計(jì)算機(jī)發(fā)展史(英語版)

HistoryOfcomputerdevelopmentElectroniccomputerIn1946PennsylvaniaUniversityintheUSAdevelopedthefirstelectroniccomputerintheworldthroughseveralyears"hardefforts."ENIAC兩位設(shè)計(jì)者

——莫契利和埃克特TransistorcomputerInthelate1960sandearly1970s,engineersmadegreatstrides（進(jìn)步）inreducingthesizeofelectroniccomponents.Theydevelopedthesemiconductorchip(半導(dǎo)體芯片),whichwasaboutthesizeofafingenailandcouldcontainhundredsoftransistors.1955年，貝爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室使用800只晶體管組裝了世界上第一臺(tái)晶體管計(jì)算機(jī)TRADIC。(TransistorDigitalComputer)PersonalComputerIn1981,InternationalBusinessMachines(IBM),thelargestcomputercompanyintheworld,introduceditsownmicrocomputer,dubbedtheIBMPC(“PC”istheabbreviationforpersonalcomputer).TheFirstIBMPCThiscomputerissmallinsizeandyoucaneasilyarrangeittofitinyourbedroomwithitsall .Todaythisisthoughttobethemostpopularcomputerinall.Today’sdaySitdowninfrontofaniMacandsomethingincrediblehappens:Theworldaroundyouseemstodisappear,andyouloseyourselfinthebig,beautifuldisplay.Tocreateanexperiencethisimmersive(身臨其境),wepushedeverylimit,consideredeverydetail,andadvancediMacinastonishing(驚奇)ways.We’vegonetoextraordinarylengths.Andwidths.Theultimateall-in-one.

Honedtothecuttingedge.ThefirstiMacwasarevolution:Anall-in-onecomputer(一體機(jī))

thatputeverything—mainframe(主機(jī)), monitor(顯示器)

andmore—insideonesimple,fashionableshell(外殼).Today,iMacincludesabrilliantdesktopdisplay,andit’sfilledwiththelatesthigh-performancetechnologies.Yetit’sjust5mmthinatitsedge.Thedevelopmentofcomputertechnologyhasthefollowingfourcharacteristics：1.

multi-polarization(多極化)2.

Intelligent(智能化)3.

networked(網(wǎng)絡(luò)化)4.

multimedia(多媒體)計(jì)算機(jī)的未來發(fā)展趨勢DNA計(jì)算機(jī)激光計(jì)算機(jī)量子計(jì)算機(jī)納米計(jì)算機(jī) Fifthgenerationcomputerreferstoanewgenerationofcomputers,withartificialintelligence,ithasthereasoning,lenovo,judgment,decisionmaking,learning,andotherfunctions.Thesecomputersare:superconductingcomputers,nanocomputer,lightcomputerandDNAcomputerandquantumcomputer,etc. Fifthgenerationcomputerreferstoanewgenerationofcomputers,withartificialintelligence,ithasthereasoning,lenovo,judgment,decisionmaking,learning,andotherfunctions.Thesecomputersare:superconductingcomputers,nanocomputer,lightcomputerandDNAcomputerandquantumcomputer,etc.

第五代計(jì)算機(jī)是指新一代的計(jì)算機(jī)，人工智能，它具有推理，聯(lián)想，判斷，決策，學(xué)習(xí)等功能。這些計(jì)算機(jī)有：超導(dǎo)計(jì)算機(jī)，納米計(jì)算機(jī)，光計(jì)算機(jī)和DNA計(jì)算機(jī)和量子計(jì)算機(jī)等。Computeristousethelaserasacarrierofinformationprocessingofcomputer,alsocalledis,theirspeedwillbeatleast1000timesfasterthanordinarycompu