高三英語復(fù)習(xí)教案動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)

高三英語復(fù)習(xí)教課方案動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)高三英語復(fù)習(xí)教課方案動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)高三英語復(fù)習(xí)教課方案動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)高考英語語法專題高考英語語法專題動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)補(bǔ)充內(nèi)容一.動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法1）客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.注意：此用法若是出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即便主句是過去時(shí)，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Columbusprovedthattheearthisround.2）表示格言或警語。Pridegoesbeforeafall.驕者必?cái)?。Practicemakesperfect.勤能補(bǔ)拙。3）現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個(gè)性。]Idon'twantsomuch.AnnwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.4）在here,there開頭的句子里表示現(xiàn)在剎時(shí)的動(dòng)作。Herecomesthebus.Theregoesthebell.5）用于新聞標(biāo)題、體育講解詞、舞臺(tái)指導(dǎo)、說明等。Chinadeclaresmannedspaceflightsuccessful.Now,look,Ipressthebuttonandturnonthemachine.]一般過去時(shí)的用法1）在一些虛假語氣中的運(yùn)用。Itistimeyouwenttobed.I'dratheryoucametomorrow.IwishIhadabettermemory.2）在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，代替過去將來時(shí)。MothersaidIcouldn’twatchTVbeforemyhomeworkwasfinished.3）神情動(dòng)詞could,would表示宛轉(zhuǎn)語氣。Couldyoulendmeyourbike?Wouldyouhelpme?4)usedtodo/wouldusedtodo“過去經(jīng)?！?，表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。Youusedtosleepwiththewindowopen,usedn’t/didn’tyou?Peopleusedtobelievethattheearthwasflat.1高考英語語法專題would只能用于表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，而不能夠用于表示過去的狀態(tài)。Whenhewasyoung,hewouldriseearlyandtakeawalkbeforebreakfast.一般將來時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)的用法1）表示臨時(shí)決定在短暫的將來馬上要做某事，用will---Youhaven’tturnedoffthe-airconditioner.---Sorry.Iwillturnitoff.表示擁有某種功能用will(能，能夠)Eachbenchwillseatfivepersons.Thedoorwon’topen.3）was/weregoingtodosth.表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的打算或妄圖等。---Youshouldhavecometothemeetingyesterdayevening.---Iwasgoingto,butmymothersuddenlyfellillandIhadtosendhertohospital.4）注意以下構(gòu)造：was/wereabouttodowhen]was/wereonthepointofdoingwhenIwasabouttogotobed/onthepointofgoingtobedwhenthetelephonerang.5）begoingto/will用于條件句時(shí)，begoingto表示計(jì)劃、打算,will表意向。Ifyouaregoingtomakeajourney,you'dbettergetreadyforitassoonaspossible.Nowifyouwilltakeoffyourclothes,wewillfitthenewclothesonyou.進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法1）不與時(shí)間狀語連用，表示漸漸發(fā)展。Itisgettingdarker.Thewindisrising.將來進(jìn)行時(shí),表示將來某時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)期正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Theywillbewaitingforyouattheschoolgatefromtentoeleventomorrowmorning.注意：不用進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞1）表示事實(shí)狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞,如：have,belong,possess,cost,owe,exist,include,contain,matter,weigh,measure,continue等。Ihavetwobrothers.Thishousebelongstomysister.2）表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞,如：know,realize,think，see,believe,suppose,imagine,agree,recognize,remember,want,need,forget,prefer,mean,understand,love,hate等。Ineedyourhelp.3）剎時(shí)動(dòng)詞,如：accept,receive,complete,finish,give,allow,decide,refuse等。Iacceptyouradvice.2高考英語語法專題4）系動(dòng)詞,如：seem,remain,lie,see,hear,smell,feel,taste,get,become,turn等。Youseemalittletired.5.現(xiàn)在達(dá)成時(shí)的用法（since的四種用法）1）since+過去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)（如詳細(xì)的年、月、日期、鐘點(diǎn)）Ihavebeenheresince1989.2）since+一段時(shí)間+agoIhavebeenheresincefivemonthsago.3）since+從句Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleft.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincewewerehere.我們走后，變化可大了。HewenttoCanadain1989andhaslivedthereeversince.4）Itis/hasbeen+一段時(shí)間+since從句Itis/hasbeentwoyearssinceIbecameapostgraduatestudent.ItistwoyearssinceIlivedinthistown.過去達(dá)成時(shí)的用法1）以下動(dòng)詞hope,expect,intend,mean,want,think,suppose等，可用過去達(dá)成時(shí)表示“原來要做某事”，但結(jié)果未做成，即表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的夢想或妄圖。IhadthoughtthattheywouldleaveforLondonnextMonday.2）以下動(dòng)詞hope,expect,intend,want,mean(打算，意欲)等,也可接動(dòng)詞不定式的達(dá)成式以表示原來要做某事,但未能做成。Sheintendedtohavehelpedme,butshewastoobusyyesterday.=Shehadintendedtohelpme,butshewastoobusyyesterday.注意：1）was/weretohavedonesth.原來打看作某事，但未做成2)近似的還有以下構(gòu)造：Wouldlike/lovetohavedonesth.---Didyougotoseethefilm“Titanic”yesterday?---Iwouldliketohave(gonetoseeit),butmymothersuddenlyfellillandIhadtoattendher.現(xiàn)在達(dá)成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法1）表示從前素來在進(jìn)行的一個(gè)動(dòng)作，這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能已停止，也可能還在進(jìn)行。Howlonghasitbeenraining?表示連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并經(jīng)常重復(fù)的動(dòng)作Wehavebeenseeingquitealoteachotherrecently.Alltheyearstheyhavebeencontributingarticlestoourmagazine.3高考英語語法專題用于得出結(jié)論Youlookthinandtired.Youhavebeenworkingtoohard.二．動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)]動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)一般不獨(dú)自考，而是和時(shí)態(tài)、語氣和非謂語動(dòng)詞一同考，還要注意以下考點(diǎn)。考點(diǎn)一：不定式在某些形容詞(easy,hard,difficult,light,heavy,safe,dangerous,comfortable,pleasant)后作狀語且和句子主語(或賓語)組成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。Thelongessayistoodifficulttounderstand.Hefoundthemathproblemeasytoworkout.考點(diǎn)二：動(dòng)詞say,report,announce,believe,suppose,consider,expect,hope,know等以it作形式主語時(shí)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，后邊接that從句。Itissaid/reported/announcedthatourteamhaswonthegame.考點(diǎn)三：make/see/hearsb.dosth.(賓語補(bǔ)足語)→bemade/seen/heardtodosth.(主語補(bǔ)足語)Pauldoesn’thavetobemadetolearn.Healwaysworkshard.考點(diǎn)四：sth.need/want/requiretobedone→sth.need/want/requiredoingTheserioussituationneeds/wants/req