專升本英語(yǔ)二3語(yǔ)法

首先，復(fù)習(xí)要在精讀的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行。其次，對(duì)于英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法要全面學(xué)習(xí)和重點(diǎn)掌握。不僅要復(fù)習(xí)下下面將語(yǔ)法分為兩部分復(fù)習(xí)表）.復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞的幾種基本形式：動(dòng)詞、過去式、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞、第三人稱單數(shù)形式動(dòng)詞的變化是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的難點(diǎn)，同時(shí)也是英語(yǔ)的，掌握好動(dòng)詞的變化，許多疑難問題也就隨之迎動(dòng)詞的主要考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞的種類：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞①系動(dòng)詞be elooksoundfeeltasteseemremainsmellappeargetturngrowholdkeepstandstaycancouldmaymightshallshouldwillwouldmustoughtneed③助動(dòng)詞bedohaveshallshouldwill不及物動(dòng)詞⑤動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)例如：takepartin，puton，takece，consistof···（介詞賓語(yǔ)）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：Atthattime,peopledidn’tknowthattheearthWhentheyleaveschool,theywillgoIfitisfinetomorrow,Iwillgooutfor 一般過去時(shí)：Heboughtacarin一般將來時(shí)：TheywillleaveforHongKong過去將來時(shí)：（立足過去，討論未發(fā)生的事HeaskedmewhereIwouldspendmy現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：Motheriswaitingfor過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：Whatwereyoungat6p.m.last將來進(jìn)行時(shí)：IshallbeflyingtoShanghaiatthreetomorrow現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：Ihaven’tseenhersince過去完成時(shí)：WhenIcametoherhome,shehadalready將來完成時(shí)：I’msurehewillhaveleftTokyobythistime現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：Shehasbeenlookingforherbossforalmostan過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：Theephonehadbeenringingforthreeminutesbeforesomebodyansweredit.動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞例如：HisroomisbeingMywalletwasstolenaweekThebookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.Thisworkshouldbedoneassoonaspossible.If（P.539）補(bǔ)充用法：（參看下冊(cè)P.233-237例句）ifwouldrather/wouldit’shightimelest,forfearthat,in5化句Ifwouldhadwouldhaveshould（有時(shí)可用wereto+動(dòng)詞would①Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeall②Iftheearthhadnogravity,themoonwouldflytothe③IfIhadleftalittleearlier,Iwouldhavecaughtthe④IfatomicbombhadnotbeenusedinWorldWarII,Japanesewouldnothavesurrendered.⑤Ifitshouldraintomorrow,whatcouldwe⑥IfIweretodoit,Iwoulddoitinadifferent主語(yǔ)從句：Itis（was）thatshould例如：Itisnecessarythatthemeetingshouldbeheldtonight.Itisnecessarythat…（有必要…,…必須imperative,important,essential,advisable,better,ordered,proposed,requested, mended,demanded,decided,thatshould例如：Isuggestthatthemeetingshouldbeheldtonight.suggestinsist mendorderproposerequirerequestcommanddemand……thatshould例如：Mysuggestionisthatthemeetingshouldbehelddecision,proposal,advice,order…4）that……should例如：Hegavetheproposalthatweshouldholdthemeetingsuggestionproposalorderinstructionadvice 英語(yǔ)中除了少數(shù)形容詞無，大部分形容詞都有程度上的差異，這種差異在語(yǔ)法上主要用比較moreimportant/moremostimportant/mostgood,bad,badly,many,farther,farthest,older,oldest,farther與further都是far的和，但是farther指具體含義的“更遠(yuǎn)”，further指抽象含義的“更遠(yuǎn)”，有“進(jìn)一步”的意思。elder與eldest也是old的和，主要表比較結(jié)構(gòu)：（句式asasThetreeisastallasthebuilding.Heisnotasbusyasbefore.as（a）+asWe’llgiveyouasmuchhelpasweHewantstobeasgreatascientistasNewton.3）表示倍數(shù)：倍數(shù)+as+原級(jí)+asFreshfruitcoststwiceasmuchascannedfruit.4）…notas/soasHecannotrunas/sofastasyou.Ihaven’tmadeasmuchprogressasIshould.5）（肯定句）Heismorecleverthanhissister.（否定句）Heisnotmorecleverthanhissister.他不比他的姐姐Heisnomorecleverthanhissister.Thisbedis（not）morecomfortablethantheother.這張床（不）Thisbedisnomorecomfortablethantheother.注意：前可加表示程度的狀語(yǔ)，如：far,much,rather,still,even,many,alittle,abit,slightly,alot,byfar,somewhat例如：Thisroomisfar/muchcoolerthanthatone.6）the+形容詞…，the+形容詞表示“越…就越…”Actually,thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.7）+and+，表示“越來越Thecarwasrunningfasterandfaster.Janebecamemoreandmorebeautiful.表語(yǔ)：描述主語(yǔ)的特征、、狀態(tài)等，位于系動(dòng)詞后。SVOO（雙賓語(yǔ)SVOC（復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)）·主從連詞：that,whether,if·連接代詞：who,whom,whose,what,which·連接副詞：when,where,why,how·主語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，可用形式主語(yǔ)Itthat，that·賓語(yǔ)從句：句型：謂語(yǔ)（或及物動(dòng)詞后）·表語(yǔ)從句（系動(dòng)詞）關(guān)系代詞：thatwhichwhowhomwhose關(guān)系副詞：whenwherewhenas,whilewhen例如：WhenIpressedthebutton,theradiowhenwhileaswhen，whenaswhile例如：Whentheyarrived,theywereverytired.asas例如：Shesangassheworked.whilewhile例如：Whileyouwereaway,twofriendscametoseeyou.until,tillItis（was）notuntilthattill例如：ItwasnotuntilyesterdaythatIgotyourletter.例如：UntilyesterdayIgotyourletter.從句在主句之后，tilluntil例如：Iwaiteduntil（till）hecameIdidn’tleaveuntil（till）hecamebecause,sinceas,forShehasmissedherbusbecausethetimetablehaschanged.Sinceheisbusy,Iwon’ttroublehim.Nowthateverybodyishere,let’sbeginourclass.Astheweatherwasfine,wedecidedtoclimbthemountain.由于天氣好，我們決定爬山。Theoldladydoesn’tgooutinthewinter,forshefearsthecoldagreatdear.這個(gè)老太because表示原因時(shí)語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，回答了為什么發(fā)生sincenowthatasThoughitwasgettingdark,buthestillwentonworking.（誤Becausesheoverslept,soshemissedthebus.（誤強(qiáng)調(diào)句：ItwasTomthat（who）hadasevereheartattacklastnight.ItwasnotuntilyesterdaythatIgotyourletter.倒裝句：OnlythismorningdidIhearthesadnews.Tallasheis,hecannotybasketballwell.NeverhaveIreadsuchaninterestingbook.存在句型：Therearesomebooksonthetable.反意疑問句:Youhavenomoney,haveyou?No,IYes,Ihavea（Irregular 12（系動(dòng)詞）was,34567做89forbade,唱寫baby-baby-baby-買挖有放，產(chǎn)（卵說（出坐睡spunlre贏ee來ee跑114、115116咬**躺吐（痰、口水，抗…anti-war（反戰(zhàn)的）anti-SARS（抗dislike（不喜歡）disadvantage（不利條件enable（使能夠）endanger（危害lillegal（的）illogical（不合邏輯的前plete（不完整的）inexact（不精確的r互相、 間inct（互相作用）international（國(guó)際的misguide（使誤入歧途）misunderstand（誤解nonviolent（非的）non-verbal（非詞語(yǔ)的overpopulate（使人口過密）overweight（超重pre于preview（）precook（預(yù)先烹調(diào)proreexamine（復(fù)試）remarry（再婚回recall（回想）restore（使恢復(fù)；回復(fù)半半年亞subtitle（副標(biāo)題）sub-editor（副主編subconsciously（下意識(shí)地）subsoil（下層土subway（superman（超人）supermarket（超級(jí)市場(chǎng)unload（從…卸下貨物）unhappy（不高興underwear（）underline（在…下劃線Am.EAmericanEnglish英Br.EBritishEnglish-marriage（結(jié)婚）percentage（百分比--insurance（）convenience（方便）emergency（緊急情況）proficiency（熟練）-limitation（限制）transportation（reporter（）sailor（水手-likelihood（可能性）neighborhood（鄰里-ion,--impression（印象）possession（擁有）instruction（指導(dǎo)）comparison（比較-socialism（）tourism（觀光-psychologist（心理學(xué)家）biologist（生物學(xué)家-management（經(jīng)營(yíng)）statement（-loneliness（孤獨(dú)）kindness（仁慈-relationship（關(guān)系）friendship（友誼-ty,-variety（多樣化）necessity（必要性remarkable（值得注意的digestible（可消化的-industrial（工業(yè)的）al（個(gè)人的-successful（成功的）colorful（多彩的-foolish（愚蠢的）childish（孩子氣的-imaginative（富于）imitative（模仿的-lifeless（無生命的）motionless（不動(dòng)的-nervous（神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的）religious（的--guilty（的）salty（含鹽的-heighten（提高）sharpen（削尖-fy,-beautify（美化）signify（表示-ize,-使成為；（使）…memorize（熟記）industrialize（工業(yè)化-scarcely（幾乎不）secondly（其次-eastward（向東）downward（向下-用法1as（當(dāng)…時(shí)候）ShebegantowatchTVaftershehadfinishedher.Whenitrains，IusuallygotoschoolbyDon’tgobeforeIcomebythetimethat（到了…時(shí)候…）not…longbefore（…不久，就…）Let’swaituntil（till）therainHardly/scarcely/（before）/nosooner…than（一…Nosoonerhadtheyreachedthetopofthehillthantheyallsatdowntorest.assoonas/directly/immediay（when/after）/themoment（that）/theinstant/theminute（that）（一…就）everytime（每次）once（一旦Themomentyouhearthenews，givemea你一聽到消息就給我 Everytimeshecametothecityshewouldvisitheroldfriends.她每次來到城里都要去看看她那些2“I’mfindingoilformymotherland.wherethereisoil，myhomeisthere.”WhereverIam，Iwillbethinkingof3as（so）longas（只要）incase（假如，一旦）ifonly（只要）onconditionthat（只要，假如）suppose（that）supposing（that）/provided（that）/Ifyouaregoingtovisitanyforeigncountry，youwillneedapassport.Youcan’tlearnEnglishwellunlessyouworkhard.4as（因?yàn)椋﹏owthat（既然）seeingthat（鑒于）inthat（因?yàn)椋〢stheyliveinthecountryside，theycanenjoyfreshair.Sinceheisbusy,Iwon’ttroublehim.Seeingthatyouareinexperienced,youarenotfitforthework.5sothat（因而，因此，所以，結(jié)果）Youwentearly，sothat