名校高考英語閱讀理解精讀The

名校高考英語閱讀理解精讀TheFormanyyears,schoolchildrenintheUShavebeentakenon“fieldtrips“toculturalinstitutionssuchasmuseumsofart.Educatorsarrangetheminthebeliefthatschoolsexistnotonlytoteacheconomicallyusefulskillszbutalsotoproducecivilizedyoungpeoplewhoappreciateartandculture.Whilethereareparentswhowilltaketheirchildrentoculturalplacesintheirfreetimezthereareplentyofotherchildrenwhowillneverhavethiskindofopportunityunlessschoolsofferit.Soyoucouldsaythattakingschoolstudentsonfieldtripsisameansofgivingeveryoneequalaccesstotheirculturalheritage.However,theattitudetowardsfieldtripsinrecentyearsischanging,withthenumberoftoursorganizedforschoolgroupsfallingsignificantlyinmuseumsallaroundthecountry.Themostobviousreasonistheissueoffinance.Becausethereareincreasingdemandsontheirfunds,afterall,computersandsportsfacilitiesaren7tcheap,schoolsareforcedtomakeadifficultchoiceabouthowtospendthelimitedmoneytheyhave.Facedwiththisdilemma,fieldtripsareanobviousthingtocutsincetheyareseenbymanyasaluxury.Additionally,thenatureofthesefielddaysisalsochanging.SchoolsincreasinglyusetripstoamusementparksorsportingeventsasatreatforstudentsratherthananopportunityforculturallearningJhisshiftcouldhaveabasisingenerationaldifferencesbetweenteachers'reasonsfororganizingdaysoutofschool.Arecentsurveyconductedamong500Arkansasteachersshowedthatolderteachersweresignificantlymorelikelytotaketheprimarypurposeofafieldtripasalearningexperiencethanyoungerteachers,whoviewitasfun.Someevidenceshowsthetrendoffewertripsmayhaveanegativeeffectonchildren7sdevelopment.ResearchledbyJayGreeneatUniversityofArkansasfoundthatstudentswhoreceivedatourofanartmuseumgreatlyimprovedtheirknowledgeofartandtheabilitytothinkcriticallyaboutart.Theyalsodisplayedstrongerhistoricalinterestandweremorelikelytovisitculturalplacesinthefuture.Theresearcherswarnthatifschoolscutfieldtripsorswitchtolesseducationaldestinations,valuableopportunitiestobroadenandenrichchildren,slearningexperiencesarelost.8.Whatistheinitialpurposeoffieldtripstoculturalinstitutions?A.Toteachstudentsusefulskillsineconomics.B.Tomakeeverystudentexposedtoartandculture.C.Toeducatestudentstopreserveculturalheritage.D.Toencourageparentstotaketheirchildrenthere..Whichfactormostprobablyleadstothetrendoffewerfieldtrips?A.Thedropinschoolfunds.B.Students'demandforfun.C.Thedilemmaofschoolfinance.D.Teachers7generationaldifferences..Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"Thisshift“inParagraph3referto?A.Theswitchfromoldgenerationstoyounggenerations.B.Theswitchfromsportingeventstoculturalexperiences.C.Thechangefromanopportunitytolearntoatreattoentertain.D.Thechangefromeducationaldestinationstoluxuriousattractions..WhatcanbeinferredaboutfieldtripsfromtheresearchbyJayGreene?A.Studentsarerewardedwithmoreculturalawareness.B.Amusementparksenrichchildren,slearningexperiences.C?Cuttingfieldtripsiscriticaltothefutureofthemuseum.D.Fieldtripsguaranteebetterfutureacademicperformance.Thetimeapersonspendsondifferentsmartphoneappsisenoughtoidentifythemfromalargergroupinmorethanoneinthreecases,sayresearchers.Researchersanalyzedsmartphonedatafrom780people.Theyfed4,680daysofappusagedataintostatisticalmodels.Eachofthesedayswaspairedwithoneofthe780userssothatthemodelslearnedpeople7sdailyappusepatterns.Theresearchersthentestedwhethermodelscouldidentifyanindividualwhenprovidedwithonlyasingledayofsmartphoneactivitythatwasanonymous（匿名的）.Themodels,whichweretrainedononlysixdaysofappusagedataperperson,couldidentifythecorrectpersonfromadayofanonymousdataonethirdofthetime.Thatmightnotsoundlikemuch,butwhenthemodelspredictwhothedatabelongedto,itcouldalsoprovidealistofthemosttotheleastlikelycandidates.ltwaspossibletoviewthetop10mostlikelyindividualsthataspecificdayofdatabelongedto.Around75%ofthetime,thecorrectuserwouldbeamongthetop10mostlikelycandidates.Inpracticalterms,alawenforcement（執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)）investigationseekingtoidentifyacriminaTsnewphonewiththesemodelscouldreduceacandidatepoolofapproximately1,000phonesto10phones,witha25%riskofmissingthem.Consequently,theresearcherswarnthatsoftwaregivenaccesstoasmartphone7sstandardactivityloggingcouldmakeareasonablepredictionaboutauser'sidentityevenwhentheywerelogged-outoftheiraccount.Anidentificationispossiblewithoutmonitoringconversationsorbehaviorswithinappsthemselves.Therefore,itisimportanttoacknowledgethatappusagedataalone,whichisoftencollectedbyasmartphoneautomatically,canpotentiallyrevealaperson7sidentity.Whileprovidingnewopportunitiesforlawenforcement,italsoposesriskstoprivacyifthistypeofdataismisused..Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainaphenomenon.B.Toconfirmanassumption.C.Toshowaresearchprocess.D.Topresentaresearchfinding..Howdidtheresearchersreachtheirconclusion?A.Byrecordingappusetime.B?Bystudyingappusagedata.C.Bycomparingdifferentapps.D.Bychangingappusepatte