2022-2023年四川省雅安市大學英語6級大學英語六級

2022-2023年四川省雅安市大學英語6級大學英語六級學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Themeaningofbuzzwords,iftheyhave,isbasedonconnotationsinsteadof______.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,ifonechoosestotravelwithfewerpossessions,he______.

A.islikelytoenjoyhimselfmore

B.willbeabletotravelmuchcheaper

C.tendstobuyhomemorelocalspecialtyproducts

D.willprobablymakewiserpurchaseontheroad

3.

ThefamilybreakuphascausedsomeeconomiclosstotheBritishgovernmenteachyear.

A.YB.NC.NG

4.WhereDoDreamsComefrom?

Doyouoftendreamatnight?Mostpeopledo.Whentheywakeinthemorningtheysaytothemselves,"WhatastrangedreamIhad!Iwonderwhatmademedreamthat."

Sometimesdreamsarefrightening.Terriblecreaturesthreatenandpursueus.Sometimes,indreams,wishescometrue.Wecanflythroughtheairorfloatfrommountain-tops.Atothertimeswearetroubledbydreamsinwhicheverythingisconfused.Wearelostandcan'tfindourwayhome.Theworldseemstohavebeenturnedupside-downandnothingmakessense.

Indreamsweactverystrangely.Wedothingswhichwewouldneverdowhenwe'reawake.Wethinkandsaythingswewouldneverthinkandsay.Whyaredreamssostrange?Wheredodreamscomefrom?

Peoplehavebeentryingtoanswerthissincethebeginningoftime.ButnoonehasproducedamoresatisfyinganswerthanamancalledSigmundFreud.One'sdream-worldseemsstrangeandunfamiliar,hesaid,becausedreamscomefromapartofone'smindwhichonecanneitherrecognizenorcontrol.Henamedthisthe"unconsciousmind."

SigmundFreudwasbornaboutahundredyearsago.HelivedmostofhislifeinVienna,Austria,butendedhisdaysinLondon,soonafterthebeginningoftheSecondWorldWar.

Freudwasoneofthegreatexplorersofourtime.Butthenewworldsheexploredwereinsidemanhimself.Fortheunconsciousmindislikeadeepwell,fullofmemoriesandfeelings.Thesememoriesandfeelingshavebeenstoredtherefromthemomentofourbirth—perhapsevenbeforebirth.Ourconsciousmindhasforgottenthem.Wedonotsuspectthattheyarethereuntilsomeunhappyorunusualexperiencecausesustoremember,ortodreamdreams.Thensuddenlyweseeafacewehadforgottenlongago.Wefeelthesamejealousfearandbitterdisappointmentswefeltwhenwewerelittlechildren.

ThisdiscoveryofFreud'sisveryimportantifwewishtounderstandwhypeopleactastheydo.Fortheunconsciousforcesinsideusareatleastaspowerfulastheconsciousforcesweknowabout.Whydowechooseonefriendratherthananother?Whydoesonestorymakeuscryorlaughwhileanotherstorydoesn'taffectusatall?Perhapsweknowwhy.Ifwedon't,thereasonsmayliedeepinourunconsciousminds.

WhenFreudwasachildhewantedtobecomeagreatsoldierandwinhonorforhiscountry.AtthattimeAustriaandGermanywereatwarwitheachother.HisfatherusedtotakeSigmunddowntotherailwaystationtowatchthetrainscomeinfromthebattle-fields.Thetrainswerefullofwoundedsoldiers.Thereweremenwhohadlostaneye,anarmoralegfightinginthewar.Manyofthesoldiersweresufferinggreatpain.

YoungSigmundwatchedthewoundedmenastheyweremovedfromthetrainsintothehay-cartsthatcarriedthemtothehospital.Hewasverysorryforthem.Hepitiedthemsomuchthathesaidtotheteacherathisschool,"Letusboysmakebandagesforthepoorsoldiersasoursistersinthegirls'schooldo."

Eventhen,Freudcaredaboutthesufferingsofothers,soitisn'tsurprisingthathebecameadoctorwhenhegrewup.Likeotherdoctorshelearnedallaboutthewayinwhichthehumanbodyworks.Buthebecamemoreandmorecuriousaboutthehumanmind.HewenttoParistostudywithafamousFrenchdoctor,Chareot.Chareot'sspecialstudywasdiseasesofthemindandnerves.

Atthattimeitseemedthatnooneknewverymuchaboutthemind.Ifapersonwentmad,or'outofhismind',therewasnotmuchthatcouldbedoneaboutit.Therewaslittlehelporcomfortforthemadmanorhisfamily.Peopledidn'tunderstandatallwhatwashappeningtohim.Hadhebeenpossessedbyadevilorevilspirit?WasGodpunishinghimforwrongdoing?Oftensuchpeoplewereshutawayfromthecompanyofordinarycivilized

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

Thechiefdisadvantageofpronouncingwordswhileyoureadthemisthatittendstotiereadingspeedtospeakingspeed,andthesilentreadingofmostnormalreadersisnearly______asfastastheirspeaking.

6.

SomeresearchersarenetcementwithIQtestbecausetheythinkthatintelligenceis______.

7.HarlemRenaissance(文藝復興)—ABriefIntroduction

ImportantFeatures

1.HarlemRenaissance(HR)isthenamegiventotheperiodfromtheendofWorldWarIandthroughthemiddleofthe1930sDepression,duringwhichagroupoftalentedAfrican-Americanwritersproducedasizablebodyofliteratureinthefourprominentgenresofpoetry,fiction,drama,andessay.

2.Thenotionof"twoness",adividedawarenessofone'sidentity,wasintroducedbyW.E.B.DuBois,oneofthefoundersoftheNationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColoredPeople(NAACP)andtheauthoroftheinfluentialbookTheSoulsofBlackFolks(1903):"Oneeverfeelshistwoness—anAmerican,aNegro;twosoulstwothoughts,twounreconciledstirrings:twowarringidealsinonedarkbody,whosedoggedstrengthalonekeepsitfrombeingtornasunder."

3.Commonthemes:alienation,marginality,theuseoffolkmaterial,theuseofthebluestradition,theproblemsofwritingforaneliteaudience.

4.HRwasmorethanjustaliterarymovement:itincludedracialconsciousness,"thebacktoAfrica"movementledbyMarcusGarvey,racialintegration,theexplosionofmusicparticularlyjazz,spiritualsandblues,painting,dramaticrevues,andothers.

AChronologyofImportantEventsandPublications

1919

-369thRegimentmarchedupFifthAvenuetoHarlem,February17.

-FirstPan-AfricanCongressorganizedbyW.E.B.DuBois,Paris,February.

-RaceriotsinWashington,D.C.,Chicago,Charleston,Knoxville,Omaha,andelsewhere,JunetoSeptember.

-RaceRelationsCommissionfounded,September.

-BenjaminBrawleypublishedTheNegroinLiteratureandArtintheUnitedStates.

1920

-UniversalNegroImprovementAssociation(UNIA)ConventionheldatMadisonSquareGarden,August.

-CharlesGilpinstarredinEugeneO'Neill,TheEmperorJones,November.

-JamesWeldonJohnson,firstblackofficer(secretary)ofNAACPappointed.

-ClaudeMcKaypublishedSpringinNewHampshire.

-DuBois'sDarkwaterispublished.

1921

-MarcusGarveyfoundedAfricanOrthodoxChurch,September.

-SecondPan-AfricanCongress.

-ColoredPlayersGuildofNewYorkfounded.

-BenjaminBrawleypublishedSocialHistoryoftheAmericanNegro.

1922

-FirstAnti-LynchinglegislationapprovedbyHouseofRepresentatives.

-PublicationsofTheBookofAmericanNegroPoetryeditedbyJamesWeldonJohnson;ClaudeMcKay,Harlem

Shadows.

1923

-ClaudeMcKayspokeattheFourthCongressoftheThirdInternationalinMoscow,June,

-MarcusGarveyarrestedformailfraudandsentencedtofiveyearsinprison.

-ThirdPan-AfricanCongress.

1924

-CivicClubDinner,bringingblackwritersandwhitepublisherstogether,March21.Thiseventisconsideredthefor-reallaunchingoftheNewNegromovement.

1925

-AmericanNegroLaborCongressheldinChicago,October.

1927

-MarcusGarveydeported.

-LouisArmstronginChicagoandDukeEllingtoninNewYorkbegantheircareers.

-PublicationsofHughes,FineClothestotheJew.

1928

-PublicationsofWallaceThurman,Harlem:AForumofNegroLife;DuBois,TheDarkPrincess.

1929

-NegroExperimentalTheatrefounded,February;NegroArtTheatrefounded,June.

-WallaceThurman'splayHarlem,opensattheApolloTheateronBroadwayandbecomeshugelysuccessful.

-BlackThursday,

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Momentumbustersreferto______thatwillpreventyoufromcontinuingtowork.

9.YouTubecanhardlygenerateprofitbecause______.

A.itscontentcanbeillegal

B.itisonlypartofGoogle

C.itisnotwell-knownenough

D.itsetstoomanylimitstousers

10.

AsapartofDHS'sMetropolitanMedicalResponseSystem,acitycanobtain______indevelopingplans.

11.TheNextSociety

Theneweconomymayormaynotmaterialize,butthereisnodoubtthatthenextsocietywillbewithusshortly.Inthedevelopedworld,andprobablyintheemergingcountriesaswell,thisnewsocietywillbeagooddealmoreimportantthantheneweconomy(ifany).Itwillbequitedifferentfromthesocietyofthelate20thcentury,andalsodifferentfromwhatmostpeopleexpect.Muchofitwillbeunprecedented.Andmostofitisalreadyhere,orisrapidlyemerging.

Inthedevelopedcountries,thedominantfactorinthenextsocietywillbesomethingtowhichmostpeopleareonlyjustbeginningtopayattention:therapidgrowthintheolderpopulationandtherapidshrinkingoftheyoungergeneration.Politicianseverywherestillpromisetosavetheexistingpensionsystem,butthey--andtheirconstituents--knowperfectlywellthatinanother25yearspeoplewillhavetokeepworkinguntiltheirmid-70s,healthpermitting.

Whathasnotyetsunkinisthatagrowingnumberofolderpeople--saythoseover50--willnotkeeponworkingastraditionalfulltimenine-to-fiveemployees,butwillparticipateinthelaborforceinmanynewanddifferentways:astemporaries,aspart-timers,asconsultantsonspecialassignments,andsoon.Whatusedtobepersonnelandarenowknownashumanresourcesdepartmentsstillassumethatthosewhoworkforanorganizationarefull-timeemployees.Employmentlawsandregulationsarebasedonthesameassumption.Within20or25years,however,perhapsasmanyashalfthepeoplewhoworkforanorganizationwillnotbeemployedbyit,certainlynotonafull-timebasis.Thiswillbeespeciallytrueforolderpeople.Newwaysofworkingwithpeopleatarm'slengthwillincreasinglybecomethecentralmanagerialissueofemployingorganizations,andnotjustofbusinesses.

Theshrinkingoftheyoungerpopulationwillcauseanevengreaterupheaval,ifonlybecausenothinglikethishashappenedsincethedyingcenturiesoftheRomanEmpire.Ineverysingledevelopedcountry,butalsoinChinaandBrazil,thebirthrateisnowwellbelowthereplacementrateof2.2livebirthsperwomanofreproductiveage.Politically,thismeansthatimmigrationwillbecomeanimportantandhighlydivisiveissueinallrichcountries.Itwillcutacrossalltraditionalpoliticalalignments.Economically,thedeclineintheyoungpopulationwillchangemarketsinfundamentalways.Growthinfamilyformationhasbeenthedrivingforceofalldomesticmarketsinthedevelopedworld,buttherateoffamilyformationiscertaintofallsteadilyunlessbolsteredbylarge-scaleimmigrationofyoungerpeople.ThehomogeneousmassmarketthatemergedinallrichcountriesaftertheSecondWorldWarhasbeenyouth-determinedfromthestart.Itwillnowbecomemiddle-age-determined,orperhapsmorelikelyitwillsplitintotwo:amiddle-age-determinedmassmarketandamuchsmalleryouth-determinedone.Andbecausethesupplyofyoungpeoplewillshrink,creatingnewemploymentpatternstoattractandholdthegrowingnumberofolderpeople(especiallyoldereducatedpeople)willbecomeincreasinglyimportant.

Knowledgeisall

Thenextsocietywillbeaknowledgesociety.Knowledgewillbeitskeyresource,andknowledgeworkerswillbethedominantgroupinitsworkforce.Itsthreemaincharacteristicswillbe:

--Borderlessness,becauseknowledgetravelsevenmoreeffortlesslythanmoney.

--Upwardmobility,availabletoeveryonethrougheasilyacquiredformaleducation.

--Thepotentialforfailureaswellassuccess.Anyonecanacquirethe"meansofproduction",

i.e,theknowledgerequiredforthejob,butnoteveryonecanwin.

Together,thosethreecharacteristicswillmaketheknowledgesocietyahighlycompetitiveone,fororganizationsandindividualsal

A.YB.NC.NG

12.Boyshaveahigherriskofdevelopingheartdiseasethangirls.

13.AU.S.scientificreportconcludedthatsometrendsofclimatechangewerecausedby______.

14.

FedExExpressrelocateditsheadquartersinMemphisforthedeliveryofsmallpackages.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

Whatispeople'sattitudetowardsamixtureofbloodbetweendogsandwolves?

A.It'snotencouraged.

B.It'sstronglyprotested.

C.It'swarmlywelcomed.

D.It'srespondedindifferently.

16.

MartinusvanSchalkwyk,theministerofenvironmentalaffairsandtourism,visitedthesouthDurbanbasinearlierthisyearandsaidthereweremeasuresinplaceto______.

17.

ThebookSilentSpring,toacertainextent,marksthebeginningofourunderstandingofmodernecology.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

Somebusinessmenhavefoundit______byputtingusersintovideo-game-likevirtualworlds.

19.

Accordingtothepassage,Hallidayprefers______todistinctionbetweenlearningandacquisition.

20.AsthecentersiteoftheworshipofZeus,OlympiahostedtheopeningceremonyfortheancientOlympicgames.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(21)

A.Towireheroffice.

B.Tofixthetransformer.

C.Towireherbuilding.

D.Tofixthewires.

22.(29)

A.Philipwasarudeboy.

B.Philipwasaskedtoleavethelibrary.

C.Philipwasnotoldenoughtoreadinthislibrary.

D.Philipdamagedthebookbyfallingittothefloor.

23.聽力原文：Solarenergyforyourhomeiscoming．Itcanhelpyouasasinglehomeowner．Itcanhelpthewholecountryaswell．(33)Whetherornotsolarenergycansaveyourmoneydependsonmanythings．Whereyouliveisonefactor．Thetypeofhomeyouhaveisanother．Thingslikeinsulation，presentenergycoatsandthetypeofsystemyoubuyareaddedfactors．

Usingsolarenergycanhelpsaveourpreciousfuel．Asyouknow,oursuppliesofoilandgasareverylimited．ThereisjustnotenoughonhandtomeetallourfutureenergyneedswhenMotherNaturesaysthat'sall．Theonlywaywecandelayhearingthosewordsisbystartingtosaveenergynowandbyusingothersources，likethesun．

Wewon'thavetoworryaboutthesunsrunningoutofenergyforanotherseveralbillionyearsorso．Besidesbeinganendlesssourceofenergy,theuseofthesunhasotheradvantagesaswell．(34)Thesundoesn'tofferasmanyproblemsasotherenergysources．Forexample，fossilfuelplantsaddtoalreadyhighpollutionlevels．Withsolarenergy,wewillstillneedsourcesofenergy,butwewon'tneedasmuch．Thatmeanswecancutdownonourpollutionproblems．

Solarcoatsarestartingtoequalthecostsofoilandelectricity．Expertssaythatgas，oilandelectricitypriceswillcontinuetorise．Thedemandforelectricityisincreasingrapidly．Butnewpowerplantswillusemoregas，oilorcoal．Alreadyinsomeplacesthesupplyofelectricityisbeingrationed．(35)Solarenergyisnowinitsinfancy．Itcouldsoongrowtobecomeamajorpartofournationsenergysupply．

(30)

A.Therearemanyfactorswhichcaninfluencetheuseofsolarenergy.

B.Nomatterwhereyoulive，youcanusesolarenergyfreely.

C.Allthehousescanbeequippedwithsolarenergysystem.

D.Onlythewholecountrycanaffordtousesolarenergy.

24.聽力原文：M:So,whatdoyoumeanwehavealottotalkaboutmyson?Whatistheproblemwithhim?

W:Oh,Iamafraidyoudidn'tknowhehadmadeupallsortsofreasonstoskipschoolrecently.

Q:Whataretheygoingtotalkabout?

(18)

A.Themanneedstotalktohissonmore.

B.Theman'ssonbehavedbadlyinschool.

C.Thewomanhaslotsofreasontoexpeltheman'sson.

D.Themanalwaysshowslesscaretohisson.

25.(26)

A.Thebuyerhastherighttoreprintit.

B.Thebuyerisallowedtochangeit.

C.Theartistcontinuestoholdthecopyrightforit.

D.Theartistmustreportthesaletotheauthority.

26.

【B4】

27.聽力原文：M:I'dlikeyoutocomewithmetotheopeningoftheartexhibit.

W:I'mcompletelyexhausted,soyou'llhavetomanagewithoutmetonight.

Q:Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?

(16)

A.Shewillgotheexhibitwiththeman.

B.Shewillstayathomeandrest.

C.Shewillfindoutwhentheexhibitopens.

D.Shewillhelpthemantopreparetheexhibit.

28.(36)

A.Itistheonlyrecordleftofthepainting.

B.Itisnotanaccuraterepresentationofthepainting.

C.Ithasbecomemorevaluablethanthepainting.

D.Itwasdestroyedwiththepaintinginafire.

29.(22)

A.Becauseheisallocatedtohisowninstructor.

B.Becauseasabeginnerheneedstobetaughtnottogethurt.

C.Becausethefitnesstrainingischeapandsafe.

D.Becausetheseasonticketisnotavailablenow.

30.(31)

A.Dinosaurscanfindfoodandenemieseasily.

B.Dinosaurscanliveunderwaterwithlongnecks.

C.Thenostrilsofdinosaursareclosertothemouth.

D.Thenosesofdinosaursarelargeandlong.

31.(16)

A.Athome.

B.Inatelephonebooth.

C.Atameeting.

D.Inthehospital.

32.(28)

A.Well-mannered.

B.Nice.

C.Woman-likeorshowingoff.

D.Ill-mannered.

33.

【B5】

34.(34)

A.Shewonthefirstplace.

B.Shewonthesecondplace.

C.Shewonthethirdplace.

D.Shewonnomedalsatall.

35.

【B3】

36.(44)

37.

【B6】

38.

【B7】

39.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：WhoisthemostimportantpersonintheUnitedStates?SomeonewillsayThomasJefferson,somewillsayWashingtonandIbelievemostpeoplewillsayit'sBenjaminFranklin.

Oftencalled"thefirstAmerican"and"thelastuniversalman",BenjaminFranklin'slifecoveredmostoftheeighteenthcentury--(26)from1706to1790.HewasAmerica'sfirstgreatscientistandengineerandanauthorandphilosopherofrarewit.Hewasoneofthefirstsupportersofthefederalsystemofgovernmentandoneofthegreateducationalpioneersofhisday.Hewasasuccessfulbusinessman,abelieverinfreeenterprise,andastatesmananddiplomat.Hetrulyseemedabletodoalmosteverything.

Alwayscurious,Franklinlookedforeasierandbetterwaystodothings.Heinventedanopenstovewhichgavemoreheatandwastedlessfuelthanafireplace.Itisstillusedinmanyplacestoday.(27)Healsomadethefirstpairofbifocalglassesandinventedamusicalinstrumentcalledtheharmonicaandthestepladderchair.

(28)Franklinwasespeciallyfamousasanearlyexperimenterinelectricity.OnaJunedayin1752,duringathunderstorm,heflewasilkenkiteupintothestormysky.Asablackcloudsweptacrossthekite,akeyattachedtothekitestringbecamechargedwithelectricity.Thus,heprovedthatlightningandelectricityarethesame.Usingthisknowledge,heinventedthelightningrodwhichtodayprotectsmillionsofbuildingsfromlightning.

(27)

A.TheWorldWarII.

B.TheWorldWarI.

C.TheAmericanRevolution.

D.TheIndustrialRevolutionofBritain.

40.聽力原文：W:Wheredidyougetthatterriblebruiseonyourarm?

M:IbangeditagainstthecornerofthecoffeetablewhileIwasplayingwithmyson.

Q:Howdidthemanbruisehisarm?

(14)

A.Hissonhithimonthearm.

B.Hestumbledoverastoneandfell.

C.Hebumpedthearmagainstapieceoffurniture.

D.Heknockedoveracoffeepot.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Thecompoundword"quick-fix"(Para.1)isclosestinmeaningto______.

A.idealB.temporaryC.readyD.efficient

42.Aftereightyears'study,researchersfoundthatcomparedwithsinglewomen,marriedwomenseemto______.

43.

Theauthor'sattitudetowardnoisewouldbestbedescribedas______.

A.unrealisticB.traditionalC.concernedD.hysterical

44.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasthereasonforbabies'cry?

A.Discomfort.B.Hungry.C.Consolation.D.Thirsty.

45.

ThecaseofSchutthelmetdemonstratedthatrecentlysomeinjuryclaims______.

46.

【C2】

47.

Whydocriminalsgiveuprobbingthetraditionallylucrativeplaces?

A.Oldtoolsandtechniquesusedbycriminalsareuselessintheseplacesnow.

B.Moderngunscannotmakeaterrificnoisetomenacepeopleintheseplaces.

C.Moderndevicesandtechnologicalimprovementprotecttheseplaces.

D.Robbingtheseplacesisnotsoprofitableandworthwhileasbefore.

48.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Manyofthemostdamagingandlifethreateningtypesofweathertorrentialrains,severethunderstorms,andtornadoesbeginquickly,strikesuddenly,anddisappearrapidly,destroyingsmallregionswhileleavingneighboringareasuntouched.SucheventasatornadostruckthenortheasternsectionofEdmonton,Alberta,inJuly1987.Totaldamagesfromthetornadoexceeded$250million,thehighesteverforanyCanadianstorm.

ConventionalcomputermodelsoftheatmospherehavelimitedvalueinpredictingshortlivedlocalstormsliketheEdmontontornado,becausetheavailableweatherdataaregenerallynotdetailedenoughtoallowcomputerstostudycarefullythesubtleatmosphericChangesthatcomebeforethesestorms.Inmostnations,forexample,weather-balloonobservationsaretakenjustonceeverytwelvehoursatlocationstypicallyseparatedbyhundredsofmiles.Withsuchlimiteddata,conventionalforecastingmodelsdoamuchbetterjobpredictinggeneralweatherconditionsoverlargeregionsthantheydoforecastingspecificlocalevents.

Untilrecently,theobservationintensiveapproachneededforaccurate,veryshort-rangeforecasts,or"Nowcasts,"wasnetfeasible.Thecostofequippingandoperatingmanythousandsofconventionalweatherstationswasextremelyhigh,andthedifficultiesinvolvedinrapidlycollectingandprocessingtherawweatherfromsuchanetworkwerehardtoovercome.Fortunately,scientificandtechnologicaladvanceshaveovercomemostoftheseproblems.Radarsystems,automatedweatherinstruments,andsatellitesareallcapableofmakingdetailed,nearlycontinuousobservationoverlargeregionsatarelativelylowcostCommunicationssatellitescantransmitdataaroundtheworldcheaplyandinstantaneously,andmodemcomputerscanquicklycompileandanalyzethislargevolumeofweatherinformation.MeteorologistsandcomputerscientistsnowworktogethertodesigncomputerprogramsandvideoequipmentcapableoftransformingrawweatherdataintoWords,symbols,andvividgraphicdisplaysthatforecasterscaninterpreteasilyandquickly.Asmeteorologistshavebegunusingthesenewtechnologiesinweatherforecastingoffices,Nowcastingisbecomingareality.

Theword"exceeded"inparagraph1mostprobablymeans______.

A.addeduptoB.weremorethanC.wereaboutD.werelessthan

49.

Theeffectsofalmostuniversalemploymentwereoverwhelminginthat______.

50.

Accordingtothepassage,BenjaminThomsonwasthedesignerforaprojectin______.

A.SanFranciscoB.BostonC.MinneapoisD.SanAntonio

51.

ConniePrattsoonbecameafamousactressby______.

A.learningsomelessonsabouttheartofspeaking

B.onceplayingherpartinthe"BlueMoon"

C.successfullymatchingthemostfamousactors

D.actingaleadingpartwithamostfamousactoratthattime

52.Whentheeconomyissinkingandinflationfadingrapidly,isthereanymeritincuttinginterestratesgradually?OnDecember4ththeBankofEnglandagainoptedforboldness.Itcutitsbenchmark(基準)ratebyapercentagepoint,to2%,followingastunningone-and-a-haft-pointreductionamonthearlier.OnthesamedaySweden'scentralbankslasheditsrate,from3.75%to2%,andsaidbigcutswereneededbecausemonetarypolicywaslesseffectivethanusual.ButtheEuropeanCentralBank(ECB)wasstucksomewherebetweencautionandboldness.LessthananhouraftertheBankofEngland'sdecision,theECBreduceditsmainratebythree-quartersofapercentagepoint,to2.5%.Thatwasthebiggestcutinitsten-yearhistory.Itmaylookdaring,butinthecircumstancesseemsinadequate.

OnereasonfortheBankofEngland'shasteisthattheBritisheconomy,withitshousingbustandexposuretofinancialservices,isfallingfast.Yettheeuroareaisstrugglingalmostasbadly.Acloselywatchedindexofactivity,basedonsurveysofpurchasingmanagersinmanufacturingandservices,slumpedinNovembertoitslowestlevelever.Thatsuggestseuro-areaGDPisshrinkingfast,andforathirdsuccessivequarter.Businessandconsumerconfidenceisata15-yearlow,accordingtoasurveybytheEuropeanCommission.

TheECB'sremitistostabilizeinflation,nottheeconomy.Butinflationisnolongerabarriertobigratecutsandthebankneedstoacttoensureitdoesnotfalltoolow.

Withnewsthisgrim,whynotcutinterestratesbymore?Inaspeechlastmonth,LorenzoBiniSmaghi,oftheECB'srate-settingcouncil,arguedagainstahyperactivemonetarypolicy(過激的貨幣政策).Abigratecut,hesaid,ismorelikelytodrainconfidencethanperkitup,if"itisinterpretedasasignalthatthecentralbankhasamorepessimisticassessmentoftheeconomythanmarketparticipants".Acentralbankthatactsaggressivelytoinsureagainstdeflationcouldintensifyexpectationsofit,maltingthatoutcomemore,notless,likely.Policymakerswhoslashratesatthefirstsignofdangerwillquicklyrunoutof"ammunition(彈品)",hesaid.

Yettheimmediateoutlookfortheeconomyissobleakthatthereseemslittlemeritinholdingfire.InAmericatheFederalReservehashardlyanyroomleftforboldcuts:itstargetrateisat1%buttheactualrateislower.Evenso,theFed'spolicyofpushingvastsumsofcashintotheeconomyhasshownthatmonetary-policyoptionsarenotexhaustedevenwheninterestratesapproachzero.JeanClaudeTrichet,theECB'spresident,hadheldhisusualpressconference,hutthebankseemedlikelytocutratesagainatitsnextrate-settingmeetingonJanuary15th.

Whatcanwelearnfromthepassageaboutbanks'cuttingofinterestrates?

A.OnDecember4th,BankofEnglandcutrateforthefrosttime.

B.Sweden'scentralbankreduceditsinterestrateonedaylater.

C.TheECBsaysmonetarypolicywaslesseffective.

D.Record-settingcuttingisstillnotenoughundersuchcircumstances.

53.It