心理學(xué)專業(yè)英語emotion

心理學(xué)專業(yè)英語emotion第一頁，共19頁。LessonTwelve

Emotions

第二頁，共19頁。Maincontents1.TheoriesofEmotion2.TheExternalExpressionofEmotionfacialexpressionsbodylanguagetouching

第三頁，共19頁。1、EmotionsContemporarypsychologistsdefineemotionasacomplexpatternofbodilyandmentalchangesthatincludesphysiologicalarousal,feelings,cognitiveprocesses,andspecificbehavioralreactionsmadeinresponsetoasituationperceivedaspersonallysignificant.當(dāng)代心理學(xué)家將情緒界定為一種軀體和精神上的復(fù)雜的變化模式，包括生理喚醒、感覺、認(rèn)知過程以及行為反應(yīng)，這些是對(duì)個(gè)人知覺到的獨(dú)特處境的反應(yīng)。第四頁，共19頁。喚醒感覺思想行動(dòng)回想愉快的場(chǎng)景第五頁，共19頁。Paragraph1Question:Whatisemotion?Mostoftime,itreferstopositiveornegtivefeelingsthatareproducedinparticularsituations.第六頁，共19頁。

TheJames-LangeTheoryTheCannon-BardTheory

ThePapezCircuitTheoriesofEmotion

Cognitiveappraisaltheories第七頁，共19頁。TheoriesofEmotionTheJames-LangeTheory（軀體反應(yīng)的詹姆斯—蘭格理論）

Question:

WhatdidJames-Langetheoryproposed？

Thetheoryproposesthattheexperienceofemotionresultsfromtheperceptionofone’sownphysiologicalchanges.情緒就是對(duì)身體變化的知覺。第八頁，共19頁。TheCannon-BardTheory

坎農(nóng)—巴德的中樞神經(jīng)過程理論

DescrivetheCannon-Bardtheory.Thistheorystatesthatanemotionstimulusproducestwoconcurrentreactions,arousalandexperienceofemotion.Whenapersonfacesanemotion-arousalevent,nerveimpulsesfirstpassthroughthethalamus.Halfgoestothecerebralcortex,whereitproducesthesubjectiveexperienceoffearorangerorhappiness;theotherhalfgoestothehypothalamus,whichcommandsthebodyphysiologicalchanges.第九頁，共19頁。ThePapezCircuitEmotionisafunctionnotofspecificbrain“centers”butofcircuitry.ThestructuresofPapez’s“circuit”constitutemuchofwhatisnowcalledthelimbicsystem.大腦邊緣皮層、海馬、丘腦和下丘腦等結(jié)構(gòu)在情緒體驗(yàn)和情緒表現(xiàn)中具有重要作用。邊緣系統(tǒng)中,從海馬經(jīng)穹窿、乳頭體、丘腦前核和扣帶回,再回到海馬的環(huán)路(帕帕茲環(huán)路)，對(duì)情緒產(chǎn)生有重要作用。第十頁，共19頁。Cognitiveappraisaltheoriesofemotion

Theexperienceofemotionisthejointeffectofphysiologicalarousalandcognitiveappraisal.Youappraiseyourphysiologicalarousalinanefforttodiscoverwhatyouarefeeling,whatemotionallabelbestfits,andwhatyourreactionmeansintheparticularsettinginwhichitisbeingexperienced.情緒的體驗(yàn)是一種生理喚醒和認(rèn)知評(píng)價(jià)相結(jié)合的狀態(tài)。你對(duì)你的生理喚醒進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，來努力決定你的感覺是什么，哪個(gè)情緒標(biāo)簽最為合適，以及你的反應(yīng)意味著哪些特定的體驗(yàn)。第十一頁，共19頁。第十二頁，共19頁。TheexternalexpressionofemotionFacialexpressionsascluestoothers’emotions.Question:

Whatarethebasicemotions?Anger,fear,sadness,disgust,happiness,surpriseandcontempt.第十三頁，共19頁。第十四頁，共19頁。Howdoescultureconstrainemotionalexpression?Emotionalexpressioninindividualisticandcollectivistcultures.第十五頁，共19頁。BodylanguageFrequentbodymovement-especiallyonesinwhichaparticularpartofthebodydoessomethingtoanotherpart,suchastouching,scratching,orrubbing,suggestemotionalarousal.第十六頁，共19頁。WhatdoesAronoff’sreasearchfound?Thedangerous,threateningcharacterswouldshowmorediagonalorangularpostures,whilethewarm,sympatheticcharacterswouldshowmoreroundedposture