2009統(tǒng)一卷2001考研路上的幸福哥

2001年攻讀入學考試英語試PartICloze[A],[B],[C]and[D].ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points)Theernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewspapersseekingtobuyuppeopleinvolvedinprominentcases1thetrialofRosemaryWest.Inasignificant2oflegalcontrolsoverthepress,LordIrvine,theLordChancellor,willintroducea3billthatwillproposemakingpaymentstowitnesses4andwillstrictlycontroltheamountof5thatcanbegiventoacase6atrialbegins.InalettertoGeraldKaufman,chairmanoftheHouseofCommonsmediaselectcommittee,LordIrvinesaidhe7withacommitteereportthisyearwhichsaidthatselfregulationdidnot8sufficientcontrol.9ofthelettercametwodaysafterLordIrvinecauseda10ofmediawhenhesaidthe11ofprivacycontrolscontainedinEuropeanlegislationwouldbelefttojudges12toParliament.TheLordChancellorsaidintroductionoftheHumanRightsBill,which13theEuropeanConventiononHumanRightslegally14inBritain,laiddownthateverybodywas15toprivacyandthatpublicfigurescouldgotocourttoprotectthemselvesandtheirfamilies. domswillbeinsafehands 16 ourBritishjudges,”hesaid.Witnesspaymentsbecamean afterWestwassentencedto10lifesentencesin1995.Upto19witnesseswere tohavereceivedpaymentsforlingtheirstoriestonewspapers.Concernswere witnessesbeencouragedexaggeratetheirstoriesincourt guilty1.［A］as［B］for［C］in［D］such12.［A］better［B］other［C］rather［D］sooner［B］PartIIReadingEachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestionstherearefouranswersmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].ReadthepassagescarefullySHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(40PassageSpecialisationcanbeseenasaresponsetotheproblemofanincreasingaccumulationofscientificknowledge.Bysplittingupthesubjectmatterintosmallerunits，onemancouldcontinuetohandletheinformationanduseitasthebasisforfurtherresearch.Butspecialisationwasonlyoneofaseriesofrelateddevelopmentsinscienceaffectingtheprocessofcommunication.Anotherwasthegrowingprofessionalisationofscientificactivity.Noclear-cutdistinctioncanbedrawnbetweenprofessionalsandamateursinscience:exceptionscanbefoundtoanyrule.Nevertheless,theword“amateur”doescarryaconnotationthattheconcernedisnotfullyintegratedintotheofspecialisationinthenineteenthcentury,withitsconsequentrequirementofalonger,morecomplextraining,impliedgreaterproblemsforamateurparticipationinscience.ThetrendwasnaturallymostobviousinthoseareasofsciencebasedofthedevelopmentofgeologyintheUnitedKingdom.revealsnotsimplyanincreasingemphasisontheprimacyofresearch,butalsoachangingdefinitionofwhatconstitutesanacceptableresearchpaper.Thus,inthenineteenthcentury,localgeologicalstudiesrepresentedworthwhileresearchintheirownright;but,inthetwentiethcentury,localstudieshaveincreasinglyeacceptabletoprofessionalsonlyiftheyincorporate,andreflecton,thegeologicaljournalsharderforamateurs,aresultthathasbeenreindbythecenturyandthenbyseverallocalgeologicaljournalsinthetwentiethcentury.Asofdifferentiationhasledtoprofessionalgeologistscomingtogethernationallywithinoneortwospecificsocieties,whereastheamateurshavetendedeithertoremaininlocalsocietiesortocometogethernationallyinadifferentway.underwayinBritishgeologyduringthenineteenthcentury,itsfullconsequenceswerethusdelayeduntilthetwentiethcentury.Insciencegenerally,however,thenineteenthcenturymustbereckonedasthecrucialperiodforthischangeinthestructureofscience.Thegrowthofspecialisationinthe19thcenturymightbemoreclearlyseeninsciencessuchas [AJsociologyand [B]physicsand[C]sociologyand [D]physicsandWecaninferfromthepassage amateurscancompetewithprofessionalsinsomeareasofprofessionalstend eamateursintothescientificamateurshavenationalacademicsocietiesbutnolocalTheauthorwritesofthedevelopmentofgeologyto theprocessofspecialisationandthehardshipofamateursinscientificthechangeofpoliciesinscientificthediscriminationofprofessionalsagainstThedirectreasonforspecialisation thedevelopmentinthegrowthoftheexpansionofscientificthesplittingupofacademicPassagedivisionoftheworldintotheinfo(information)richandtheinfopoor.Andthatdividedoesexisttoday.MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.Whatwaslessvisiblethen,however,werethenew,positivesthatworkagainstthedigitaldivide.Therearereasonstobeoptimistic.Therearetechnologicalreasonstohopethedigitaldividewillnarrow.As esmoreandmorecommercialized,itisintheinterestoftouniversalizeaccess-afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotentialcustomersthereare.Moreandmoreernments,afraidtheircountrieswillbeleftbehind,wanttospreadInternetaccess.Withinthenextdecadeortwo,onetotwobillionpeopleonthenetwillhenettedtogether.Asaresult,Inowbelievethedigitaldividewillnarrowratherthanwidenintheyearsahead.Andthatisworldpovertythatwe’veeverhad.Ofcourse,theuseoftheInternetisn’ttheonlywaytodefeatpoverty.AndtheInternetisnottheonlytoolwehave.Butithasenormouspotential.Totakeadvantageofthistool,someimpoverishedcountrieswillhavetogetovertheiroutdatedanti-colonialprejudiceswithrespecttoforeigninvestment.Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryofinfrastructure（thebasicstructuralfoundationsofasociety）intheUnitedStates.WhentheUnitedStatesbuiltitsindustrialinfrastructure,itdidn’thavethecapitaltodoso.AndthatiswhyAmerica’sbuiltwithforeigninvestment.TheEnglish,theGermans,theDutchandtheFrenchbuiltthem.Guesswhoownsthemnow?TheAmericans.IbelievethesamethingwouldbetrueinceslikeBraziloranywhereelseforthatmatter.ThemoreforeigncapitalyouhavehelyoubuildyourThirdWaveinfrastructure,whichtodayislyingdownandingfooled,orlettingforeigncorporationsrunButitdoesmeanrecognizinghowimportanttheycanbeinbuildingtheenergyandinfrastructuresneededtotakefulladvantageoftheInternet.Digitaldivideis gettingworsebecauseofthetherichcountriesareresponsibletheworldmustguardconsideredpositiveernmentsattachimportancetotheInternetbecause offerseconomiccanbringforeigncansoonwipeoutworldconnectspeopleallovertheThewritermentionedthecaseoftheUnitedSvidingfinancialsupportpreventingforeigncapital’sbuildingindustrialacceptingforeignItseemsthatnowacountry’seconomydepandsmuch howwell-developeditiswhetheritisprejudicedagainstwhetheritadoptsAmerica’sindustrialhowmuchcontrolithasoverforeignPassageWhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers?TheAmericanSocietyofNewspaperEditorsistryingtoanswerthispainfulquestion.Theorganizationisdeepintoalongself-ysisknownasthejournalismcredibilityproject.Sadtosay,thisprojecthasturnedouttobemostlylow-levelfindingsaboutfactualerrorsandspellingandgrrmistakes,combinedwithlotsofheadscratchingpuzzlementaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant.Butthesourcesofdistrustgowaydeeper.Mostjournalistslearntoseetheevents.Inotherwords,thereisaconventionalstorylineinthenewsroomculturethatprovidesabackboneandaready-madenarrativestructureforotherwiseconfusionsnews.Thereexistsasocialandculturaldisconnectbetweenjournalistsandtheirreaderswhichhelpsexinwhythe“standardtemtes”ofthenewsroomseemalienmanyreaders.Inarecentsurvey,questionnairesweresenttoreportersinfivemiddlesizecitiesaroundthecountry,plusonelargemetropolitanarea.ThenRepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelythey’relesslikelytogotochurch,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsinReporterstendtobepartofabroadlydefinedsocialandculturalelite,sotheirworktendstoreflecttheconventionalvaluesofthiselite.Theastonishingdistrustofthenewsmediaisn’trootedininaccuracyorpoorreportorialskillsbutinthedailyclashofworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.Thisisanexplosivesituationforanyindustry,particularlyadecliningone.thecustomers.Thenitsponsorslotsofsymposiumsandacredibilityprojectdedicatedtowonderingwhycustomersareannoyedandfleeinginlargenumbers.Butitneverseemstogetaroundtonoticingtheculturalandclassbiasesthatsomanynowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender,andlookforreporterswhodifferbroadlybyoutlook,values,education,andclass.WhatisthepassagemainlyneedsofthereadersalloverthecausesofthepublicdisappointmentaboutoriginsofthedecliningnewspaperaimsofajournalismcredibilityTheresultsofthejournalismcredibilityprojectturnedoutto quite [B]somewhat[C]very [D]ratherThebasicproblemofjournalistsaspointedoutbythewriterliesin.working [B]conventional[C]world [D]educationalDespiteitsefforts,thenewspaperindustrystillcannotsatisfythereadersowingtoits failuretorealizeitsrealtendencytohireannoyinglikelinesstodoinaccurateprejudiceinmattersofraceandPassageTheworldisgoingthroughthebiggestwaveofmergersandacquisitionseverwitnessed.TheprocesssweepsfromhyperactiveAmericatoEuropeandreachestheemergingcountrieswithunsurpassedmight.Manyinthesecountriesarelookingatthisprocessandworrying:"Won'tthewaveofbusinessconcentrationturnintoanuncontrollablepetitive?"There'snoquestionthatthebigaregettingbiggerandmorepowerful.Multinationalcorporationsaccountedforlessthan20%ofinternationaltradeinaccountforafast-growingsegmentofproductionineconomiesthatopenupandeforeigninvestment.InArgentina,forinstance,afterthereformsoftheofsmallereconomicfirms,ofnationalbusinessmenandovertheultimatestabilityoftheworldeconomy.IbelievethatthemostimportantsbehindthemassiveM&Awavearethesamethatunderlietheglobalizationprocess:fallingtransportationandrequireenlargedoperationscapableofmeetingcustomers'demands.Alltheseareitishardtoimaginethatthemergerofafewoilfirmstodaycouldre-createthetheStandardOiltrustwasbrokenup.Themergersofcompanies,such,hardlyseemtobringhigherpricesforconsumersorareductioninpaceoftechnicalprogress.Onthecontrary,thepriceofcommunicationsiscomingRenaultandNissan-butitdoesnotappearthatconsumersarebeinghurt.thatarebeingcreated?Won'tmultinationalsshiftproductionfromonecetoanotherwhenanationgetstoostrictaboutinfringementstofaircompetition?Andthataffectmanyothernations,asintheUS.vs.case?Whatisthetypicaltrendofbusinessestotakeinmoreforeign [B]toinvestmore e Accordingtotheauthor,oneofthedrivingsbehindM&Awavethegreatercustomer [B]asurplussupplyforthe Fromparagraph4wecaninfer theincreasingconcentrationiscertaintohurtservesasagoodexampleofbothbenefitsandthecostsoftheglobalizationprocessaretheStandardOiltrustmighthavethreatenedTowardthenewbusinesswave,thewriter'sattitudecanhesaidto [B][C] [D]PassageWhenIdecidedtoquitmyfulltimeemploymentitneveroccurredtomethatImighteapartofanewinternationaltrend.Alalmovethathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogresspromptedmetoabandonmyrelativelyhighmyexitbyclaiming“Iwantedtospendmoretimewithmyfamily”.theAmericansterm“downshifting”hasturnedmytiredexcuseintoanabsolutereality.Ihavebeentransformedfromapassionateadvocateofthephilosophyof“havingitall”,preachedbyLindaKelseyforthepastsevenyearsinthepagesofShemagazine,intoawomanwhoishappytosettleforabitofeverything.of“jugglingyourlife”,andmakingthealternativemoveinto“downshifting”couldpersuademetoreturntothekindoflifeKelseyusedtoadvocateandIenjoyed:12-hourworkingdays,pressureddeadlines,thefearfulstrainofpoliticsandthelimitationsofbeingaparenton“qualityInAmerica,themoveawayfromjugglingtoasimpler,lessmaterialisticlifestyleisawell-establishedtrend.Downshifting-alsoknowninAmericaas“voluntarysimplicity”has,ironically,evenbredanewareaofwhatmightbetermedanticonsumerism.Thereareanumberofbestsellingdownshiftingself-helpbooksforpeoplewhowanttosimplifytheirlives;therearenewsletter's,suchasTheTightwadGazette,thatgivehundredsofthousandsofAmericansusefultipsonanythingfromrecyclingtheircling-filmtomakingtheirownsoap;thereareevensupportgroupsforthosewhowanttoachievethemid-'90sequivalentofdropWhileinAmericathetrendstartedasareactiontotheeconomicdecline——afterthemassredundanciescausedbydownsizinginthelate’80s——andisstilllinkedtothepoliticsofthrift,inBritain,atleastamongthemiddle-classdownshiftersofmyacquaintance,wehavedifferentreasonsforseekingtosimplifyourlives.downshiftinginthemid-'90sisnotsomuchasearchforthemythicalgood——growingyourownorganicvegetables,andriskingturningintoone——asaalrecognitionofyourlimitations.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoparagraphFull-timeemploymentisanewinternationalThewriterwascompelledbycircumstancestoleaveher“A lmove”meansstepoutoffull-timeThewriterwasonlytooeagertospendmoretimewithherThewriter’sexperimentshowsthatenableshertorealizeherhelpshermoldanewphilosophyofpromptshertoabandonherhighsocial“Jugglingone’slife”probablymeanslivingalifecharacterized non-materialistic [B]abitof[C]extreme [D]anti- [C]man’ssearchformythical [D]theeconomicPartIIIEnglish-Inlessthan30years’timetheStarTrekholodeckwillbeareality.Directlinksbetweenthebrain’snervoussystemandacomputerwillalsocreatefullsensoryvirtualenvironments,allowingvirtualvacationslikethoseinthefilmTotalRecall.equippedwithalitychips,computerswithin-builtalitieswillberegardedasworkmatesratherthantools,relaxationwillbeinfrontofsmellevision,anddigitalagewillhavearrived.years, puterswilldramaticallyaccelerateprogressinallareasoflife.43）Pearsonhaspiecedtogethertheworkofhundredsofresearchersaroundtheworldtoproduceauniquemillenniumtechnologycalendarthatgivesthelatestdatesofthebiggestdevelopmentswillbeinmedicine,includinganextendedlifeexpectancyanddozensofartificialorganscomingintousebetweennowand2040.Pearsonalsopredictsabreakthroughincomputer-humanlinks.“Bylinkingsimulatefeelingtoosothatwecanstarttodevelopfullsensoryenvironments,Butthat,Pearsonpointsout,isonlythestartofman-machineintegration:“Itwillbethebeginningofthelongprocessofintegrationthatwillultimayleadtoafullyelectronichumanbeforetheendofthenextcentury.”thatcanbepredicted.However,therearestillnoforecastsforwhenfaster-timetravelwillbepossible.Buthedoesexpectsocialproblemsasaresultoftechnologicaladvances.Aboominneighborhoodsurveillancecameraswill,for45）Andhomeapplianceswillalsoesosmartthatcontrollingandoperatingthemwillresultinthebreakoutofanewpsychologicaldisorder—kitchenrage.SectionV46.Amongalltheworthyfeelingsofmankind,loveisprobablythenoblest,buteveryonehashis/herownunderstandingofit.tothenewspaperto1）showyourunderstandingofthesymbolicmeaningofthepicturebelow.2）giveaspecificexample,and3）giveyoursuggestionastothebestwaytoshow第一部分英語知識應運試題解析[A]asto關于，至 [B]forinstance舉inparticular特別 [D]suchas例的的prominentcasesThetrialofRosemary接詞。首先排除astoinparticular。forinstance（或forexample）可表示“舉themovementwasgrowingbyleapsandbounds.（比如在芝加哥，運動正在迅猛發(fā)展。suchas的的首段第一句話的結構比較復雜，中心句為The ernmentistobanpaymentstoRosemaryWest做后置定語，用來修飾newspapers，意為“試圖收買涉及一些要案證人的 [B]intensifying加強，強[C]focusing集 本題考核的知識點是：動詞詞義辨析yourmindonworkandstudy.（你應該努力把思想集中在工作和學習上）文章第一段只提加或增強，不和control搭配，如：Thepresshasintensifieditsscrutinyofthecontrol知識點補充：control構成的搭配還有：gaintake/lose/seize～ofhave/hold～over,offer～，setup～[A]sketch略圖，草稿，梗 [C]preliminary初步的，預備 于“初步的，不完整的，簡略的”的含義，sketchsketchmap（略圖、示意圖roughpreliminar步的”，如：apreliminaryexamination（初試。[A]illogical不符合邏輯 [B]illegalimprobable不大可能發(fā)生 本題考核的知識點是：形容詞詞義辨析空格所在部分是that引導的定語從句thatwillproposemakingpaymentstowitnesses4，修飾先行詞bill，說明是怎樣一種法案。其中從句的賓語是一個復合官的行為應該是一致的。那么官提出法律草案的目的也是報界收買證人的做法。合邏輯，如：Sometimesillogicalbehaviorsmayresultinagreatinvention.（有時不合邏輯的做法可能會導致偉大的發(fā)明；improbableItis；improper題中，語氣太弱，如：anactimpropertotheoccasion（不合時宜的行為。[Apublicity公開，公諸于眾[Bpenaltypopularity[D]peculiarityof5_thatcanbegiventoacasecontrolthatgivesth.toacase符合這兩個要求的只有選項A.publicity，givepublicitytosth.（宣揚/公布某事）為jy／w（受歡迎）Oneofthepeculiaritiesofhisbehavioristhatheshoutsinsteadof[A]since自…以后，自…以 [B]if如果，要是，即[C]before在…之前 [D]as當…之時，與…一本題考核的知識點是：邏輯推理界要把這些證人的觀點公諸于眾，這些觀點難免夾雜個人的因素，而司法要求的是公正，不sharedwith)compliedwith)agreedwith)本題考核的知識點是：動詞短語語義辨析withsthwithHesharedthestorywithus.（他給我們講了這個故事）Thepatientcompliedwiththephysician’sorders.（遵從醫(yī)生的囑咐。[A]present[Boffer[Cmanifest表明，證明[D]indicate批評報界收買證人，隨意公開的情況，自我約束力度不夠。四個選項中，manifest和控。presentThecommitteeispresentingitsinvestigationreportnextweek.（將于下星期提出報告。Hedoesn’tmanifestmuchinterestinhisstudies.（他對學業(yè)沒多大）Thesymptomsindicateimmediatesurgery.（癥狀表明需要立即做外科手術。[A]Release釋放，放 [B]Publication，公之于[C]Printing印刷，打印，[D]Exposure發(fā)布”的意思，但它強調的是經過努力才得以，多用于消息（發(fā)布、影片或者書籍一些不好的事情，如違法或行為”，如：exposureofgraftintheernment.（對的因此正確答案是publication，表達的含義是“兩天后，這封信便[A]（a）stormof)一陣猛烈的（感情或激動）的爆發(fā)；一陣本題考核的知識點是：名詞詞義辨析空格所在部分是：LordIrvinecauseda 10ofmedia，這里描述了的程度。從結構上來看，填入的名詞應與“media”搭配。從文意來看，其烈的情感爆發(fā)或一陣”，如：astormoftears（淚如雨下），astormof（一陣/片猛烈的。；flare；flash示突然閃現的東西，如：aflashofhope（一線希望），aflashofwit（靈光一現）等。因此用astormof修飾media [A]translation翻譯，轉 [C]exhibition展覽，顯 exin，如：HowcanIinterpretedhisbehavior?（我怎么解釋他的行為。[A]betterthan好過，勝 [B]otherthan不同于；除[C]ratherthan是…而不是，與其…毋寧[D]soonerthan快于，早于本題空格前后連接的是兩個介詞短語（left）tojudges（留給）與（left）toParliament（留給國會interpretationofprivatecontrols，顯betterthansoonerthan，前者表達程度比較，后者反映速度比較。otherthan意為“是…而不是”，如：Theseshoesarecomfortableratherthanpretty.（這雙鞋子[A]changes改變，，改 [B]makes制造，安排，使（成為[C]sets致使，使（）做某事 [答案]BtheHumanRightsBill。從本題和下一題的選項可看出兩個空格應分別填入動詞和形容詞。那么從句的基本結構應是：動詞+賓語（theEuropeanConventiononHumanRights）settheboyright（糾正孩子的錯誤）agoodrestwillsetyouright（休息將使你的，set，set[A]binding有約束力 [B]convincing具有說服力[C]restraining抑制的，遏制的[D]sustaining本題考核的知識點是：形容詞詞義辨析ConventiononHumanRightslegally14。其次根據上下文，theHumanRightsBill…laiddownthateverybodywas15toprivacyandthatpublicfigurescouldgotocourttoprotectthemselvesandtheirfamilies（法案規(guī)定每一個人都…隱私權，公眾人物可以走上去保護自己和他們的家人，因此從《法案》的具體內容[A]authorized被[B]credited把…歸于，認為屬于[C]entitled有資格，能勝任[Dqualified空格所在部分的搭配是be+過去分詞+tosth.，其中to是介詞。四個選項中，beauthorizedbyherpartnertonegotiatewiththedealer.（她與經銷arecreditedtothebigstone.（人們認為這塊大石頭有超能，該詞組雖然在語法上可有權領取。 [B]to向，直到，靠著…，伴[C]from從…（時間離開，因 本題考查哪個介詞可以與insafehands（安然無恙）搭配?？崭袼诰渥邮荘ressdomswillbeinsafehands16ourBritishjudges（由掌握將安childwithyou.（我將把這孩子交給你。[A]impact沖撞，沖擊，影響[B]，事[C]inference推斷，結論[D]issue本題考核的知識點是：名詞詞義辨析先考生需知道West和前面提到的thetrialofRosemaryWest聯系起來，這個的影響 （），或推（infrene（impact能是have/makeagreatimpactonsth.，：Thisbookhadagreatimpactonits[A]stated陳述，表 [B]remarked陳述，發(fā)言，評[C]said [D]told告Upto19witnesseswere18tohavereceivedpayments，其謂語動詞是語態(tài)的復合結構：be+過去分詞+tohavedonesth.。適用這個結構的只19個證人因向報社講述他們的故事而獲得。[A]what關系代 [B]when關系副which關系代 [D]that關系代：同位語從句接在名詞后，對名詞作進一步解釋，說明其具體內容。這類名fconlusodecisio（doub（eviencefac（hop（ide（（new（，proble（rumo（sugesio（trut（[Aassure確保，保證[B]confide[C]ensure確保，使確信D]guarantee上夸大事實，目的就為了…定罪?？忌枧袛嗄膫€動詞可以與guiltyverdicts搭配。assureIcanassureyouofitsquality.（我，confide（把我的財產托付你保管。顯然這兩個含義都不符合文意。guaranteesth.時意為“擔保…質量，保證，”等，當含義是“保證”時多接褒義的名詞，如：guaranteeagoodensur據文意，證人的目的就是想確保讓得到定罪，因此ensure最符合句意。 個人都享有個人隱私權，公眾人物可以走上去保護自己和家人的權利。為了確保給定罪，可能會被慫恿在上夸大事實。第三部分閱讀理解試題解析顯。而這種專業(yè)化和職業(yè)化的分化過程早在19世紀英國的地質學領域就已經開始形成。Thegrowthofspecialisationin21.19科19thcenturymightbemoreinsciencessuch sociologyand physicsand sociologyand [Cphysicsand [D［解析］本題考核的知識點是：事實細節(jié)題+理學、化學與地質學都是以數學和培訓為基礎的科學，而社會學和心理學則不是。比較四個選項只有D選項“物理和化學”是正確答案。Wecaninferfromthepassage .22．從文中，我們可以推斷 thereislittledistinction specialisationandamateurscancompetewithprofessionalsinsomeareasof professionalstend eamateursintothescientific amateurshavenationalacademicsocieties[Ｄ]非專業(yè)研究人員擁有性的學butnolocal 另外式在范圍內聯合”不符。Theauthorwritesofthedevelopment23．作者提到地質學發(fā)展的目的是為了ofgeologytodemonstrate. 說明.theprocessofspecialisationand[Ａ]職業(yè)化和專業(yè)化形成的過程thehardshipofamateurs scientificthechangeofpoliciesinscientific[Ｃ]科技物方針的變thediscriminationof against例子很好地來說明。第三段談到英國地質學研究中標準的變化、專業(yè)和業(yè)余人員的不同可見，作者舉例的目的是描述職業(yè)化和專業(yè)化形成的過程，A選項正確。旨在說明的問題。D選項文中未明確提出。Thedirectreasonforspecialisation .［A］thedevelopmentin ［B］thegrowthof ［C］theexpansionofscientific ［D］thesplittingupofacademicsocieties[Ｄ]學術團體的B①Nevertheless,theword“amateur”doescarryaconnotationthatthemaynotfullyshareitsvalues.句子主干是theword“amateur”doescarryaconnotation，后面是that引導的同 ②ThetrendwasnaturallymostobviousinthoseareasofsciencebasedofthedevelopmentofgeologyintheUnitedKingdom.Thetrendwasobviousin...andcanbeillustratedintermsof...。sciencebasedonIntermsof“以…觀點/方式，就…而說”。③AcomparisonofBritishgeologicalpublicationsoverthelastcenturyandahalfrevealsnotsimplyanincreasingemphasisontheprimacyofresearch,butalsoachangingdefinitionofwhatconstitutesanacceptableresearchpaper.alsoemphasisdefinition④Theoverallresulthasbeentomakeentrancetoprofessionalgeologicaljournalsharderforamateurs,aresultthathasbeenreindbythewidespreadintroductionofrefereeing,firstbynationaljournalsinthenineteenthcenturyandthenbyseverallocalgeologicaljournalsinthetwentiethcentury.aresulttheresulthasbeenaresult，aresultthat的定語從句，其中存在兩套結構，一是aresulthasbeenreindbytheintroductionofrefereeing，另一套是firsttheintroductionofrefereeingfirstThus,inthenineteenthcentury,localgeologicalstudiesrepresentedhaveincreasinglyeacceptabletoprofessionalsonlyiftheyincorporate,andreflecton,thewidergeologicalpicture.speialze（v（in）；accumulate（v.prfesionlizv（professional（a.）專業(yè)的,職業(yè)的（n.）自由職業(yè)者，專業(yè)人員業(yè)余者的資格或amateurish（a.）業(yè)余的，非職業(yè)的，不熟練的amateurismn.（n.）（iot（integration（n.）綜合；integrative（a.）綜合的，的participation（n.）參與，參加；participate(v.)（in）參加，參與；，分擔；participator（n.）參與者，合作者；participatory（a.）供人的作 的標準也在不斷地發(fā)生變化（長難句③。因此，在19世紀，的方式從事局部的研究。結果是，業(yè)余人員更難在專業(yè)地質上。這種結果因為則要么留在地方性團體中，要么以不同方式組成性的團體。 gettingworsebecauseofthetherichcountriesareresponsible

theworldmustguardconsideredpositive講演中談到這種隱約出現的（loomingdanger，這里的danger當然是指前面提到的Atechnologicalreasons”即“Internet”可以縮小數字化分outofthedarkness. Internetbecauseit offerseconomiccanbringforeigncansoonwipeoutworldconnectspeopleallovertheworld[答案]A

26.重視互聯網是因 普及上網（spreadInternetaccess?？梢姡P心的是互聯網帶來的經濟利益。因此，A選項為正確答案。實還取決于很多因素。D選項只能是互聯網的一種功能，但不是關注的直接原因。Thewritermentionedthecaseofthe27.作者提及的例子是要證UnitedStatestojustifythe的政策是正確的of buildingindustrialacceptingforeigninvestment[答案]D

舉例之后，作者更直接，哪個國家利用多（Themoreforeigncapital，哪個國家就將更富裕（thebetteroff。DA反；B；CItseemsthatnowacountry’seconomy28.dependsmuch howwell-developeditis whetheritisprejudicedagainstimmigrants[B]它是否外來whetheritadoptsAmerica’s howmuchcontrolithasover [答案]Atodayisanelectronicinfrastructure）中哪個國家接受的越多就越富有，言外之意是利用進行電子基礎建設才是富有與否的關鍵。這足以說明A選項“其電子工業(yè)發(fā)礎設施的成功范例，而不是提倡完全效仿它的模式。所以C選項也不對。①AstheInternetesmoreandmorecommercialized,itisintheinterestofbusinesstouniversalizeaccess—afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotentialcustomersthereare.該句子的主句是itisintheinterestofsbtodosth.（做某事符合的利益，Asovertheiroutdatedanti-colonialprejudiceswithrespecttoforeigninvestment.該句結構并不復雜，關鍵注意其中的幾個介詞短語的使用，getover克服，從……中③ThemoreforeigncapitalyouhavehelyoubuildyourThirdWavegoingtobe.引導的定語從句解釋前面的ThirdWaveinfrastructure。toolforcombatingworldpovertythatwe’veever句中maywell+動詞結構相當于havegoodreasonto，意為“理應，有足夠的理②Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryofinfrastructure(thebasicstructuralfoundationsofasociety)intheUnitedStates.Might/may(as)well+動詞結構常常用來建議或勸說采取某種活動，有時相thislessonmightwellaskmeafterclass.（那些對這篇課文仍然有問題的同學不如課/inviteone’sattentiontosth.，engageone’sattention；二是“（）注意（某”concentratdivertattentionfromsth（轉移注意力）divide（n.：分lecture（n./v.），講課，～tosomebodyonsomething；教訓，譴響的,可理解的；inaccessible（a.）無法接近的，不能達到的，難懂的combat（n./v.）搏斗，，～poverty對抗貧困，也可用defeatpoverty線（低于紅線，infrasound（低于音速。主義偏見（長難句②。那些認為外國投資是本國主權的國家不妨研究一下的基礎設施（社會的基本結構基礎）建設歷史（佳句②。當初建設自己的工業(yè)基礎設施時，投資。他們提供，美洲建造。想想看，現在誰擁有這一切？人。，在這件③第二段：直接該的結果不令人滿意。第五段：進一步這種差距是由于界的生活態(tài)度導致的。Whatisthepassagemainly［A］Needsofthereadersallovertheaboutnewspapers.［D］Aimsofajournalismcredibility

僅僅在第二段提及這一項目的內容和發(fā)現，屬于細節(jié)內容，而非內容。般為首句。一般而言，段包含文章思想。如無段，則找到各段的句加以 Theresultsofthejournalismcredibilityprojectturnedouttobe.［A］quite［B］somewhat［C］very[答案]D

30.可信度項目的結果 第二段涉及該的結果。該段“這次機構可信度的計劃只得出一些極其首先確定到B、D兩個選項內，接下來需要考慮的問題就是“ Thebasicproblemofjournalistsaspointedoutbythewriterliesin

［A］working［B］conventional ［C］world［D］educational31.作者的們存在的基本問題是他

觀每天都發(fā)生著碰撞（thedailyclashofworldviews。因此，CDespiteitsefforts,thenewspaper32．盡管界付出了努力，仍然不能滿足industrystillcannotsatisfythe readersowingtoits ［A］failuretorealizeitsreal ［B］tendencytohireannoying ［C］likelinesstodoinaccuratereporting［C］［D］prejudiceinmattersofraceandgender［D］有種族和此A選項是正確答案。慮招收不同種族和的員工”的事實不符。factualerrorsandspellingandgrrmistakes,combinedwithlotsofhead-scratchingpuzzlementaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant.errorsandspellingandgrrmistakesfindingscombinedaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant是puzzlement的補語。②Mostjournalistslearntoseetheworldthroughasetofstandardtemtes(patterns)intowhichtheyplugeachday’sevents.Inotherwords,thereisaconventionalstorylineinthenewsroomculturethatprovidesabackboneandaready-madenarrativestructureforotherwiseconfusingnews.storyline。enterpriseculture.（企業(yè)文化③Ifitdid,itwouldopenupitsdiversityprogram,nowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender,andlookforreporterswhodifferbroadlybyoutlook,values,education,andclass.此句為虛擬語氣，主要結構為：Ifitdid,itwouldopenup...andlookfor...。andnowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender個who引導的定語從句。RepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelythey’relesslikelytogotochurch,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsinaremorelikelytoandarelesslikelyto...后都跟了三個不定式getroundto集集為什么那么多人不相信自己在報紙上看到的東西？編輯正試圖回答遺憾的是，這次機構可信度計劃結果只獲得了一些膚淺的發(fā)現，諸如報但這種對的不信任有更深刻的根源。多數都學著用一套標準的模式去看待世界，并把每天發(fā)生的套入這一模式即可。換言之，在的采編室文化中存在著一套約定俗成的寫作模式，為紛繁復雜的提供了一個主干框架和一個現成的故事敘述套路②）一座大都市的手中，然后隨機地給這些城市的居民打，問他們同樣的問題。 頭來去注意那么多以前的顧客所抱怨的文化和偏見。如果它能注意這個問題的話，它進一步尋找那些世界觀、價值觀、教育水平和各不相同的（長難句③） Whatisthetypicaltrendofbusinessestoday?TotakeinmoreforeignToinvestmoreTocombineand ebigger.[D]Totradewithmorecountries.

33.企業(yè)發(fā)展的主要趨勢 [B]地向海外投[D]與國家做生這一并購從異?；钴S的到達歐洲，并以不可比擬的（unsurpassedmight）影響到新興經濟國家。接著第二段談到公司在世界范圍內貿易的迅猛增長。因此，C選項即文中多次提到的mergersandacquisitions，是企業(yè)發(fā)展的主要趨勢。其他三項都關鍵字眼mergersandacquisitions的意義。Accordingtotheauthor,oneofthedrivingsbehindM&Awaveis.

thegreatercustomerasurplussupplyfortheagrowing

足顧客的需求。顯然，A選項即為上面提到的三個因一，為正確答案。B選項即市場供應過剩，應該是企業(yè)縮小生產的原因。其他CD兩項在文中均沒有提及。 Fromparagraph4wecaninfer theincreasingconcentrationiscertaintohurtconsumers bothbenefitsandcosts thecostsoftheglobalizationprocessareenormoustheStandardOiltrustmighthavethreatenedcompetition

出，但是目前數家石油公司的合并，是否會再次對競爭造成卻難以預料；100年前成。由此可以推知D選項為正確答案。Towardthenewbusinesswave,the writer’sattitudecanhe saidto [A [B [C 進行說明。所以作者的態(tài)度應該