2020高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧專項(xiàng)突破二：閱讀理解專題之文章出處及文體類型題(含答案)

專題2閱讀理解專之----文章出處及文體類型【設(shè)問(wèn)

形式】判文出及體型常設(shè)形：Theismostlikelytobetakenfrom______.wouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?TheismostlikelyapartdoesthistextprobablyWhattypeofwritingisthistext?【查式高考閱讀理解文章出處的考查旨在考查學(xué)生對(duì)一篇文章的內(nèi)容的理解及對(duì)各種文章出處的特點(diǎn)常識(shí)，對(duì)文章的體裁和題材的準(zhǔn)確把握能力。幾乎所有話題都有可能涉及文章出處、文章類別的的閱讀目。解答文章出處和文體類型題主要從文章的體裁和題材內(nèi)容來(lái)作出判斷?？忌枰诶斫馕恼碌牡A(chǔ)上去了解各種出處的特點(diǎn)，以便結(jié)合文章的內(nèi)容、關(guān)鍵詞作出準(zhǔn)確的判斷。首先注意常見(jiàn)的出處類型特點(diǎn)：如①新聞報(bào)道的段通常為導(dǎo)語(yǔ)括物間點(diǎn)事件等科類雜志sciencemagazine)或科普類說(shuō)明文常會(huì)出現(xiàn)cientistshavefound;theresearch/studyshows等明實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的句子；雜志的文章更為豐富，話題更具體，語(yǔ)言比較輕松活潑；③廣的用詞和格式特殊，很好辨認(rèn)，廣告可能會(huì)談到某產(chǎn)品的特色、價(jià)格等，會(huì)透露出鼓勵(lì)讀者去了解和購(gòu)買的信息。④產(chǎn)品說(shuō)明器皿、設(shè)備的使用說(shuō)明會(huì)有產(chǎn)品名稱或操作方式的服用說(shuō)明會(huì)有服用時(shí)間等究report),語(yǔ)言嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真，文章往往保護(hù)具體的數(shù)據(jù)或事實(shí)依據(jù)，實(shí)際情況等。⑥課本教會(huì)用教化性的語(yǔ)言說(shuō)講解味較為濃厚對(duì)讀對(duì)象的指向性很明確⑦傳記biography):史性強(qiáng)時(shí)間線索比較明顯，往往包含重要事件科小sciencefiction):容多為對(duì)某些尚未出現(xiàn)或發(fā)現(xiàn)的科學(xué)發(fā)明等進(jìn)行想和預(yù)測(cè)。⑨旅行指(travelguide/guidebook):給游者提供一些旅游信息，介紹當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍┖萌ヌ?，如：餐館、公園、旅游景點(diǎn)等⑩網(wǎng)站website內(nèi)容廣泛，文章常出c等絡(luò)用語(yǔ)。實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練【例題全國(guó)B篇Theybabyisjustoneoldhasnotyetlefthospital.SheisquietbutalertTwentycentimetersfromfaceresearchersplacedawhitecardwithtwoblackspotsonShestaresitcarefully.researcherthecardandreplacesitbyanother,thistimewiththespotsdifferentlyspaced.thecardschangefromonetotheother,her凝)startslosefocusuntilathird,withthreeblackspots,ispresented.Hergaze；looksatitfortwiceaslongassheatpreviouscard.tellthatnumbertwoisdifferentfromthree,just24hoursafterintoworld?OrdonewbornssimplyprefermoretoTheexperiment,butwiththreespotsshownbeforetwo,showsthesamereturnofinterestwhenspotschanges.Perhapsitisjustnewness?slightlyolderbabiescardspicturesobjects(acomb,akey,anandsoon),changingnumberofobjectshadaneffectseparatechangingtheobjectsthemselves.Coulditbethepatternthattwothingsopposedtothree?Noagain.Babiespaidmoreattentionsquaresmovingrandomlyascreentheirnumberchangedfromtwotothree,threetwo.Theeffectevencrossesbetweensenses.Babiesrepeatedlytwospotsmoreexcitedwhentheythenthreedrumbeatsthantheyjust同地whenresearchersstarteddrumbeatsandto63.Wherethistextprobablycomefrom?A.Sciencefiction.B.Children’literature.C.Anadvertisement.D.Asciencereport.解析：章主要講通研究人的實(shí)驗(yàn)，來(lái)明嬰兒備感知數(shù)量能力。據(jù)題材內(nèi)容讀符合究報(bào)告的特，所以D【舉一三】ATherelotofnewstoartificialorAI,andlearning.thetwowithcompetitionsandInonemachinesthatusedAIthanbeingsinahigh-levelreadingnaturallanguageprocessinghumanintheexperiment.OneofwasbytheAmericantechnologyMicrosoft.othercreatedbyAlibabaGroup.Inanotheracomputertookinlive,publiceventdemonstratedhowcomputersbeingdevelopedsoundlikeTheofthedebates,U.S.technologycompanysplitItwatchingsaidtheyfeltthemachinehaddonemoretoimproveofsubject.But,themorepraiseforcommunicatingtheirThisexploredthewaysAIandlearningbeingused.example,uselearningforhowlong,shouldThetoexamineofcourtOnefast-growingareaofAIfacialwhichisincreasinglyusedforpurposes.Recently,airportthefirstinU.topermitpassengersusefacialtechnologyonflights.AChinesecompanyoffanAIsystemitbybodyshapewalkingsystemisalreadyusedbypoliceinBeijingInaddition,machinewasusedresultsofWorldcompetition.ThetechnologyalsothatsoldlargeofAnditbeingusedfarmertimewhilereducingchemicals.technologysystemsarebeingusedfarmanimalswildlifeinformationonactivities.WhycompetitionsmentionedinshowhowbetterAIandlearningthanhumans.AIandmachineLearninggotmorepraisecommunication.showhowpowerfulAIAIandmachinelearningbeenintheworkofU.S.areandbodyusedforinthepassage?Knowledgelearning.control.C.Officeautomation.D.Trackingsurvey.caninferpassage?AIbeenwidelyineveryperson'sdailyHumancanbyAIinMorebeingpaidtoAIworld.MoreadvancedAlhelpingpeopleinmoreandmoreisAtechnologyreport.Anaturalsciencemagazine.C.sciencefiction.D.Adocument.A【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。人工智能和機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)快速發(fā)展，機(jī)器在一些比賽中超過(guò)了人類。除此以外，機(jī)器和人工智能被應(yīng)用于很多領(lǐng)域。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二第三段可知在第一場(chǎng)比賽中，使用工智能的機(jī)器表現(xiàn)得比人類更好；在第二個(gè)比賽中，機(jī)器人在公開(kāi)辯論中挑戰(zhàn)人類，結(jié)果大多數(shù)觀看者認(rèn)為機(jī)器在提高他們對(duì)這門學(xué)科的識(shí)方面做得更好。這兩個(gè)比賽都體現(xiàn)了人工智能和機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的強(qiáng)大，選。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)fast-growingareaofAIwhichforsecurity”可人智能的一個(gè)快速發(fā)展的領(lǐng)域是面部識(shí)別，它越來(lái)越多地被用于安全目的。故選B推理判斷題。根“U.S.learningthemwhen,可知一些美國(guó)法官使用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)來(lái)幫助他們決定罪犯應(yīng)該被監(jiān)禁的時(shí)間和期限，再根據(jù)最后兩段可知機(jī)學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能還被應(yīng)用于安全監(jiān)控和預(yù)測(cè)世界杯足球賽的結(jié)果，保護(hù)環(huán)境等。根據(jù)這些可以推斷機(jī)器越來(lái)越多的領(lǐng)域幫助著人類，故選D。推理判斷題。本文文章主要是關(guān)于人工智能和機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的最有可能是來(lái)自于科技報(bào)告（Atechnologyreport.），故選A。BofusloveJulybecauseit’sthenature’sberriesandstonefruitsareabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsBritishColumbia’spowerhousesnutritionalprotection.Ofcommonberries,strawberriesareinvitaminC,ofraspberriescontainlittle蛋白質(zhì)),zincthatprotein).in(抗氧化物質(zhì)orangestonefruitsareincarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAwhichareantioxidants.Ascherries桃),socare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