中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)專題十九任務(wù)型閱讀第3講五選五閱讀表達(dá)

專題十九任務(wù)型閱讀第3講（上）西城一模五選五掌握本篇五選五中出現(xiàn)的高頻詞及長難句。掌握五選五的解題技巧,并能夠指出本篇五選五中運(yùn)用到的解題技巧。經(jīng)過五選五高頻詞、長難句等語料的累積,及五選五解題技巧的練習(xí),靈巧應(yīng)付各樣五選五習(xí)題。知識(shí)篇“巧婦難為無米之炊”,在英語學(xué)習(xí)的過程中,語料的累積至關(guān)重要。對(duì)于五選五高頻詞和長難句的梳理,能夠?yàn)槲覀兇撕蟮膶W(xué)習(xí)和提高打下優(yōu)秀的基礎(chǔ)。親愛的同學(xué),老師已經(jīng)為你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高頻詞和長難句,快來看看你掌握了嗎？高頻詞（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的詞匯量貯備,以教師發(fā)問的形式進(jìn)行。能夠正確翻譯的為優(yōu),模糊翻譯的良,不會(huì)翻譯的為差。）單詞/短語詞性詞義拓展掌握狀況優(yōu)良差suchas比如chatv.聊天storev.儲(chǔ)存n.商鋪introducev.介紹simpleadj.簡(jiǎn)單的upstairsadv.在樓上，往樓上opp.downstairsdiscoveryn.發(fā)現(xiàn)v.discoverimaginev.想象digv.發(fā)掘nearbyadj.在鄰近的長難句（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的句型貯備,以教師發(fā)問的形式進(jìn)行。能夠正確翻譯的為優(yōu),模糊翻譯的良,不會(huì)翻譯1的為差。）1.WealsochattedtoourfriendsaboutwhatwehadseenonTVlastnight.（優(yōu)秀差）_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意：我們也和我們的朋友聊昨天夜晚我們?cè)陔娨暽峡吹降臇|西。本句中包括著由what指引的賓語從句作about的賓語。2.WhenwearrivedattheMiningMuseum,weweretakentoaroomwherewestoredourbags.（優(yōu)秀差）_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意：當(dāng)我們抵達(dá)了礦業(yè)博物館，我們被帶去了一個(gè)存包的房間。本句是由when指引的時(shí)間狀語從句，在主句中又包括著一個(gè)由where指引的定語從句，修飾room。方法篇“方法適當(dāng),事半功倍?！敝挥姓Z料的累積,沒有好方法的協(xié)助也是不夠的。對(duì)于五選五解題方法的梳理,能夠幫助我們更好地理解五選五的命題邏輯,在有足夠語料累積的基礎(chǔ)上,能夠幫助我們爭(zhēng)取高分。親愛的同學(xué),老師已經(jīng)為你精心整理了五選五的解題技巧,快來看看你掌握了多少？一、五選五解題步驟第一步讀選項(xiàng)，畫重點(diǎn)詞，暗排序通讀選項(xiàng)，認(rèn)識(shí)每個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思，做到成竹在胸，起碼能知道可供選擇的意思范圍，以便在短時(shí)間內(nèi)找出正確答案。第二步讀文章，抓過渡詞，找邏輯通讀文章，關(guān)注段中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，抓住表示并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系及其余關(guān)系的過渡詞，為下一步解題做準(zhǔn)備。第三步先易后難來解題先填較簡(jiǎn)單的空，比如文章的段首句、段尾句或與選項(xiàng)有顯然邏輯關(guān)系的句子；再填較難的空，這時(shí)選擇范圍會(huì)變小，能夠頻頻對(duì)照剖析，進(jìn)行選擇。第四步回讀文章定答案所有題目做完后，把所選擇的選項(xiàng)代入原文，檢查文章前后能否連貫，所選選項(xiàng)能否和文章的要旨粗心相符合，再次確立答案。二、五選五解題技巧在五選五題型中，設(shè)空地點(diǎn)一般為三種：段首、段尾和段中。正確選項(xiàng)與空格前后句子關(guān)系密切，主要依靠句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行選擇。接下來將從并列邏輯、轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯、指代邏輯、因果邏輯和總分邏輯五方面進(jìn)行說明。題型題型一：并列邏輯解題假如空格所在段落要求補(bǔ)全說明本段主題的其余細(xì)節(jié)，往常選項(xiàng)中會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)系技巧詞或與前文近似的句式構(gòu)造，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其余線索。典題例題：Makegoodwordchoices.Whenwe’renotsurewhichwordistherightoneforasentence,精析lookitupinadictionary.Manyofuschoosewordsinahurryanddon’ttakethetimetodecideifthey’reproper.2.分析：此題觀察的是并列邏輯。空格出此刻第二段的段末，是用來對(duì)第二段的黑體小標(biāo)題進(jìn)行解說的，閱讀選項(xiàng)可知E選項(xiàng)中的重點(diǎn)詞goodwordchoices與小標(biāo)題一致，應(yīng)選E，意為“好的詞匯選擇對(duì)好的作品是重要的”。答案：E“Goodwordchoicesarenecessaryforgoodwriting.”2題型題型二：轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯解題1.空格前后意思相反或矛盾，找含轉(zhuǎn)折含義的選項(xiàng)；技巧2.選項(xiàng)含轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯，另一種常有的觀察方式是空格后對(duì)該選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行詳盡論述、說明和例證。典題例題：5.Butwithafewsimplesteps,wecanimproveourwritingskillsandlearnhowto精析writebetterarticles.分析：此題觀察的是轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯。依據(jù)空格后轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but能夠判斷空格前后意思相反，空格后句意為“可是有了簡(jiǎn)單的幾步，我們能夠提高我們的寫作技巧?！?，因此空格處應(yīng)與其意思相反，應(yīng)選D，意為“成為一個(gè)更好的作家不簡(jiǎn)單”。答案：D“Itisnoteasytobecomeabetterwriter.”題型題型三：指代邏輯解題1.假如選項(xiàng)中含有代詞，則判斷哪個(gè)空格前的句中所含有的名詞代入后使上下文連結(jié)；技巧2.假如空格后句中有代詞，則判斷哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)所含名詞代入后上下文連結(jié)。典題例題：EveryyearinApril,theLondonmarathon（馬拉松）takesplace.Theracecoversafantastic精析route(線路)inwhichrunnerspasslotsofthefamousplacesliketheLondonEyeandBigBen.______3____.分析：此題觀察的是指代邏輯。依據(jù)空格所在段第一句EveryyearinApril,theLondonmarathon（馬拉松）takesplace.“倫敦馬拉松在每年四月舉行”，可知本段敘述的重點(diǎn)為倫敦馬拉松，閱讀選項(xiàng)可知B項(xiàng)Peoplecomefromallovertheworldtoruninit.中的it取代的是Londonmarathon，故可推測(cè)出正確答案。答案：B“Peoplecomefromallovertheworldtoruninit.”題型題型四：因果邏輯解題假如選項(xiàng)含有因果邏輯詞，則判斷哪個(gè)空格前后句與之切合因果邏輯關(guān)系；技巧典題例題：Mr.LongmanandMr.Martinwerebothbadlyill1.Mr.Longmanwasabletositupin精析hisbedforanhoureachafternoon.分析：此題觀察的是因果邏輯。依據(jù)空格前句子可知“Mr.Longman和Mr.Martin都病的很嚴(yán)重”，這是事件的原由，那么空格處應(yīng)當(dāng)填的是事件的結(jié)果，閱讀選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)填C，意為“他們住在同樣的病房里”，即可推測(cè)出正確答案。答案：C“Theywereinthesamehospitalroom”.題型題型五：總分邏輯解題1.假如選項(xiàng)的表達(dá)近似于“Therearemainlythreetypesof”則該選項(xiàng)一般位于文章較前面的技巧地點(diǎn)，用于引出后文對(duì)這幾種種類的詳盡論述；2.假如空格位于某段段首，則一般是本段的要旨句；假如空格位于某段段尾，往常是結(jié)論、歸納性語句。典題例題：Manyofusdon’tspendalotoftimeimprovingourwritingskills.Thiscanbeaproblem精析whenwehandinourarticles.Goodwritingskillswillhelpusimproveourgradesandbenefituslaterinlife.1.分析：此題觀察的是總分邏輯。閱讀全文能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)本文是一篇“總-分”種類的文章，主要介紹的是一3些對(duì)于寫作的小訣竅，而第二段起的一些黑體字則是tips的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容，因此第一段空格處應(yīng)填的是一句總述句，應(yīng)選B，意為“下邊的小訣竅可能會(huì)有幫助”。答案：B“Thefollowingtipscanbehelpful.”閱讀選項(xiàng)（抓住選項(xiàng)中的重點(diǎn)詞，以便有目的性的通讀文章）題號(hào)選項(xiàng)AIhadtwohamsandwichesBFinally,itwastimetoreturntoschoolCThetripintothecitywasinterestingDHethenshowedushowtopanforgoldETherewerealsosomeinterestinggoldcomputergamestoplay通讀文章話題體裁字?jǐn)?shù)建議用時(shí)實(shí)質(zhì)用時(shí)正確率星級(jí)平時(shí)生活類記述文2505-7分鐘__/5★★★OurtriptotheMiningMuseumOnTuesday4thApril,wetookabustotraveltotheMining(礦業(yè))MuseumbecausewehadbeenlearningabouttheGoldRushes.1.WewentpastsomefamousplacessuchasSydneyHarborandtheOperaHousealongtheway.WealsochattedtoourfriendsaboutwhatwehadseenonTVlastnight.WhenwearrivedattheMiningMuseum,weweretakentoaroomwherewestoredourbags.Ourguide,Alison,thenintroducedustoamannamedBruceBinkleywhoisaminer.Mr.Binkleytalkedtousabouthowpeopleusedtolookforgold.2.Itseemedsimple.Yougetapan,fillitwithdirtandwaterandthenswirl(旋動(dòng))itarounduntilthebigstonesarewashedoutalongwithotherthings.Gold,beingheavier,isleftatthebottom.Next,wewalkedupstairstolookatpictures,informationandsamples(樣品)ofgold.WefilledinaworksheetabouttheearlydiscoveriesofgoldinAustralia.3.Thatpartwasreallyexcitingbecauseyouhadtoimaginethatyouwereaminerdiggingforgold.Lunchwasspentinanearbypark.4.Theywereyummy!Wealsoplayedhide-and-seekwhilewewerethere.5.Weboardedthebusandfeltverytired.ItwasanenjoyabletriptotheMiningMuseum.A.IhadtwohamsandwichesB.Finally,itwastimetoreturntoschoolC.Thetripintothecitywasinteresting

Somechildrenevensleptonthebus!4D.HethenshowedushowtopanforgoldE.Therewerealsosomeinterestinggoldcomputergamestoplay逐題剖析語篇解讀：本篇文章是一篇平時(shí)生活類的記述文，主要敘述的是作者去觀光礦業(yè)博物館這件事情并詳盡描繪了整個(gè)觀光過程。分析：此題觀察的是總分邏輯?？崭裎挥诘诙蔚亩问?，為第二段的要旨句。閱讀第二段可知本段主要敘述的是去礦業(yè)博物館的路上發(fā)生的事，閱讀選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)當(dāng)選C，意為“去城市里的旅游是風(fēng)趣的”。答案：C分析：此題觀察的是并列邏輯?？崭袂熬渥覯r.Binkleytalkedtousabouthowpeopleusedtolookforgold.意為“Mr.Binkley和我們討論對(duì)于人們過去是如何找尋黃金的？”，因此空格后應(yīng)當(dāng)是對(duì)于人們淘金的方式，閱讀選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)選D，意為“他接著展現(xiàn)給我們?nèi)绾翁越稹?。答案：D分析：此題觀察的是并列邏輯。本空位于第五段的段中部分，閱讀第五段可知本段敘述的是觀光過程中的一些環(huán)節(jié)，而空格應(yīng)是環(huán)節(jié)中的一部分，閱讀選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)當(dāng)選E，意為“這里也能夠玩一些風(fēng)趣的對(duì)于黃金的電腦游戲”。答案：E4.分析：此題觀察的是并列邏輯。依據(jù)空格前句子Lunchwasspentinanearbypark.意為“午餐是在鄰近的公園吃的”，因此空格后應(yīng)當(dāng)與吃午餐這件事情有關(guān)，閱讀選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)當(dāng)選A，意為“我吃了兩個(gè)火腿三明治”。答案：A5.分析：此題觀察的是并列邏輯。依據(jù)空格后句子“Weboardedthebusandfeltverytired.”意為“我們上了公交車，感覺特別累”可知旅游結(jié)束了，閱讀選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)當(dāng)選B，意為“最后，到了返校的時(shí)間了?！贝鸢福築精講筆錄（學(xué)生在教師的指導(dǎo)下,回首本講中累積的五選五的知識(shí)和方法）語篇中累積的詞匯（起碼累積10個(gè)）單詞詞性及詞義單詞的運(yùn)用（鼓舞學(xué)生用所學(xué)詞匯造句）5語篇中的學(xué)到的方法（起碼掌握2種）并列邏輯2、3、4、5轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯指代邏輯因果邏輯總分邏輯1基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)一、詞匯/短語英漢互譯★單詞/短語詞性詞義suchasv.聊天v.儲(chǔ)存introducev.simpleadj.adv.在樓上，往樓上discoveryn.v.想象v.發(fā)掘nearbyadj.二、句子英漢互譯★★他買了很多水果，如蘋果，桃子等等。____________________________________________________________________________________.當(dāng)湯姆二十歲時(shí)，他成為老師。____________________________________________________________________________________.WealsochattedtoourfriendsaboutwhatwehadseenonTVlastnight.____________________________________________________________________________________.WhenwearrivedattheMiningMuseum,weweretakentoaroomwherewestoredourbags.____________________________________________________________________________________.Avoidunhealthyfoodssuchashamburgerandchips.____________________________________________________________________________________.閱讀練習(xí)話題體裁字?jǐn)?shù)建議用時(shí)實(shí)質(zhì)用時(shí)正確率星級(jí)人物列傳/故事類記述文2085-7分鐘__/5★★★6FollowingTheirDreamsFlorencelivedinthecountrysideofKenya(肯尼亞）inAfrica.Whenshewas12,shewantednothingmorethantofinishschool.Butformanygirlslikeher,schoolisnotachoice.___1___.Familieswillprobablyspendmoneyeducatingboys.Manygirlsareforcedtomarry.___2___.ItwasBeadsforEducation,startedbyLisaStevens,thathelpedrealizeherdream.Beadshasprovidedmanygirlswiththebesteducationpossible.Florencewasthefirstof320Kenyangirlsinthirdgrade.___3___.Duringhervisit,sheheardthatmanywomenmadeandsoldbaskets.Theyusedthemoneytosendtheirdaughterstoschool.Twoyearslater,shestartedtohelpselltheKenyancraftsintheU.S.In1998,Stevensbeganhelpinggirlscontinuetheireducation.___4___.InJanuary,2015,sheopenedthefourthone."Iwanttoprovidethegirlswiththebesteducationpossibleandpreparethemforcollegeandbeyond,"Stevenssaid.ThenewhighschoolisnamedTembea,whichmeans"towalk".Florenceiswalkingtowardabrightfuture.___5___."Florenceisthefirstinherfamilytofinishhighschoolandcollege,"saysStevens."SheisanexampleforallgirlsinKenya."A.SchoolcostsmoneyB.In1991StevensfirstvisitedKenyaC.Afterthat,shehelpedbuildthreeschoolsD.Sheleftcollegein2010andisnowateacherE.ButFlorencewasabletocontinueherschooling參照答案基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)一、詞匯/短語英漢互譯單詞/短語詞性詞義suchas比如chatv.聊天storev.儲(chǔ)存introducev.介紹simpleadj.簡(jiǎn)單的upstairsadv.在樓上，往樓上discoveryn.發(fā)現(xiàn)imaginev.想象digv.發(fā)掘nearbyadj.在鄰近的二、句子英漢互譯。Heboughtalotoffruitsuchasapplesandpeaches.Tombecameateacherwhenhewastwentyyearsold.我們也和我們的朋友聊昨天夜晚我們?cè)陔娨暽峡吹降臇|西。7當(dāng)我們抵達(dá)了礦業(yè)博物館，我們被帶去了一個(gè)存包的房間。不要吃不健康食品，如漢堡和薯?xiàng)l。閱讀練習(xí)1.A2.E3.B4.C5.D第3講（下）西城一模閱讀表達(dá)掌握本篇閱讀表達(dá)中出現(xiàn)的高頻詞及長難句。掌握閱讀表達(dá)的解題技巧,并能夠指出本篇閱讀表達(dá)中運(yùn)用到的解題技巧。經(jīng)過閱讀表達(dá)高頻詞、長難句等語料的累積,及閱讀表達(dá)解題技巧的練習(xí),靈巧應(yīng)付各樣閱讀表達(dá)習(xí)題。知識(shí)篇“巧婦難為無米之炊”,在英語學(xué)習(xí)的過程中,語料的累積至關(guān)重要。對(duì)于閱讀表達(dá)高頻詞和長難句的梳理,能夠?yàn)槲覀兇撕蟮膶W(xué)習(xí)和提高打下優(yōu)秀的基礎(chǔ)。親愛的同學(xué),老師已經(jīng)為你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高頻詞和長難句,快來看看你掌握了嗎？高頻詞（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的詞匯量貯備,以教師發(fā)問的形式進(jìn)行。能夠正確翻譯的為優(yōu),模糊翻譯的良,不會(huì)翻譯的為差。）單詞/短語詞性詞義拓展掌握狀況優(yōu)良差crazyadj.瘋狂的producev.創(chuàng)作，生產(chǎn)interviewn.采訪，面談stressn.壓力comeupwith提出confidencen.自信adj.confident8自信的practicev.練習(xí)dropout休學(xué)，退出preparefor為準(zhǔn)備opportunityn.機(jī)遇，機(jī)遇長難句（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的句型貯備,以教師發(fā)問的形式進(jìn)行。能夠正確翻譯的為優(yōu),模糊翻譯的良,不會(huì)翻譯的為差。）1.Afterschool,JoneswouldplaymethemostrecentmixofsongsinthestudioandaskwhatIthought.（優(yōu)秀差）_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意：放學(xué)后，Jones會(huì)在工作室里給我演奏近來的組合歌曲并咨詢我的見解。本句中包括了一個(gè)由what指引的賓語從句作ask的賓語。2.WiththegoalofbeingacoolDJ,RonsondroppedoutofNewYorkUniversityandplayedinclubsindowntownNewYork,wherepopularartistsoftenvisited.（優(yōu)秀差）_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意：帶著成為一個(gè)一流的DJ的目標(biāo)，Ronson從紐約大學(xué)休學(xué)了，在紐約市中心的俱樂部里演奏，那邊是流行藝術(shù)家們常常去的地方。本句中包括了一個(gè)由where指引的定語從句。方法篇“方法適當(dāng),事半功倍?！敝挥姓Z料的累積,沒有好方法的協(xié)助也是不夠的。對(duì)于閱讀表達(dá)解題方法的梳理,能夠幫助我們更好地理解閱讀表達(dá)的命題邏輯,在有足夠語料累積的基礎(chǔ)上,能夠幫助我們爭(zhēng)取高分。親愛的同學(xué),老師已經(jīng)為你精心整理了閱讀表達(dá)的解題技巧,快來看看你掌握了多少？一、閱讀表達(dá)解題步驟第一步仔細(xì)審題，讀懂題意做題時(shí)我們應(yīng)先閱讀所給的任務(wù)，明確任務(wù)是什么，再帶著任務(wù)去閱讀資料，這樣就能做到成竹在胸，有針對(duì)性的去讀，并能提高閱讀效率。第二步快速閱讀，掌握粗心明確任務(wù)后，應(yīng)快速閱讀全文來認(rèn)識(shí)文章主要內(nèi)容，以及文章的感情基調(diào)，作者的企圖、態(tài)度偏向。第三步細(xì)讀題目，達(dá)成任務(wù)泛讀全文以后，就能夠采納“跳讀”的方式來找尋細(xì)節(jié)在原文中的對(duì)應(yīng)，“跳讀”的目的就是為細(xì)節(jié)找尋答案。第四步復(fù)讀文章，核實(shí)任務(wù)達(dá)成所有任務(wù)后，還應(yīng)聯(lián)合題目再把全文通讀一遍，仔細(xì)核實(shí)答案，要注意句子的人稱、單復(fù)數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、詞性、主謂一致等。二、閱讀表達(dá)解題技巧在閱讀表達(dá)題型中，要修業(yè)生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上，去達(dá)成一項(xiàng)任務(wù)或解決一個(gè)問題，主要觀察學(xué)生捕獲信息的能力，綜合歸納信息的能力和組織信息的能力。接下來將從細(xì)節(jié)題，是非題，要旨題和活用題四種題型的解題技巧進(jìn)行解說。題型題型一：細(xì)節(jié)題解題細(xì)節(jié)題一般對(duì)人，事，地址，時(shí)間，原由及方式等進(jìn)行發(fā)問，第一要審清題目要求，而后找出題目在9技巧文中出現(xiàn)的對(duì)應(yīng)段落，直接作答或用自己的話進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)述。設(shè)題1.Whatisthewriter’squestioninLetterA?方式2.Whereweretheresearchersfrom?Whocanhelpshypeople?WhydidBurtondecidetohavetheslidespainted?WhenwasBurtonHolmesborn?6.Howareparents’jobsdifferentfromchildren’sjobsaccordingtoLetterA.典題OnNovember30,1906,GeorgeBidderdroppedabottlefromaboatintotheNorthSea.The精析weightedglassbottlesankalmosttotheseafloor,andthenitmoveslowlyfor108yearsand138days.問題：Howlongdidtheweightedglassbottlemoveinthesea?分析：此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“這個(gè)玻璃瓶在海里挪動(dòng)了多長時(shí)間？”，依據(jù)重點(diǎn)詞“theweightedglassbottlemoveinthesea”可將答案鎖定在第一段第二句中“Theweightedglassbottlesankalmosttotheseafloor,andthenitmoveslowlyfor108yearsand138days.”，故填“For108yearsand138days”。答案：For108yearsand138days.題型題型二：是非題解題發(fā)問形式為一般疑問句，第一鎖定范圍，在范圍內(nèi)劃出依照，而后使用Yes/No作答。技巧設(shè)題1.DoparentshavehomeworkaccordingtoletterB?方式2.Isbeingshyalwaysabigproblemaccordingtothepassage?3.CouldFrancisandCraigreadthe“map”ofDNAin2000?4.Willthestep-by-stepguideshowyouhowtostartaclub?典題ItsjourneyendedwhenMarianneWinklerfoundthebottlein2015.Winklerwasthenonvacation精析onAmrumIsland.Shepickedupthebottlewhenitwaswashedupontothebeach.Shesawapieceofpaperinside,butdidn’tbreakitopen.Shecouldtellthatthebottlewasold.Soshedidn’twanttodamageit.問題：DidMarianneWinklerfindthebottlein2015?分析：此題為是非題。題干意為“MarianneWinkler是在2015年發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)瓶子的嗎？”，依據(jù)第二段第一句ItsjourneyendedwhenMarianneWinklerfoundthebottlein2015.能夠判斷答案是必定的，故填“Yes”。答案：Yes.題型題型三：要旨題解題抓住文章構(gòu)造，先總后分，先分后總?cè)允强偡挚?，確立總寫在篇首仍是篇尾，而后作答。假如不切合技巧上述幾種狀況，則綜合全文或段落，用自己的話進(jìn)行歸納。中考閱讀表達(dá)中的要旨粗心題一般由兩點(diǎn)或三點(diǎn)組成，常用的句型有：介紹某個(gè)物體，新興事物或抽象看法時(shí)：Whatis.介紹某個(gè)人物時(shí)：Whois.介紹做某事的方法時(shí)：Howtodo/How4.介紹某事物的優(yōu)/弊端時(shí)：Thebenefits/advantages/disadvantagesof10例1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?解答：Whatshynessisandhowtodealwithit.例2.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?解答：Howtorunastudiosystem?例3.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?解答：WhoAndrewMatthewsisandhisbook.設(shè)題1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?方式2.Whatdoesthewritermainlytellusinpassage?Whatisthemainideaofparagraph4?Whatdoyoulearnfromthisstory?Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?典題Scientistsnowunderstandthatafirecanbeanaturalpartofahealthyforest.Asaresult,精析countrieslikeAustraliaallowmorefirestoburnnaturally.Sometimes,firefightersevenstartfirestogetridof（去除）deadwood.Ofcourse,theycarefullycontrolthefires.Thefirethinsoutoldtrees.Thisallowssunlighttoreachtheground.Asaresult,fireshelpnewtreestogrow.Therefore,ifafireisnotaseriousthreat（威迫）topeople,firefightersmayletitburnnaturally.問題：Whatisthemainideaofparagraph4?分析：此題為段落要旨題。題干意為“第四段的主要意思是什么？”，依據(jù)第四段段首句可知“澳大利亞同意更多的火自然焚燒”，爾后邊的內(nèi)容解說的是這樣做的原由是保持叢林健康，綜合這兩點(diǎn)并運(yùn)用inorderto短語即可得出正確答案，應(yīng)填“Inordertokeepforestshealthy,somefiresmaybeallowedtoburnnaturally.”。答案：Inordertokeepforestshealthy,somefiresmaybeallowedtoburnnaturally.題型題型四：活用題解題主觀性最強(qiáng)，需要正確掌握要旨，環(huán)繞文章的中心看法列出重點(diǎn)，擴(kuò)點(diǎn)成句，進(jìn)行潤飾，但要注意不技巧能不著邊沿，離題萬里。設(shè)題1.Doyouthinktheselfieisgood?Why?方式2.Whatcanbefilledintheblank（空白）attheendofletterB?典題Ithinkit’sonlyfairthatteenagershelpoutabitathome.Theymightnotlikeit,but精析it’sgoodforthem.Itteachesthemhowtolookafterthemselves.Thisisreallyusefulwhen__________.（北京旭日期末）問題：Whatcanbefilledintheblank（空白）attheendofletterB?分析：此題為活用題。題干意為“在letterB結(jié)尾的空白處能夠填什么？”，這種題的答案比較靈巧，不是獨(dú)一的，只需和文章的要旨一致就能夠。本段主要說的是孩子們?cè)诩依镒鲆恍┘覄?wù)能夠幫助她們學(xué)會(huì)照料自己，當(dāng)_____,這一點(diǎn)是實(shí)用的。那么必定是孩子走開家，單獨(dú)生活的時(shí)候，答案與此主題一致即可。答案：theyleavehometogotocollege/liveontheirown11閱讀問題（抓住選項(xiàng)中的重點(diǎn)詞，以便有目的性的通讀文章）題號(hào)選項(xiàng)1IsMarkRonsonapopstarnow?2WhatdidhewinonFeb15,2016?3HowdidheteachhimselftobeaDJ?4Wheredidheplayafterdroppingoutofuniversity?5Whatmadehimsuccessful?通讀尋讀話題體裁字?jǐn)?shù)建議用時(shí)實(shí)質(zhì)用時(shí)正確率星級(jí)人物列傳類記述文4136-8分鐘__/5★★★It’sbeenalongjourney.FromDJtoproducertosinger,MarkRonsonisnowapopstarinhisownright.OnFeb15,hishitsongUptownFunkwonRecordoftheYear,oneofthemostimportantprizes,atthe2016GrammyAwards.Whiletheworldhasgonecrazyforthesong,Ronson,40,wentthroughsixdifficultmonthstoproduceit.Infact,theUKmusicianmade17versions(版本)ofUptownFunk.InaninterviewwiththeDailyMail,RonsontoldtheUKnewspaperthatheworkedsohardthathishairstartedtofallout.Atonepoint,thestressoftryingtocomeupwithasuitableguitarpartevencausedhimtofaint(暈倒)inarestaurant.Thedifficultiesdidn’tstopthere.Ronsonalsodidn’thaveenoughconfidenceinhissinging,ashehadbeenaproducerforalongtime.“Iworkwithgreatsingers,”hetoldtheNewYorkPost，“soI’vealwaysheardwhatreallygoodvoicessoundlike.”Still,thingsworkedoutgreatintheend.Hisfamilyplaysallimportantpartinhissuccess.HisstepfatherguitaristMickJoneswasoneofthefirstmembersoftherockbandForeignerandsometimesJoneswouldshareideaswithRonson.“Afterschool,JoneswouldplaymethemostrecentmixofsongsinthestudioandaskwhatIthought,andIwouldtellhiminmylittleEnglishschoolboyvoice,‘Irememberthebass(貝司)wasturnedupalittlemoreonthemixfromlastweek’”,RonsontoldTheGuardian,“Iwaskindofmeanttoliveinthestudio.”Alltheseinfluencesledtohissuccess.RonsontaughthimselfhowtoDJwhenhewas16.“IpracticedbycopyingmyfavoriteDJsontheradio.”hetoldUSradiostationNPR.“Iwouldlistentothemandtryandcopyinmybestwaywhattheyweredoing.”WiththegoalofbeingacoolDJ,RonsondroppedoutofNewYorkUniversityandplayedinclubsindowntownNewYork,wherepopularartistsoftenvisited.“Ifyoudoagoodjob,there’sthechancetheymightrememberwhoyouare,”hetoldNPR.AnddoingagoodjobishowRonsongotintoshowbusiness.“Neverunderestimate(低估)Ronson,”UKDJZaneLowetoldEsquiremagazine,“heisfullypreparedforopportunities.”12IsMarkRonsonapopstarnow?________________________________________________________________________________________________.WhatdidhewinonFeb15,2016?________________________________________________________________________________________________.HowdidheteachhimselftobeaDJ?________________________________________________________________________________________________.Wheredidheplayafterdroppingoutofuniversity?________________________________________________________________________________________________.Whatmadehimsuccessful?________________________________________________________________________________________________.逐題剖析語篇解讀：本篇文章是一篇人物列傳類的記述文，主要敘述了MarkRonson是如何戰(zhàn)勝困難，成為一名遇到大家歡迎的流行音樂歌手的。分析：是非題。題干意為“MarkRonson此刻是一紳士行明星嗎？”，依據(jù)題干可將答案鎖定在文章第一段中，依據(jù)第一段重點(diǎn)句“FromDJtoproducertosinger,MarkRonsonisnowapopstarinhisownright.”可判斷題干是正確的，故答案為“Yes”。答案：Yes.分析：此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“他在2016年2月15日博得了什么？”，依據(jù)題干可將答案鎖定在文章第二段中，閱讀第二段，依據(jù)段中重點(diǎn)句hishitsongUptownFunkwonRecordoftheYear,oneofthemostimportantprizes,atthe2016GrammyAwards.可知他的熱銷歌曲UptownFunk博得了2016年格萊美獎(jiǎng)的年度最正確唱片獎(jiǎng)，故可推測(cè)出正確答案。答案：RecordoftheYearatthe2016GrammyAwards.3.分析：此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“他是如何自學(xué)成為一名DJ的？”，依據(jù)題干可將答案鎖定在文章第九段中，依據(jù)第九段重點(diǎn)句RonsontaughthimselfhowtoDJwhenhewas16.“IpracticedbycopyingmyfavoriteDJsontheradio.”hetoldUSradiostationNPR.可知他是經(jīng)過廣播模擬最喜歡的DJ來進(jìn)行練習(xí)的，故可推測(cè)出正確答案，但要注意人稱的變化，I變he，my變his。答案：HepracticedbycopyinghisfavoriteDJsontheradio.分析：此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“從大學(xué)休學(xué)后他在哪演奏音樂？”，依據(jù)題干將答案鎖定在文章倒數(shù)第四段中，依據(jù)段中重點(diǎn)句RonsondroppedoutofNewYorkUniversityandplayedinclubsindowntownNewYork可知他是在紐約市中心的俱樂部里演奏，故可推測(cè)出正確答案。答案：InclubsindowntownNewYork.分析：此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“什么使他成功？”，此題需要閱讀全文，抓住重點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。第一依據(jù)第四段中重點(diǎn)句heworkedsohardthathishairstartedtofallout可知他的成功與努力工作是分不開的，故推測(cè)出第一點(diǎn)hardwork；依據(jù)第五段中重點(diǎn)句Thedifficultiesdidn’tstopthere.可知困難不可以阻攔他，他應(yīng)該是個(gè)有毅力的人，故推測(cè)出第二點(diǎn)strongwill；依據(jù)第七段重點(diǎn)句Thedifficultiesdidn’tstopthere.及第八段重點(diǎn)句Alltheseinfluencesledtohissuccess.可知家人對(duì)他的影響也對(duì)他的成功有幫助，故推斷出第三點(diǎn)influencesfromhisfamily；依據(jù)最后一段重點(diǎn)句heisfullypreparedforopportunities.可知他是有充分準(zhǔn)備的，故推測(cè)出第五點(diǎn)fullpreparation，將這幾點(diǎn)用and連結(jié)即可得出正確答案。答案：Hardwork,strongwill,influencesfromhisfamilyandfullpreparation.精講筆錄13（學(xué)生在教師的指導(dǎo)下,回首本講中累積的閱讀表達(dá)的知識(shí)和方法）語篇中累積的詞匯（起碼累積10個(gè)）單詞詞性及詞義單詞的運(yùn)用（鼓舞學(xué)生用所學(xué)詞匯造句）語篇中的學(xué)到的方法（起碼掌握2種）細(xì)節(jié)題2、3、4、5是非題1要旨題活用題基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)一、詞匯/短語英漢互譯★單詞/短語詞性詞義adj.瘋狂的producev.創(chuàng)interviewn.n.壓力comeupwithconfidencen.practicev.dropout為準(zhǔn)備opportunityn.二、句子英漢互譯★★14我得為考試做準(zhǔn)備。_____________________________________________.我很思念我童年居住過的地方。______________________________________________.Afterschool,JoneswouldplaymethemostrecentmixofsongsinthestudioandaskwhatIthought.______________________________________________.WiththegoalofbeingacoolDJ,RonsondroppedoutofNewYorkUniversityandplayedinclubsindowntownNewYork,wherepopularartistsoftenvisited.______________________________________________.Severalofthemembershavecomeupwithsuggestionsoftheirown.______________________________________________.閱讀練習(xí)話題體裁字?jǐn)?shù)建議用時(shí)實(shí)質(zhì)用時(shí)正確率星級(jí)人生百味類記述文4356-8分鐘__/5★★★Ourviewstowardslifechangeoverthetime.WhenIwasaroundfiveyearsold,Iwasinacaraccident.Atthattime,IdidnotrealizetheseriousnessofitandhowluckyIwastostillbealive.AsIlookbacktothinkwhathappenedonthatnight,InowrealizehowluckymyfamilymembersandIweretonothavegottenseriousinjuries.Theclayoftheaccidentstartedoutgreat.Mybrother,TroyandIhadspentthenightbeforeatJoAnn'shouse,withHeather,andJoAnn'shusbandGary.Thenextdaywespentplayinginsidethehouse,becauseitwascold,windyandrainyoutside.Atnight,JoAnntoldusweweregoingoutandthatwhereweweregoingwasasurprise.Thefiveofusclimbedintoanoldcar,andwesetoffforoursurprise.Itwasstillcold,windy,andrainingcatsanddogsoutsidewhenweleft.Troy,Heatherand1satinthebackseattogetherhappily.ThenextthingIknewwasthateverythingwaschaos(雜亂)!Theroadwassoslick(滑的）thatthecarlostcontrol.Glasswasflyingeverywhere,andits