高二英語第二冊Unit-2-News-Media(二)語法：過去分詞作定語和表語-人教版

PAGE用心愛心專心高二英語第二冊Unit2NewsMedia（二）語法：過去分詞作定語和表語人教版【本講教育信息】一.教學(xué)內(nèi)容：Unit2Newsmedia（二）：語法復(fù)習(xí)：過去分詞做定語和表語二.知識總結(jié)與歸納：（一）語法要點說明：過去分詞除了在句子的謂語部分中表達完成時和被動語態(tài)以外，作為非謂語動詞還可以做名詞的定語，在be動詞后面做表語來描述人或物品的特性或狀態(tài)。（二）過去分詞或過去分詞短語可以用來修飾名詞做定語。過去分詞表達的內(nèi)容與被修飾的名詞具有完成和被動關(guān)系。過去分詞+名詞；名詞+過去分詞短語1.ChenwroteabouttheeffortstobringstolenculturalrelicsbacktoChina.2.Thelettermailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.3.adollgivenbymyaunt4.Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindeverwritten.（三）還有一些過去分詞是表達人或物品的特性或狀態(tài)，這些詞與其說是過去分詞，倒不如說是以ed結(jié)尾的形容詞。1.Experiencededitorsandreportersmakeinformeddecisionsaboutwhateventstoreportandhowtoreportthem.2.WeaskedtwoofChina’smanytalentedjournaliststotellusmoreaboutnewsandnewspapers.3.Iwanttowriteaboutpeopleaddictedtodrugs.4.TVprogrammesandprintedarticleshelppeopleinothercountrieslearnaboutChinaandtheChinesepeople.5.TheYellowRiver,saidtobe“themotherriver”runsacrossChinalikeahugedragon.6.thefallenleaves,spokenEnglish,writtenEnglish,7.Theretiredworkerstoldhimabouttheirfamilylifeandtheirproblem.（四）過去分詞在be動詞后面做表語，表示：“感覺……，主語往往是表示“人”的名詞。例句：1.Heisinterestedinclassicalmusic.2.Weareveryworriedaboutoursituation.3.Heisdisappointedwithhimself.說明：在許多句子中，be+done不是表示被動意義，而是表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。例句：1.Wecan’tentertheroom,forthedoorislocked.2.Wedon’tknowwherewearenow.Wearelost.3.Shehasbeenmarriedfortenyears.4.Theyaregoneforvacation.（五）閱讀指導(dǎo)：本單元的閱讀材料：BehindtheHeadlines的閱讀目標(biāo)是了解：1.新聞工作者的工作程序；通過文中提到的兩位記者回答采訪的問題進行了介紹。2.了解媒體除了報道事實以外的社會功能；注意文章的最后一段。在閱讀時要注意。（1）采訪的問題；（2）第一段的主題句：Newspaperandothermediadomorethansimplyrecordwhathappens.Experiencededitorsandreportersmakeinformeddecisionsaboutwhateventstoreportandhowtoreportthem.Theyalsomakesurethatreaderscanrelatetothestories.最后一段的結(jié)論性的句子：Theresultisabetterunderstandingoftheworldonallsides,leadingtoafutureworldwherepeoplefromallcountriesarerespectedanddifferentviewsandopinionsaretolerated.【典型例題】一.句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1.Thetelegramthatwassentbymysisterbroughtthenewsofmygrandma’sdeath.Thetelegramsentbymysisterbroughtthenewsofmygrandma’sdeath.2.Nineoutoftenwomenwhowereinterviewedabouttheproductsaidtheylikedit.Nineoutoftenwomeninterviewedabouttheproductsaidtheylikedit.3.Thethreeguns,whichhadbeenstolenfromthepolicestation,werefoundinthegarageThethreeguns,stolenfromthepolicestation,werefoundinthegarage4.Idon’tlikegoingtosupermarketsthatarelocatedinthecenterofthetown.Idon’tlikegoingtosupermarketslocatedinthecenterofthetown.二.翻譯句子：1.被燒毀的圓明園該不該重建在媒體引起了激烈討論。Whethertheburned-downYuanmingyuanshouldberebuilthasbeenmuchdiscussedinthemedia.2.我的叔叔本來打算退休以后回鄉(xiāng)下居住，可是后來他改變了主意，他決定在城里開一家書店，為退休老人提供一個娛樂休閑的場所。Myunclehadplannedtoliveinthecountryafterhisretirement,buthechangedhismindthen.Hedecidedtoopenabookstoreinthecitytoofferaplacefortheretiredtohavefunandrest.3.他是個很有經(jīng)驗的人，總是受到年輕人的尊敬。Heisquiteexperiencedandisalwayslookeduptobytheyoung.4.TheteenagersdiscussingtheeventintheTVtalkshowwereallschoolchildren.在電視論壇節(jié)目中討論這個事件的那些少年都是小學(xué)生。5.TheteenagersdiscussedintheTVtalkshowwereallschoolchildren.在電視論壇節(jié)目中討論到的那些少年都是小學(xué)生。6.Doyouhappentoknowthehostpresentingtheprofessor?你認識正在介紹那位教授的主持人嗎？三.單項選擇：1.TheOlympicGames,_____in776BC,didn’tincludedwomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplaying B.tobefirstplayedInfact,LondonandParis,withtheirobviousnewsimilarities,arebeyondtheolddescriptions.AstheEuropeanUniongraduallyloosenedcontrols,LondonersflockedintoParistoshop,eatandbuyproperty.“Bothcitieshavechangedbeyondrecognition.”SaidLarryCollins,awriterandsometimesaLondoner.Likemostpeoplewhoknowbothwell,hefindsthetwonowfittogethercomfortably.“IfirstfellinlovewithParisinthe1950s,anditisstillawonderfulplace,”Collinssaid.“butifIhadtochoose,itwouldbeLondon.Thingsaresomuchmoreordered,andlifeisbetter.”Butcertainlynotcheaper.InfancypartsofLondon,rentscanbetwicethoseonAvenueFochinParis.DecidingbetweenLondonandParisrequiresalifestylechoice.LikeDaphneBenoit,aFrenchjournalismstudentwithperfectEnglish,manyyoungpeoplearehappytobecloseenoughsotheydon’thavetochoose.“IloveParis,mylittleneighborhood,thewayIcanwalkaroundacenter,butlifeissostructured,”shesaid.“InLondon,youcanbewhoyouwant.Noonecares.”1.Thebesttitleforthispassageis_____.A.LondonerandParisians.B.AmodernTaleofTwoCities.C.TheSimilarityofTwocities.D.FancyLondonandFashionableParis.2.Wecaninferfromthetext____.A.ParisandLondonhasbecomeperfectpartners.B.LondonfeelsmorefulloflifeC.lifeinParisisstructuredD.ParisandLondonhavebecomefiercecompetitors.3.Theunderlinedword“flocked”probablymeans____.A.cameinlargenumbers.B.flewalongway.C.rushedhurriedly.D.drovelongdistance. 4.LivinginParis,youmayfind___.A.lifeisbetter.B.thingsarecheaper.C.moreattractivepeopleD.ajobeasily.5.Fromthepassagewecanknow___.A.thetwocitieshavedevelopedveryfast.B.LondonisbetterthaninParis.C.Parisisafavoriteplaceforalljournalismstudents.D.peopleinbothLondonandParisnowleadaregularlife.（B）PeoplecouldlandonMarsinthenext20—30yearsprovidedscientistscanfindwaterontheredplanet,theheadofNASA’ssurfaceexplorationmission（美國國家宇航局地表探測任務(wù)小組）saidonSeptember16.Twopartlysolar-powered“robotgeologists”（由太陽能驅(qū)動的“機器人地質(zhì)學(xué)者”）–MarsExplorationRovers,orMERs—havebeenmovingacross3milesoftheplanetandintocrates（環(huán)型山）sinceJanuary,sendingbackdataaboutthemakeupofwhatscientistsbelieveisEarth’ssisterplanet.AskedhowlongitcouldbebeforeAstronautslandonMars,ArthurThompsonsaid,“Mybestguessis20to30years,ifthatbecomesourfirstly-consideredplan.”ThetwoMERrobots,namedSpiritandOpportunity,havefoundAncientevidencethatwaterwasonceenough.Itisimportantforscientistshopingtoknowiftherewasonce—orcouldstillbe—lifeonMars.Withoutwater,thedreamofsendingastronautstotheoftendustyplanet,whichhasrust-coloredrocksandwheretheskyisredandsunsetsareblue,couldn’tberealized.“Ifwecannotfindwater,itreallymakesitdifficulttosendhumans.Wateristhekey.”SaidThompson.ThompsonsaidscientistshadfoundacanyononMars“thatmakestheGrandCanyonlooklikeasmallcanyon,”wherewatercouldstillbepresent.“Itshowsthatthereisactuallywaterthatseeps（滲漏）outofthesideofthecanyon,andgoingdownthesideitevaporates（蒸發(fā)）.Webelieveit’sanongoingprogress,”hesaid.1.Theunderlinedword“provided”inthefirstparagraphcanbereplacedby____.A.unless B.if C.though D.evenif2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat____.A.thetworobotsgettheirenergyonlyfromthesun.B.thetworobotshaven’tfoundanyevidenceofwateronMarstillnow.C.tworobotshaven’tsentanyinformationaboutMarssofar.D.thetworobotsweresenttoMarsinJanuary.3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutMarsisNOTtrue?A.Theskythereisred. B.Ithascraters.C.RocksonMarsarerust-colored D.ItisverycoldonMars.4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.WecanseeredskyandbluesunsetsonMars.B.ThecanyonfoundonMarsislargerthantheGrandCanyon.C.WehavealreadyfoundlotsofwateronMars.D.Withoutwater,sendingpeopletoMarsisverydifficult.5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Earth’ssisterplanet. B.PeopleonMarspossiblein20to30years.C.LifeonMars. D.SpiritandOpportunity三.書面表達：假設(shè)你叫張穎，在倫敦學(xué)習(xí)已經(jīng)兩個月了，寫信給你在國內(nèi)的朋友李倩，介紹你在倫敦生活的一些情況：1.倫敦作為英國的首都，是一個大城市，在泰晤士河畔。人口約七百萬。2.倫敦是一個繁忙的都市，人們非常友好樂于助人，但總是來去匆匆。3.給你印象最深的是你在國內(nèi)從未坐過的地鐵。4.城里有許多著名景觀，你只游覽了倫敦博物館和著名的海德公園。時間：2005年8月13日【試題答案】一.單項選擇：1.B 分析：pin：別在，栓在……上面，與message是被動關(guān)系。2.D 分析：__lastyear此處做非限定定語，與Thecomputercenter是被動關(guān)系。3.D 分析：教科書已經(jīng)被編寫出來。此處應(yīng)是過去分詞作定語。 4.C 分析：門仍然鎖著。表示門的狀態(tài)，用過去分詞做表語。二.閱讀理解：（A）1.B 文章用大量的篇幅對倫敦和巴黎進行對比。對照十九世紀狄更斯的小說“雙城記”所以本文可以說是：“現(xiàn)代的雙城記”2.A 通過被采訪者的言談中以及第三段Inthe19thcentury,CharlesDickenscomparedthetwogreatrivalcities,LondonandParis,in“ATaleofTwoCities.”Thesedays,itmightbeATaleofOneCity.可以判斷出兩個城市的關(guān)系。3.A 根據(jù)LondonersflockedintoParistoshop,eatandbuyproperty.可以得知大量的倫敦人涌向巴黎去購物。B項：不需要坐飛機，應(yīng)排除。根據(jù)第一段perhaps250,000FrenchmenmovedacrosstheChannel.Withanunderseatunnel,theycouldtravelbetweencitiesinthreehours.可以排除D項。C項不合題義。4.B 根據(jù)第十段LondonersflockedintoParistoshop,eatandbuyproperty.和倒數(shù)第六段“butifIhadtochoose,itwouldbeLondon.Thingsaresomuchmoreordered,andlifeisbetter.”Butcertainlynotcheaper.可以得知在巴黎物價更低一些。5.A 從人們從生活方式等角度對兩個城市的選擇可以看出兩個城市發(fā)展都很快。（B）1.B詞義推測。“如果”能在火星上找到水，人類就有可能在未來二，三十年內(nèi)登陸火星。下文：Withoutwater,thedreamofsendingastronautstotheoftendustyplanet,whichhasrust-coloredrocksandwheretheskyisredandsunsetsareblue,couldn’tberealized.（第三段）以及Ifwecannotfindwater,itreallymakesitdifficulttosendhumans.Wateristhekey都有提示。2.D細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段：Twopartlysolar-powered“robotgeologists”（由太陽能驅(qū)動的“機器人地質(zhì)學(xué)者”）–MarsExplorationRovers,orMERs—havebeenmovingacross3milesoftheplanetandintocrate