2023年山西省呂梁市大學英語6級大學英語六級模擬考試(含答案)

2023年山西省呂梁市大學英語6級大學英語六級模擬考試(含答案)學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、1.Writing(10題)1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledALettertotheMayor.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.假如你是王玲，請你就社區(qū)附近建筑工地的污染問題給市長寫一封信，內容應涉及污染情況、給居民帶來的不便以及你的建議。

2.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledWhatDoYouThinkofChallenge?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.挑戰(zhàn)的意義

2.如何迎接挑戰(zhàn)

3.我的看法

3.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledElectronicWaste.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinesgivenbelow:

1.廢棄的電子產品越來越多；

2.如何正確處理這些電子產品。

4.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaycommentingonthevalueofbeauty.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.

1．近年來不少大四學生就業(yè)前突擊整容

2．當今社會崇尚外表的輿論導向是導致上述現(xiàn)象的主要因素

3．我對外表美的看法

5.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledGraduateSchoolorWork?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheinstructionsgivenbelow:

目前，越來越多的大學生本科畢業(yè)之后選擇繼續(xù)進入研究生院學習。一個重要的原因是工作不太好找。那么你打算在大學畢業(yè)之后找工作還是繼續(xù)上研究生呢?請就這個問題談談你的打算和主要原因。

6.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteaCampaignSpeech.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.你認為自己具備了什么條件(能力、性格、愛好等)可以勝任學生會主席的工作。

2．如果當選，你將為本校同學做些什么。

7.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionwiththetitleofAHarmoniousCyberspace,givinganintroductionoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthecyberspace,andsomemeasurestosolvetheproblem.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

[*]

8.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTheAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofStudyingAbroad.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.出國留學的好處；

2．出國留學的弊端；

3．結論和你的觀點。

TheAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofStudyingAbroad

9.Directions:Thefollowingtablegivesstatisticsshowingtheaspectsofqualityoflifeinfivecountries.Writeacompositiondescribingtheinformationinthetablebelow.Youshouldwriteatleast150words.

10.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic"AFewRe.marksonCompetition".Yourcompositionshouldbenolessthan150wordsandbaseontheoutline(giveninChinese)below.

1.競爭是存在于當今社會的普遍現(xiàn)象

2.競爭的好處

3.競爭的同時不要忘記合作

二、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(10題)11.Accordingtotheauthor,thosefascinatedtotravelareheldbackfromtravelingaroundtheworldby______.

12.

Doingmorephysicalexercisehelpsconsumeextracaloriesandstayfit.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.

Inadigitalcablesystem,ifthereisnokeytodecodethesignal,then,wewillonlysee______.

14.SixWaystoAlterYourDreams

It'srarethatIhaveanexcitingorfundream.Two-headedmonstersortheabilitytobreatheunderwaterrarelycomeupwhenI'msleeping.ThemostinterestingdreamI'vehadrecentlyinvolvedmereturningtomycollegejobasanicecreamscooperandmutteringtoacoworker,"Man,thissucks!"Itsuredid.

YetmanyofmyfriendstellmefantasticnighttimetalesofflyingallovertheworldorofscandalousencounterswithCliveOwenonatrain.I'veheardthatit'spossibletocontrolthecourseofourdreamsvialuciddreaming,butIalwaysassumedthatitwasaninnateability.Infact,anyonecanlearntotakethereinsfromthesubconsciousandalterdreamsituations.Usingavarietyoftechniques,wecanturnmundanedreamsintofantasiesthatmakeitevenmoreexcitingtocrawlintobed.

1.DreamJournaling

Agoodplacetostarttheluciddreamingprocessistokeeparecordofpreviousdre,ams.Therearenumerouswaystorememberyourdreams,butoneoftheeasiestandmostpopularistokeepadreamjournal.Putanotebookandpennexttoyourbedandimmediatelyuponwakingwritedowneverythingyoucanrememberfromyourdreams.Ifwritingistoomucheffortsosoonaftersnoozing,tryavoicerecorderinstead.Thepointistokeeptrackconsistentlysothatyore"dreamrecallimprovesovertime.Afterall,what'sthepointofluciddreamingifyoucan'trememberitinthemorning?

2.MnemonicInductionofLucidDreams(MILD)

Thistechnique,createdbypsychophysiologistStephenLaBerge,stressestherecognitionofdreamingwhileit'sinprocess.Beginbymakingitagoaltowakeyourselfupwhenyonnoticethatyou'redreamingandchronicleeverythingyoucanrememberaboutthedream.Asyou'refallingbackasleep,focusonre-enteringyourpreviousdream,butthistimedirectyourselftoexplorethedreaminsteadofwakingyourselfup.KeepthatawarenessasyoufallintoREMsleep(thesleepstageduringwhichluciddreamingmostcommonlyoccurs).Itmighthelptostatealoud,"Iamawareofmydreamstate,"asyoudriftoff.

Lookforindications-alsocalleddreamsigns-thatalertyoutothefactthatyou'redreaming.Thesecouldbeanythingthatareoutoftheordinaryorwouldbeimpossibleinreallife(thepreviously-mentionedtwo-headedmonster,forexample).Thistechniquecantakeawhiletomaster,butwithsteadypractice,youcanlearntorecognizedreamsignswhilestillinthedreamstate,therebyputtingyourselfincontrolofthesituation.

3.RealityTesting

Realitytestingrequiresconstantattentiontotheworldaroundus-bothindreamsandinreallife.Whengoingthroughyourday,perform.smallcheckstodetermineifwhatyou'reseeingispossibleinreality.Theanswerwillusuallybeyessinceyonknowyou'reawake(andit'llprobablyfeelsillyatfirst),buttherepeatedquestioningwillsetyourminduptotakethesameactionsindreams.Forexample,somethingsimplelikeacarnotstartingisoftenoverlookedinadreambecausethat'ssomethingthatcouldhappeninreallife.Butifaspouse'shairisblondeinsteadofbrown,that'saclearsignalforsomeoneusingrealitytestingthatheorsheisactuallydreaming,andthisknowledgeallowsmorecontroloverthecourseofthedream.Togetintothehabit,setanalarmormakeitagoaltodorealitychecksacertainnumberoftimesperday.Thechecksareawaytoteachyourselftonoticeoutoftheordinaryoccurrencesindreamssothatyoucanreachthatcovetedawarenesswithoutfullywakingup.

4.Wake-InitiationofLucidDreams(WILD)

ThosewhousetheWILDmethodtoachieveluciddreamingmustlearntostayatleastsomewhatconscious(butnottooconscious,sincethatmightkeepyouawake)asyourbodymovesintodeepsleep.AccordingtotheL

A.Seeingatwo-headedmonster.

B.Beinganice-creamscooper.

C.Beingabletobreatheunderwater.

D.MeetingCliveOwenonatrain.

15.PassageOne

Englishisoneofthemostimportantlanguagesoftheworldtodayspokenbymorethan300,000,000people,enditisthesecondwidelyusedmodemlanguage.OnlyChineseisspokenbymorepeople.

LinguistsclassifyEnglishasaGermaniclanguage.Itsclosestlinguistic"relatives"areFrisian,Dutch,Flemish,andLowGerman.MoredistantrelativesincludeSwedish,Danish,Norwegian,Icelandic,andModemHighGerman.Itsmostdistant"relatives"includeothermembersoftheIndo-EuropeanlanguagefamilyofwhichtheGermaniclanguagesareapart.

TheEnglishlanguageaswecurrentlyknowitistheresultofapproximately1500yearsofdevelopment.Interestingly,theoriginsofmodernEnglisharenotinEnglanditself,butinsouthernDenmarkandnorthernGermany,sincethelanguagewhicheventuallydevelopedintomodernEnglishwasbroughtbypeoplecalledtheAngles,Saxons,andJuteswhentheyinvadedtheBritishIslesinthefifthCentury.TheCelticlanguagespokenbytheearliestinhabitantsofEnglandweredisplacedandtheCeltic-speakingpeopleweredrivenbytheinvadersintowhatwenowknowasWales,Scotland,endIreland.Celticlanguagesarestillspokeninpartsofthesecountries.

LinguistsdividethedevelopmentofEnglishhim3periods;OldEnglish,MiddleEnglish,andModemEnglish.TheModemEnglishperiodisthenfurtherdividedintoEarlyModemEnglishendLateModemEnglish.TheOldEnglishperiodspannedapproximately500years--fromaround450toaround1100.TheMiddleperiodlastedroughly400years--fromabout1100untilaround1500.TheModemEnglishperiodbeganaround1500,withEarlyModemEnglishlastinguntilapproximately1750endLateModemEnglishfromthentothepresent

ThevocabularyofModernEnglishisprobablymoreextensivethenthatofmayotherlanguagesintheworld.IthasbeenestimatedthatthetotalnumberofModemEnglishwordsisover1,000,000,ifoneincludesslangendrecenttechnicalandscientificterms.

ThegreatnumberofwordsintheModemEnglishlexiconislargelyduetothefactthatEnglishhasbeenalwaysa"word-borrowing"language.IntheOldEnglishperiod,therewereborrowingsfromLatin,Greek,Danish,and,toasmallextent,Celticlanguages.IntheMiddleEnglishperiod,therewerefurtherborrowingsfromDanish,andalso—toalargedegree--fromNormanFrench.IntheModernEnglishperiod,therehavebeenmoreborrowingsfromLatin,Greek,andalargenumberofEuropeanandotherlanguages.Allinall,Englishhas"adopted"wordsfrommorethan50otherlanguages.

PassageTwo

Averyimportantworldproblem,ifnotthemostseriousofallthegreatworldproblemswhichaffectusatthemoment,istheincreasingnumberofpeoplewhoactuallyinhabitthisplanet.Thelimitedamountoflandandlandresourceswillsoonbeunabletosupportthehugepopulationifitcontinuestogrowatthepresentrate.

Inanearlysurveyconductedin1888,abillionandahalfinhabitedtheearth.Now,thepopulationexceedsfivebillionandgrowingfast--bythestaggeringfigureof90millionin1988alone.ThismeansthattheworldmustaccommodateanewpopulationroughlyequaltothatoftheUnitedStatesandCanadaeverythreeyears!Eventhoughtherateofgrowthhasbeguntoslowdown,mostexpertsbelievethepopulationsizewillstillpasseightbillionduringthenext50years.

Ifweexaminetheamountoflandavailableforthisever-increasingpopulation,webegintoseetheproblem.Ifeveryoneontheplanethadanequalshareofland,wewouldeachhaveabout50,000squaremeters.Thisfigureseemstobequiteencouraginguntilweexaminethetypeoflandwewouldhave.Notalllandisusefultohumansasitcannotproducefood.Wecancutoutaboutonefifthofitbecauseitispermanentlycoveredby

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

Theresultsofcensushavealwaysbeenthecompromiseofcertaingroupsofinterest.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

InFreud'stheory,anxietycanberemoved______.

18.

AnawardofanyIPrightsshouldconsiderthebalancebetweenthecreator'sinterestandthatoftheotherindividuals'.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.Morepeoplewouldusenotesandcointoprotect______whenelectroniccashpaymentsareunderstrictmonitoring.

20.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispartyouwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1～7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8～10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

SoundEffects

Snorers(打鼾的人)havealwaysbeenmadejokes.Incartoons,theirnasal(鼻子的)roarliftstheroofoffhouses.Insituationcomedies,there'sthewifewhorollshereyesathersnoringbedmate.Butinreality,it'snotallthatfunny.Infact,snoringcanbeanightmareforsnorersandtheirtroubledpartners,whomaywakeupseveraltimesanighttopoke,andmaybehoistlovedonesontotheirsidesforalittlerelief.

RisksofSnoringProblems

Butthenightlyracketismorethanapotentialrelationshipstrain.Accordingtothelatestresearch,anincreasinglyolderandheavierpopulationmaymakethisconditionanevengreaterahealthriskthanwepreviouslythought.ForMaggieMoss-Tucker,successfultreatmentforalongtimesnoringproblemcamealmostbyaccident.Onefallmorningin2005,shesawasignatherlocalgymseekingsnorersasvolunteersforastudyatBoston'sBrigham&Women'sHospital.Moss-Tucker,now56,wasintrigued.Shehadstartedsnoringnearlyadecadeearlier."I'dtriedeverythingtostop,"shesays,fromsleepinguprighttousingnosestripsoramouthguard.Buttoherandherhusband'sdismay,nothingworked.WhenshesignedupforthestudyandspentanightatasuburbanBostonsleeplab,shefoundoutwhy.

Afterreviewinghersleeppatternsandoxygenlevels,researcherstoldherthathersnoringwasactuallyanindicationofsomethingworse.Shesufferedfromasleepapnea(呼吸暫停),aconditioninwhichpatientsstopbreathingrepeatedlyastheysleepandcanwakeupasmanyas100timesanightoftenwithoutrememberingit.Thatkindofrevelationhasledtodoctorsre-evaluatingaconditiononcetreatedaslittlemorethananuisance."Inthepast,snoringhasbeentreatedlikeajokingmatter;younevertalkedaboutitwithyourdoctor,"saysDr.DavidRapoport,medicaldirectoroftheSleepDisordersCenteratNewYorkUniversityMedicalCenter."Butwhenitbecomesveryprominentorsuchthatitwakesyouuporinterfereswithbreathing,itcanbeaproblem."

Sleepapnea,inwhichtheairwaybecomesblockedor,lessoften,thebrainfailstoproperlycontrolbreathingduringsleeping,canbeviewedasoneextremeofthesnoringspectrum.Softsnoring,whichisnotgenerallyconsideredahealthhazard,wouldbeattheotherend.Asthesoundandpersistenceofapatient'ssnoringgrows,sodothehealthconcerns.AstudypublishedintheMarch1issueofthejournalSleepfoundthatloudsnorershada40percentgreaterriskthannon-snorersofsufferingfromhighbloodpressure,34percentgreateroddsofhavingaheartattackanda67percentgreaterchanceofhavingastroke.

That'saproblemgiventhenumberofnoisysleepersoutthere.InarecentpollbytheNationalSleepFoundation,aboutonethirdofUSworkingadultsreportedsnoringatleastafewnightsinthepreviousmonth.Snoringgenerallyworsenswithagesotherateisevenhigheramongtheelderly.And,contrarytocommonperceptions,it'snearlyascommoninwomenasmen.Menopause(更年期)appearstobeafactor,asisweight.Beingoverweightcancausethicknessintheairwaytube,holdingbacktheflowofoxygen.

TreatmentofSnoringProblems

Yetmanywhoregularlysnoredon'trealizethatitcouldbebadfortheirhealth.Theresearchlinkinghypertension,cardiacproblemsandloudsnoringisrelativelynew.Andthoughawarenessofs

A.thecausesofsnoringproblems

B.thetreatmentsofsnoringproblems

C.therisksofsnoringproblems

D.thehazardsandthetreatmentsofsnoringproblems

三、3.ListeningComprehension(10題)21.聽力原文：W:JeanreallylosthertemperinDr.Brown'sclassthismorning.Wewereallshockedbyheraggressiveness.

M:Oh,didshe?ButIthinkherfranknessisreallysomethingtobeappreciated.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(15)

A.HeadmiresJean'sstraightforwardness.

B.HethinksDr.Browndeservesthepraise.

C.HewilltalktoJeanaboutwhathappened.

D.HebelievesJeanwasrudetoDr.Brown.

22.聽力原文：W:Doweneedtogettogethertodiscussourseminarpresentation?

M:Isthereanythingwrongwithitrightnow?

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(13)

A.Shedoesn'tfeelthatnowistherighttime.

B.Shewondersiftheyreallyneedtodoso.

C.She'swritingherseminarpresentationnow.

D.She'ssuggestingthattheytalkaboutitlater.

23.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

(12)

A.Themanhadbetterstoptakingthecoughmedicine.

B.Themanwilltakeanothermedicineinsteadofthis.

C.Themanshouldhavepatiencetocurehiscough.

D.Themanshouldtakethemedicineforalongtime.

24.(32)

A.Toshowthatairtravelisfarsaferthandrivingacar.

B.Toshowthegreatresponsibilityshoulderedbythepilots.

C.Togiveanexampleofairdisasters.

D.Toshowthekeyroleplayedbyairtrafficcontrollers.

25.(22)

A.Exchangethecomputerforthewoman.

B.Refundthewoman'smoney.

C.Givethewomananythingshelikesinthestore.

D.Givethewomanastorecreditwithwhichshecanbuyanythinginthestore.

26.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

ToallAmericans,anotherbasic【B1】______intheirconstitutionistheBillofRights,adoptedin1971.Thisconsistsof10veryshortparagraphswhich【B2】______freedomandindividualrightsandforbid【B3】______withlivesofindividualsbythegovernment.Each【B4】______isanAmendmenttotheoriginalConstitution.

TheBillofRightsguaranteesAmericanstherighttoaspeedy【B5】______ifaccusedofacrime.Thetrialmustbebya【B6】______andthentheaccusedpersonmustbeallowedrepresentationbyalawyerandmustbeabletocallin【B7】______tospeakforhimorher.Cruelandunusualpunishmentis【B8】______.

IntheBillofRights,【B9】____________________.Theyhavetherighttoassembleinpublicplaces,toprotestgovernmentactionsandtodemandchange.Theyhavetherighttoownweaponsiftheywish.BecauseoftheBillofRights,neitherpolicenorsoldierscanstopandsearchapersonwithoutgoodreason.【B10】_________________________Therewere16otheramendmentstotheConstitutionasof1991.Thechangesarenotmanyconsideringthattheconstitutionwaswrittenin1787.Onlyafewneedtobementionedhere.Oneforbidsslaveryandthreeothersguaranteecitizenshipandfullrightsofcitizenshiptoallpeopleregardlessofrace.【B11】__________________.

聽力原文：ToallAmericans,anotherbasic(36)foundationintheirconstitutionistheBillofRights,adoptedin1971.Thisconsistsof10veryshortparagraphswhich(37)guaranteefreedomandindividualrightsandforbid(38)interferencewithlivesofindividualsbythegovernment.Each(39)paragraphisanAmendmenttotheoriginalConstitution.

TheBillofRightsguaranteesAmericanstherighttoaspeedy(40)trialifaccusedofacrime.Thetrialmustbebya(41)juryandthentheaccusedpersonmustbeallowedrepresentationbyalawyerandmustbeabletocallin(42)witnesstospeakforhintorher.Cruelandunusualpunishmentis(43)forbidden.

IntheBillofRights,(44)Americansareguaranteedfreedomofreligion,ofspeechandofthepress.Theyhavetherighttoassembleinpublicplaces,toprotestgovernmentactionsandtodemandchange.Theyhavetherighttoownweaponsiftheywish.BecauseoftheBillofRights,neitherpolicenorsoldierscanstopandsearchapersonwithoutgoodreason.(45)Theyalsocannotsearchaperson'shomewithoutlegalpermissionfromacourt.

Therewere16otheramendmentstotheConstitutionasof1991.Thechangesarenotmanyconsideringthattheconstitutionwaswrittenin1787.Onlyafewneedtobementionedhere.Oneforbidsslaveryandthreeothersguaranteecitizenshipandfullrightsofcitizenshiptoallpeopleregardlessofrace.(46)Anothergiveswomentherightstovoteandanotherloweredthenationalvoting.ageto18years.

【B1】

27.

【B2】

28.

【B11】

29.(31)

A.Christ'slastsupper.

B.Apopularfilm.

C.Alegendarystory.

D.Alocalcustom.

30.(21)

A.1000.B.100.C.200.D.2000.

四、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(3題)31.

Whatmaybe"theequity-basedculture"refertointhepassage?

A.Investorconfidence.

B.CEOcompensation.

C.PressureonWallStreet.

D.Modemaccounting.

32.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

JosephWeizenbaum,professorofcomputerscienceatMIT,thinksthatthesenseofpoweroverthemachineultimatelycorruptsthecomputerhackerandmakeshimintoanotverydesirablesortofprogrammer.Thehackersaresoinvolvedwithdesigningtheirprogram,makingitmoreandmorecomplexandbendingittotheirwill,thattheydon'tbothertryingtomakeitunderstandabletootherusers.Theyrarelykeeprecordsoftheirprogramsforthebenefitofothers,andtheytakerarelytimetounderstandwhyaproblemoccurred.

Computerscienceteacherssaytheycanusuallypickouttheprospectivehackersintheircoursesbecausethesestudentsmaketheirhomeworkassignmentsmorecomplexthantheyneedtobe.Ratherthanusingthesimplestandmostdirectmethod,theytakejoyinaddingextrastepsjusttoprovetheiringenuity.

Butperhapsthosehackersknowsomethingthatwedon'tabouttheshapeofthingstocome."Thathackerwhohadtobeliterallydraggedoffhischairat-MITisnowamultimillionaireofthecomputerindustry,"saysMITprofessorMichaelDertouzos."AndtwoformerhackersbecamethefoundersofthehighlysuccessfulApplehomecomputercompany."

Whenseeninthislight,thehackerphenomenonmaynotbesostrangeafterall.If,asmanypsychiatristssay,playisreallythebasisforallhumanactivity,thenthehackergamesarereallythepreparationforfuturedevelopments.

SherryTurkle,aprofessorofsociologyatMIT,hasforyearsbeenstudyingthewaycomputersfitintopeople'slives.Shepointsoutthatthecomputer,becauseitseemstoustobeso"intelligent,"so"capable,"so"human,"affectsthewaywethinkaboutourselvesandourideasaboutwhatweare.Shesaysthatcomputersandcomputertoysalreadyplayanimportantroleinchildren'seffortstodevelopanidentitybyallowingthemtotestideasaboutwhatisaliveandwhatisnot.

"Theyoungsterscanform.asmanysubtlenuancesandtexturedrelationshipswiththecomputersastheycanwithpeople,"Turklepointsout.

Whatisthepassagemainlyconcernedwith?

33.Mostgrowingplantscontainmuchmorewaterthanallothermaterialscombined.C.R.Darneshassuggestedthatitisaspropertotermtheplantawaterstructureastocallahousecomposedmainlyofbricksabrickbuilding.Certainitisthatallessentialprocessesofplantgrowthanddevelopmentoccurinwater.Themineralelementsfromthesoilthatareusablebytheplantmustbedissolvedinthesoilsolutionbeforetheycanbetakenintotheroot.Theyarecarriedtoallpartsofthegrowingplantandarebuiltintoessentialplantmaterialswhileinadissolvedstate.'Thecarbondioxidefromtheairmayentertheleafasagasbutisdissolvedinwaterintheleafbeforeitiscombinedwithapartofthewatertoform.simplesugars—thebasematerialfromwhichtheplantbodyismainlybuilt.Activelygrowingplantpartsaregenerally75to90percentwater.Structuralpartsofplants,suchaswoodystemsnolongeractivelygrowing,mayhavemuchlesswaterthangrowingtissues.

Theactualamountofwaterintheplantatanyonetime,however,isonlyaverysmallpartofwhatpassesthroughitduringitsdevelopment.Theprocessesofphotosynthesis,bywhichcarbondioxideandwaterarecombined—inthepresenceofchlorophyll(葉綠素)andwithenergyderivedfromlighttoform.sugars,requirethatcarbondioxidefromtheairentertheplant.Thisoccursmainlyintheleaves.Theleafsurfaceisnotsolidbutcontainsgreatnumbersofminute(細小的)openings,throughwhichthecarbondioxideenters.Thesamestructurethatpermitstheonegastoentertheleaf,however,permitsanothergas—watervaportobelostfromit.Sincecarbondioxideispresentintheaironlyintracequantities(3to4partsin10,000partsofair)andwatervaporisnearsaturationintheairspaceswithintheleaf(at80F,saturatedairwouldcontainabout186partsofwatervaporin10,000partsofair),thetotalamountofwatervaporlostismanytimesthecarbondioxideintake.Actually,becauseofwindandotherfactors,thelossofwaterinproportiontocarbondioxideintakemaybeevengreaterthantherelativeconcentrationsofthetwogases.Also,notallofthecarbondioxidethatenterstheleafissynthesizedintocarbohydrates(碳水化合物).

Agrowingplantneedswaterforallofthefollowingexcept______.

A.formingsimplesugars

B.keepingwoodystems

C.keepinggreen

D.producingcarbondioxide

五、5.ErrorCorrection(3題)34.

【S7】

35.【S6】

36.

【S10】

六、6.ErrorCorrection(3題)37.

【S6】

38.

【S9】

39.【S9】

參考答案

1.December162006DearMr.MayorIamwritingtoyoutocomplainabouttheconstructionsitesinourcitywhichcauseseriousenvironmentalproblemsandaffectthelifeofresidentsinneighbouringcommunities.Mymajorconcernsaretheairpollutionandthenoisepollution.Whentheheavyindustrialequipmentisworkingtheairisalwaysfullofrisingdustandsometimesevenblacksmoke.Thisgreatlydegradedthequalityofair.Aspeopleinhaledustparticlesandpollutedaireverydaytheirrespiratorysystemisboundtobeaffected.Theotherproblemistherestlessnoise.Someconstructionsitesoperateafter8pmwhenmostpeopleneedalittlerest.Thenoiseisnotnecessarilythunderousbutneverthelessdisturbing.Forpeoplewhogotosleepearlythenoiseisdefinitelyanuisance.Ifthissituationgoesonthecitizens'rightscannotbeguaranteed.Ithinktwomeasurescouldbetakentosolvetheproblems.Firstconstructionworkisinevitablydustyandnoisybutlocalauthoritiescansetuphigherpollutioncontrolstandardandrestricttheworkinghours.Secondifsomesitesviolatetheregulationsmoreseverepunishmentshouldbeimposedonthepeopleresponsible.Itismysincerehopethatthepollutionproblemscausedbythebuildingsiteswillbelookedintoandsolvedassoonaspossible.I'mlookin