托福模擬試卷47(題后含答案及解析)

經(jīng)典word整理文檔，僅參考，雙擊此處可刪除頁(yè)眉頁(yè)腳。本資料屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)，請(qǐng)聯(lián)系刪除，謝謝！托福模擬試卷47題后含答案及解析)題型有：1.ListeningComprehension3.ReadingComprehension4.SPEAKING5.WRITINGSection：ListeningComprehension聽(tīng)力原文：NarratorListentopartofalectureinabusinessclass.ProfessorGoodmorning,everyone.Today,Ur...firstofall,’dliketotalkaboutbusinesscustomsaroundtheworld.Theworldisbecomingsmallerandsmallerwiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.Areyougoingtoattendanacademicconferenceorareyougoingtodobusinesswithforeigners?Thefollowingpassagegivesadviceoncustomsandprotocolinavarietyofdifferentcountries.Foreignculturesadheretodifferentbusinesscustomsandprotocol.Forexample,caffeinejunkiesshouldrestrainthemselvesintheMiddleEast.Threecupsofteaorcoffeeisusuallythepolitelimitinofficesandduringsocialcalls.However,ifyourhostkeepsgoing,youalsomaycontinuesipping.Ifyouvehadyourfill,giveyouremptycupaquicktwist,asortofwiggle,asyouhanditback.Thatmeans,Nomore,thankyou.“Also,visitorstotheMiddleEastshouldnotbesurprisedifothersbargerightintotheofficeinthemiddleofyourconversationwiththepersonyouareseeing.AnoldArabcustomcallsforkeepinganopenoffice.TheBritish,however,consideritimpolitetointerruptavisitor,evenafterallbusinesshasbeentransacted.Thecommercialcallerisexpectedtobesensitivetothispoint,knowwhentostop,andinitiatehisorherowndeparture.Spanishbusinesspeopleconnectwithtangibles.Samplesofproductsofservicesshouldbeofferedwheneverpossible.Additionally,inSpain,officesandretailestablishmentsgenerallyclosefrom1:00p.m.toaslateas4:30p.m.AlfonsoEscalera,U.S.representativeforSpanishLineshippingcompany,addsthatblackshoes,notbrown,areconsideredproperforbusinessoccasions.TheSpanishhavehistoricallyfavoredblackandultra-darkcolors.GoodofficemannersinIndonesiarequirethevisitortopresentabusinesscardimmediately.Ifnocardisoffered,longdelaysmayresult.ThemarkofathoughtfulexecutiveistohaveonesideinEnglishandtheotherinBahasa.InJapan,avisitorshouldbepreparedtodistributeasmanyas40businesscardsaday.ProtocolinFrancecallsforlistingacademiccredentialsononescallingcards.InJapan,certainguestsateveningbusinessgatheringswillleaveearly.Theyshouldbeallowedtoleavewithoutenthusiasticgood-byes.TheJapaneseconsiderformaldeparturestobedisruptiveinsuchcasesanddisturbingtoremainingguests.InScandinaviaandFinland,businessguestsmaybeaskedtoshedtheirclothesandjointheirhostsinasauna.Theinvitationisasignthatagoodworkingrelationshiphasbeenestablished.Denmark,avisitorwhoisinvitedtoabusinessassociateshomeshouldtakeflowersorsomeunusualdelicacy.InNorway,tobetotallycorrect,thevisitorshouldsendagiftthedayafterdinner;inFrancealwayssendflowersbeforevisitingahomeforIndinner.However,dontsendchrysanthemums;they’reforfunerals.Beyondflowersandgifts,theFrenchpreferabusinessvisitortosponsoraspecialoccasionaftermajordealings.Nowgetreadytoanswerthequestions.Youmayuseyournotestohelpyouanswer.1.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?2.Inthelecture,theprofessordescribescustomsandprotocolinavarietyofdifferentcountries.Indicatewhethereachofthefollowingiscustomsandprotocolinthecountries.Tickthecorrectboxforeachphrase.3.WhatistheprotocolinFranceconcerningcallingcards?4.Accordingtotheprofessor,whatisthesignthatagoodworkingrelationshiphasbeenestablishedinScandinavia?5.Inthefollowing,whatisimpliedbasedontheprofessorsdescription?ProfessorJapaneseconsiderearlyformaldeparturestobedisruptiveinsuchcasesanddisturbingtoremainingguests,theyshouldareallowedtoleavewithoutenthusiasticgood-byes.6.Inthefollowing,whatisimpliedbasedontheprofessorsdescription?ProfessorInDenmark,avisitorwhoisinvitedtoabusinessassociateshomeshouldtakeflowersorsomeunusualdelicacy;inFrancealwayssendflowersbeforevisitingahomefordinner,nsendchrysanthemums;they’reforfunerals.NarratorListentopartofalectureinabusinessclass.Nowgetreadytoanswerthequestions.Youmayuseyournotestohelpyouanswer.1．Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?．Differentcustomsandmannersaroundtheworld.．Howtodobusinesswithotherpeople.C．Theunbelievablechangesinthebusinessworld.．Adviceoncustomsandprotocolinmanycountries.正確答案：D?TheworldisbecomingsmallerandsmallerwiththedevelopmentofscienceandAreyougoingtoattendanacademicconferenceorareyougoingtodobusinesswithforeigners?Thefollowingpassagegivesadviceoncustomsandprotocolinavarietyofdifferent越小。你是否出席學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議或是與外圍人做生意?下面我講一講不同國(guó)家的風(fēng)俗和禮儀在許多國(guó)家有關(guān)風(fēng)俗和禮儀的建議，選項(xiàng)不同國(guó)家的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣泛泛而談，選項(xiàng)如何做生意)不是同一話(huà)題，而選項(xiàng)C(世界的變化不符合文章的內(nèi)容。2．Inthelecture,theprofessordescribescustomsandprotocolinavarietyofdifferentcountries.Indicatewhethereachofthefollowingiscustomsandprotocolinthecountries.Clickinthecorrectboxforeachphrase.正確答案：解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題，考查考生理解并記住講座中明確表述的細(xì)節(jié)或事實(shí)。節(jié)性的話(huà)語(yǔ)并作出判斷。解答本題的關(guān)鍵為第三至第八自然段的內(nèi)容。3．WhatistheprotocolinFranceconcerningcallingcards?．Atleast40callingcardsshouldbepreparedaday.．Academiccredentialshouldbelisted.C．OnesideofthecallingcardshouldbewritteninEnglish.．Visitorsshouldpresenttheircallingcardsimmediately.正確答案：B解析：本題仍為細(xì)節(jié)題。題目問(wèn)：關(guān)于名片(callingcards)法國(guó)的習(xí)慣做法是?ProtocolinFrancecallsforlistingacademiccredentialsoncallingcards(法國(guó)的習(xí)慣做法要求在名片上注明學(xué)歷選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)一天至少準(zhǔn)備40張名片、選項(xiàng)C(名片的一面必須用英語(yǔ)注明)和選項(xiàng)來(lái)訪(fǎng)者應(yīng)立即遞上名片均與法國(guó)的習(xí)慣做法無(wú)關(guān)，因此不予選擇。4．Accordingtotheprofessor,whatisthesignthatagoodworkingrelationshiphasbeenestablishedinScandinavia?．Theinvitationsbusinesspeoplereceivefromtheircolleagues.．Threecupsofteaorcoffeearepresentedinofficesandduringsocialcalls.C．Businesspeopleconnectwithtangiblesandcolleaguesexchangepresents.．Visitorsttakeflowersorotherunusualdelicacies.正確答案：A解析：本題還是細(xì)節(jié)題。題目問(wèn)：根據(jù)教授講座的內(nèi)容，在斯堪的納維亞建立良好工作關(guān)系的標(biāo)志是下列哪一選項(xiàng)?解答本題的關(guān)鍵在倒數(shù)第二段的句子中“InScandinaviaandFinlandbusinessguestsmaybeaskedtoshedtheirclothesandjointheirhostsinasaunaTheinvitationisasignthatagoodworkingrelationshiphasbeenestablished(項(xiàng)從商業(yè)伙伴那里接到邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谵k公室或社交性拜訪(fǎng)時(shí)呈上三杯茶或咖啡)是中東地區(qū)的禮節(jié)，選項(xiàng)C(商人總是帶著樣品)是西班牙的禮節(jié)，選項(xiàng)拜訪(fǎng)者無(wú)需獻(xiàn)花或帶美味佳肴本身的描述不正確。5．Inthefollowing,whatisimpliedbasedontheprofessorsdescription?．Guestsshouldsayenthusiasticgoodbyeswhenleavingeveningbusinessgatheringsearly.．Japaneseconsiderdeparturestobedisruptivewhenguestsleavebusinessgatheringsearly.C．Japaneseneverconsiderdeparturestobedisturbingtootherswhenguestsleavebusinessgatheringsearly.．GuestsarenotallowedtoleavewithoutgoodbyesbecauseJapaneseconsiderdeparturesdisruptivetoothers.正確答案：B解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)復(fù)聽(tīng)題，要求考生在一段話(huà)中歸納出重要信息。題目問(wèn)：根據(jù)教授的描述可以推測(cè)出下列哪一項(xiàng)?根據(jù)第七段的描述，我們了解到：在日一些離開(kāi)聚會(huì)，他們可以不說(shuō)再見(jiàn)就離開(kāi)，故得出正確答案為選項(xiàng)B，而選項(xiàng)客人要熱情地道別)、選項(xiàng)C(在日本，從來(lái)都不把商務(wù)晚宴巾正式的提前告辭視為對(duì)其他客人的打擾和選項(xiàng)不辭而別不禮貌，因?yàn)檫@被視為對(duì)其他客人的打擾均不符合文章內(nèi)容，因此不予選擇。6．Inthefollowing,whatisimpliedbasedontheprofessorsdescription?A．InDenmark,avisitorshouldnttakeanunusualdelicacyorflowerstobusinessassociates.．InDenmark,avisitorshouldbringcostlydelicaciestobusinessassociates.C．InFrance,guestssendflowersbeforevisits,especiallychrysanthemums.．InFrance,guestsshouldntsendchrysanthemumswhichareforfunerals.正確答案：D測(cè)出什么?教授談到在丹麥，被邀請(qǐng)到商業(yè)伙伴家做客的訪(fǎng)者應(yīng)該帶著鮮花或美味佳肴。在法國(guó)，要去做客前送上鮮花，但不能送菊花，因?yàn)榫栈ū徽J(rèn)為是參加行討論，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)在法國(guó)不能送菊花，因?yàn)榫栈ū徽J(rèn)為是參加葬禮時(shí)用的。選項(xiàng)、、C的描述均有誤，因此不予選擇。聽(tīng)力原文：NarratorListentopartofaconversationbetweenastudentandaprofessor.MaryHi,Professor.ProfessorHi,Mary.WhatcanIdoforyou?MaryUr...inclassyoutalkedabouttheadviceoncustomsandprotocolinmanycountries.IamstillpuzzledbythewaypeopledothingshereinAmerica.Um...forexample,whatshouldwesaytothebereaved?ProfessorYouneednottosaytoomanywords,besolemnandrespectfulmostofthetime.Ahugisallthatisneeded.MaryHowshouldonesitcorrectlyatthetable?ProfessorThebasicruleistobenatural,keepyourposturestraightandneverrestyourelbowsonthetablebeforeorduringdinner.MaryThen,howshouldwesetthetableifwehaveguests?ProfessorCenterpiecesshouldbelowsoasnottointerruptthelineofsightoftheguests.Thetableshouldbesetaccordingtothestyleoffoodyoureservingandthedegreeofformality.MaryWell,whatprecautionsshouldbekeptinmindwhenwepayasocialcall?ProfessorYoushouldbesensitivetotheroutinesofyourfriendssothatyourvisitdoesnotbecomeanimposition.MaryHowdowesaygood-bye?ProfessorWhenwesaygood-bye,bebriefandnatural.MaryWhyisitimportanttobepunctual?ProfessorThelackofpunctualityimpliesthatwedonothaveconsiderationforotherpeoplestimeanddisplaysselfishbehavior.Ifyouarrivelatetoadinner,itcanbeagreatinconvenienceforyourhost.MaryWhataretheusualpracticesforgivingandreceivingpresents?ProfessorGivingapresentisasignofaffection,gratitude,orfriendship.Thepresentshouldbeuniqueyetappropriateandshouldfallwithinyourfinancialmeans.Adistinctionshouldbemadebetweenthegiftswegivetofriendsandthosewegivetoprofessionalcolleagues.MaryHowdoyouconverseproperly?ProfessorWhentalkingtosomeone,youshouldlookathimorherstraightintheeyes.Speakinalanguagethatwillbeunderstoodbyeveryonepresent.Remember:agoodconversationalistisonethatmakesthosearoundhimfeelcomfortableandeagertoengageinconversation.Mary[Leaving]Oh,IthinkImclearonthatnow.Thankyou.Bye!ProfessorMypleasure!Bye!Nowgetreadytoanswerthequestions.Youmayuseyournotestohelpyouanswer.7.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?8.Whyisitimportanttobepunctual?9.Whatshouldbeimpliedwhenpeoplegiveandreceivepresents?10.Whichofthefollowingistheappropriatewaytoconverseproperly?11.WhichisNOTtheproperwaytosetatablebasedontheprofessorstalk?ProfessorCenterpiecesshouldbelowsoasnottointerruptthelineofsightoftheguest.Thetableshouldbesetaccordingtothestyleoffoodyoureservingandthedegreeofformality.NarratorListentopartofaconversationbetweenastudentandaprofessor.Nowgetreadytoanswerthequestions.Youmayuseyournotestohelpyouanswer.7．Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?．Goodmanners.．Properbehaviour.C．Moralvalues.．Necessaryactions.正確答案：A納總結(jié)出對(duì)話(huà)的要點(diǎn)。分析學(xué)生Mary所提的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題，可以斷定此對(duì)話(huà)是教授幾個(gè)問(wèn)題，所以正確答案應(yīng)為選項(xiàng)得體的言談舉止。選項(xiàng)B(適當(dāng)?shù)男袨?、C(道德觀(guān)念、必要的行動(dòng)都不是該對(duì)話(huà)所討論的話(huà)題。8．Whyisitimportanttobepunctual?．Guestscanhelpthehostserveotherguests.．Theearlierguestsarrive,themorefoodguestscaneat.C．Arrivinglateisaninconvenienceforyourhost.．Punctualityisconsideredasaqualityofonespersonality.正確答案：C?ThelackofpunetualityimpliesthatwedonothaveconsiderationforotherpeoplestimeanddisplaysselfishbehaviorIfyouarrivelatetoadinneritcanbeagreatinconvenienceforyourhost(不不便C(不守時(shí)會(huì)造成主人的不便為正確答案。選項(xiàng)如果客、選項(xiàng)B(來(lái)得越早，吃的食物越多和選項(xiàng)守時(shí)被認(rèn)為是人的一種品質(zhì)文章中均未提及，因此不予選擇。9．Whatshouldbeimpliedwhenpeoplegiveandreceivepresents?．Cheappresentsshouldbegiventotheinferiorsandhigher-pricedtothesuperiors．Presentsareasignofaffectionorfriendshipandshouldbeappropriate.C．Presentstofriendsshouldbethesameasthosetocolleagues.．Themorecostlythepresentsare,themorerespectguestsreceive.正確答案：B?Givingapresentisasignofaffection，gratitude，orfriendship．ThepresentshouldbeuniqueyetappropriateandshouldfallwithinyourfinancialmeansAdistinctionshouldbemadebetweenthegiftswegivetofriendsandthosewegivetoprofessionalcolleagues(送人禮物是為了表達(dá)感情、謝意或表示友同事的禮物要有所不同送人禮物是為了表達(dá)感情、謝意或表示友好。選項(xiàng)價(jià)格低廉的禮物要送給下屬，而價(jià)格昂貴的要送給上級(jí)、選項(xiàng)C(送給朋友的禮物和送給同事的禮物要一樣和選項(xiàng)禮物越貴越表達(dá)敬意均不符合文章內(nèi)容，因此不予選擇。10．Whichofthefollowingistheappropriatewaytoconverseproperly?．Neverlookatthespeakerstraightintheeyesforfearofbeingimpolite.．Itiseasiertoconverseinsimple,appropriatelanguage.C．Trytousecomplexwordstoshowslanguageproficiency.．Trysbesttoshowoffintheconversation.正確答案：B解析：本題仍為細(xì)節(jié)題。題目問(wèn)：下列哪一選項(xiàng)是正確的交談方式?根據(jù)“WhentalkingtosomeoneyoushouldlookathimorherstraightintheSpeakinalanguagethatwillbeunderstoodbyeveryonepresent．Remember：agoodconversationalistisonethatmakesthosearoundhimfeelcomfortableandeagertoengageinconversation(在和他人交談時(shí)，要看著對(duì)方的眼睛。講話(huà)要讓所有在場(chǎng)的人聽(tīng)懂。記?。簳?huì)講話(huà)的人往往能讓周?chē)娜烁械绞娣以敢馀c之交談)可知，選項(xiàng)為正確答案。選項(xiàng)為表示禮貌，不要看著別人的眼睛)、選項(xiàng)C(用詞越深?yuàn)W，就越表示你精通語(yǔ)言)和選項(xiàng)在眾人面前極力表現(xiàn)自我均不符合文章內(nèi)容，因此不能選擇。．WhichisNOTtheproperwaytosetatablebasedontheprofessorstalk?．Centerpiecesshouldbelowsoasnottointerrupttheguests.．Thetableshouldbesetatthehostess’will.C．Settingthetable,thehostessshouldalwaysthinkofherguests.．Thetableshouldbesetaccordingtothefoodstyle.正確答案：B解析：本題為復(fù)聽(tīng)題，要求考生復(fù)聽(tīng)一段較難理解的講話(huà)，然后回答問(wèn)題。?CenterpiecesshouldbelowSOasnottointerruptthelineofsightoftheguest．Thetableshouldbesetaccordingtothestyleoffoodyou’reservingandthedegreeofformality(主菜應(yīng)擺得低一些以免擋住客人的視線(xiàn)。桌子的擺放應(yīng)根據(jù)食物的風(fēng)格和招待的規(guī)格而定)，選項(xiàng)主菜應(yīng)擺得低一些以免擋住客人的視線(xiàn)菜應(yīng)該按女主人的意愿來(lái)擺)C(女主人布菜時(shí)應(yīng)時(shí)時(shí)想著客人應(yīng)按照菜品風(fēng)格布菜正確。故選B項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)力原文：NarratorListentopartofatalkinamassmediaclass.ProfessorThenewsmediaintheU.S.consistsofradio,television,magazines,andnewspaperswhicharepervasiveinthelivesofmanyAmericansandinfluentialintheirdailyroutines.ManyAmericansbegintheirdayreadingthenewspaperorwatchingamorningnewsprogramontelevisionwhiledrinkingtheircoffee.Whiledrivingtowork,thenewscanbeheardonthecarradio.Throughoutthedaythenewsisaprimefeatureonthetelevisionwithuptotwohoursofnewsintheearlyeveningandmorenewslateatnight.Forthosewhopreferreading,theeveningnewspaperoffersthereaderthepossibilityofreadingthenewsothersseeandhearontelevision.ThenewsmediaintheU.S.arefreeofgovernmentcontrol.Itisuptothegeneralpublictochoosewhattoread,watchorlistento.Therefore,themediamusthavesensitivitytotheinterestsofthepublic...thereforenewsisabigbusiness.However,itisaverycompetitivebusiness,aseachstationoreachpapercompetesforaudiencesandreaders.EachtriestopresenttothenewsAmericanswanttoknow.Whenanitembecomesnewsworthy,suchasanelectionorawar,Americanswillbecomefamiliarwiththemostminutedetailsasthenewsmediascramblestoprovideasmuchinformationaspossible.Theresultthoughisthatthenewsoftenbecomesrepetitive.Asthenewsmediareportsthesamenewsitemsthoughttobethemostinterestingandimpressive,listeners,viewersorreadersmightfinditdifficulttobeselective.Nevertheless,mostAmericanswillnotcriticizetheirnewsmediatooharshly.ThecredibilityofthenewsmediaisgenerallyacknowledgedandacceptedbytheAmericanpublic,althoughsomepeoplearemoreskeptical.Oneofthethree(ABC,NBC,andCBS)majorcommercialnetworks,CBSwasorganizedin1928whenitsfounder,WilliamPaley,acquiredownershipofagroupofradiostations.AstheColumbiaBroadcastingSystemexpandeditsoperations,soonbecomingthelargestradionetworkintheUnitedStates,itrecognizedthepotentialintherapidlyevolvingtelevisionbroadcastingtechnology.OnJuly13,1931,itbeganexperimentaltelevisionbroadcastinginNewYork,andthentenyearslaterbeganregularblack-and-whiteweeklybroadcastsoveritsWCBW-TVstationinthesamecity,whichbecameWCBS-TVinNovember1946.WithTelevisionCityinHollywood,CBSlaunchedtheindustrysfirstfull-scaleproductionstudio.Today,CBSownstelevisionstations,radiostations,andhome-videoproductionanddistributioninterests.TheCBSBroadcastingGroupiscomposedofsixdivisions:networktelevision,entertainment,sports,news,localtelevisionstations,andradio.Formostofcommercialtelevisionhistory,CBShasbeenthenetworkleaderinprime-timeratings,havingthehighest-ratedshowsinalmosteveryyearfromthemid-1950sthroughthemid-1980s;howeverrecentlyCBSlostitstoppositiontoNBC.CBShastraditionallybeenstrongintheTVnewsarea.ThenetworkbeganthefirstregularTVnewsprogramin1948withDouglasEdwardsasanchor.JournalismlegendssuchasEdwardR.MurrowandWalterCronkitehavegivenCBSitsreputationasqualitynewsbroadcaster.ProfessorWelldoanyofyouknowajournalistworkinginCBS?Ok,uh,myfriendTomisapopularjournalist.StudentAYes,Iknowhim.Ireallyenjoyedthepieceshehadinthepaper.Thatwasgoodjournalism.ProfessorWell,youknow,itsalwaysnicetogetapatonthebackonceinawhilefortheirhardwork.StudentATheydeserveit.Icantsaythatforalljournalists,however.ProfessorImsorrytoadmitthatmanyreportersaregivingtheprofessionabadname.StudentBThereisadesireonthepartofmanypaperstogoforthesensational.’realwayslookingfortheheadlinesthatwillattractthereaders’attention.ProfessorAndreportersliketohavetheirstorybetheonethatisnoticed.mgladyouappreciatedmineevenifitwasntsensational.StudentAYoureright.Itwasntsensational,butitwassomegoodinvestigativereportingonasubjectthatisofinteresttoeveryone.ProfessorItseemslikebadthingspeopledogetalotmoreattentionthanthegoodthingstheydo.StudentBIhavebeenthinkingaboutanotheraspectofjournalism.Doyouthinkreportersshouldexpresstheiropinions?ProfessorThatsa“biggie.soneofthebigquestionsintheprofession.Manypeoplethinkthatareportershouldjustgivethefactsandnothingmore.Ithink,however,itisalmostimpossibletoreportonanissuewithoutslantingittowardyourpersonalbeliefs,especiallyifyouhavestrongfeelings.Iguessitsagoodthingthatnotallnewspapersareprintedfromthesamepointofview.Nowgetreadytoanswerthequestions.Youmayuseyournotestohelpyouanswer.12.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?13.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonswhythemediahastohavesensitivitytotheinterestsofthepublic?14.WhatisNOToneofthewaysinwhichpeoplegettheirnews?15.Accordingtotheprofessor,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutCBS?16.Whydoesjournalismsometimesincludepersonalopinions?17.Whydoestheprofessorsaythis?ProfessorImsorrytoadmitthatmanyreportersaregivingtheprofessionabadname.NarratorListentopartofatalkinamassmediaclass.Nowgetreadytoanswerthequestions.Youmayuseyournotestohelpyouanswer.12．Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?．ThedevelopmentofthenewsmediaintheU.S.．Theprosandconsofjournalism.C．ThedevelopmentofColumbiaBroadcastingSystem.．ThefeaturesofthenewsmediaintheU.S.正確答案：D匯、詞組或事實(shí)，并通過(guò)綜合分析來(lái)確定聽(tīng)力材料的要點(diǎn)。題目問(wèn)：該講座談?wù)摰闹饕?huà)題是什么?選項(xiàng)美國(guó)大眾傳媒的發(fā)展、選項(xiàng)B(新聞業(yè)的利弊和選項(xiàng)C(哥倫比亞廣播公司的發(fā)展哥倫比亞廣播公司的發(fā)展只是一個(gè)例子，故選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。13．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhythemediahastohavesensitivitytotheinterestsofthepublic?．Thenewsmediaarefreeofgovernmentcontrol.．EachtriestopresentthenewsAmericanswanttoknow.C．Eachstationorpapercompetesforaudiencesandreaders.．Itistherequirementofthegovernment.正確答案：D關(guān)系等。題目問(wèn)：下列哪一選項(xiàng)不是媒體要對(duì)公眾的興趣保持敏感的原因?根據(jù)ThenewsmediaintheSarefreeofgovernmentcontrol(在美國(guó)，新聞媒體不受政府控制itisaverycomoetitivebusinessaseachstationoreachpapercompetesforaudiencesandreaders(媒體行業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)非常激烈，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)電臺(tái)、電視臺(tái)或每家報(bào)紙都在搶觀(guān)眾或讀者EachtriestopresenttothenewsAmericanswanttoknow(每個(gè)媒體單位都設(shè)法向美國(guó)人報(bào)道他們最想知道的新聞D(是政府的要求在文章中未提及，因此選。選項(xiàng)新聞媒體不受政府控制)、選項(xiàng)B(媒體要向美國(guó)人報(bào)道他們最想知道的新聞)和選項(xiàng)C(每個(gè)電臺(tái)、電視臺(tái)或每家報(bào)紙都在搶觀(guān)眾或讀者均為文章所提到的內(nèi)容。14．WhatisNOToneofthewaysinwhichpeoplegettheirnews?．Readersgettheirnewsbyreadingeveningnewspapers.．ManyAmericansreadtheirdailynewspaperwhiledrinkingcoffee.C．Whiledrivingtowork,peoplehaveaglanceattheirnewspaper.．ManyAmericanswatchtheirmorningnewsprogramontelevision.正確答案：C題目問(wèn)：下列哪一選項(xiàng)不是人們獲取新聞的方式?文章的第一段告訴我們：新聞只有選項(xiàng)C(在去工作的駕駛途中，人們?yōu)g覽一下報(bào)紙是沒(méi)有提到的，故選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。選項(xiàng)、、D都是材料中提到了的。15．Accordingtotheprofessor,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutCBS?CBS,oneofthethree(ABC,NBC,andCBS)majorcommercialnetworks,wasorganizedin1928.．ColumbiaBroadcastingSystembecamethelargestradionetworkintheUnitedStates.C．CBSbeganexperimentaltelevisionbroadcastinginNewYorkonJuly13,1946.．CBSbeganregularblack-and-whiteweeklybroadcastsoveritsWCBW-TVstationinNewYork.正確答案：C力。題目問(wèn)：關(guān)于CBS?OnJuly131931itbeganexperimentaltelevisionbroadcastinginNewYork(1931年7月13日，CBS在紐約開(kāi)始其試驗(yàn)性的電視播放C(1946年7月13日，CBS在紐約開(kāi)始其試驗(yàn)性的電視播放，因?yàn)檫x項(xiàng)C年代有錯(cuò)，不符合文章內(nèi)容。16．Whydoesjournalismsometimesincludepersonalopinions?．Becauseitisalmostimpossiblenottodoso.．Becausethereporterhasstrongfeelingstoexpress.C．Becausethereporterwantstogetagoodreputation.．Becausethereporterwantstomisleadthepublic.正確答案：A解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題目問(wèn)：為什么報(bào)刊雜志總還包含個(gè)人意見(jiàn)?聽(tīng)力材料的最后一段說(shuō)“Ithink，，itisalmostimpossibletoreportonanissuewithoutslantingittowardyourpersonalbeliefs(件事是幾乎不可能的因?yàn)椴贿@樣做是不可能的。17．Whydoestheprofessorsaythis?．Reportersareeagertogetfamous.．Reportersarecontrolledbythegovernment.C．Reportersintendtoattractreadersattention.．Reporterswanttoshowoff.正確答案：C毀壞了這個(gè)職業(yè)的名聲?在這一段話(huà)中教授承認(rèn)一些新聞工毀壞了這個(gè)職業(yè)的名聲，這是因?yàn)椤癝omereportersappealtosensationalism(有些新聞工追求轟動(dòng)效應(yīng)C。選項(xiàng)有些新聞工想要成名、選項(xiàng)新聞工受政府控制和選項(xiàng)新聞工為了表現(xiàn)自己均不符合文章內(nèi)容。聽(tīng)力原文：NarratorListentopartofalectureinanarchitectureclass.ProfessorSeventeenthcenturyhousesincolonialNorthAmericaweresimplestructuresthatwereprimarilyfunctional,carryingovertraditionaldesignsthatwentbacktotheMiddleAges.Duringthefirsthalfoftheeighteenthcentury,however,housesbegantoshowanewelegance.Aswealthincreased,moreandmorecolonistsbuiltfinehouses.Sincearchitecturewasnotyetaspecializedprofessioninthecolonies,thedesignofbuildingswaslefteithertoamateurdesignersortocarpenterswhoattemptedtointerpretarchitecturalmanualsimportedfromEngland.Inventoriesofcoloniallibrariesshowanastonishingnumberofthesehandbooksforbuilders,andthehouseserectedduringtheeighteenthcenturyshowtheirinfluence.Nevertheless,mostdomesticarchitectureofthefirstthree-quartersoftheeighteenthcenturydisplaysawidedivergenceoftasteandfreedomofapplication.Increasingwealthandgrowingsophisticationthroughoutthecoloniesresultedinhousesofimproveddesignnomatterwhetherthematerialwaswood,stone,orbrick.NewEnglandstillfavoredwood,thoughbrickhousesbecamecommoninBostonandothertowns,wherethedangeroffiregaveanimpetustotheuseofmoredurablematerial.AfewhousesinNewEnglandwerebuiltofstone,butonlyinPennsylvaniaandadjacentareaswerestonewidelyusedindwellings.AnincreaseduseofbrickinhousesandoutbuildingsisnoticeableinVirginiaandMaryland,butwoodremainedthemostpopularmaterialeveninhousesbuiltbywealthylandowners.IntheCarolinas,evenincloselypackedCharleston,Woodenhousesweremuchmorecommonthanbrickhouses.Eighteenthcenturyhousesshowedgreatinteriorimprovementsovertheirpredecessors.Windowsweremadelargerandshuttersremoved.Large,clearpanesreplacedthesmallleadedglassoftheseventeenthcentury.Doorwayswerelargerandmoredecorative.Fireplacesbecamedecorativefeaturesofrooms.Wallsweremadeofplasterorwood,sometimeselaboratelypaneled.Whitepaintbegantotaketheplaceofblues,yellows,andgreensandleadcolors,whichhadbeenpopularforwallsintheearlieryears.Afterabout1730,advertisementsforwallpaperstylesinscenicpatternsbegantoappearincolonialnewspapers.Nowgetreadytoanswerthequestions.Youmayuseyournotestohelpyouanswer.18.Whatstructureswereadoptedinseventeenthcenturycolonies?19.Whendidhousesbegintoshowanewelegance?20.Whowerethedesignersofthebuildingssincearchitecturewasnotyetaspecializedprofessioninthecolonies?Listenagaintopartofthelecture,thenanswerthequestion.ProfessorIncreasingwealthandgrowingsophisticationthroughoutthecoloniesresultedinhousesofimproveddesignnomatterwhetherthematerialwaswood,stone,orbrick.NewEnglandstillfavoredwood,thoughbrickhousesbecamecommoninBostonandothertowns,wherethedangeroffiregaveanimpetustotheuseofmoredurablematerial.21.Whatdoestheprofessorimply?22.Accordingtotheprofessor,whichisNOTaninteriordesignimprovementforeighteenthcenturyhouses?23.Theinfluencedemonstratedbythehousesduringtheeighteenthcenturywasmainlyfromimportedarchitecturalmanuals.Wherewerethesemanualsimportedfrom?NarratorListentopartofalectureinanarchitectureclass.Nowgetreadytoanswerthequestions.Youmayuseyournotestohelpyouanswer.18．Whatstructureswereadoptedinseventeenthcenturycolonies?．Simplehousesthatwereprimarilyfunctional.．Housesthatweremadeofwood,stone,orbrick.C．HouseswithtraditionaldesignsfromtheOldAges.．Largerwindowswithoutshutters.正確答案：A題目問(wèn)：在17世紀(jì)，殖民地的建筑選用什么樣的結(jié)構(gòu)?教授在文章開(kāi)頭提到“SeventeenthcenturyhousesincolonialNorthAmericaweresimplestructuresthatwereprimarilvfunctional，carryingovertraditionaldesignsthatwebtbacktotheMiddle在17世紀(jì)，北美殖民地的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，主要是實(shí)用性強(qiáng)，并沿襲傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)，這種設(shè)計(jì)可追溯到中世紀(jì))那時(shí)的建筑主要是實(shí)用性強(qiáng)。其他選項(xiàng)或不具概括或不符合文章內(nèi)容，因此不予選擇。19．Whendidhousesbegintoshowanewelegance?．Duringthelatterhalfoftheeighteenthcentury.．Duringthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcentury.C．Duringthelatterhalfofthenineteenthcentury.．Duringthefirsthalfoftheeighteenthcentury.正確答案：D解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題目問(wèn)：從什么時(shí)候起房屋開(kāi)始體現(xiàn)出高雅的風(fēng)格?根據(jù)短文第一段第二句“Duringthefirsthalfoftheeighteenth，，housesbegantoshowanewAswealthincreasedmoreandmorecolonistsbuiltfinehouses(在18世紀(jì)前半葉，房屋開(kāi)始體現(xiàn)出高雅的風(fēng)格。隨著人們生活D為正確答案，其他選項(xiàng)均不符合文章內(nèi)容，因此不予選擇。20．Whowerethedesignersofthebuildingssincearchitecturewasnotyetaspecializedprofessioninthecolonies?．Amateurdesignersandcarpenters.．Architectureprofessors.C．Architectsanddesigners.．Buildingcompanies.正確答案：A?根據(jù)聽(tīng)力材料的第二段第一句“Sincearchitecturewasnotyetaspecializedprofessioninthecolonies，thedesignofbuildingswaslefteithertoamateurdesignersortocarpenterswhoattemptedtointerpretarchitecturalmanualsimportedfromEngland(在殖民時(shí)期既然建筑不被認(rèn)為是一項(xiàng)專(zhuān)業(yè)技能，筑手冊(cè)業(yè)余設(shè)計(jì)師和木匠為正確答案，其他選項(xiàng)均不符合文章內(nèi)容，因此不予選擇。21．Whatdoestheprofessorimply?．Designwasimprovedwithwealthandsophistication.．HousesofNewEnglandstillfavoredwoodinitsdesign.C．Bostontooktheleadtousedurablematerialinitsdesign.．HousesofMarylandstillfavoredwoodinitsdesign.正確答案：B解析：本題為推論復(fù)聽(tīng)題，要求考生根據(jù)教授的一段講話(huà)作出正確的推論。題目問(wèn)：教授說(shuō)下一段話(huà)是什么意思?教授在第三段開(kāi)頭指出“Increasingwealthandgrowingsophisticationthroughoutthecoloniesresultedinhousesofimproved