雅思圖表寫(xiě)作講義

圖

表

寫(xiě)

作一總述1任務(wù)要求：考生在20分鐘內(nèi)達(dá)成150個(gè)單詞的小文章。內(nèi)容：圖表（linegraph,barchart,piechart,table,diagram)文體：summary察看能力：客觀地描繪圖形信息；進(jìn)行比較和比較；對(duì)非個(gè)人性的話題供應(yīng)報(bào)告，不混雜個(gè)人建議；使用圖形描繪語(yǔ)言。Note:這里波及到考試三原則——objectivity客觀性原則（考生進(jìn)行描繪是不能夠有任何臉型式的個(gè)人見(jiàn)解），carefulness周祥性原則（有時(shí)作文題會(huì)安排一個(gè)隱蔽著的特點(diǎn)信息，察看考生的察看能力和橫向比較能力，考生若能發(fā)現(xiàn)并加以描繪，能夠獲得一個(gè)印象分，如沒(méi)發(fā)現(xiàn)，則正常閱卷），accuracy確性原則（考生須用正確生動(dòng)的語(yǔ)言對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行描繪）。

精考生對(duì)圖表題所存在的三個(gè)問(wèn)題：對(duì)于寫(xiě)作中間的套用句掌握不充分對(duì)于不相同圖表的破題思路存在問(wèn)題連結(jié)方面存在困難二圖表題總的認(rèn)識(shí)各樣題型的重視點(diǎn)運(yùn)曲難點(diǎn)：掌握曲線的走向和趨勢(shì)動(dòng)線——需要在第二段開(kāi)頭部分對(duì)整個(gè)曲線進(jìn)行一個(gè)階段式的總分類(lèi)；趨圖在分類(lèi)描繪每個(gè)階段的specifictrend同時(shí)倒入數(shù)據(jù)作為分類(lèi)的依據(jù)勢(shì)柱難點(diǎn)：經(jīng)過(guò)比較找出相同點(diǎn)，和比較找出不相同點(diǎn)狀——即需要橫向總結(jié)所有柱狀圖的共性特點(diǎn)，也要分別描繪各個(gè)柱子的個(gè)性特圖征。餅比較好寫(xiě)，但要注意怎樣豐富百分比的表達(dá)和“占”的表達(dá)。狀注：寫(xiě)作時(shí)不要素來(lái)用數(shù)字加百分比的格式，如25%，這樣很難拿高分。特定的圖數(shù)字能夠采用多樣性的表達(dá)，如圓25%=aquarterof,50%=halfof,>50%=a/themajorityof靜表察看列舉數(shù)字的能力和方法，怎樣經(jīng)過(guò)一些有代表性的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)說(shuō)明問(wèn)題。止格趨勢(shì)2．圖表作文構(gòu)造?序言段：對(duì)圖表主題作總介紹（對(duì)于什么主題的什么圖/時(shí)間（1~2句）正文段：?1）對(duì)圖表進(jìn)行總的概括或講解用（1～2句）?2）對(duì)圖表所包含的信息進(jìn)項(xiàng)詳盡的分析和比較（2~3段）?結(jié)尾段：對(duì)所描繪的圖表信息進(jìn)行總結(jié)（1~2句）三、圖表題寫(xiě)作1．審題：－先看文字信息－掌握主題－再看圖標(biāo)信息－掌握詳盡信息Eg.p28橫坐：1950－1996（？）坐：數(shù)據(jù)（位？）表：worldgrainharvestedarea,1950-19962.Introduction寫(xiě)作通改寫(xiě)目（同，句式構(gòu)改変，增減）達(dá)成序言段寫(xiě)作Eg.改寫(xiě)P28的目?比原與改寫(xiě)后的introduction有什么不相同之：?Thegraphbelowshowstheareaoflandfromwhichgrainwasharvested.?Thislinegraphaboveillustratesthetotalworldgrainharvestedareasinmillionsofhectaresbetween1950and1996.同：show-illustrate，reveal，depict,demonstrate,compare,givesomeinformationabout?,句式：thetotalgrainharvestedareas增加：inmillionsofhectares,between1950and1996注意：防范plagiarism,必然要目行改面。Eg.Thetwopiechartsshowtheproportionofmalesandfemalesinemploymentin6broadcategories.更Thetwopiechartsgivetheproportionofmenandwomenemployedin6broadareas.2）Thetwopiechartsshowtheproportionofmalesandfemalesinemploymentin6broadcategories.更句式構(gòu)Thetwopiechartsshow,in6broadcategories,theproportionofmalesandfemalesinemployment.表作文開(kāi)段落常言構(gòu)：Typeofchartverb主描繪Thegraphshowsthenumberof?piechartillustratestheproportionof?barchartpresentstheinformationon?tabledepictssomedataregarding/on?illustrationrevealscompare：1．P30的狀寫(xiě)序言段。參照：ThegraphshowsthenumberofWestIndiansandIndiansandPakistanisimmigratingtotheUKfrom1940to1970.2．以下的復(fù)合寫(xiě)序言段。Peoplearrestedoverthepast5years參照答案：?Thepiechartsandthebarchartrespectivelypresenttheproportionofmalesandfemalesarrestedoverthepastfiveyearsandsomesignificantreasonswhytheywerearrestedin2007.或Thepiechartscomparetheproportionofmalesandfemalesarrestedoverthepastfiveyearsandthebarchartillustratessomesignificantreasonsin2007.主體段落寫(xiě)作1）表的特點(diǎn)或行的概括或解（1～2句）2）表所包含的信息的分析和比（2~3段）1）表的特點(diǎn)或行的概括或解－generalstatement即概括表寫(xiě)作的最大特點(diǎn)或Eg.P28狀的Ingeneral,thetotalharvestareaincreaseduntil1980,atwhichpointtherewasareductionintheareaharvestedduetoretrenchment.P30兩條的/特點(diǎn)Ascanbeseen,immigrationofbothWestIndiansandIndiansandPakistanisincreasedrapidlyoveratwenty-yearperiod.After1960,thenumberofWestIndianimmigrantsdecreasedsharplywhereasthenumberofIndianandPakistaniimmigrantscontinuedtoincrease.以下復(fù)合寫(xiě)作概括Peoplearrestedoverthepast5years參照Accordingtothegraph,moremalesthanfemaleswerearrested

andthief

becamethemostcommonreasonofarrestin2007.引出概括的言?Ascanbeseen,themoststrikingfeatureis??Asisshown/depictedinthetable,themostobviousfeatureis?Fromthegraph,wecanseeclearlythat??Fromthechart,itisapparentthat?

?Accordingtothegraph,Generallyspeaking,?Itisnotedthat??Overall,?2）表所包含的信息的分析和比（2~3段）2．1（狀）：解思路：按展序?qū)懽?；言點(diǎn)：四個(gè)方向的言點(diǎn)－運(yùn)范圍，程度范圍，范圍，數(shù)據(jù)范圍與接范圍運(yùn)范圍中存在著以下的８種運(yùn)向：１.保持平：我能夠使用的套用構(gòu)有:staystable/remainsteady.例：表示人口數(shù)量保持平的候能夠?qū)?thenumberofpopulationstayedstable

．

。/thenumberofpopulationremainedsteady.2.上漲/增加：我能夠使用的套用構(gòu)有：rise/climb/increase/ascend/mount/aggrandize(例：人口上漲：thenumberofpopulationincreased/ascended/mounted等等。3．下降/減少：我能夠使用的套用構(gòu)有：fall/drop/decrease/descend/decline例：人口減少：thenumberofpopulationdecreased/declined.4．.波：個(gè)就像我的心一。英中叫fluctuate.

增加)例：人口波：numberofpopulationfluctuated.5．達(dá)到峰：peak/reachitssummit/reachitszenith例：人口抵達(dá)了峰：numberofpopulationpeaked/reacheditssummit/reacheditszenith.程度范圍：、慢的/微的：gradually/smoothly/steadily/slightly/moderately/slowly猛然的/大幅度的：dramatically/sharply/considerably/appreciably/greatly/steeply/significantly/markedly/rapidly/quickly/suddenly/例:1.人口大幅度爬升:numberofpopulationmounteddramatically.人口微下降:numberofpopulationdecreasedslightly.人口逐下降:numberofpopulationdecreasedgradually.數(shù)據(jù)范圍：1）上漲/下降伍邊使用to(到)和by(了)例:人口下降到200萬(wàn):numberofpopulationdecreasedto2million.人口下降了200萬(wàn):numberofpopulationdecreasedby2million.人口上漲到1000萬(wàn):numberofpopulationincreasedto10million.人口上漲了500萬(wàn):numberofpopulationincreasedby5million.2）.remainsteady/staystable/leveloff/bottomout/peak/reachitspeak/reachitszenith后邊需要使用的是at.例:1.人口在500萬(wàn)上保持平:numberofpopulationremainedsteadyat5million.1.人口在800萬(wàn)抵達(dá)了峰:numberofpopulationpeakedat8million.2.下降伍,人口在400萬(wàn)保持平:afterdecreasing,numberofpopulationbottomedoutat4million.3.上漲后,人口在700萬(wàn)保持平:aftermounting,numberofpopulationleveledoffat7million.3）fluctuate的后邊大家需要接between?..and?..例:人口在2和100之波:numberofpopulationfluctuatedbetween2and10billion.(那人是ADAM和EVE)：描繪一下?tīng)?50100501950

19601965

1975

1985

19952005參照答案：Thenumberoftouristsincreasedgreatlyduringthefirst10yearsfrom1950to1960,

reachingitspeakat100in1960.Afteraninitialdrop,thetouristnumbershadkeptsteadyataround100for10yearsbetween1965and1975.Itisnotedthatthefollowing30-yearperiodsawanoverallupwardtrendwithsomefluctuations.常用4大句型：1）sth+verb+程度＋數(shù)據(jù)＋時(shí)間。Thepriceincreasedgreatlyto100from1950to1960.2）sth+verb的名詞短語(yǔ)形式(含程度）＋數(shù)據(jù)＋時(shí)間。Thepriceexperiencedagreatincreaseto100from1950to1960.undergo/gothrough/suffer3）therebe+變化的名詞＋數(shù)據(jù)＋in＋某方面＋時(shí)間。Therewasagreatincreaseto100inthetouristnumbersfrom1950to1960.4）時(shí)間＋目擊＋變化的名詞＋數(shù)據(jù)＋in＋某方面。The10-yearperiodfrom1950to1960saw/witnessedagreatincreaseto100inthenumberoftourists.：狀解思路一條：按展序，取有明化的特點(diǎn)行寫(xiě)作。二條：1）兩條各分兩段。先寫(xiě)A，再寫(xiě)B(tài)。每條依據(jù)其固有的特點(diǎn)達(dá)成描繪，分析和比。2）AB同比著達(dá)成各自的特點(diǎn)描繪。三條：1）先寫(xiě)A。再比著寫(xiě)B(tài)和C。2）三條比著寫(xiě)。Eg兩條（JapanVSsweden）分開(kāi)來(lái)寫(xiě)：Japan:stoodat–dipinto?beforebouncingbackto5%again-beexpectedtoshootuptoabout28%in2040,thehighestamongthethreecountriesSweden:increasedgradually-grewwithsomefluctuations-bepredictedtoascendtoroughly25%比著寫(xiě)：Japan:stoodat–dipinto?beforebouncingbackto5%againin2000。UnlikeJapen,swedenexperiencedagradualincreaseinthenumberofagedpeoplefromaround9%in1940toroughly14%in1980.Afterthat,theagedpopulationinSwedenincreasedcontinuallywithsomefluctuations,whileJapanisexpectedtoshootuptoabout28%in2040,4%higherthanSweden.四．非解題思路：？？？——分類(lèi)：找存心義數(shù)據(jù)（最大，最小，相同etc.）必備語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：百分比，大小比較，數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入，先后次序2.1百分比的表示occupygainsharerepresenthave/hasconstituteaccountformakeuptakeupbedividedintobeallocatedtobedistributedto

GZmeatsales10%如：20%chichkenfish?Thesalesofchickenoccupies45%ofthetotal.45%beef?Beefandporkhavethesamepercentage.pork?10%ofthetotalsalesisallocatedtolamb.lambThesmallestpercentageisdistributedtofish,whichgains20%only5%.5%2.2大小比較表示A比B?.Thesalesofchickenis40%morethanthatoffish.?is8timesmorethanthatoffish.?is9timesofthatoffish.練習(xí)：請(qǐng)比較P41男性和女性在管理職位上的情況?Inmanagerialposition,thenumberofthemaleisobviouslymorethanthat

of

the

female.Therearemoremeninmanagerialpositionthanwomen.Agreaternumberofmenthanthatofwomenwerefoundinmanagerialposition.Thenumberofmenwhoareemployedinmanagerialpositionismuchlargerthanthatofwomenworkinginthesameoccupation.Inmanagerialposition,thecompanyownedmorementhanwomen.表示相同的AisequaltoB.Thesalesofporkisequaltothatofbeef.AandBareequal.Ais(exactly/approximately)thesameasB.Thesalesofporkisexactlytwotimesthesameasthatoflamb.?Aisas?.asB.(表示倍數(shù)）Thesalesofchickenisabovetwiceasmuchasthatofbeef.Porksellstwiceasmuchmeataslamb.TherearetwiceasmanystudentsinClassAasthatofClassB.ThefiguresintermsofthedailycaloriesupplyperheadandlifeexpectancyatbirthinBangladeshwereonlythehalfofthoseinUSAin19922.3數(shù)據(jù)引入（）atWhich引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句分詞構(gòu)造WithAversusBAasopposestoBrespectivelyegThesalesofchicken(45%)is40%morethanthatoffish.Thesalesofchickenis8timesmorethanthatoffishat5%.Porkandbeefareequalat20%.Thesalesofchickenis9timesofthatoffish,whichoccupiesonly5%.Thesalesofchickenis9timesofthatoffish,occupyingonly5%.With的使用1)-引出一個(gè)數(shù)字Chickenhasthehighestpercentage(45%).at45%.,whichrepresentsabout45%ofthetotal.,accountingforabout45%ofthetotal.with45%ofthetotalbeingsold.Morechicken(45%)issoldthananyotherkindofmeatwithporkandbeefequalat20%,lambat10%,andfish,th2smallest,atonly5%.Morechicken(45%)issoldthananyotherkindofmeatwiththesamepercentage(20%)inporkandbeef,10%inlamb,andonly5%infi