《Lesson16UnitReview》課文講解和練習(xí)

lesson16unitreview語法專項(xiàng)講解語法專講現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本概念和用法：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由have（has）＋動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞的構(gòu)成與動(dòng)詞過去式相同，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞各不相同，需個(gè)別記憶。（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，常與just（剛剛），already（已經(jīng)），ever（曾經(jīng)），never（從來），yet（尚，還）等表示時(shí)間的副詞搭配使用。Haveyoueverseenthefilm?你看過這部電影嗎？Shehasalreadyboughtalotofthings.她已經(jīng)買了許多東西。（2）表示一個(gè)從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能持續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作，常與表示段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用，這樣的時(shí)間常用since或for來構(gòu)成。since后面加時(shí)間點(diǎn)或從句（從句的時(shí)態(tài)常用一般過去時(shí)）for后加時(shí)間段：Hehasworkedherefor15years.他在這里工作了 15年了。IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIcamehere.自從我來這里，一直在學(xué)英語?？隙ㄊ剑穸ㄊ?，疑問式如下：（We,You,They）havereadit.He（She）hasreadit.（We,You,They）havenotreadit.He（She）hasnotreadit.HaveI （we,you,they ）readit?Hashe （she）readit?（3）某些非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞即動(dòng)作開始便終止的動(dòng)詞，在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語搭配。例如下面這些動(dòng)詞屬于非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，并非不能用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而是不能接由

for

或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語。die, arrive, join, leave, go,finish,buy,comelend,borrow,marry, 例如：Hehascomeherefortwohours. （×）他來了兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。Hehasbeenherefortwohours.（4）have（has）goneto表示去了某地但還沒有回來。 havehas）beento表示去過某地并且已經(jīng)回來。HehasgonetoShanghai.他到上海去了。HehasbeentoShanghai.他去過上?！，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，所以它不能和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。而一般過去時(shí)只單純表示過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和目前情況無關(guān)，它可以和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語，如 yesterday,lastyear,justnow 等連用。試比較：Itsnowedheavilyyesterday.昨天雪下得很大。Ithassnowedforthreedays.已經(jīng)下了三天雪了?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)針對(duì)練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)過關(guān) 課堂鞏固，基礎(chǔ)闖關(guān)一、 單項(xiàng)選擇。()1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey_________what'shappenedtohim.A.knewB.haveknownC.mustknowD.willknow()2、Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?A.alreadyB.neverC.everD.still()3、HaveyoumetMr.Li______？A.justB.agoC.beforeD.amomentago()4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.A.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.haswritten()5、—Ourcountry______alotsofar.—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.A.has changed;well B. changed;goodC.has changed;better D. changed;better( )6、ZhaoLan______already ______inthis schoolfortwoyears.A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studying()7.We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.A.knowB.hadknownC.haveknownD.knew()8、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.A.willseeB.haveseenC.sawD.see()9.—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.—Really?When_____there?A.willtheygoB.didtheygoC.dotheygoD.havetheygone()10.—______you___yourhomeworkyet?—Yes.I_____itamomentago.A.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;havefinishedwill;do;finish拓展提高 課后拓展，提升能力Ⅰ.（中考高頻題）單項(xiàng)選擇()1.(2005年重慶)Nowadayssciencefictionisn’tas____________ascartoonsamongteenagers.A.popularB.morepopularC.lesspopularD.themostpopular()2.（2006年福州）WearegladtoseethatShanghaiisdeveloping________theseyearsthaneverbefore.A.quickly B.lessquicklymorequicklyD.themostquicklyII.（創(chuàng)新題）句型轉(zhuǎn)換填空。1、Hehasneversurfed, _____________?（改成反意疑問句）2、Theyhavebeenheresince2000. (對(duì)劃線部分提問)________________havetheybeenhere?3、Theoldman_________lastyear.He____________forayear.(die)（動(dòng)詞填空）4、Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Thisfactory__________________fortwentyyears.5、MissGaoleftanhourago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)MissGao_______________________________anhourago.6、HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.（同義句）Hermother____thePartythreeyears__.7、TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)_______twoyears________theGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.8、Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.(把兩個(gè)句子合并成一個(gè)句子 )__________________________________________（興趣題）選詞填空。請(qǐng)從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語完成這封信。Writing,talking,sitting,playing,swimming,flying,sunny,studying,drawing,havingDearBob,MynameisRich.I’mfourteenyearsold.I’m(1)__________inamiddleschool.Myschoolisniceandclean.Thereare30studentsinmyclass.It’s(2)_______today.MyclassmatesandIare(3)________agoodtimeonthebeach.It’saniceplace.Thewaterisblueandclear.Manybirdsare(4)________overthesea.Manypeopleare(5)_________.Someboysare(6)_________football.Somepeopleare(7)________onthebeach.Agirlis(8)_________picturesonachair.Anothergirlis(9)________photos.I’m(10)_________toyou!Whatareyoudoing?Ihopeyoucanwritetomesoon.Bestwishes!Rich1____2______3_______4________5_______6_____7______8_______9_______10_______IV.（綜合題）WeareallbusytalkingaboutandusingtheInternet,buthowmanyofusknowthehistoryoftheInternet?ManypeoplearesurprisedwhentheyfindthattheInternetwassetupinthe1960s.Atthattime,computerswerelargeandexpensive.Computernetworks(網(wǎng)絡(luò))didn'tworkwell.Ifonecomputerinthenetworksbrokedown,thenthewholenetworkstopped.Soanewnetworksystem(系統(tǒng))hadtobesetup.Itshouldbegoodenoughtobeusedbymanydifferentcomputers.Ifpartofthenetworkwasnotworking,information(信息)couldbesentthroughanotherpart.Inthiswaycomputernetworksystemwouldkeeponworkingallthetime.Atfirst,theInternetwasonlyusedbythegoverment(政府),but,intheearly1970s,university(大學(xué)),hospitalsandbankswereallowed()touseittoo.Howerver,computerswerestillexpensiveandtheInternetwasdifficulttobecomecheaperandeasiertouse.Scientistshadalsodevelopedsoftware(軟件)thatmade"Surfing"(瀏覽）theInternetmoreconvenient(方便).Todayitiseasytoget-on-lineanditissaidthatmillionsofpeopleusetheinterneteveryday.Sendinge-mailismoreandmorepopularamongstudents.TheInternethasnowbecomeoneofthemostimportantpartsofpeople'slife.（）1.TheInternethasahistoryof______years.A.about40B.lessthan30C.morethan45D.nearly35（）2.Scientistssetupanewnetworksystemto_______.A.makethecomputercheaper.B.usethecomputerwidelyC.makethecomputergowellD.developnewsoftwares（）3.TheInternetwaswidelyusedinthe______.A.1960sB.1970sC.1980sD.1990s（）4.Theunderlinedwords

"get-on-line"

in

Chinesemeans"________"A.上機(jī)B.上網(wǎng)C.接線D.買電腦（）5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTture?A.Inthe1960scomputernetworkssystemwentwrongeasily.B.Computersaremuchcheaperthanbefore.C.TodaytheInternetisusedeverywhere.D.Peoplehadenoughsoftwarestogeton-linefifteenyearsago激活潛能圍繞主題，實(shí)戰(zhàn)應(yīng)用V.（開放題）漢譯英。1、他昨天收到一封信。He_______aletter_______.2、我父親以前到過長城。Myfather____________totheGreatWall.3、她還沒有看過那部新電影。She_____________thisnewmovieyet.4、她去過上海嗎。_____She______toShangHai?5、他這些天上哪兒去了？Where_____he_______inthesedays?VI.探究題單項(xiàng)選擇()1.MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.she_______tothelibrary.A.hasgoneB.wentC.willgoD.hasbeen()2.Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.A.havebeeninB.havebeentoC.havegonetoD.havebeen()3.Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,_____?A.