplatewhenyoufinisheating.Thismeansthatyouhavehadenough.Ifyoufinisheverything，itmeansyouarestillhungryandyouwillbeservedmorefood.()1.WhichisthecommongreetinginKazakhstan?A.Shakehands.B.Bow.C.Kissthecheek.D.Hug.()2.Toshowpolite，whichofthefollowingshouldn’tbedoneatdinner?A.Servingbreadtoshowrespecting.B.Servingahalfcupoftea.C.Servingafullcupoftea.D.Arrivinglessthan30minuteslate.AC()3.Ifyoudon’twantanysouportea，youcan______inKazakhstan.A.leavethetableB.turnyourbowlupsidedownC.talkwithyourhostessD.drinkmoreteaattableB()4.WhenyoufinishyourdinnerinKazakhstan，you______.A.mustuseforkandknifeB.useabowltoeateverythingC.havetoeatfoodbyhandD.mustleavesomethingonyourplateD()5.Thewriterwritesthepassagetotellus______.A.someetiquetteinKazakhstanB.thepositionofKazakhstanC.foodanddrinksinKazakhstanD.howtohavedinnerinKazakhstanABEarlyretirementisadreamforthosewhodon’tliketheirjobs.Retiringearlycouldobviouslyhaveanegativeimpactnotonlyonyourfinances，butalsoonyoursociallifeandevenyourhealth.Here’swhyit’snotalwaysagoodideatoretireearly.Itmightbebadforyourhealth.Retirementcouldcontributetodeclining(衰退)yourphysicalandmentalhealth.Retirees(退休者)don’talwayshaveareasontogetupandgosomewhere，andthatcouldleadtoalifestylethatreducestheirlevelofphysicalhealth.It’smoredifficulttomaintainfriendships.Alotofsocializationoccursonthejoborafterwork，andworkplacefriendshipssometimesfadeawaywhenyouretire.Ittakesmoreefforttomeetpeopleinretirement，andsomeretireeslacksocialinteraction，whichcancontributetodeteriorating(變差的)mentalandemotionalhealth.Youcouldrunoutofmoney.Anearlierretirementmeansalongertimerelyingonyourassets(財(cái)產(chǎn))andagreaterchancethatyouwillrunoutofmoney.Ifyoudon’thaveasolidnesteggorawaytosupplementyourewithpart-timeworkoryourownbusiness，thereisachancethatyouwillwindupinfinancial[DK](財(cái)務(wù)的)trouble.Yourlifemightlackpurpose.Anotherconsiderationiswhatyouwilldoalldaywithoutyourjob.Manyretireesfinditdifficulttofindapurpose.Whileafewweeksofdowntimewillcertainlyberelaxing，thenyouneedtodecidewhatyouwilldoeachdaythatgivesyourlifemeaning.Inordertomakeearlyretirementwork，youneedtolookaheadanddecidewhatyouwilldowiththeextratime.Youmightwanttotravel，volunteerordevotemoretimetoyourfamily.()6.Howmanydisadvantagesofearlyretirementarelistedinthepassage?A.1.B.2.C.3.D.4.()7.Youdon’tknowwhattodoafteryourretirement.Itmeans______.A.yourlifelackspurposeB.youhaverunoutofmoneyC.youhavenofriendstosharewithD.yourhealthisnotverygoodDA()8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“nestegg”meaninChinese?A.留窩雞蛋B.儲(chǔ)備金

C.保險(xiǎn)D.工資B()9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Retiringearlycanaffectyoursociallifeandhealth.B.Itismoredifficulttomakefriendsafterretiringearly.C.Retiringearlymaymakeyourunoutofmoney.D.Retiringearlycanmakeyouyoungerthanbefore.D()10.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Howtospendretiringlife.B.Retiringearlyisgoodforyou.C.Fourreasonsfornotretiringearly.D.Enjoyyourretiringlife.

CC

配對閱讀。左欄是五個(gè)人的信息，右欄是七種手機(jī)游戲。請將這五個(gè)人的信息與他們喜歡的游戲進(jìn)行配對。People()11.Canyousinkyouropponent’sbattleshipsbeforehesinksyoursinthisfunandchallengingbattleshipgame?Playagainstthephoneandtrytosinkallofitsbattleshipsbeforeitsinksallofyours.Thefirstplayertosinkalloftheopponent’sshipswins.C()12.Thetruestreetracingexperiencehasarrivedinyourphone.Startyourcareerandearnrespectbeforeyoucanchallengethebestofthebest.()13.YourroleisafighterforindependenceoftheRepublicofIndonesiawhofoughtagainsttheJapaneseinvadersinWWII.Thisgamebeginswithsomelevelbattlesandexcitingchallenges.DF()14.Movingtoanewcitywithyoursportbike，youhopetocompetewithallyournewopponents.Youcanhavefunwithfriendsbutwatchoutforthepolicemenwhofollowyousincetheminuteyouarriveatthetown.()15.Youhavetotakeactionbecausealiensarriveandattacktheearth.Trytodefendwithyourtank.Destroythealienshipstoincreaseyourgamescore.Letthebattlebegin!AEPhoneGamesA.SportbikesUnlimitedYouhaveapowerfulsportbike，andyoujustmovetoanewcityandwanttoconquerallyouropponents.B.UltimateFighterUltimatefighterisoneofthebestshootinggamesspeciallydesignedforgamelovers.C.BattleshipsGamePlayfun&freebattleshipgameswithmillionsofplayers—gettheshipstofightnow!D.HighSpeed3DOpenyoureyesandexperiencecarracingincities；getreadytotaketothestreetsinHighSpeed3D.E.AlienCombatYouhavetodefendtheearthfromanalienattackwithyourtank.Startthegameandshootasmanyalienshipsaspossible.F.Soldier1945Inthisgame，youcanplayasoldierduringWWIIin1945.G.AngryBirdsThebirdsareangrybecausetheireggsarestolenbythefatpigs.Sotheyaretryingtothrowthemselvestotheplacewherethepigslive.三、短文填空ThereoncelivedinRussiaakingandaqueenwhowereveryfoolish.Onedaythequeenhadababydaughter.Whentheysawtheirbaby，they1._____________cried，“Mygoodness!Howsmallitis!It’stoothless!It’samonster!”Theysentforallthedoctorsinthecountryandorderedthemtopreparesome2._____________forit.bothmedicine“Whenshe3.___________yourmedicine，shemustgrowtotherightsizeandhave4._____________，”thekingsaid.“Ifyoudon’tdothis，you’llhaveabeating.”Thedoctorsthought5._____________impossible，buttheydarenotsay6._____________againsttheking’sorder.Justthenanolddoctorsteppedforward，takesteethitanything“Oh，weshallcertainlyobeyyourorder，”hesaid.“Butittakes7._____________.Wehavetodigforamineral(礦物)fromKunlunMountainswhenthesnowmelts(融化)forthesecondtime.Thesnowmeltsonthesemountainsonlyoncein8._____________years.Soweneedtwelveyears.”timesixAtlastthekingagreedandthedoctorstookthelittleprincess.Onher9._____________birthday，theybroughtherbacktoherparents10._____________longblackhairandbeautifulteeth.Thekingandqueenwereveryhappyandgavethedoctorsexpensivepresents.twelfthwith四、讀寫綜合A.信息歸納Weallknowthestrangefeelingofwatchingthetimechangeonaclock.Youneverreallyseeitchangebecausethehandsmovesoslowly.But，ofcourse，thetimeischangingallthetime.Humanfaces，likeclockfaces，arealsochanging.Andlikeclocks，thechangestakeplacetooslowlytobenoticed.Overmanythousandsofyears，though，hugechangesarepossible.Forexample，thehumanbraintriplesinsize.Ourfacesbecameflatter，andwebegantothinkmore.Ifourheadsbecamelargerinthepast，howwillthingschangeinthefuture?Unlikethechangesofaclockface，thechangesinhumanfacesareverydifficulttopredict.Oneofthemainreasonsforthisisthatwecannotcontrolpartsofnature.Hundredsofthousandsofyearsago，allchangeswerenatural，butnowwecanactivelychoosepathsforourownevolution(進(jìn)化).AUSartistnamedNiclolayLammhasrecentlyofferedanideaatwhathumanfacesmayonedaylooklike.Thedesigns