第一冊Unit3新編實用英語教程第4版高教社教案

UnitThreeRoadsignsandCommutingTeachingTime:8periodsTeachingObjectives:SsShouldLearntoDo1.Askwhereaparticularplaceis:inacitywithinabuilding2.Showdirections3.Talkaboutmeansoftransporttotake4.UnderstandandwriteroadandofficesignsKeyPoints:WhatYouShouldKnowAbout1.Differentfeelingsabouttraveling2.FormingofpluralnounsSectionⅠTalkingFacetoFaceImitatingMini-TalksActingouttheTasksStudyingMapsSpeakandReciteSpeakandPerformStudyandImitateFollowingSampleDialoguesPuttingLanguagetoUseImitateandPerformSpeakandCompleteSpeakandCommunicateSECTIONIVMaintainingaSharpEyePASSAGEIInformationRelatedtotheReadingPassageAmericaisanationonwheels.Americansusetheircarsevenforveryshortdistancessuchasgoingtotheneighborhoodstoretobuysomegroceries.Theaveragehouseholdownstwocars,trucksorsportvehiclesandoneinfourownsthreeormore.NinetypercentofAmericansdrivetogetwheretheyneedtogo,reportinganaverageof87minutesadaybehindthewheel.Forcarcommuters,it'sanaverageof100minutes.CitieslikeAtlanta,SanBernardinoandRiverside,Calif.,havedifficultcommutesastheresultofcitysprawl.InAtlanta,12.7%ofcommutersspendmorethananhourgettingtowork,andinthe“InlandEmpire”,whichincludesSanBernardinoandRiverside,15%ofcommuterstakemorethananhourtogettotheoffice.Aboutathirdcanbeclassifiedasaggressivedrivers.Sixintenconcedetheysometimesgowelloverthespeedlimit.Sixty-twopercentoccasionallygetfrustratedbehindthewheel,morethanfourintengetangryandtwointensometimesboilintoroadrage.Andnothingfuelsdriverangerlikegettingstuckinatrafficjam.Anyway,theroadstilloffersmorefreedomthanfrustration.ThreequartersofAmericanssaydrivingoftengivesthemasenseofindependence,andnearlyhalfsayit'softenrelaxing.Fourintenlovetheircars—notjustlikethem,butlovethem.LanguagePointsIExplanationofDifficultSentences1.(Para.2)Takingpicturesoffunnyroadsignswhiletravelingisafavoritepastimeformanytravelers.Analysis:Thegerundphrasebeginningwithtakingisthesubjectofthesentence,inwhichwhiletravelling(=whiletheyaretravelling)servesasthetimeadverbialoftheverbtaking.Translation:旅行過程中拍一些滑稽有趣的路牌對很多旅行者來說都是一大消遣樂事。Example:LookingelsewherewhiletalkingtocustomersisnotconsideredgoodManners.2.(Para.2)Allareperfectforaddingtoyourtravelphotoalbumandsharingwithfriends.Analysis:Forisapreposition,whichtakestwogerundphrases(adding,sharing)asitsobject.Translation:這些都完全適合添加進你的旅行相冊中與朋友分享。Example:ThesongisperfectforsingingintheNewYearcelebration.3.(Para.4)Afterall,theauthoritiesputupawarningsign,picturingacarflyingheadfirstintothesea.Analysis:Thenounsignhasapresentparticlephraseasitspost-modifier(picturing=whichpictured)andthenouncaralsohasapresentparticlephraseasitspost-modifier(flying=thatwasflying).Translation:畢竟，有關部門豎立了一塊警示牌，上面畫的是一輛轎車頭朝下飛入大海。Example:Theartistshowedushisnewoilpainting,depictingaprettygirldancinginthegarden.4.(Para.4)Andthatsign,picturedagainstanactualcliffinthebackground,makesagreattravelphoto.Analysis:Thenounsignhasapastparticlephraseasitspost-modifier(pictured=thatispictured).Theverbmakehereactsasalinkingverb,whichmeanshavethequalitiesforapurpose.Translation:襯托著背景中的真實山崖拍攝的這塊路牌，構成了一幅絕佳的旅行照片。Example:Thechurch,situatedinthebeautifulmountainousarea,makesanidealplaceforaweddingreception.IIImportantWords1.straightforwarda.simpletounderstand;honestandopen直白易懂的；坦率的e.g.Peoplewhoaretoostraightforwardinspeakingmayeasilyoffendothers.Hewasenthusiastic,intelligentandstraightforward.2.occasionallyad.nowandthen有時，偶爾e.g.Occasionallythemachinegoeswrongwithoutanyapparentcause.Everyonewantedaplacewheretheycouldbeleftaloneoccasionally.3.officiala.connectedwiththoseinpower官方的；當局的；正式的e.g.Thenewsisalmostcertainlytruealthoughitisnotofficial.ThePresidentoftheUnitedStateswillmakeanofficialvisittothiscountry.4.evidencen.oneormorereasonsforbelievingsomethingistrueoruntrue證據；證詞e.g.Thereisevidencethatcollegeexamcheatingisontherise.Avideotapewaspresentedasevidenceincourt.5.captionn.abriefdescriptionaccompanyingapictureortitleofanarticle圖片說明；標題；字幕e.g.Thecaptionofanewspaperarticleisusuallysetinlargetype.Heisinterestedinthecaptionsunderthepictures.6.bewarev.becarefulaboutsomething注意，當心，謹防e.g.Beware!Ifyouhavetoomuchsweetfood,you'llgetfat.Bewareoftrains!PASSAGEIIInformationRelatedtotheReadingPassageAscitiesgrow,moreandmoreAmericansareleavingforworkbetween5a.m.and6:30a.m.andarecommutingforlongerperiodsoftime.Herearewhatsomeoftheworstcitiesforcommutersarelike.InAtlanta,thefastest-growingcityinAmerica,morepeoplefloodtheroadwaysthantheinfrastructurecanhandle.Commutersspend60hoursayearstuckintraffic,secondonlytothoseinLosAngeles.Ifthatisnotbadenough,Atlantaissospreadoutthatonly29%ofdriversgettoandfromworkinlessthan20minutes,and13%spendmorethananhourgettingtowork.Thelocaltrainsystemdoesn'tcovertheentirecity,andthusfailstorelievethepressure.BecausemostoftheworkersinWashingtonD.C.arecommutingfromtheVirginiaorMarylandsuburbs,itcantakeanexceedinglylongtimetomakeitdowntown.Here,15%ofcommuterstakeoveranhourtogettowork,thesecondhighestrateinthecountry.Driversspend60hoursayearstuckintraffic,andonly26%ofcommutersgettoworkinunder20minutes.InHouston,Texas,13%ofpeoplecarpool,thehighestsuchpercentageincitieswithover2millionworkers,andthirdamongcitieswithmorethan1millionworkers.Still,unlikeDallasandAustin,Houstonhaslargelyresistedmasstransitsystemdevelopmentinfavorofexpandingroadways,highwaysandinterstatestoaccommodatemorecars.LanguagePointsIExplanationofDifficultSentences1.(Para.1)Whomore?Analysis:Thisisanellipticalsentence.Thecompletesentencecouldbe:WhodidmoretravellingthanIdid?Translation:有誰比我換乘還多呢？Example:Hewasplayingnetgamesonlinefor20hours.Whomore?2.(Para.2)?whydosomanypeoplespendlotsoftimeandmoneygettingtoworkinsteadofmovingneartoit?Analysis:SpendtimeormoneyV-ingisacommonEnglishexpression.Insteadofdoingisaphrasemeaningnotdoing.Anotherphrasewhichhasthesimilarmeaningisratherthan.Translation:為什么那么多的人寧愿上班花那么多的時間和金錢，而不搬到工作單位附近居住呢？Example:Martinspentlotsoftimecomplainingabouthisbossinsteadofdoinganything.3.(Para.2)Itwouldbesonerve-andtraffic-savingifeveryonelivedneartheirwork.Analysis:Noticethisisatypicalsentencepatterninsubjunctivemood.Nerve-andtrafficsavingareshortfornerve-savingandtraffic-saving.Othersimilarwordsaretime-saving,labor-saving,etc.Translation:如果大家都住在工作地點附近，能少傷多少腦筋，少乘多少車啊。Example:Itwouldbetime-andlabor-savingifweadoptedthelatesttechnology.4.(Para.5)IfIhadlivednexttowhereIworked,Iwouldhavehadtomoveseventimesinthelast30years.Analysis:Notethatthesubjunctivemoodisusedtoexpressanunrealcondition.Payattentiontothetensesthatareusedintheconditionalclauseandthemainclause.Translation:如果我是住在工作單位附近，在過去的三十年里我就得搬七次家了。Example:Ifwehadtalkedaboutit,wewouldhavesolvedtheproblembetweenus.IIImportantWords1.marketingn.thecommercialprocessesinvolvedinpromotingandsellinganddistributingaproductorservice銷售；促銷；營銷e.g.Theyhavecomeupwithnewandwonderfulmarketingideas.Ourmarketingandbusinesscoursesarehighlyvaluedbyemployersandwillhelpyoudeveloppracticalskills.2.postv.putamessageontheInternet（在互聯(lián)網上）發(fā)帖子e.g.Hepostedavideoandsomeoftheactress'sphotosonline.Youcanfindlotsofnewlypostedarticlesaboutc